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毕业设计(论文)外文资料翻译系部：机械工程系专业：机械工程及自动化姓名：学号：外文出处：Design of machine elements(用外文写)附件：1.外文资料翻译译文；2.外文原文。
附件1：外文资料翻译译文机器零件的设计相同的理论或方程可应用在一个一起的非常小的零件上，也可用在一个复杂的设备的大型相似件上，既然如此，毫无疑问，数学计算是绝对的和最终的。
他们都符合不同的设想，这必须由工程量决定。
有时，一台机器的零件全部计算仅仅是设计的一部分。
零件的结构和尺寸通常根据实际考虑。
另一方面，如果机器和昂贵，或者质量很重要，例如飞机，那么每一个零件都要设计计算。
当然，设计计算的目的是试图预测零件的应力和变形，以保证其安全的带动负载，这是必要的，并且其也许影响到机器的最终寿命。
当然，所有的计算依赖于这些结构材料通过试验测定的物理性能。
国际上的设计方法试图通过从一些相对简单的而基本的实验中得到一些结果，这些试验，例如结构复杂的及现代机械设计到的电压、转矩和疲劳强度。
另外，可以充分证明，一些细节，如表面粗糙度、圆角、开槽、制造公差和热处理都对机械零件的强度及使用寿命有影响。
设计和构建布局要完全详细地说明每一个细节，并且对最终产品进行必要的测试。
综上所述，机械设计是一个非常宽的工程技术领域。
例如，从设计理念到设计分析的每一个阶段，制造，市场，销售。
以下是机械设计的一般领域应考虑的主要方面的清单：①最初的设计理念②受力分析③材料的选择④外形⑤制造⑥安全性⑦环境影响⑧可靠性及寿命在没有破坏的情况下，强度是抵抗引起应力和应变的一种量度。
这些力可能是：①渐变力②瞬时力③冲击力④不断变化的力⑤温差如果一个机器的关键件损坏，整个机器必须关闭，直到修理好为止。
设计一台新机器时，关键件具有足够的抵抗破坏的能力是非常重要的。
设计者应尽可能准确地确定所有的性质、大小、方向及作用点。
机器设计不是这样，但精确的科学是这样，因此很难准确地确定所有力。
中国地质大学长城学院本科毕业设计外文资料翻译系别：工程技术系专业：机械设计制造及其自动化姓名：孙亚鑫学号： 052116222015 年 4 月 1 日外文原文No-tillage drillIt is a significative mission for the persons majoring in agriculture mechanics to spread conservation agriculture, especially in the region adopting the double cropping mode. The culture condition in these areas gives some special problem to drill. For example, it is pressing to plant wheat as the follow course of maize; At that time the stalks cover is so heavy and the stalks are so flexile that the block is serious; The bushy maize root makes the earth surface too rough to drill in the no-tillage procedure; And seed bareness is familiar when adopting machines with gravity-root-broken mechanisms, etc. Presently, most native or foreign no-tillage drill can not finish the work smoothly. Designing and manufacturing row-controlled no-tillage wheat drill have been recited in this article based on the analysis and studies of the intention and principles of the conservation tillage.Nowadays the core problem is anti-blocking in the research and design of no-tillage planters domestic and abroad. Although many agricultural machine experts have made some progress, the anti-blocking problem is not solved in grain. Based on it, through classifying and analyzing the anti-blocking equipment used by no-tillage planters and its principle, contrasting their respective strongpoint and shortcoming, in the light of the mulching stalk property and the contrast of two kinds of cutting methods, the radical theory and general framework project of the sliding cutting type anti-blocking equipment are worked out.A new-concept of no-till wheat planter, named 2BMD-12 no-till row-follow wheat planter, had been developed by China Agricultural University to solve an extremely important problem which is zero tillage planting of wheat in narrow row spacing (150-200mm) between rows of very high-levels full length, standing maize stubble in one pass in the double cropping situation of North China. A powered rotary strip-chopping unit was placed forward of each single row of planter tines to ensure that the above-ground section of the planter tine is kept free from residue blockage. Field performance test of the machine demonstrated that it could be a good choice to work effectively for much of the time under more diffcult residue conditions than that most other planters could tolerate especially when it follows well between the standing maize stubble rows.But there are still some problems existing for the rotary strip-chopping unit, planting unit and ground wheels etc. The thesis focused on improving the design of the machine to solve these problems.(1)The strip-chopping axis was redesigned to reduce vibration and power consumption by adjusting the arrangement of the knives and on the basis of analyzing the forces on the axis. The improved machine can adapt to maize row spacing from 500mm to 700mm.(2)More improvements were done on the planning unit focusing on the blockage and depth control issues. A new anti-blockage mechanism, which combines the powered chopping and disc opener, was designed and tested. Fertilizer was applied using the narrow tine opener with chopping unit in front of each tine; while a double disc opener, which is proved to have highresidue handling capacity, was installed right behind each tine to seed into the fertilizer furrow. This new design reduced the blockage between planting units. Meanwhile seeding depth of each row can be controlled separately by the ground feeling mechanism on each double-disc opener.So do the mode analysis in the finite element analysis software ANSYS and make appropriate remedy for the main frame and the main shaft. Get a compact firm steady model in the software interface.The block can be eliminated when the knives of pulverizes run through the abutted furrow opener stems. The problem of rough seeding bed is avoided in the use of row controlled method. It is more appropriate to the definition of conservative tillage for disturbing less soil. Seeding and fertilization can be finished in the single course in the field with average cover degree of 4kg/㎡. and all maize standing. It can save time, increase soil fertility, lessen the working procedure to use the drill. Finally, it will reduce the agriculture input.外文资料翻译译文免耕播种机在我国广大一年两熟地区大力推广保护性耕作是目前该地区农机工作者的重要任务之一，其意义深远。
农业英语词汇大全了解农业科技的发展农业是人类社会最基本的产业之一，而随着科技的发展，农业也得到了很大的改进和提升。
了解农业科技的发展对于农业从业人员和农业爱好者来说都是十分重要的。
本文将介绍一些与农业相关的英语词汇，帮助读者更好地了解农业科技的发展。
一、农业机械化技术（Agricultural Mechanization Technology）1. 拖拉机（Tractor）- 农业机械化的核心设备之一，用于耕种、收割、运输等。
2. 播种机（Seeder）- 用于将种子均匀地撒在土地上。
3. 收割机（Harvester）- 用于收割农作物，如小麦、玉米等。
二、农业生产与管理（Agricultural Production and Management）1. 灌溉系统（Irrigation System）- 用于给农田进行定量的供水，提高农作物的产量和质量。
2. 施肥（Fertilization）- 给土壤中的植物提供营养以促进其生长。
3. 病虫害防治（Pest and Disease Control）- 采用合理的方法预防和控制病虫害对作物的损害。
三、农产品加工与贮藏（Agricultural Product Processing and Storage）1. 食品加工（Food Processing）- 对农产品进行加工，如面粉加工、果汁加工等。
2. 冷藏技术（Refrigeration Technology）- 用于保持农产品的新鲜度和延长其贮藏期限。
3. 真空包装（Vacuum Packaging）- 通过排除包装中的空气，减少细菌和氧气对食品的影响。
四、农业环境与资源保护（Agricultural Environmental and Resource Protection）1. 土壤保持（Soil Conservation）- 采取措施保护和改善土壤的质量，减少土壤侵蚀。
2. 水资源保护（Water Resource Protection）- 合理利用水资源，防止水污染和水体退化。
Seed Sowing MachineNikalesh Vaidya1, Vipin Choudhari2, Manoj Balchanne3, Chaitanya Patil4, Shubham Muley5, AshwinThakare6, Dr.Atul Waghmare71, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 student, KDK College of Engineering Umrer7professor, KDK College of Engineering UmrerAbstract-The basic objective of showing operation is to put the seed and fertilizer in rows at desired depth and seed to seed spacing, cover the seeds with soil and provide proper compaction over the seed. The recommended row to row spacing, seed rate, seed to seed spacing and depth of seed placement vary from crop to crop and for different agro-climatic conditions to achieve optimum yields. The comparison between the traditional sowing method and the new proposed machine which can perform a number of simultaneous operations and has a number of advantages. As day by day the labor availability becomes the great concern for the farmers and labor cost is more, this machine reduces the efforts and total cost of sowing the seeds and fertilizer placement.I. INTRODUCTIONSeed sowing machine is a device which helps in the sowing of seeds in the desired position hence assisting the farmers in saving time and money. The basic objective of sowing operation is to put the seed and seed in rows at desired depth and seed to seed spacing, cover the seeds with soil and provide proper compaction over the seed. The paper discusses different aspects of seed sowing machine which will be helpful for the agriculture industry to move towards mechanization. The agricultural industry has always been the backbone of India’s sustained growth. As the population of India continues to grow, the demand for produce grows as well. Hence, there is a greater need for Multiple cropping on the farms and this, in turn, requires efficient and high-capacity machines. Mechanization of the Agricultural industry in India is still in a stage of infancy due to the lack of knowledge and the unavailability of advanced tools and machinery. In traditional methods seed sowing is done by broadcasting manually, opening furrows by a plough and dropping seeds by hand. The agricultural has always been the backbone of India’s sustained growth. As the population of India continues to grow, the demand for produce grows as well. Hence, there is a greater need for multiple cropping in the farms and this, in turn, requires efficient and time-saving machines. The paper discusses different types of seed sowing machine which will be helpful for the agriculture industry to move towards mechanization. Traditional Sowing Methods: Traditional methods include broadcasting manually, opening furrows by a country plough and dropping seeds by hand and dropping seeds in the furrow through a bamboo/metal funnel attached to a country plough. For sowing in small areas dibbling i.e., making holes or slits by a stick or tool and dropping seeds by hand, is practiced. Multi row traditional seeding devices with manual metering of seeds are quite popular with experienced farmers. In manual seeding, it is not possible to achieve uniformity in distribution of seeds. A farmer may sow at desired seed rate but inter-row and intra-row distribution of seeds are likely to be uneven resulting in bunching and gaps in the field. Traditional sowing methods have following limitations:ble to achieve uniformity in distribution of seeds.-row and intra-row distribution of seeds are likely to be uneven resulting in bunching and gaps in field Poor control over depth of seed placement. Labor requirement is high because two persons are required for dropping seed and seed. The effect of inaccuracies in seed placement on plant stand is greater in the case of crops India is set to be an agricultural based country approximately 75% of the population of India is dependent on farming directly or indirectly. Our farmers are using the same methods and equipment for the ages. E.g. seed sowing, spraying, weeding etc. There is a need for the development of effective spraying and weeding machine for increasing the productivity. Most of thedeveloping countries of Asia have the problem of high population and low level of land productivity as compared to the developed nations. One of the main reasons for It is now realized the world over that in order to meet the food requirements of the growing population and rapid industrialization, modernization of agriculture is inescapable. It is said that on many farms, production suffers because of improper seedbed preparation and delayed sowing, harvesting, and threshing. Mechanization enables the conservation of inputs through precision in metering ensuring better distribution, reducing quantity needed for better response and prevention of losses or wastage of inputs applied.WORKINGWhen a worker pull wheel rotate. Bevel gear is attached to the wheel shaft, Bevel gears transmit power between two intersecting shafts at any angle or between non- intersecting shafts. They are classified as straight and spiral tooth bevel and hypoid gears. When intersecting shafts are connected by gears, the pitch cones (analogous to the pitch cylinders of spur and helical gears) are tangent along an element, with their apexes at the intersection of the shafts where two bevel gears are in mesh. The size and shape of the teeth are defined at the large end, where they intersect the back cones. Pitch cone and back cone elements are perpendicular to each other.As the motion is transmitted by the gear to the shaft and disk is mounted on the shaft, the disk consist of number of holes, the number of the holes are depends on requirement. Two funnel are used in which seeds can feel, when the end of funnel become coaxial with hole on the disk the seeds from funnel fall down and insert in pipe and from pipe to soil. Also when the end of funnel becomes on plane portion the seeds from the funnel will not come out. In this way the seeds can sow at the required distance.ADVANTAGES1.To manufacture seed sowing machine which canbe operated by the single operator.2.To set fertilizer with sowed seed.3.To level the ground in small extent.4.To enable the machine for the sowing of severalof seed like maize, wheat etc.5.To maintain the same distance between twoseeds at the time of sowing process.SCOPESeed sowing machine is a device which helps in the sowing of seeds in the desired position hence assisting the farmers in saving time and money. So considering these points related to spraying and seed sowing an attempt is made to design and fabricate such equipment which will able to perform both the operations more efficiently and also will result in low cost. Decrease the operational cost by using new mechanism.∙Work reliably under different working conditions.∙Decrease the cost of the machine.∙Decrease labor cost by advancing the spraying method.∙The machine can be operated in the small farming land (1 acre).∙Making such a machine which can be able to perform both the operation.METHODOLOGYSSeed sowing an attempt is made to design and fabricate such equipment which will able to perform the operations more efficiently and also will result in low. Now the project mainly concentrates on designing a suitable operating system. To maintain simplicity and economy in the design the locally fabricated unit has been used. Our project achieves higher safety, reduces human effort, increases the efficiency, reduces the workload, reduces the fatigue of workers and reduces maintenance cost .In our country farming is done by the traditional way,besides that there is the large development of industrial and service sector as compared to that of agriculture. The spraying is traditionally done by labor carrying backpack type which requires more human effort.SPECIFICATIONThe help of Bulls which becomes costly for farmers having small farming land. So to overcome these above two problems, we tried to eliminate these problems and designed the equipment which will be beneficial to the farmer for the spraying and weeding operations. When the equipment is pushed forward by using handles, the front wheel rotates and the gear is mounted on the axle of the wheel is start to rotate and its rotation is then transferred to the pinion through the chain drive. The rotary motion of the pinion is converted into the reciprocating motion by the single slider crank mechanism, due to this arrangement the connecting rod moves upward and downward which then reciprocate the piston of the single acting reciprocating pump mounted at the top of the storage tank. During the upward motion of the connecting rod the pesticide is drawn into the pump and during the downward motion of connecting rod the pesticide is forced to the delivery valve, the delivery is connected to the pipe carrying the number of nozzles. Improved seed-cum-seed drills are provided with seed and seed boxes, metering mechanism, furrow openers, covering devices, frame, ground drive system and controls for variation of seed and seed rates.DESIGN DATA:Velocity ratio =2NO. of teeth on pinion = 25NO. of teeth on gear = 50Diameter of wheel = 300mmCircumference of wheel = 3.1415*300 = 942.4FORMULA:Distance for seed drop = Circumference of wheelNo. of holes*velocity ratio Therefore the distance between two seeds after drop = 235 mmMaterial of gear and pinion as cast iron, high grade.CONCLUSIONInnovative Seed sowing equipments has remarkable influence in agriculture. By using innovative seed sowing equipments we can save more time required for seeding process. And also it reduces lot of laborer cost. It is very helpful for small scale formers.R EFERENCES[1]Mahesh. R. Pundkar and A. K. Mahalle, “ASeed-Sowing Machine: A Review” International Journal of Engineering and Social Science, Volume3, Issue3, Pp-68-74[2]Laukik P. Raut, Smit B. Jaiswal and Nitin Y.Mohite, “Design, development, and fabrication of agricultural pesticides. with weeder”, International Journal of Applied Research and Studies, 2013, Volume 2, Issue 11, Pp-1-8[3] D. Ramesh and H. P. Girishkumar, “AgricultureSeed Sowing Equipment: A Review”, International Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology Research, 2014, Volume 3, Issue 7, Pp-1987-1992[4]Pranil V. Sawalakhe, Amit Wandhare, AshishSontakke, Bhushan Patil, Rakesh Bawanwade and Saurabh Kurjekar, “Solar Powered Seed Sowing Machine”, Global Journal of Advanced Research, Vol-2, Issue-4, Pp-712-717。
中国地质大学长城学院本科毕业设计外文资料翻译系别：工程技术系专业：机械设计制造及其自动化姓名：黄晓鹏学号： 052116322015 年 4 月 28 日外文资料翻译译文公元前1世纪，中国已推广使用耧，这是世界上最早的条播机具，今仍在北方旱作区应用。
1636年在希腊制成第一台播种机。
1830 年俄国人在畜力多铧犁上制成犁播机。
1860年后，英美等国开始大量生产畜力谷物条播机。
20世纪后相继出现了牵引和悬挂式谷物条播机，以及运用气力排种的播种机。
50年代发展精密播种机。
中国从20世纪50年代引进了谷物条播机、棉花播种机等。
60年代先后研制成悬挂式谷物播种机、离心式播种机、通用机架播种机和气吸式播种机等多种类型，并研制成磨纹式排种器。
到70年代，已形成播种中耕通用机和谷物联合播种机两个系列，同时研制成功了精密播种机。
欧洲第一台播种机于1636年在希腊制成。
1830年，俄国人在畜力多铧犁上加装播种装置制成犁播机。
英、美等国在1860年以后开始大量生产畜力谷物条播机。
20世纪以后相继出现了牵引和悬挂式谷物条播机，以及运用气力排种的播种机。
1958年挪威出现第一台离心式播种机，50年代以后逐步发展各种精密播种机。
中国在20世纪50年代从国外引进谷物条播机、棉花播种机等，60年代先后研制成功悬挂式谷物播种机、离心式播种机、通用机架播种机和气吸式播种机等多种机型,并研制成功了磨纹式排种器。
到70年代,已形成播种中耕通用机和谷物联合播种机两个系列并投入生产。
供谷物、中耕作物、牧草、蔬菜用的各种条播机和穴播机都已得到推广使用。
与此同时，还研制成功了多种精密播种机。
播种机的使用方法播种机具有播种均匀、深浅一致、行距稳定、覆土良好、节省种子、工作效率高等特点。
正确使用播种机应注意掌握以下10要点：1 进田作业前的保养要清理播种箱内的杂物和开沟器上的缠草、泥土，确保状态良好，并对拖拉机及播种机的各传动、转动部位，按说明书的要求加注润滑油，尤其是每次作业前要注意传动链条润滑和张紧情况以及播种机上螺栓的紧固情况。
【初入托福必备】托福词汇之听力常见的农业词汇对于托福听力考试而言，其测试的主要目的是考查考生在自然英语语境中的适应力和理解力，而在这其中相关词汇量的掌握又是占了一个很大的比例。
那么，在以下内容中我们就为大家带来托福听力常见听力词汇分类汇总，希望能为大家的备考带来帮助。
agriculture (farming) 农业 agricultural 农业的 land (soil) 土壤;土地 soil conservation土壤保护 soil erosion 泥土流失 silt 粉砂，泥沙 clay 黏土，湿土 clod 土块 agrarian 土地的，农业的 pilot(experimental ) 试验性的 harrow( rake) 耙，耙土 ridge 田埂 furrow 犁沟 plot (patch)小块地ranch农场，牧场 plantation 种植园 orchard 果园 nursery 苗圃seedbed 苗床 sickle 镰刀 spade 铲，锹 shovel (平头) 铲 pick 稿 tractor 拖拉机 cultivate(till) 耕作 sow(seed) 播种 harvest 收割 weed 除草 irrigate 灌溉 manure(fertilizer) 肥料spray 喷洒(农药) insecticide(pesticide)杀虫剂 pest 害虫 rust 锈病 grain (cereal) 谷物，谷粒granary(grain store) 粮仓 mill 碾，磨 wheat 小麦 corn 玉米 rice 大米 barley 大麦 sorghum 高粱oats燕麦 rye 黑麦 millet 粟，小米 vegetable 蔬菜 horticulture 园艺学 hydroponics 水栽法，营养液栽培法greenhouse(glasshouse, hotbed) 温室 cabbage 洋白菜 lettuce 生菜 mustard 芥菜 spinach 菠菜broccoli 花椰菜 cucumber 黄瓜 eggplant 茄子 pepper 辣椒 pumpkin 南瓜 tomato 西红柿 beet甜菜carrot 胡萝卜 radish 小红萝卜 pea 豌豆 soybean 大豆 celery 芹菜 garlic 大蒜 leek 韭菜onion 洋葱头potato 土豆 peanut 花生 sesame 芝麻 cotton 棉花 husbandry (animal husbandry) 畜牧业pasture牧场 livestock 家畜 fowl (poultry) 家禽 cattle 牛，家畜 buffalo 野牛 dairy (dairy cattle) 奶牛dairy farm 乳牛场 hay (作饲料用)干草 haystack 干草堆 fodder (feed) 饲料 trough 饲料槽barn(shed)牲口槽 stable 厩，马厩 cowshed 牛棚 pigpen (hog pen, pigsty) 猪圈 sheepfold (sheep pen) 羊栏roost (hen house) 鸡舍 fish farm 养鱼场 aquaculture 水产养殖。
步行隐藏式手扶纸钵育苗蔬菜移栽机的开展一个9. 75千瓦电力步行式2行全自动蔬菜插秧机，局部纸钵育苗手动拖拉机开发电源可用，纸钵的尺寸和空间在手扶拖拉机的可用性在旋耕机耕作总成的彻底去除。
它包括两套投料输送机，计量输送机，育苗落管，沟开门红，覆土装置，自动送料机构，深度调整轮和搭上安排。
水平板条型链式输送机被用作进料输送机，而横推式链式输送机那么作为计成输送。
自动送料机构，与时序轴，凸轮，离合器，用于协调喂养和计量输送协调工作。
蔬菜插秧机在两个进料输送机垂直方向输送108苗，喂它们的计量输送，并种植在沟的直立方向。
蔬菜插秧机的性能是通过在45X45cm的空间，现场0. 9km/h 的速度移栽番茄来进行评估的。
现场插秧机的实地能力被评定为0.026公顷每小时。
这就在传统的手工插秧方法的根底上节省了68%的劳动力和80%的时间。
插秧机的种植率被认为是4%的遗漏率和5%的种植倾斜种植率之内每分钟32盆育苗栽培。
兴旺国家的蔬菜插秧机的土壤覆盖效率约为81%,移栽质虽是令人满意的。
1.简介印度是世界第二大蔬菜生产国，生产129万吨,20XX-20XX年度产量16. 2吨/公顷（印度政府，20XX年）。
约175种蔬菜，包括82个田地的蔬菜和41根（块茎和鳞茎）作物生长在印度（兰德哈瓦，1998年；萨布拉马尼，的瓦拉达拉，Asokan的.2000 年）。
大局部蔬菜，如瓜类，豆类，秋葵和叶菜类蔬菜在LU间直接播种。
有的蔬菜比方番茄，茄子，辣椒等蔬菜是先播种在苗圃育苗然后人工移植到山脊或准备良好的苗床（加伊阿罗拉，2007年）。
手动移栽是劳动密集，价格昂贵，费时而且常常导致非均匀的植物分布。
2排和3排半挂式半自动蔬菜插秧机已在印度的裸根苗和插头领域开展。
袖珍式计量装置已在裸根苗的移栽领域得到应用。
田地的能力和劳动力的需求己报告为0. 082-0. 092公顷每小时和44. 4每人每公顷,分别在0. 8-1.0公里每小时的前进速度。
农业播种设备论文由埃里希·舒尔茨，C.E.T.农业工程技术人员农业食品部发表农业播种设备介绍播种设备的功能的基本定义是：以规定的速度和深度将种子均匀的分布在潮湿的土壤中，然后压实土壤层以覆盖这些种子，并且不能损坏种子。
大量的播种单元被设计和制造来完成这一功能，我们的目的是总结一些可供选用的农业实践行为。
进行播种前，我们必须准备合适的土壤介质以供支持植物。
这些年来，我们都听闻了一系列的关于土壤性质，特性和怎样获取满意的苗床发芽的研究报告。
简单的说，它们是：好的肥力，合适的温度，足够的空气，充足的水分与种子和土壤表面之间的一个适当的允许由特殊种子萌发的渗透土壤层。
种子发芽所需要的能量在不同的土壤中存在巨大的不同。
草类种子因为发芽所需能力很小，所以必须接近土层表面，但是它们也需要足够的水分。
如果种植的很深以便保障水分，它们可能不能发芽到土层表面。
充足的阳光是有利于幼芽的直立生长的，因为它能保证水分并且不对幼芽的生长产生阻碍。
具有良好可耕性的土壤和土壤的聚集程度是最重要的基础因素。
土壤的高聚集程度提供了：根部的自由发育和渗透，最大化的为植物需要供应的水分，阻止因降雨而破坏土，防御性的密封功能和允许最大的进水量并减少由于径流量产生的侵蚀。
播种机的特点从各种不同的统计表格中可以看出，大多数播种器有着精确播种的计量方法。
它们必须使用开沟器将种子放在所需的深度，有一些播种机会将种子用土壤盖住并夯实以保证土壤和种子有最大的接触面积。
许多不同的方法被用于计量种子的种植，它们的使用取决于种子的特性和所需的间距。
常用的机械计量机构是：a）可调孔式搅拌器b）送料槽c）双向送料d）杯型送料e）垂直板送料f）斜板送料g）水平种子板最常用的播种机制是双向送料反馈系统，主要是因为它们可以适应不同大小的种子和相对容易调整的速度。
开沟器必须将种子放在所需的深度并保证最小程度的分散。
许多的类型被运用到播种机当中，最普遍的是：a)锄头和铲子型机构b)单圆盘型机构c)双圆盘型机构d)模座型机构e)轮型机构单盘或双圆盘开沟器在播种设备中是最常用的旋耕机构，它们可以在较高的速度和较深的深度条件下通过调整轮精确的控制。
农业机械化机械与电子工程学院College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering农业机械化Agricultural Mechanization陕西理工学院Shaanxi University of Technology机械工程学院College of Mechanical Engineering机械设计Machine Design机械原理Theory and Design of Mechanisms and Machines工程材料Engineering Materials材料力学Material Mechanics理论力学Theoretical Mechanics高等数学Advanced Mathematics电工电子学Electronics in Electrical Engineering液压与气压传动Hydraulic [haɪˈdrɔ：lɪk] and atmospheric pressure transmission 数控机床Numerical Control Machines金属切削Metal Cutting机械制造技术基础：Mechanical Manufacturing Fundamental农业机械agricultural machine农业设备agricultural equipment收获机harvester播种机seeder除草机weedershovel 铁锹spade 铲hoe 锄weeding hoe 除草锄mechanical hoe 动力锄rake 搂草机fork 叉子hayfork, pitchfork 干草叉scythe 大钐刀sickle 镰刀flail 连枷billhook，brushhook 钩镰（field)roller 滚压器plough 犁(美作：plow）ridging plough，ridger 起垄犁weeding machine 除草机weeder，weeding hook 除草锄weeding fork 除草叉disc harrow 圆盘耙clod crusher 碎土块机tractor 拖拉机sprinkler 喷水器，人工降雨器manure spreader 撒肥机fertilizer distributor 化肥撒肥机rotovator 中耕机（美作:cultivator）planter 种植机disk harrow 圆盘耙cotton picker 摘棉机potato harvester 马铃薯收割机seeder, broadcaster 播种机seed drill, drilling machine 条播机mower 割草机（power）mower 动力割草机harvester, reaper 收割机combine (harvester) 联合收割机binder 捆束机bale loader 装草机harvesting machinery 收割机械threshing machine，thresher 脱粒机winnower，winnowing machine 风选机sheafer 束禾机grader, sorter 分类机,分级机sieve 细筛winepress 葡萄榨汁机milking machine 挤奶机churn 搅乳器。
我发明了自动播种机300字英语作文English Answer:Headline: Revolutionary Auto-Seeder Transforms Agricultural Productivity.The agricultural sector has witnessed a groundbreaking innovation with the introduction of the Auto-Seeder, a state-of-the-art machine that automates the laborious task of seed planting. Designed to enhance efficiency and productivity, the Auto-Seeder offers a myriad of benefits that revolutionize the farming landscape.Precision Seeding for Optimal Growth:The Auto-Seeder boasts an array of advanced sensors and algorithms that meticulously calculate the ideal seed spacing and depth for each crop. This precision ensures optimal seed placement, promoting uniform germination and maximizing yields. By precisely controlling theseparameters, the Auto-Seeder eliminates human error and variability, ensuring consistent crop establishment.Unmatched Efficiency and Cost Savings:The automated nature of the Auto-Seeder significantly reduces labor requirements, freeing up farmers for other critical tasks. This time-saving feature translates into substantial cost savings, allowing farmers to allocatetheir resources more efficiently. Furthermore, themachine's high-capacity seed hopper minimizes downtime for refilling, maximizing operational efficiency.Versatile Adaptation for Diverse Crops:The Auto-Seeder's versatility extends to a wide range of crops, from delicate vegetables to hardy grains. Its adjustable settings accommodate different seed sizes and soil conditions, making it a valuable asset for diverse farming operations. This versatility empowers farmers to plant multiple crops with ease, optimizing land utilization and crop diversification.Environmental Sustainability:Precision seeding promotes efficient use of seeds, minimizing waste and reducing the need for chemical interventions. Additionally, the Auto-Seeder's reduced soil disturbance limits erosion and promotes soil health. By embracing sustainable practices, the machine contributes to the long-term viability of agricultural ecosystems.User-Friendly Interface for Seamless Operation:The Auto-Seeder is designed with an intuitive user interface that simplifies operation. Farmers caneffortlessly program the machine with desired settings, monitor progress, and troubleshoot any issues that arise. This user-friendly design enables seamless integration into existing farming practices, ensuring a smooth transitionfor farmers of all skill levels.中文回答：标题，自动播种机革命性地改变了农业生产力。
