高中英语(高升专)机考复习模拟题库2

高中英语会考模拟试题一、听力部分（共20分）A. 对话理解（每题1分，共5分）1. What does the man want to do?A. Go to the library.B. Return the book.C. Borrow a book.2. What is the weather like today?A. Sunny.B. Rainy.C. Cloudy.3. How does the woman feel about the concert?A. Excited.B. Bored.C. Disappointed.4. What time will the meeting start?A. At 2:00 pm.B. At 2:30 pm.C. At 3:00 pm.5. Why is the man not going to the party?A. He has to work.B. He is not invited.C. He is sick.B. 短文理解（每题2分，共10分）Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to each question.6. What is the main topic of the passage?A. The importance of education.B. The benefits of traveling.C. The challenges of technology.7. According to the speaker, what is the first step to success?A. Setting goals.B. Taking action.C. Being persistent.8. What does the speaker suggest for improving memory?A. Writing things down.B. Repeating information.C. Using mnemonic devices.9. Why does the speaker believe in the power of positive thinking?A. It can change one's attitude.B. It can attract opportunities.C. It can improve health.10. What advice does the speaker give for achieving goals?A. Break them into smaller tasks.B. Focus on the end result.C. Share them with others.C. 听力填空（每题1分，共5分）Listen to the dialogue and fill in the blanks with thecorrect information.11. The woman is going to the _______ to buy a gift for her friend.12. The man suggests buying a _______ because it is practical.13. The woman thinks a _______ would be a better choice.14. The man agrees that a _______ is more thoughtful.15. They decide to go to the _______ to find the perfect gift.二、阅读部分（共30分）A. 阅读理解（每题2分，共20分）Read the following passages and answer the questions.Passage 1The Benefits of Reading16. What are the benefits of reading according to the passage?A. Enhancing imagination and vocabulary.B. Improving memory and concentration.C. Both A and B.17. What does the author suggest for selecting books to read?A. Reading bestsellers only.B. Exploring different genres.C. Sticking to one favorite genre.18. How does the author describe the impact of reading onone's life?A. Life-changing.B. Time-consuming.C. Uninspiring.Passage 2The Impact of Social Media on Teenagers19. What is the main concern of the passage regarding social media?A. The negative effects on mental health.B. The positive effects on communication.C. The potential for educational growth.20. According to the passage, what can parents do to help their teenagers?A. Limit their social media usage.B. Encourage more face-to-face interactions.C. Both A and B.Passage 3The Importance of Environmental Protection21. What is the main message of the passage?A. The need for immediate action to protect the environment.B. The history of environmental movements.C. The economic benefits of environmental protection.22. What does the author suggest as a solution to pollution?A. Stricter laws and regulations.B. Individual lifestyle changes.C. Technological advancements.23. What role does the author believe young people can playin environmental protection?A. Raising awareness.B. Developing new technologies.C. Lobbying for policy changes.B. 完形填空（每题1分，共10分）Read the following passage and fill in the blanks with the most suitable word.24. The _______ of the old building was a great loss to the community.A. preservationB. demolitionC. renovation25. The _______ of the new park has greatly improved thequality of life in the area.A. establishmentB. cancellationC. expansion26. The _______ of the project was delayed due to bad weather.A. completionB. initiationC. inspection27. The _______ of the company's success can be attributed to its innovative approach.A. achievementB. failureC. collapse28. The _______ of the new policy has been met with mixed reactions.A. implementationB. rejectionC. proposal29. The _______ of the old bridge。

Part I Listening Comprehension (25 points)Section A (5 points)Directions: In this section, you will hear 5 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.1. A) He will go to the library.B) He will go to the cinema.C) He will go to the park.D) He will go to the concert.2. A) She has a cold.B) She is feeling well.C) She is tired.D) She is ill.3. A) The man is a doctor.B) The woman is a teacher.C) The man is a student.D) The woman is a nurse.4. A) The man will take a train.B) The woman will take a bus.C) The man will take a plane.D) The woman will take a ship.5. A) The man will go to the party.B) The woman will go to the party.C) Neither of them will go to the party.D) Both of them will go to the party.Section B (20 points)Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. For the third time, you should check what you have written.Passage:The internet has revolutionized the way we communicate and access information. It has become an integral part of our daily lives. Withjust a few clicks, we can connect with people from all over the world, access a vast amount of information, and even work from home. However, along with its benefits, the internet also brings challenges. One of the most significant challenges is information overload. With so much information available, it can be overwhelming to filter through and find what is relevant. Another challenge is privacy. The internet makes it easier for hackers to steal personal information. Additionally, excessive use of the internet can lead to social isolation and other health issues.To mitigate these challenges, it is important to be mindful of our online behavior. We should only share information that is necessary and ensure that our personal data is secure. It is also crucial to maintain a healthy balance between our online and offline lives. By doing so, we can make the most of the internet while minimizing its negative impacts.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 points)Section A (15 points)Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Passage 1The rise of smartphones has significantly changed the way we interact with the world. While these devices offer numerous benefits, such as instant communication and access to information, they also come with a host of negative consequences. One of the most pressing issues is the impact on our attention spans. Studies have shown that the constant use of smartphones can lead to shorter attention spans, making it difficult for individuals to focus on tasks for extended periods.Another concern is the impact on social interactions. While smartphones facilitate communication, they can also lead to social isolation. People may prefer to communicate through text messages and social media rather than engaging in face-to-face interactions. This can lead to a decrease in empathy and understanding among individuals.Despite these challenges, it is important to recognize that smartphones can be a valuable tool when used responsibly. By setting boundaries and limiting screen time, individuals can enjoy the benefits of smartphones while minimizing their negative effects.Questions 1-5:1. What is the main idea of the passage?A) The benefits of smartphones.B) The negative consequences of smartphones.C) The rise of smartphones.D) The impact of smartphones on social interactions.2. What is the author's attitude towards smartphones?A) Positive.B) Negative.C) Neutral.D) Critical.3. How do smartphones affect our attention spans?A) They improve our focus.B) They decrease our attention spans.C) They have no effect on our attention spans.D) They increase our attention spans.4. What is one of the negative consequences of excessive smartphone use?A) Improved communication skills.B) Increased social interactions.C) Social isolation.D) Enhanced problem-solving abilities.5. What can individuals do to mitigate the negative effects of smartphones?A) Use smartphones more frequently.B) Spend more time on social media.C) Set boundaries and limit screen time.D) Ignore the negative consequences.Passage 2Climate change is one of the most pressing issues of our time. TheEarth's temperature has been rising at an alarming rate, leading to a range of environmental and social problems. One of the primary causes of climate change is the burning of fossil fuels, which releases greenhousegases into the atmosphere. These gases trap heat, leading to global warming.To combat climate change, it is crucial to reduce our reliance on fossil fuels and transition to renewable energy sources. This includesinvesting in solar and wind power, as well as developing more efficient transportation systems. Additionally, individuals can make a difference by adopting more sustainable lifestyles, such as reducing energy consumption and recycling.While the challenge of climate change is significant, it is not insurmountable. With collective efforts and a commitment to sustainable practices, we can mitigate the negative impacts of climate change and create a healthier future for generations to come.Questions 6-10:6. What is the main topic of the passage?A) The causes of climate change.B) The effects of climate change.C) Solutions to climate change.D) The history of climate change.7. What is one of the primary causes of climate change?A) Deforestation.B) Overpopulation.C) The burning of fossil fuels.D) Industrial pollution.8. What can individuals do to help combat climate change?A) Increase the use of fossil fuels.B) Deforest large areas of land.C) Reduce energy consumption and recycle.D) Ignore the issue of climate change.9. What is the author's attitude towards climate change?A) Despairing.B) Optimistic.C) Indifferent.D) Cynical.10. What is the ultimate goal of the passage?A) To raise awareness about climate change.B) To provide a comprehensive solution to climate change.C) To discourage the use of renewable energy.D) To argue that climate change is not a significant issue.Section B (20 points)Directions: There is one passage in this section. Read the passage carefully and then answer the questions below.Passage:The global pandemic has had a profound impact on education systems worldwide. Schools and universities have had to adapt quickly to remote learning, which presents both challenges and opportunities. One of the main challenges is ensuring that all students have access to the necessary technology and internet connectivity. This is particularly difficult in rural or underprivileged areas where resources are scarce.Despite these challenges, remote learning has also allowed for greater flexibility in terms of scheduling and location. Students can now attend classes from anywhere in the world, and teachers can reach a wider audience. Additionally, remote learning has highlighted the importanceof digital literacy skills, which are becoming increasingly important in the modern workforce.Questions 11-15:11. What is the main topic of the passage?A) The challenges of remote learning.B) The benefits of remote learning.C) The impact of the global pandemic on education.D) The importance of digital literacy skills.12. What is one of the main challenges of remote learning?A) The availability of technology.B) The quality of education.C) The cost of remote learning.D) The need for face-to-face interaction.13. What is one of the benefits of remote learning mentioned in the passage?A) Increased social interaction.B) Improved academic performance.C) Greater flexibility in scheduling and location.D) Reduced travel time.14. Who is most affected by the challenges of remote learning?A) Wealthy students.B) Students in urban areas.C) Students in rural or underprivileged areas.D) All students equally.15. What is the author's overall impression of remote learning?A) Negative.B) Positive.C) Neutral.D) Ambiguous.Part III Writing (25 points)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the topic given below. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.Topic: The Importance of Physical ExerciseNowadays, people are becoming more aware of the importance of physical exercise. Some people believe that regular exercise is crucial for maintaining good health, while others argue that other factors, such as diet and genetics, play a more significant role. Write an essay in which you:1. State your opinion on this issue.2. Support your opinion with appropriate reasons and examples.3. Suggest ways to encourage more people to engage in physical exercise.Remember to write your essay in an organized manner and to use appropriate language.。

毛额市鹌鹑阳光实验学校高考英语模拟试题（二）第一部分：听力（满分30分）第一节：（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的ABC三个选项中选择出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1.Why won’t the man help the woman?A.He’s going on vacation.B.He can’t be around cats and dogs.C.He has been hired by someone else.2.When does the conversation probably take place?A.In the eveningB. In the afternoonC. In the morning3.What does the man tell the woman?A.Their regular prices are a bargain.B.Their specials are only online.C.Their discounts on tires just ended.4.What does the man probably give to the woman?A.A bunch of flowersB. A necklaceC. A surprise party5.What will the woman do on Saturday night?A.See a filmB. Go out to eatC. Look after her little brother 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的ABC三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

为⼤家整理的2013年成⼈⾼考⾼升专英语模拟试题及答案（⼆），希望对⼤家有所帮助！　Ⅰ. Phonetics (10 points) Directions: In each of following groups of words, there are four underlined letter combinations marked A, B, C and D. Compare underlined parts and identify the one that is different from the others in pronunciation. Mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. 1.A. enough B. about C. touch D. young 2.A. thirsty B. throat C. youth D. those 3.A. shut B. cut C. funny D. use 4.A. thanks B. pills C. news D. films 5.A. dear B. heart C. ear D. tear 6.A. births B. depths C. months D. mouths 7.A. election B. pronunciation C. question D. operation 8.A. hot B. home C. top D. off 9.A. may B. day C. stay D. Sunday 10.A. weigh B. eight C. seize D. daily　Ⅱ. Vocabulary and Structure (40 points) Directions: There are 40 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose one answer that best completes the sentence and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. 11. _______ we won the war.A. In the endB. On the endC. By the endD. At the end 12. As a poor fresh student, he had to do a part-time job _______ money.A. owing toB. because ofC. on account ofD. for the sake of 13. Too much drinking would ______ his health.A. do harm forB. do harmful toC. do harm toD. do harmful for 14. The days _______ you could travel without a passport are a thing of the past.A. in whichB. on whichC. of whichD. at which 15. He insists that he ______ innocent.A. isB. beC. should beD. were 16. The teacher said, “Stop ______”. So we stopped _______.A. to talk…to readB. talking…to readC. talking…readingD. talking…read 17. Could I have some milk, some orange juice, and some eggs ______?A. instead ofB. in additionC. as wellD. so much 18. ______ after his death that he was recognized as a great composer.A. It was not untilB. It is untilC. It was untilD. Not until 19. Our classroom is ______ in the school building.A. bigger than any other oneB. bigger than allC. the biggest of all the othersD. the biggest of any one 20. It was Thomas Alva Edison who ______ the electric lamp.A. discoveredB. inventedC. innovatedD. found 21. I’d like you ______ to see him.A. goB. goingC. to goD. have gone 22. Your coat ______ his.A. likeB. likesC. is likeD. will look like 23. Either you or I _____ meet him at the airport.A. are toB. is toC. am toD. were to 24. Each has an apple, ______?A. has heB. doesn’t heC. does heD. don’t they 25. Sports, ______ perhaps you don’t like very much, may make you strong.A. thatB. whichC. itD. and 26. We should look ______ the matter before we reach a conclusion.A. intoB. forC. toD. at 27. Hospital doctors don’t go out very often as their work _______ all their time.A. takes awayB. takes inC. takes overD. takes up 28. He is ______ to speak the truth.A. too much of a cowardB. too much a cowardC. so much a cowardD. so much of a coward 29. It’s strange that you ______ like that at the meeting.A. should speakB. spokeC. should have spokenD. speak 30. He ______ when the bus came to a sudden stop.A. was almost hurtB. was to hurt himselfC. was hurt himselfD. was hurting himself 31. Mary likes _______ very much, but she didn’t go _______ last Sunday.A. to swim…swimmingB. swimming…to swimC. to swim…to swimD. swimming…swimming 32. More ______, less speed.A. hurryB. rushC. quicknessD. haste 33. ______ with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain doesn’t seem high at all.A. When comparedB. CompareC. While comparingD. Comparing 34. The fact ______ money orders can usually be easily cashed has made them a popular form of payment.A. ofB. is thatC. thatD. which is 35. He is working very hard to ______ the lost time in the past 10 years.A. make forB. make up forC. make upD. make out 36. If a child is absent ______ school for long periods, he should be given extra work.A. atB. inC. fromD. out of 37. Neither of your proposals ________.A. make senseB. are practicalC. makes senseD. make senses 38. It is obvious that there are at least two vitamins. ______ is soluble in fat; _____ is soluble in water.A. The one…the otherB. One…the otherC. One…anotherD. One…the another 39. It’s a good _______ to eat with the mouth closed.A. customB. habitC. wayD. style 40. You ought not to _______ him the news that day.A. tellB. be tellingC. have toldD. be told 41. He attempted _______ to set up a company of his own.A. with vainB. on vainC. in vainD. of vain 42. -“I slipped on the stairs. I think my arm is broken”. -“Oh! I _______.”A. don’t hopeB. hope not soC. do not hopeD. hope not 43. The last man ______ the sinking ship was the captain.A. leftB. leavesC. to be leavingD. to leave 44. One of his many faults is that that he never ______ any thing very long.A. decides onB. sticks toC. goes overD. makes up 45. You are worthy _______ the honour.A. toB. atC. forD. of 46. Billing pitched so well ______ everyone cheered him at the end of the game.A. asB. sinceC. thatD. whereas 47. The _______ of blood always makes him feel sick.A. sightB. viewC. lookD. form 48. A child learns to read by seeing the words _______.A. properlyB. repeatedlyC. repeatlyD. obviously 49. Our friendship is ______ and we will never again be separated.A. restoredB. reservedC. restrainedD. repeated 50. He couldn’t explain the _______ of ten years in his job history.A. gapB. interruptingC. openingD. margin Ⅲ. Cloze (20 points) Directions: For each blank in the following passage, there are four choices given below and marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that is most suitable and mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. Investors can _51_ money simply by loaning it. The money they loan is called capital. Security (担保) is an expensive item which the borrower mortgages (抵押) to the investor to show that he intends to _52_ the debt. The way investors make money on loans is to charge interest. Interest is money that _53_ pay to investors for the use of their money. Interest isusually a certain percentage of the capital. Investors sometimes _54 ten percent or more interest per year. The interest may be calculated daily, monthly, or yearly. The interest must be _55_ before the capital can be repaid. If the interest is not _56_ the agreed rate, the interest is added _57_ the capital. Then the borrower has _58_ pay interest on the unpaid interest _59_ on the capital. A debt can grow quickly this way. If the total of the capital and accumulated interest gets too high, the investor will take _60_ of the item used as security and sell it to get his money back. 51.A. get B. make C. have D. carry 52.A. repay B. leave C. get D. give 53.A. borrowers B. lenders C. peoples D. others 54.A. cost B. ask C. charge D. change 55.A. by day B. by the day C. every day D. daily 56.A. paid B. to be paid C. pay D. paying 57.A. on B. to C. for D. with 58.A. to B. on C. into D onto 59.A. or B. also C. but also D. as well as 60.A. the place B. possession C. turn D. care Ⅳ. Reading Comprehension (60 points) Directions: There are four reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by five questions. For each question there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose one best answer and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. Passage One Students enrolled at least half time may borrow up to $3,000 form the government over a two-year period. Repayment of the loan begins six months after the student leaves school. These loans carry on interest until this time. The current interest rate is 5 percent. Students may borrow up to $4,500 annually from a bank, credit union, savings and loan association or other eligible lender. Repayment on these loans usually begins six months after the student leaves school. These loans carry no interest until this time. This current interest rate is 9 percent. Parents may borrow up to $300 annually for each dependent college. Repayment begins forty-five days after receiving the loan, and the interest rate is 12 percent. 61. Which of the following is the main purpose? To remind students and their families to repay their loan. To compare interest rates. To inform students and parents of the various loans available. To show that government loans charge the least interest. 62. The highest interest rate is charged to _______.A. full-time studentsB. parentsC. students borrowing from a credit unionD. half-time students 63. If parents had three children in college how much could they borrow annually?A. 900B. 3,000C. 300D. 9,000 64. According to the passage which of the following is true. The government lends students enrolled at least half time up to 3,000 annually. Students may borrow up to $4,500 annually from four sources. Students enrolled less than half time may borrow money. The current interest rate from banks is 5 percent. 65. It can be inferred from the passage that _______. the student’s school determines who is an eligible lender money is available for student loans> p b d s f i d = " 1 7 9 " > 0 0 s t u d e n t s n e e d n o t b e e n r o l l e d h a l f t i m e t o b o r r o w m o n e y / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 8 0 " > 0 0 t h e i n t e r e s t r a t e o n s t u d e n t l o a n s i s i n c r e a s i n g / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 8 1 " > 0 0 P a s s a g e T w o / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 8 2 " > 0 0 A r e y o u a w a r e t h a t y o u a c t u a l l y p o s s e s s s i x s e n s e s ? T h e s i x t h i s a m u s c u l a r s e n s e r e s p o n s i b l e f o r d i r e c t i n g y o u r m u s c l e s i n t e l l i g e n t l y t o t h e e x a c t e x t e n t n e c e s s a r y f o r e a c h a c t i o n y o u p e r f o r m . F o r e x a m p l e , w h e n y o u r e a c h f o r a n o b j e c t , t h e s e n s o r y n e r v e s l i n k i n g t h e m u s c l e s t o t h e b r a i n s t o p y o u r h a n d a t t h e c o r r e c t s p o t . T h i s a u t o m a t i c p e r c e p t i o n o f t h e p o s i t i o n o f y o u r m u s c l e s i n r e l a t i o n t o t h e o b j e c t i s y o u r m u s c u l a r s e n s e i n a c t i o n . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 8 3 " > 0 0 M u s c l e s a r e s t r i n g l y b u n d l e s o f f i b e r s v a r y i n g f r o m o n e f i v e - t h o u s a n d t h o f a n i n c h t o a b o u t t h r e e i n c h e s . T h e y h a v e t h r e e u n i q u e c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s , t h e y c a n b e c o m e s h o r t e r a n d t h i c k e r ; t h e y c a n s t r e t c h ; a n d t h e y c a n r e t r a c t t o t h e i r o r i g i n a l p o s i t i o n s . U n d e r a h i g h - p o w e r e d m i c r o s c o p e , m u s c l e t i s s u e i s s e e n a s l o n g , s l e n d e r c e l l s w i t h a g r a i n y t e x t u r e l i k e w o o d . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 8 4 " > 0 0 M o r e t h a n h a l f o f a p e r s o n s b o d y i s c o m p o s e d o f m u s c l e f i b e r s , m o s t o f w h i c h a r e i n v o l u n t a r y - i n o t h e r w o r d s , w o r k w i t h o u t c o n s c i o u s d i r e c t i o n . T h e v o l u n t a r y m u s c l e s , t h o s e t h a t w e m o v e c o n s c i o u s l y t o p e r f o r m p a r t i c u l a r a c t i o n s , n u m b e r m o r e t h a n f i v e h u n d r e d . W o m e n h a v e o n l y 6 0 t o 7 0 p e r c e n t a s m u c h m u s c l e a s m e n f o r t h e i r b o d y m a s s . T h a t i s w h y a n a v e r a g e w o m a n c a n t l i f t a s m u c h , t h r o w a s f a r , o r h i t a s h a r d a s a n a v e r a g e m a n . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 8 5 " > 0 0 6 6 . A c c o r d i n g t o t h e s e l e c t i o n , t h e m u s c u l a r s e n s e i s r e s p o n s i b l e f o r _ _ _ _ _ _ . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 8 6 " > 0 0 A . t h e e f f i c i e n c y o f o u r m u s c l e s B . t h e n o r m a l b r e a t h i n g f u n c t i o n / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 8 7 " > 0 0 C . d i r e c t i n g o u r m u s c l e s i n t e l l i g e n t l y D . t h e w o r k o f o n l y o u r i n v o l u n t a r y m u s c l e s / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 8 8 " > 0 0 6 7 . I n t e l l i g e n t u s e o f t h e m u s c l e s m e a n s t h a t _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 8 9 " > 0 0 o n e a l w a y s k n o w s w h a t h i s m u s c l e s a r e d o i n g / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 9 0 " > 0 0 o n e p e r f o r m s s i m p l e a c t i o n s w h i t h o u t w o r k i n g / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 9 1 " > 0 0 o n e s m u s c l e s a r e u s e d o n l y t o t h e e x t e n t n e c e s s a r y f o r e a c h a c t i o n t h e y p e r f o r m / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 9 2 " > 0 0 o n e i m p r o v e s m u s c u l a r a c t i o n c o n s c i o u s l y / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 9 3 " > 0 0 6 8 . M u s c l e s a r e u n i q u e f i b e r s b e c a u s e , t h e y c a n _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 9 4 " > 0 0 A . c o n t r a c t B . s t r e t c h C . r e t r a c t D . d o a l l o f t h e a b o v e / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 9 5 " > 0 0 6 9 . U n d e r a m i c r o s c o p e , m u s c l e c e l l s a p p e a r t o b e _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 9 6 " > 0 0 A . t e x t u r e d l i k e w o o d B . c o l o r e d l i k e w o o d / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 9 7 " > 0 0 C . s m o o t h a n d r e d D . s h o r t a n d t h i c k / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 9 8 " > 0 0 7 0 . A c c o r d i n g t o t h e s e l e c t i o n m o r e t h a n h a l f o f a p e r s o n s b o d y i s c o m p o s e d o f _ _ _ _ _ _ . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 9 9 " > 0 0 A . v o l u n t a r y m u s c l e s B . i n v o l u n t a r y m u s c l e s / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 0 0 " > 0 0 C . m u s c l e f i b e r s D . s e n s o r y n e r v e s / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 0 1 " > 0 0 T h e l a r g e p a r t w h i c h w a r p l a y e d i n E n g l i s h a f f a i r s i n t h e M i d d l e - A g e s , t h e f a c t t h a t t h e c o n t r o l o f t h e a r m y a n d n a v y w a s i n t h e h a n d s o f t h o s e t h a t s p o k e F r e n c h , a n d t h e c i r c u m s t a n c e s t h a t m u c h o f E n g l i s h f i g h t i n g w a s d o n e i n F r a n c e a l l r e s u l t e d i n t h e i n t r o d u c t i o n i n t o E n g l i s h o f a n u m b e r o f F r e n c h m i l i t a r y t e r m s . T h e a r t o f w a r h a s u n d e r g o n e s u c h c h a n g e s s i n c e t h e b a t t l e s o f H a s t i n g s , L e w e s , a n d A g i n c o u r t t h a t m a n y w o r d s o n c e c o m m o n a r e n o w o n l y i n h i s t o r i c a l u s e . T h e i r p l a c e s h a v e b e e n t a k e n b y l a t e r b o r r o w i n g s , o f t e n l i k e w i s e f r o m F r e n c h , m a n y o f t h e m b e i n g w o r d s a c q u i r e d b y t h e F r e n c h i n t h e c o u r s e o f t h e i r w a r s i n I t a l y d u r i n g t h e s i x t e e n t h c e n t u r y . Y e t w e s t i l l u s e F r e n c h w o r d s o f t h e M i d d l e A g e s w h e n w e s p e a k o f t h e a r m y a n d t h e n a v y , o f p e a c e , e n e m y , b a t t l e , s o l d i e r , g u a r d a n d s p y , a n d w e h a v e k e p t t h e n a m e s o f o f f i c e r s s u c h a s c a p t a i n a n d s e r g e a n t . S o m e o f t h e F r e n c h t e r m s w e r e i n t r o d u c e d i n t o E n g l i s h b e c a u s e t h e y w e r e n e e d e d t o e x p r e s s a n e w o b j e c t o r a n e w i d e a . I n o t h e r c a s e s a F r e n c h a n d a n a t i v e E n g l i s h w o r d f o r t h e s a m e t h i n g e x i s t e d s i d e b y s i d e . S o m e t i m e s o n e o r t h e o t h e r h a s s i n c e b e e n l o s t f r o m t h e l a n g u a g e ; b u t s o m e t i m e s b o t h t h e b o r r o w e d a n d t h e n a t i v e w o r d h a v e b e e n s t i l l i n c o m m o n u s e . / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 0 2 " > 0 0 7 1 . T h e m a i n i d e a o f t h i s p a s s a g e i s t h a t _ _ _ _ _ _ . / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 0 3 " > 0 0 m o s t o f t o d a y s c o m m o n E n g l i s h m i l i t a r y t e r m s d a t e d f r o m t h e s i x t e e n t h c e n t u r y o r l a t e r / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 0 4 " > 0 0 a s t u d y o f t h e E n g l i s h v o c a b u l a r y sh o w s t h e i m p o r t a n t p a r t w h i c h w a r h a s p l a y e d i n t h e h i s t o r y o f E n g l a n d / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 0 5 " >0 0 m a n y F r e n c h w o r d s b o r r o w e d i n t o E n g l i s h d u r i n g t h e M i d d l e A g e s h a v e s i n c e d i s a p p e a r e d f r o m t h e l a n g u a g e / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 0 6 " > 0 0 m a n y m i l i t a r y t e r m s u s e d i n E n g l i s h w e r e o r i g i n a l l y b o r r o w e d f r o m F r e n c h , s o m e a s e a r l y a s t h e M i d d l e A g e s / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 0 7 " > 0 0 7 2 .A l l o f t h e f o l l o w i n g h a v e s o m e t h i n g t o d o w i t h t h e i n t r o d u c t i o n i n t o E n g l i s h o f m a n y F r e n c h m i l i t a r y t e r m s e x c e p t t h a t _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 0 8 " > 0 0 w a r p l a y e d a n i m p o r t a n t p a r t i n E n g l i s h a f f a i r s i n t h e M i d d l e A g e s / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 0 9 " > 0 0 t h e E n g l i s h a r m y a n d n a v y w e r e c o n t r o l l e d b y t h o s e w h o s p o k e F r e n c h i n t h e w a r b e t w e e n E n g l a n d a n d F r a n c e / p > p b d s f i d = "2 1 0 " > 0 0 F r a n c e i n v a d e d E n g l a n d i n t h e M i d d l e A g e s a n d m a n y b a t t l e s w e r e f o u g h t i n E n g la n d / p > pb d s f i d = " 2 1 1 " > 0 0 m uc h o f E n g l i s h f i g h t i n g w a sd o ne i n F r a n c e i n t h e w a r b e t w e e nE n g l a n d a n dF r a n c e / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 1 2 " > 0 0 7 3 . T h e a r t o f w a r h a s u n d e r g o n e s u c h c h a n g e s t h a t _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 1 3 " > 0 0 w e n o l o n g e r u s e a n y F r e n c h w o r d s o f t h e M i d d l e A g e s / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 1 4 " > 0 0 m a n y w o r d s o n c e c o m m o n a r e n o t u s e d a n y l o n g e r a n d t h e y a r e r e p l a c e d b y I t a l i a n w o r d s / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 1 5 " > 0 0 F r e n c h m i l i t a r y t e r m s h a v e d i s a p p e a r e d f r o m t h e E n g l i s h l a n g u a g e / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 1 6 " > 0 0 m a n y w o r d s o n c e c o m m o n a r e n o w o n l y i n h i s t o r i c a l u s e a n d t h e i r p l a c e s h a v e b e e n t a k e n b y t h e n e w l y - b o r r o w e d w o r d s / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 1 7 " > 0 0 7 4 . W h i c h o f t h e f o l l o w i n g i s n o t t h e F r e n c h w o r d b o r r o w e d i n t o E n g l i s h d u r i n g t h e M i dd le A g e s ? / p > p b d sf i d = " 2 1 8 " > 0 0 A . s e rg e a n t B . b a t t l e C . s p y D . f i gh t / p > p b d s fi d = " 2 1 9 " > 00 7 5 . T h e w r i t e r t a k e s t h e w o r d s b a t t l e a n d f i g h t a s a n e x a m p l e t o s h o w _ _ _ _ _ _ . / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 2 0 " > 0 0 F r e n c h w o r d s a r e n e e d e d t o e x p r e s s s o m e t h i n g n e w / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 2 1 " > 0 0 a F r e n c h a n d a n a t i v e w o r d f o r t h e s a m e t h i n g h a v e b e e n s t i l l i n c o m m o n u s e s i d e b y s i d e F r e n c h w o r d o r t h e o t h e r h a s b e e n l o s t f r o m t h e E n g l i s h l a n g u a g e / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 2 2 " > 0 0 b a t t l e i s th e b o r r o w e d w o r d a n d f i g h t i s t h e n a t i v e o n e / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 2 3 " > 0 0 P a s s a g e F o u r / p > p b d s fi d = " 2 2 4 " > 0 0 F i n g e r s w e r e m a d e b e f o r e f o r k s w h e n a p e r s o n g i v e s u p g o o d m a n n e r s , p u t s a s i d e k n i f e a n d f o r k , a n d d i v e s i n t o h i s f o o d , s o m e o n e i s l i k e l y t o r e p e a t t h a t s a y i n g . / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 2 5 " > 0 0 T h e f o r k w a s a n a n c i e n t a g r i c u l t u r a l t o o l , b u t f o r c e n t u r i e s n o o n e t h o u g h t of e a t i ng w i thi t . N o t u n t i l t h e e l e v e n t h c e n t u r y , w h e n a y o u n g l a d y f r o m C o n s t a n t i n o p l e b r o ug h t h e r f o r k t o I t a l y , d i d t h e c u s t o m r e a c h E u r o p e . / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 2 6 " > 0 0 B y t h e f i f t e e n t h c e n t u r y t h e u s e o f t h e f o r k w a s w i d e s p r e a d i n I t a l y . T h e E n g l i s h e x p l a n a t i o n w a s t h a t I t a l i a n s w e r e a v e r s e t o e a t i n g f o o d t o u c h e d w i t h f i n g e r s , S e e i n g a l l m e n s f i n g e r s a r e n o t a l i k e c l e a n . E n g l i s h t r a v e l l e r s k e p t t h e i r f r i e n d s i n s t i t c h e s w h i l e d e s c r i b i n g t h i s r i d i c u l o u s I t a l i a nc u s t o m . / p > p bd s f i d = " 2 2 7 " > 0 0 A n y o ne w h o u s e d af o r k t o e a t w i t h w a s l a ugh e d a ti n E n g l a nd f o r t he n e x t h u n d r e d y e a r s . M e n w h o u s e df o r k s w e r e t h o ugh t t o b e si s s i e s , a n d w o m e n w h o u s e d t h e m w e r e c a l l e d s h o w - o f f s a n d o v e r n i c e . N o t u n t i l t h e l a t e 1 6 0 0 s d i d u s i n g a f o r k b e c o m e a c o m m o n c u s t o m . / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 2 8 " > 0 0 7 6 . T h e c u s t o m o f e a t i n g w i t h a f o r k w a s _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 2 9 " > 0 0 A . b r o u g h t t o E u r o p e f r o m A m e r i c a B . b e g u n w h e n f o r k s w e r e i n v e n t e d / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 3 0 " > 0 0 C . b r o u g h t t o E u r o p e f r o m A s i a D . i n v e n t e d b y I t a l i a n s / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 3 1 " > 0 0 7 7 . B y t h e f i f t e e n t h c e n t u r y f o r k s w e r e u s e d _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 3 2 " > 0 0 A . a l l o v e r I t a l y B . o n l y i n C o n s t a n t i n o p l e / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 3 3 " > 0 0 C . w i d e l y i n E u r o p e D .I n E n g l a n d / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 3 4 " > 0 0 7 8 . T o E n g l i s h t r a v e l l e r s i n I t a l y , t h e u s e o f f o r k s s e e m e d _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 3 5 " > 0 0 A . c l e v e r B . n e c e s s a r y C . g o o d m a n n e r D . r i d i c u l o u s / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 3 6 " > 0 0 7 9 . T h e E n g l i s h t h o u g h t t h a t I t a l i a n s u s e d f o r k s i n o r d e r t o _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 3 7 " > 0 0 A . i m i t a t e t h e p e o p l e o f t h e E a s t B . k e e p t h e i r f o o d c l e a n / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 3 8 " > 0 0 C . i m p r e s s v i s i t o r s w i t h t h e i r g o o d m a n n e r s D . a m u s e t h e E n g l i s h / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 3 9 " > 0 0 8 0 . I n E n g l a n d , p e o p l e w h o u s e d f o r k s a t t h a t t i m e w e r e c o n s i d e r e d _ _ _ _ _ _ . / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 4 0 " > 0 0 A . w e l l m a n n e r e d B . s i s s i e s C . s h o w - o f f s a n d o v e r n i c e D . b o t h B a n d C 0 d! . W r i t i n g ( 2 0 p o i n t s ) 0 0 D i r e c t i o n s : / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 4 1 " > 0 0 F o r t h i s p a r t , y o u a r e a l l o w e d 2 0 m i n u t e s t o w r i t e a s h o r t c o m p o s i t i o n o f a b o u t 8 0 w o r d s o n t h e t i t l e : T h e B i c y c l e i n C h i n a . B a s e y o u r c o m p o s i t i o n o n t h e o u t l i n e g i v e n b e l o w . / p >。