最新高考英语真题分类汇编：专题06-七选五(解析版)

精品 Word 可修改 欢迎下载 高考试题分项解析之专题6七选五

1.【2021·全国新课标I】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

Secret codes (密码)keep messages private。Banks, companies, and government agencies use

secret codes in doing business, especially when information is sent by computer.

People have used secret codes for thousands of years. 36 Code breaking never lags(落后) far

behind code making. The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography.

There are three main types of cryptography. 37 For example, the first letters of “My elephant eats

too many eels” Spell out the hidden message “Meet me.”

38 You might represent each letter with a number, For example, Let’s number the letters of the

alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26. If we substitute a number for each letter, the message “Meet me”

would read “13 5 20 13 5.”

A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences. To read the message of a real code,

you must have a code book. 39 For example “bridge“ might stand for “meet” and “out” might stand

for “me.” The message “bridge out” would actually mean “Meet me.”40 However, it is also hard to

keep a code book secret for long. So codes must be changed frequently.

A.It is very hard to break a code without the code book.

B.In any language, some letters are used more than others.

C.Only people who know the keyword can read the message.

精品 Word 可修改 欢迎下载 D.As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.

E.You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.

F.With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words.

G.Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.

【答案】

36.-40 D E G.F A

36.D考查对上下文的理解和判断能力。后句内容可以判断该空应该和密码的破译有关，故判断D项内容As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.符合语境逻辑，可以承接上下文。

37.E考查对上下文的理解和判断能力。后面举的例子是来证明人们设置密码时往往会利用一些单词的第一个字母来作为密码，由此判断E选项内容符合语境逻辑。

40.A考查对上下文的理解和判断能力。根据空后内容的转折可知尽管利用密码书可以破译密码，但是一本密码书也不会使用很久的时间，故判断A选项It is very hard to break a code without the code book.符合语境。

考点：七选五阅读理解

【归纳总结】七选五阅读填空考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和

精品 Word 可修改 欢迎下载 掌握。解题技巧如下：1.注重句式的对接，比如排比句，祈使句等。2. 注重词汇的衔接：也就是利用上下文所重复的关键词，即词的复现原则进行判断，其中包括同义词，原词和反义词的复现。3.注重举例或解释等。如37题和39题只需要利用for example来进行解题。

2.【2021·全国新课标II】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

A garden that’s just right for you

Have you ever visited a garden that seemed just right for you, where the atmosphere of the

garden appeared to total more than the sum(总和) of its parts? 16 . But it doesn’t happen by

accident. It starts with looking inside yourself and understanding who you are with respect to the

natural world and how you approach the gardening process.

●___17

Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants, flowers, patterns and masses of

color. Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer

fertilizers(肥料). 18 . However, there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you

want to garden. One of them comes from our earliest years.

●Recall(回忆)your childhood memories

Our model of what a garden should be often goes back to childhood. Grandma’s rose garden and

Dad’s vegetable garden might be good or bad, but that’s not what’s important. 19 --how being in

those gardens made us feel. If you’d like to build a powerful bond with your garden, start by taking

精品 Word 可修改 欢迎下载 some time to recall the gardens of your youth. 20 then go outside and work out a plan to

translate your childhood memories into your grown-up garden. Have fun.

A. Know why you garden

B. Find a good place for your own garden

C. It’s our experience of the garden that matters

D. It’s delightful to see so many beautiful flowers

E. Still others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plants

F. You can produce that kind of magical quality in your own garden, too

G. For each of those gardens, writer down the strongest memory you have

【答案】16. F 17. A 18. E 19. C 20. G

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【名师点睛】

本文属于七选五阅读中最常见的设空在段首的方法，通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。本题我们根据倒数第二句“However, there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden.”可知我们首先要知道为什么要搞园艺。故A项为本段主题句。

当七选五阅读设空在句首时，还可能存在以下两种情况：

1. 属于段落间的过渡句。这时要前瞻后望找启示，即阅读上一段结尾部分，通常正确答案与上一段结尾有机地衔接起来，并结合下一段内容，看所选的答案是否将两段内容连贯起来。

2. 与后文是并列、转折、因果关系等。着重阅读后文第一两句，锁定线索信号词，然后在

精品 Word 可修改 欢迎下载 选项中查找相关特征词。通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的，因此这两句间会有 某种的衔接手段，尤其当选项是几句话时。比如，如果选项中出现时间年代时，往往要注意与原文中年代的前后对应关系。

考点：考查说明文阅读

3.【2021·全国新课标III】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Everyone knows that fish is good for health. 16 But it seems that many people don’t cook fish at