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高考(高中)英语备考语法点复习要点点拨与梳理--三大从句篇一、定语从句：总体介绍：定语从句确实是所有复合句最难的，也是高中英语最标志性的语法点，无论何时都要高度重视，搞通搞透多练。
定语从句学习的基本提醒：1）先行词+关系词，这是定语从句语法最关键的核心如果没有先行词的存在，这道题目不可能是定语从句的题目。
2）先行词=关系词，关系词是代替先行词在后面从句中做成分，例子：the book that I like，that就是代替book做like的宾语。
3）先行词和关系词紧挨在一起，但是也常隔断。
例子：I met some foreigners in the street who came from Australia.具体细节点拨：1 牢记在心各种关系词的使用方法！比如关系代词是最基本的：that 人/物主宾都可以做宾语可省which 物主宾都可以做宾语可省who 人主宾都可以做宾语可省whom 人宾语可省whose 人/物定语（谁谁的）不省再比如，关系副词：where 先行词是地点并且从句也缺地点(状语)时（两个条件同时满足）when 先行词是时间并且从句也缺时间(状语)时（同上）why 先行词是reason并且从句也缺原因(状语)时（同上）2 七个一般原则！请牢记！无what，无how，无介词+that，无介词+who，无介词+关系副词，有逗号时无that，介词提前时无省略。
（需要特别说明，极个别时候，介词加where或when的定语从句确实存在，但不是主流）3 要注意that的特殊性，作为高中生，尤其是在应试的背景下要记住重要的多用that不用其他的若干情况。
在这里不逐条列出，只作提醒。
比如：This is the most interesting movie that I have ever seen.(最高级)The only thing that she could do was to wait patiently.（the only）The first thing that we do in the morning is to clean the classroom.（序数词）4 要注意way(表示做事的方式)的定语从句，有三种，比如：the way in which I did it.the way that I did it.the way I did it.5，要特别注意as的定语从句1）限定性：先行词有such(so)， the same，as时This is the same book as I lost last week.2）非限定性：先行词是整个一句话时，用as或者which，但是which不放句首。
三大从句语法讲解从句：在复合句具有主谓部分但不能独立成句的句子。
主句：除掉从句，就是主句在英语中，主要有三大从句：名词性从句（包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句）形容词性从句（即定语从句）副词性从句（即状语从句：包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等）三大从句快速判断方法：1.主句不完整，从句不完整→名词性从句（连接代词）2.主句不完整，从句完整→名词性从句（连词、连接副词）3.主句完整，从句不完整→定语从句（关系代词）4.主句完整，从句完整→定语从句（关系副词）、同位语从句、状语从句名词性从句主语从句：（用句子代替名词来做主语）比如汉语中：①你通过我的方法学好了英语【主语】是我的荣幸。
②你要不要学英语【主语】是你自己的事。
③你想要的学习效果【主语】还必须靠你自己实现。
④你什么时候开始学英语【主语】是很重要的一件事。
基本：三类主语从句的连词（1）从属连词引导的主语从句（that / whether / if）that引导的主语从句:引导词that无含义/在句中不做成分/不可以省。
That 引导主语从句通常用it 作形式主语。
例如：That you will win the medal seems unlikely.（你要赢得这样比赛看起来不可能。
）That she survived the accident is a miracle.（她能在这场事故中幸存真是个奇迹。
）这个就同我们汉语例子中的①句一样，只不过英语中更加重视句子结构，所以把that放在前头，告诉你这个that后面跟的句子（和里面的主谓宾）不影响主句。
whether 引导的主语从句: whether有含义(是否)/在句中不做成分/不可以省。
注意：引导主语从句，不能用if不能在开头，只能用whether.Whether we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.（我们明天会不会在户外举办聚会取决于天气。
三大从句知识点三大从句是英语语法中的重要知识点，包括名词性从句、形容词性从句和副词性从句。
下面将分别介绍这三种从句的定义、用法和例句。
一、名词性从句名词性从句是在句子中充当名词的成分，可以作主语、宾语、表语或同位语。
名词性从句分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
1. 主语从句：在句子中充当主语的从句，常用连接词有that、whether、if等。
例句：That she is not coming is a great disappointment to us.（她不来对我们来说是个很大的失望。
）2. 宾语从句：在句子中充当宾语的从句，常用连接词有that、whether、if等。
例句：I don't know whether he will come or not.（我不知道他是否会来。
）3. 表语从句：在句子中充当表语的从句，常用连接词有that、whether、if等。
例句：The important thing is that we finish the project on time.（重要的是我们要按时完成这个项目。
）4. 同位语从句：用来解释或说明名词或代词的从句，常用连接词有that、whether、if等。
例句：The fact that he lied surprised everyone.（他撒谎的事实让每个人都感到惊讶。
）二、形容词性从句形容词性从句是用来修饰名词或代词的从句，常用连接词有who、whom、whose、which、that等。
5. 限制性形容词性从句：对名词或代词进行限制或修饰，不能省略。
例句：The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.（我从图书馆借来的那本书非常有趣。
）6. 非限制性形容词性从句：对名词或代词进行补充说明，用逗号与主句隔开，可以省略。
例句：My sister, who is a doctor, lives in London.（我的妹妹是个医生，住在伦敦。
英语三大从句英语三大从句：宾语从句（在句子中起宾语作用的从句）、定语从句（在复合句中修饰名词、代词的从句）、以及状语从句（在复合句中由从句表示的状语）。
宾语从句一、定义在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。
二、连接词That: I think that you can pass the exam.Whether/if:I wonder if / whether I can get some advice from you.Ask him whether / if he can come.What: I donrsquo;t know what the word means.Where: I donrsquo;t know where he found the book.只用whether的情况：1. 与or not连用：I donrsquo;t know whether itrsquo;s raining or not.2. 与动词不定式连用：He doesnrsquo;t know whether to accept the invitation.3. 连接词前有介词时：It depends on whether he is coming.三、时态1. 主句是一般现在时态，从句根据实际情况而定(各种时态均可)She wants to know what he has done for the exam.2.主句是一般过去时态，从句用相应的过去的时态。
1)She said that she was a student.2)She said that she would fly to Japan in a week.3)She said that she had finished her homework already.3. 如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时，这时宾语从句要用一般现在时态。
英语三大从句类型总结英语三大从句类型总结总结是在某一时期、某一项目或某些工作告一段落或者全部完成后进行回顾检查、分析评价，从而得出教训和一些规律性认识的一种书面材料，他能够提升我们的书面表达能力，因此十分有必须要写一份总结哦。
总结怎么写才能发挥它的作用呢？下面是小编为大家整理的英语三大从句类型总结，仅供参考，欢迎大家阅读。
英语三大从句类型总结PART1：英语从句三大类型按一般说法，可分为三大类14种从句。
一,名词性从句1主语从句Whether it's right or not remains to be seen.2宾语从句I wonder whether it's right or not.3同位语从句This is a question whether it's right or not.4表语从句The question is whether it's right or not.二,定语从句1限定性定语从句She is the student who can speak English well.2非限定性定语从句She is the student,who can speak English well.三,状语从句1时间状语从句The fact will come out when he comes here.2地点状语从句You can go wherever you like.3原因状语从句Pay more attention to your lessons because you are a student.4方式状语从句He walks as if he were a king.5目的状语从句She went to Japan so that she could learn Japanese well.6结果状语从句She went to Japan so that she learnedJapanese well.7条件状语从句I will understand it if he tells me.8让步状语从句He knows a lot though he is little.PART2：经典名词性从句主语从句(subject clauses)在复合句中起主语作用的从句叫主语从句。
三大从句定语从句1.The meeting that you have missed yesterday was very important.2. The girl who is making a speech right now is our monitor.3. The vase that I broke yesterday was very expensive.4. The boy who helped you yesterday is my neighbour.5. That's just the topic that I'm very interested in.6. He is just the boss who gave me that valuable opportunity.7. I like the cake which you bought yesterday.8. He is the teacher who helped me.9. We all like that speaker who is very humorous.10. The old lady whose two daughters are both teachers is our neighbour.11. She is the girl whom I met at the party.12. There are occasions when one must yield.13.Beijing is the place where I was born.14.Is this the reason why he refused our offer?15. His father died the year when he was born.16.He is unlikely to find the place in which he lived forty years ago.17. Do you remember the day on which you joined our club?18.This is the house in which I lived two years ago.19. He has finished the difficult exercise, which is easy for you.20.None of us know the reason for which Tom was absent from the meeting. (why = for which ). 只用that不用which的情况①先行词指物且含有不定代词(all, little, few, much, everything, anything等)Do you have anything that you want to say for yourself?All that Lily told me seems untrue.②先行词被the only, the very, the right, any, every, some, no, just等修饰This is the very bus that I am waiting for.The only thing that we can do is to lend you some money.③先行词含有最高级或含有序数词时，如：This train is the last that will go to Suzhou.This is the first two-story bus that runs in our city.What is the most interesting film that you have ever seen?④先行词既有人又有物Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about?⑤避免重复a. 主句的主语是疑问词who或whichWhich is the bike that you have lost?Who is the boy that won the gold medal?b. 两个定语从句，其中一个用which另一个用thatThey secretly built up a small factory, which produced things that could cause much pollution.c. 先行词在主句中作表语,关系词在从句中也作表语Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be.⑥ 主句是there be 句型且关系词在从句中作主语There is a seat that is still available.2. 只用which不用that的情况① 非限制性定语从句② 关系代词前有介词（介词锁定）③ 先行词本身是that（避免重复）只用who不用that的情况：① 先行词是指人的不定代词，如：one , ones, anyone, no one, those等Those who have not got your textbooks please raise you hands.② there be结构中先行词指人There is a man who calls himself Mr. S joining our team.③ 分隔式定语从句中I was one of the persons in my office who were invited.四、关系副词when 时间时间状语I will never forget the day when we met there. （可用on which）where 地点地点状语This is the house where I was born. （可用in which）why 原因原因状语I can’t imagine the reason why he turned down my offer. （可用for which）主语从句(subject clause)一．定义:主语从句（subject clause）,顾名思义就是利用一个从句来代替主语。
英语三大从句LELE was finally revised on the morning of December 16, 2020复合句【语法要点】复合句是由一个主句加一个或几个从句所构成的句子。
从句只用作句子的一个成分，不能独立。
根据从句在句子中的作用，可分为名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句三类。
（一）名词性从句名词性从句包括主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句。
其关联词有连接词that、if、whether；疑问代词who、what、which和疑问副词when、where、how、why等。
1）if不能引导表语从句。
连接代词who、what、whose、which不能引导同位语从句。
2）有时as、as if/though、because也可以引导表语从句，能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动词be、seem、look等。
例如：Things are not always as they seem to be.事情并不总是像表面上看来的那样。
It looks as if it were going to rain. It is because you eat too much.3）介词宾语不可以用which来引导，而要用what来引导。
例如：We can learn what we did not know. He will talk to us about what he saw in the .4）连词that引导的名词性从句除能用在except、but、in后之外很少作介词的宾语，。
其它一些介词的宾语从句如果由连词that引导，则需用it先行一步作形式宾语。
例如：He is a good student except that he is careless.You may depend on it that they will support you.5）若主句谓语动词是及物动词make、find、think、see、hear等，则把宾语从句置于宾语补足语之后，用it作形式宾语。
英语中必考知识点---------三大从句英语中三大从句在英语中，三大从句分别是名词性从句、形容词性从句（定语从句）和副词性从句（状语从句）。
下面我将分别为这三种从句提供定义，并各举10个例句。
（一）名词性从句1. **主语从句**：- That he finished the project on time surprised everyone.- 他按时完成了项目，这让每个人都感到惊讶。
2. **宾语从句**：- She believes that honesty is the best policy.- 她相信诚实是最好的策略。
3. **表语从句**：- The fact is that we are running out of time.- 事实是我们快没时间了。
4. **同位语从句**：- We heard the news that our team had won the championship.- 我们听到了我们团队赢得冠军的消息。
5. **主语从句**：- Whether he will come to the meeting is uncertain.- 他是否会来开会还不确定。
6. **宾语从句**：- I don't know who broke the window.- 我不知道谁打破了窗户。
7. **表语从句**：- My idea is that we should start earlier.- 我的想法是我们应该早点开始。
8. **同位语从句**：- The suggestion that we take a break was accepted by everyone.- 我们休息一下的建议得到了大家的认可。
9. **主语从句**：- What you need is more practice.- 你需要的是更多的练习。
10. **宾语从句**：- They haven't decided when to hold the party.- 他们还没决定什么时候举行聚会。
高考英语定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句综合练习重点内容梳理J一定语从句1. 定义：在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句为定语从句，如：The no vels that were writte n by Lu Xun were not easy to un dersta nd. 2•定语从句的构成要素（1） 先行词： （2） 关系词： （3）从句：3. 定语从句的关系词that which who whom whose aswhe n where why4. 关系词的句法功能：（1）关系代词在定语从句中作 ___________________ ，关系副词在定语从句中作 _____________________ ，关系代词作宾语时可以省略；（2）关系副词在定语从句中作 ___________________ 。
5.定语从句解题方法找准先行词，将先行词带入定语从句，使定语从句成为一个完整的句子，再分析从句的句子成分。
若从句缺主语或宾语选用 ________________________ ，若从句却状语，选用 ___________________________ 。
二、名词性从句1.名词性从句分类（1）主语从句 （2）宾语从句 （3）表语从句 （4）同位语从句2. 名词性从句的语序名词性从句使用 ____________________ 语序3. 名词性从句的引导词厂连 接词：that, whether, if名从引导词 彳 连接代词： what, which, who, whom, whose, whatever, whichever, whomever, whomever < 连接畐U 词： when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever, however{ {4. 名词性从句引导词的句法功能(1) 连接词： (2) 连接代词： (3) 连接副词5•名词性从句解题方法三、状语从句1•状语从句的引导词:时间状语从句：f地点状语从句： 原因状语从句： 让步状语从句：.条件状语从句： 结果状语从句： 目的状语从句： 比较状语从句：方式状语从句： X2•状语从句解题方法1.( 2012，大纲卷)The evening.3.（ 2008 湖南） ___________ the Internet is of great help, I don ' t ink it 'sa good idea to spend too much time on it. A. If B. WhileC. BecauseD. Asdrink more tha n two cups of coffee a day have a greater cha nee of hav ing heart disease tha nthose don't.A. who; /B. /; whoC. who; whoD. /; /6. （ 2011 北京） ________ Barbara offers to her fans is hon esty and happ in ess. A. Which B. What C. That D. Whom I will tell youA. thatB. whichC. whatD. when2.（ 2010 福建） We should respect food and think about the people who don ' have ____ we have here and treat food nicely.4.（ 2008 重庆） They will fly to Wash ington, they pla n to stay for tow or three days.A. whereB. thereC. whichD. whe n 5.（2006，北京）Women可编辑word，供参考版!7. （2013 重庆）_________ we have eno ugh evide nee, we can 'tw in the case.A. even ifB. whichC. whereD. sA. UnlessB. AlthoughC. Before8. _______________________________________________________ （ 2010 上海） One reason for her preference for city life is _______________________________________________________ she can have easy access to places like shops andrestaurants. A. thatB. howC. whatD. why9. ______________________________________________________________ （ 2013，大纲卷） When I arrived, Bryan took me to see the house __________________________________________________ I would be staying. A. whatB. whenC. whereD. which10. （ 2006，大纲卷） — What did your parents think about your decisions?— They always let me do _______ they think I should do.A. whenB. thatC. howD. what11. ________________________________________________________________ （ 2011 浙江） One Friday, we were packing to leave for a weekend away ____________________________________________ my daughter heard cries for help. A. afterB. whileC. sinceD. when12. The young couple, who returned my lost wallet, left ____ I could ask for their names. A. whileB. beforeC. afterD. since13. _________________________________ （ 2012，福建） The air quality, is shown in the report, has improved over the past two months. A. that B. it C. as D. what14. ___________________ （ 2013 天津） I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents.A. ThatB. WhichC. WhetherD. What15. ________________________________________________________________ （ 2006 大纲卷） We thought there were 35 students in the dinning hall, _____________________________________________ , in fact, there were 40. A. whileB. whetherC. whatD. which16. ______________________________________________ （ 2009 浙江） I have reached a point in my life I am supposed to make decisions of my own. A. which B. where C. how D. why17. （2010 江苏）The n ewly-built caf , the walls of ________ are pain ted light gree n, is really a peaceful place for us, especiallyafter hard work. A. thatB. itC. whatD. which18. （ 2008 浙江） _______ wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way. A. AnyoneB. The oneC. WhoeverD. Who19. （2009上海） You can 'tborrow books from the school library ______ you get your student card. A. beforeB. ifC. whileD. asmakes the shops different is that it offers more personal services.relatives.you start eating in a healthier way, weight control will become much easier.A. whatB. whoC. howD. why23.（2008 山东） You 'd better not leave the medicinekids can get at it.25.（2010陕西） The old temple roof was damaged in a storm is now under repair.20.（2006 辽宁） A. What B. Who C. Whatever D. Whoever 21.（2012，浙江） We are living in an age more information is available with greater ease than ever before. A. why B. when C. to whom D. on which22.（2010四川） How much one enjoy himself traveling depends largely onhe goes with, whether his friends or24.（2014 天津）26. （2006 大纲卷）Please remi nd me he said he was going. I may be in time to see him off.A. whereB. when C. how D. what27. （2006 天津）If you are travelli ng the customs are really foreig n to your own, please do as the Roma ns do.A. i n whichB. whatC. when D. where28. （2010 福建）Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to be the only planet life has developedgradually.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. whose29. （2013 北京）Many countries are setting up national parks ani mals and pla nts can beprotected.A. whe nB. whichC. whoseD. where30.（ 2010 北京）Part of the reason Charles Dicke ns loved his own novel, David Copperfield, was it was rather closelymodeled on his own life.A. whatB. thatC. whyD. whether31. （2009 重庆）Peter was so excited he received an in vitati on from his friend to visit Chongqing.A. whereB. thatC. whyD. when32. （2010 大纲卷）We haven'tdiscussed yet we are going to place our new furn iture.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. where33. （2008 湖南）The grow ing speed of a pla nt is in flue need by a nu mber offactors, are bey ond our con trol.A. most of themB. most of whichC. most of whatD. most of that34. （2008 重庆）People in Chongqing are proud of they have achieved in the past ten years.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. how35. （2011 四川）As is reported, it is 100 years Qin ghua Uni veristy was founded.A. whe nB. beforeC. afterD. since36. （2014 浙江）A. now that Cathy had quit her job whe n her son was born _____ she could stay home and raise her family.B. as ifC. only ifD. so that37. （2011 江西）She showed the visitors around the museum, the con struct ion had take n more tha n threeyears.A. for whichB. with whichC. of whichD. to which38. （2011 湖南）Before a problem can be solved, it must be obvious _________ t he problem itself is.A. whatB. thatC. whichD. why39（2014 安徽）A. before The meaning of the wordB. after“ nice ” cha nged a few times it fin ally came to in clude th e senseC. si neeD. while“ pleasant ”40. （2007 宁夏）Some pre-school childre n go to a day care centre, they lear n simple games and songs.A. thenB. thereC. whileD. where41. （2008 上海）We went through a period com muni cati ons were very difficult in the ruralareas.A. for whichB. with whichC. i n whichD. whose42. （2013 北京）makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer.A. ThatB. WhatC. WhoD. Which43. （2014 江苏）Less ons can be lear ned to face the future,A. though44. （2011 四川）B. as__ history cannot be cha nged.C. sinceD. uniessOur teachers always tell us to believe in we do and who we are if we want to succeed.A. whyB. howA. un tilB. whenC. althoughD. where巩固提高从句综合练习:1. （2011 湖南）Julie was good at German, French and Russian, all of she spoke flue ntly.A. whoB. whomC. whichD. that2. （2006，大纲卷）See the flags on top of the building? That was we did this morni ng.A. whe nB. whichC. whereD. what3. （2013,天津）small, the compa ny has about 1,000 buyers in over 30 coun tries.A. AsB. IfC. AlthoughD. Once4. （2010 四川）After graduating from college, I took some time off to go travelling, turned out to be a wise decisi onA. thatB. whichC. when D. where5. —Do you have anything to say for yourselves?—Yes, there is one point we must in sist on.A. whyB. whereC. howD. that6.（2005 广东）Some researchers believe that there is no doubt a cure for AIDS will be found.A. whichB. whatC. thatD. whether7.（2009 四川）Owen wouldn ' e t t anything he cooked it himself.A. un tilB. sinceC. uni essD. While8.（2008 上海）As his best frien d, I can make accurate guesses about he will do or think.A. whatB. whichC. whomD. that9.（2013，四川）Nowadays people are more concerned about the en viro nment they live.A. whatB. whichC. when D. where10.（2010 湖南）Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears. No one in the office knew she was so angry.A. whereB. whetherC. thatD. why11.（2009 陕西）My parents don ' mind what job I do I am happy.A. even thoughB. as soon asC. as long asD.as though12.（2010 北京）they decide which college to go to, stude nts should research the admissi on procedures.A. AsB. WhileC. Until D. Once13.（2011，山东）The old tow n has n arrow streets and small houses are built close to each other.A. theyB. whereC. whatD. that14.（2011 山东）We'v e offered her the job, but I don 'tknow she V laccept it.A. whereB. whatC. whetherD. which15. （2013 北京）Don V tur n off the computer before clos ing all programs, you could have problems.A. orB. andC. butD. so16. （2007 江苏）He was educated at the local high school, he went on to Beijing University.A. after whichB. after thatC. i n whichD. in that17. （2006 天津）The Beatles, many of you are old eno ugh to remember, came from Liverpool.A. whatB. that—It depends on _______ it is.A. whichB. whicheverC. whatD. whatever19.（2011 江西）Please call my secretary to arrange a meeting this afternoon, or it is convenient to you.A. wheneverB. howeverC. whicheverD. wherever20.（2013 重庆）struck me most in the movie was the father 'de s ep love for his son.A. ThatB. ItC. WhatD. Which21.（2005 浙江）Jim passed the driving test, surprised everybody in the office.A. whichB. thatC. thisD. it22.（2010 陕西）It never occurred to me you could succeeded in persuading him to change his mind.A. whichB. whatC. thatD. if23.（2013 辽宁）One can always manage to do more things, no matter full one 's schedule is in life.A. howB. whatC. whenD. where24.（2013 山东）I have to give a speech, I get extremely nervous before I start.A. WhateverB. WheneverC. WhoeverD. However25.（2006 浙江）I was given three books on cooking, the first I really enjoyed.A. of thatB. of whichC. thatD. which26.（2010 山东）Before the sales start, I made a list of my kids will need for the coming season.A. whyB. whatC. howD. which27.（2013 山东）Mark needs to learn Chinese his company is opening a branch in Beijing.A. unlessB. untilC. althoughD. since28.（2012 重庆）Sales director is a position communication ability is just as important as sales skills.A. whichB. thatC. whenD. where29.（2013 安徽）From space, the earth looks blue. This is about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water.A. whyB. howC. becauseD. whether30.（2014 山东）I don ' t really like the author, I have to admit his books are very exciting.A. althoughB. unlessC. untilD. once2015年高考英语定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句综合练习1. 定义：在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句为定语从句，如:The novels that were written by Lu Xun were not easy to understand. 2.定语从句的构成要素（1）先行词：被修饰的名词或代词（注非限制性定语从句的先行词可能为横线前面的整个内容）（2）关系词：连接主句与从句的词，且在定语从句中充当一定的句子成分; （3）从 句：从句的基本结构为——关系词+ 一个完整的句子3•定语从句的关系词5•定语从句解题方法找准先行词，将先行词带入定语从句，使定语从句成为一个完整的句子，再分析从句的句子成分。
高中英语主要要掌握三大从句。 分别是： 1、定语从句（形容词从句） 2、名词词从句（包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句） 3、状语从句（副词性从句，包括时间，地点，结果，目的，原因等） 一、定语从句： 定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。 1、关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主词保持一致。 （1）, who, whom, that 这些词代替指人，“whom”作宾语指人，“that”既可作主语又可作宾语（作宾语可以省略），可以指人也可以指物。 （2），Which 用来指人或物(用作主语、宾语，作宾语时可以省略） （3），whose “whose”表示谁（可以为人也可以为物）的（东西） 2、关系代词引导的定语从句 （1），关系副词why主要用于修饰表示原因的名词（主要是the reason），同时它在定语从句中用作原因状语。 （2），关系副词when主要用于修饰表示时间的名词，同时它在定语从句中用作时间状语。 （3），关系副词where主要用于修饰表示地点的名词，同时它在定语从句中用作地点状语。 3、非限制性定语从句 它起补充说明作用，缺少也不会影响全句的理解。在非限制性定语从句的前面往往有逗号隔开。 二、名词性从句 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句 (Noun Clauses）。 名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类： 1、连词（5个）：that （宾语从句或表语从句中that有时可以省略） whether,if （均表示“是否”表明从句内容的不确定性） as if ,as though （均表示“好像”，“似乎”） 以上在从句中均不充当任何成分 2、连接代词（9个）：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose, which, whichever 3、连接副词（7个）：when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however 三、状语从句 状语从句 （Adverbial Clause） 状语从句指句子用作状语时，起副词作用的句子。它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。状语从句一般由连词(从属连词)引导，也可以由词组引起。从句位于句首或句中时通常用逗号与主句隔开，位于句尾时可以不用逗号隔开。 状语从句细分的话，共包括九种： 1.时间状语从句2.地点状语从句3.原因状语从句4.条件状语从句5.目的状语从句6.让步状语从句7.比较状语从句8.方式状语从句 Mary lives in the room, the door _____ opens east. A. of it B. of which C. of that D. whose 2. The engineer _____ my father is talking has just come from abroad. A. with whom B. with who C. with which D. that 3. He lives in a hotel, _____ is only five minutes’ walk from here. A. that B. which C. in which D. where 4. Is there anything _____ I can do for you? . A. which B. who C. as D. that 5. The speaker will tell us about some writers and their works _____are known to us. A. which B. that C. as D. who 6. This is the reason _____ they are all against the plan. A. which B. that C. why D. what 7. It was not until late in the evening _____ the traveler found a hotel. A. which B. that C. as D. where 8. I didn’t like the way _____ she spoke to me. A. which B. that C. how D. as 9. This is _____ I can do for you right now. A. which B. that C. what D. as 10. It was at our college library _____ I borrowed the novel. A. which B. in which C. that D. where 11. I have seen trees, _____ open at sunrise and close at sunset. A. which the leaves B. of which leaves C. whose leaves D. its leaves 12. All _____ is needed is a supply of oil. A. the thing B. that C. what D. which 13. The foreign guests, _____ were scientists, were warmly welcomed at the airport. A. most of whom B. most of them C. most of which D. most of those 14. On the train I saw a student _____ I thought was your sister. A. who B. whom C. which D. that 15. Is the river _____ through the town very long? A. flows B. that flows C. which flow D. the one flows 16. Is this college _____ they went to last year? A. that B. which C. the one D. the one what 17. Is this the university _____ you visited last time? A. that one B. which C. the one D. the one what 18. I’d like to tell you _____ I saw in the exhibition. A. which B. that C. what D. / 9. I hope that the little _____ I have been able to do has been of some use. A. which B. that C. what D. for which 20. Who _______ has common sense will do such a thing? A. which B. tha C .whoseD. whom 21 The bike and its rider _____ had knocked down the boy were taken to the police. A. who B .that C. which D. whom 22. Put the letter ______ he can find it easily. A. in which B. at which C. where D. which 23. This is the very letter _____ I am looking for . A. which B. that C. as D. what 24. Tom didn’t attend the meeting, ________ we expected. A. where B. that C. as D. what 25. I will give you such information _______ will help you. A. which B. that C. as D. what
1-5 BABDB 6-10 CBBCD 11-15 CBADA 16-20 BCBCA 21-25 BACCC 高中英语定语从句汇总讲解 Ⅰ. 概念： (1) 定语从句：在主从复合句中用作定语的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧接在先行词(antecedent)后面。 (2) 先行词：被定语从句修饰的成份。先行词可以为一个词，短语，或整个主句。 (3) 引导定语从句的词叫关系词，分为关系代词和关系副词。 关系词的作用： 1) 引导定语从句，连接主句和从句，相当于一个连词； 2) 必在从句中作某个句子成份（可以做主语，宾语，表语，定语，状语） 常用的关系代词: that、 which、 who、whom、whose、as 、but (文语, 置于否定词之后=that/who„not„, "没有„„不„„", 在从句中作主语，宾语) 常用的关系副词（在从句中只作状语）: when、why、 where The student who answered the question was John. I know the reason why he was so angry. The boy (whom) you are talking to is my brother. I'd like a room whose window looks out over the sea.
定语从句三步： 第一找出先行词； 第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能（做主语、宾语或状语）； 第三选择合适的关系词。 ●as 的用法:(as 引导定语从句, 在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语) ①如为限制性的，多用于the same „as ; the same as；such „as „; as many/much as；so „as等结构中。如： ※I have the same book as you (have). 我有一本和你的一样的书。 Her attitude to him was quite the same as it had always been. (关系代词as和指示代词same连用, 在从句中用作表语, 先行词是same.) ※.---Why didn't you mention that in face of the police just now? --- I thought it was such a minor detail as was hardly worth mentioning. We will only discuss such problems as have something to do with our own interests. Don't do such things as you are not sure about. There is no such place as you dream of in all this world. 比较：I live in the same house that he used to live in. I'm wearing the same shirt as you wore yesterday.
