四川省绵阳市2020届高三英语第三次诊断性测试试题

绵阳市高中2013级第三次诊断性考试英语试题参考答案及评分标准第Ⅰ卷(选择题，共100分)第一部分：听力（共二节，满分30分）第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)1-5 CBCCB第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)6-10 BABAA 11-15 CBBAB 16-20 BBCAB第二部分：阅读理解（共二节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）21-25 ADBDA 26-30 CDABD 31-35 BCDDB第二节（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分）36-40 FEABG第三部分英语知识运用（共二节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）41-45 BCDBA 46-50 BCACD 51-55 DAACB 56-60 DBDBC第Ⅱ卷(非选择题，共50分)第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）61. exists 62. to understand 63. the 64. from/against 65.which66. Fortunately 67. be treated 68. their 69. faced 70. effective评分标准：有任何错误，包括用词错误、单词拼写错误（含大小写）或语法形式错误，均不给分。

第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）As is known to us all, birthday is important to everybody. It was Jerry’s birthday on yesterday.Some of his classmates held ^birthday party to congratulate him. They bring a lot of nice gifts.a broughtTheir English teacher, Mary, was also present at the party with his best wishes forJerry. He was sohermoving that he couldn’t help expressing his thank to them. For the whole afternoon they sang andmoved thanksdanced happily without think about their school work. In the evening they decidedto study eventhinkinghard to make up for it. What happy they all were! I really wish I had join them. harder How joined评分标准：有任何错误，包括用词、修改及标号的位置、单词拼写错误（含大小写）或语法形式错误，均不给分。

四川省绵阳市高中2019 级第二次诊断性考试英语试题本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，满分 注意事项：1．答题前，考生务必将自己的学校、班级、姓名、考号用0.5 毫米的黑色签字笔填写在答题卡上，并检查条表码粘贴是否正确。

2．选择题（ 1— 65）使用 2B 铅笔填涂在答题卡对应题目标号的位置上，非选择题用 0.5 毫米黑色签字笔书写在答题卡的对应题框内，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答 题无效。

3．考试结束以后，将答题卡收回。

第Ⅰ卷（选择题，共 100 分）第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分 50 分）第一节：语法和词汇知识（共 20 小题；每小题 1分，满分 20 分）从 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

1．—I can 't stand you! I 'm leaving.— . See if I care.A ．No problemB ．Come onC ． No doubtD ．Go ahead 2． Remember, better healthin feet, Walk more, feel the difference!A ． measuresB ．has measuredC ． is measuredD ．was measured3． Memorial Day is a US national holidayto remember those who gave their lives in the service ofthe nation. 4．— Do you ask why I am learning English?— Yes, I mean, what are you going to do with it? Are you going to be a teacher of English or somethinglike ? 5．You are welcome to ask whatever questions. Don ' t6． It is easy to set the goal of our production for next year, butto achieve it takes a lot of trouble.7． Is this the reason he gave us for the delay of the project?A ．howB ．whatC ． why·1·8． Being a tour guide offers me a chance to work for money and meanwhile travel for.A ． pleasureB ．honourC ． leisureD ．cheer150 分，考试时间 120 分钟。

1.成都市2019级高中毕业班第一次诊断性检测—英语听力试卷第一节1.What will the woman do this weekend?A.Walk in the mountain.B.Finish her paper.C.Attend a wedding.2.How does the man feel now?A.Annoyed.B.Surprised.C.Pitiful.3.Where does the conversation probably take place?A.At home.B.At the agency.C.In the office.4.How much should the man pay?A.$2.B.$4.C.$6.5.What are the speakers mainly talking about?A.The man's son.B.A writer.C.A book.第二节听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。

6.What is the possible relationship between the speakers?A.Strangers.B.Friends.C.Classmates.7.What contributes most to the effect of the man's stories?A.The content.B.The words.C.The ending.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。

8.How will the man go to the destination?A.By shuttle.B.By taxi.C.By subway.9.Where does the conversation probably take place?A.At the airport.B.In the hotel.C.In the museum.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

THUSSAT中学生标准学术能力2023-2024学年高三上学期9月诊断性测试英语试卷（Word版含答案，无听力音频及听力原文）中学生标准学术能力诊断性测试2023年9月测试英语参考答案1-5 BCDCD 6-10 BCBDA 11-15 CBDCA 16-20 FACGE21-25 BACDC 26-30 DABDC 31-35 BBCAD36．born 37．to 38．to study 39．striking 40．has had 41．unforgettable 42．whose 43．difficulty 44．was published 45．it作文参考：Dear Ben,It is a pleasure to know that you have finished the journey in China. You mentioned which gift is most suitableto bring back to your country, and I strongly recommend Chinese tea, especially the famous Yunnan Pu-erh tea. Dueto the reason that it has a rich history in China and is a great choice if you want to explore the depths of Chinese teaculture. What’s more, it has the function of help you lose weight as well as keep healthy. Hope my recommendationcan help you. By the way, welcome to China back again. Wish you a nicejourney.Yours,Li Hua短文改错：Running, especially outside, is good for ease anxiety. While it can definitely be hardly to get up and run the firsteasing hardcouple of days, the benefits start flowing in. Throughout the day you may feel energetic, less anxious, and happiermoreon account to the release of some waste in your body. A run a day do not scare the anxiety away for everyone, and itof does butis great to do everything actively. And if you run social, your anxiety can be lessened and your social time can besociallyincreased. Try running when you have a big test which is came up. Try running the next time when you need to sitcomingdown to study for a couple of hour.hours续写参考：My dad told the other two to keep moving; we’d follow shortly. He took my hands in his and squeezed. “I’mnot leaving you. It’s almost dark. We need to keep moving. I’ll help you.” “I can’t,” I said as the tears pooled in myeyes. “You can. Just take one tiny step at a time. Don’t look at the mountain. Keep your eyes focused on your feetand on me.” Dad never let go of my hands as he continued to encourage me.“Just one tiny step at a time,” Dad repeated as we climbed together. Some of my steps were so minuscule thatwe hardly moved at all, but I clung to the power in his words. Eventually, we did make it over the ridge, grateful tofind that it was the last formidable obstacle in our way. Years have passed since that hike, and Dad’s words havecontinued to be a lifeline for me. It might take me a little longer to conquer my mountains, but one tiny step at a timewill eventually get me where I need to be.第1 页共1 页{#{ABAIIUoQogoigAgAABQJAAJ AAgQCQgCFQiCFEiCGgQOkQBCk ACAAIoCGIoBGFRAAIAAEAoBAwABBFAAQBFAAAB=A}#A}=}#}中学生标准学术能力诊断性测试2023 年9 月测试英语试卷本试卷共150 分，考试时间100 分钟。

达州市普通高中2024届第二次诊断性测试英语试题（答案在最后）该试卷由四部分组成。

第一、二部分和第三部分的第一节为选择题。

第三部分的第二节和第四部分为非选择题。

满分150分，考试用时120分钟。

注意事项：1．答题前，考生务必将自己的学校、班级、姓名、考号用0.5毫米的黑色签字笔填写在答题卡上，并检查条形码粘贴是否正确。

2．选择题（1-60）使用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡对应题目标号的位置上，非选择题用0.5毫米的黑色签字笔书写在答题卡的对应题框内，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。

3．考试结束以后，将答题卡收回。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例:How much is the shirt?A．£19.15．B．£9.15．C．£9.18．答案是B．1．What’s the man worried about?A．A coming lecture.B．The students’behavior.C．Customs in a foreign country.2．Where will the woman stay?A．At a hotel.B．At a guesthouse.C．At a backpacker hostel.3．How will the man go home?A．He will take a bus.B．His mother will pick him up.C．Jane’s mother will drive him home.4．When should the man take the cake out?A．In15minutes.B．In30minutes.C．In45minutes.5．What is the weather like in the woman’s city?A．Changeable.B．Cold.C．Windy.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

YTUN理科突击班高中2021级第一次诊断性考试参考答案英语第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节1-5ACABB第二节6-10ABBAC11-15ABCCC16-20BCABA第二部分阅读理解21．D22．A23．B【来源】江苏省2023-2024学年高三第一届“七夕杯”高中英语能力检测试题（原创模拟试题）（含听力）【导语】本文是应用文。

文章介绍了四位杰出女性。

21．细节理解题。

根据Maria Sibylla Merian部分中的“Merian was fascinated by insects,and shebegan collecting,studying,and drawing them when she was as young as13.（梅里安对昆虫非常着迷，她在13岁时就开始收集、研究和绘制昆虫。

）”可知，Maria SibyllaMerian酷爱研究昆虫。

故选D。

22．推理判断题。

根据Madam CJ.Walker部分中的“Madam C.J.Walker developed a conditionthat caused her to lose her hair,and with it,an interest in hair care.（C.J.沃克夫人患上了一种疾病，导致她失去了头发，同时也使她对护发产生了兴趣。

）”可知，Madam C.J.Walker掉发严重，因此对护发产生了兴趣。

故选A。

23．细节理解题。

根据Hedy Lamarr部分中的“But her film career is far from her only achievement.she was also a brilliant inventor.（但她的电影生涯远不是她唯一的成就。

她也是一位杰出的发明家。

）”可知，Hedy Lamarr不仅是电影明星而且是发明家。

故选B。

24．A25．C26．A27．B【来源】2023届重庆市七校高三三诊考试英语试题【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。

YTUN理科突击班高中2021级第一次诊断性考试参考答案语文1．D2．A3．D【来源】四川省绵阳市绵阳中学2022-2023学年高三上学期综合质量检测语文试题【解析】1．本题考查学生理解文章内容，筛选并整合文中信息的能力。

A.“由于人有着不同于自然界生物的长久记忆，使得记忆对于人类历史的建构异常重要”原因分析错误，原文第一段“与自然界的生物不同，人不仅有长久的记忆，而且还能通过语言、文字、图像等媒介不断强化、延伸这一能力。

就此而言，记忆对于人类历史的建构具有异乎寻常的重要性”中的“此”既指“长久的记忆”，又指“还能通过语言、文字、图像等媒介不断强化、延伸这一能力”。

选项以偏概全。

B.“古器物”错，原文第三段“历史文物作为家庭陈设或文人雅集的谈资”说的是“历史文物”，另外，原因的概括也不全面，原文说的是“它不但更便于唤醒人的历史记忆，而且让人‘身生后世，眼对前朝’，在古与今的交相辉映中有效延展了记忆的张力”。

C.“都采用‘托史言志’”错误，原文第三段“使‘托史言志’成为历代士人最重要的话语方式”说的是“最重要”的方式，而不是“都采用”。

故选D。

2．本题考查学生分析论点、论据和论证方法的能力。

A.“与民间传统的记忆呈现方式做了对比”错误，原文第三段“与民间记忆总是游离于真实历史不同，士人的相关记忆则更多奠基于实际的历史知识训练”说的是两者形成记忆的方式不同，而不是呈现记忆的方式不同。

故选A。

3．本题考查学生分析概括作者在文中的观点态度的能力。

D.“只有当人们面临的现实境遇残酷时才会被美化，成为个人情感寄托的载体”错误，由原文第一段“几乎一切过往均会成为诱发诗情记忆的对象”可知。

故选D。

4．D5．B6．①懂得人与人相处的基本礼仪。

采访伊始，ChatGPT与记者互致问候，并表示很高兴与记者交流。

②知道谦虚礼让，说话留有余地。

以没有感知能力巧妙回避火了的话题，说不能知道自己的知名度。

说自己的回答不是100％正确，告诉学生仍然需要他们思考和判断。

绝密★启用前2020届四川省绵阳市高三第三次诊断性测试数学（理）试题注意事项：1、答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息2、请将答案正确填写在答题卡上一、单选题1．设集合A＝{（x，y）|x2+y2＝1}，B＝{（x，y）|x+y＝1}，则A∩B中元素的个数是（）A．0 B．1 C．2 D．3答案：C可画出圆x2+y2＝1和直线x+y＝1的图象，从而可看出它们交点的个数，从而得出A∩B 中的元素个数．解：画出x2+y2＝1和x+y＝1的图象如下：可看出圆x2+y2＝1和直线x+y＝1有两个交点，∴A∩B的元素个数为2.故选：C．点评：考查了描述法的定义，交集的定义及运算，数形结合解题的方法，考查了计算能力，属于容易题．2．已知复数z满足（1﹣i）•z＝3i|，则z＝（）A．1﹣i B．1+i C．2﹣2i D．2+2i答案：B利用复数的运算法则、模的计算公式即可得出． 解：（1﹣i ）•z ＝|3+i|，∴（1+i ）（1﹣i ）•z ＝2（1+i ），则z ＝1+i ． 故选：B ． 点评：本题考查了复数的运算法则、模的计算公式，考查了推理能力与计算能力，属于容易题． 3．已知x •log 32＝1，则4x ＝（） A ．4 B ．6C ．432logD ．9答案：D利用对数的性质和运算法则及换底公式求解． 解：∵x •log 32＝1， ∴x ＝log 23，∴4x 243944log log ===9， 故选：D ． 点评：本题考查对数值的求法，是基础题，解题时要认真审题，注意对数的性质、运算法则及换底公式的合理运用，属于容易题．4．有报道称，据南方科技大学、上海交大等8家单位的最新研究显示：A 、B 、O 、AB 血型与COVID ﹣19易感性存在关联，具体调查数据统计如图：根据以上调查数据，则下列说法错误的是（）A ．与非O 型血相比，O 型血人群对COVID ﹣19相对不易感，风险较低B ．与非A 型血相比，A 型血人群对COVID ﹣19相对易感，风险较高C ．与O 型血相比，B 型、AB 型血人群对COVID ﹣19的易感性要高 D ．与A 型血相比，非A 型血人群对COVID ﹣19都不易感，没有风险答案：D根据频率分布直方图，利用频率、频数与样本容量的关系，患者占有比例即可解答． 解：根据A 、B 、O 、AB 血型与COVID ﹣19易感性存在关联，患者占有比例可知： A 型37.75%最高，所以风险最大值，比其它血型相对易感； 故而D 选项明显不对． 故选：D ． 点评：本题考查由频数直方图，看频数、频率，判断问题的关联性，属于中档题5．在二项式2()nx x-的展开式中，仅第四项的二项式系数最大，则展开式中常数项为（） A ．﹣360 B ．﹣160 C ．160 D ．360答案：B根据展开式二项式系数最大，求出n ＝6，然后利用展开式的通项公式进行求解即可． 解：∵展开式中，仅第四项的二项式系数最大， ∴展开式共有7项，则n ＝6， 则展开式的通项公式为T k+1＝C 6kx 6﹣k （2x-）k ＝（﹣2）k C 6kx 6﹣2k ， 由6﹣2k ＝0得k ＝3，即常数项为T 4＝（﹣2）3C 36=-160， 故选：B ． 点评：本题主要考查二项展开式的应用，求出n 的值，结合展开式的通项公式是解决本题的关键．属于中档题．6．在△ABC 中，已知sin 2sin cos C A B =，则△ABC 一定是（） A ．等腰直角三角形 B ．等腰三角形 C ．直角三角形D ．等边三角形答案：B根据三角形内角和定理以及诱导公式,将sin 2sin cos C A B =化为sin()2sin cos A B A B +=,再根据两角和的正弦公式和两角差的正弦公式的逆用公式化为in 0()s A B -=,最后根据,A B 的范围,可得A B =.解：在△ABC 中,因为sin 2sin cos C A B =, 所以sin[()]2sin cos A B A B π-+=, 所以sin()2sin cos A B A B +=所以sin cos cos sin 2sin cos A B A B A B +=, 所以sin cos cos sin 0A B A B -=, 所以in 0()s A B -=, 所以,A B k k Z π-=∈, 因为0,0A B ππ<<<<, 所以0,k A B ==,所以△ABC 一定是等腰三角形. 故选:B 点评：本题考查了三角形的内角和定理,考查了诱导公式,考查了两角和与差的正弦公式,属于基础题.7．已知两个单位向量,a b →→的夹角为120°，若向量c →═2a b →→-，则a →•c →=（） A ．52B ．32C ．2D ．3答案：A根据平面向量的数量积定义，计算即可． 解：由题意知|a →|＝|b →|＝1，且a →•b →=1×1×cos120°12=-，又向量c →═2a b →→-，所以a →•c →=22a a →→-•b →=2×1﹣（12-）52=．故选：A ． 点评：本题考查了平面向量的数量积运算问题，是基础题．8．数学与建筑的结合造就建筑艺术品，2018年南非双曲线大教堂面世便惊艳世界，如图．若将此大教堂外形弧线的一段近似看成焦点在y 轴上的双曲线()222210＞，＞0-=y x a b a b 上支的一部分，且上焦点到上顶点的距离为2，到渐近线距离为22，则此双曲线的离心率为（ ）A ．2B ．3C ．22D ．3答案：B利用已知条件求出方程组，得到a ，c ，即可求解双曲线的离心率． 解：双曲线22221(0y x a b a b-=＞，＞0）的上焦点到上顶点的距离为2，到渐近线距离为22可得：22222222c a bca b c a b -=⎧=+=+⎩，解得a ＝1，c ＝3，b ＝2， 所以双曲线的离心率为：e ca==3． 故选：B ． 点评：本题考查双曲线的简单性质的应用，双曲线的离心率的求法，是基本知识的考查，属于中档题．9．设函数f （x ）210210x x x x -⎧+=⎨--⎩，＞，＜则下列结论错误的是（）A ．函数f （x ）的值域为RB ．函数f （|x|）为偶函数C ．函数f （x ）为奇函数D ．函数f （x ）是定义域上的单调函数答案：A根据题意，依次分析选项是否正确，综合即可得答案． 解：根据题意，依次分析选项：对于A ，函数f （x ）210210x x x x -⎧+=⎨--⎩，＞，＜，当x ＞0时，f （x ）＝2x +1＞2，当x ＜0时，f（x ）＝﹣2﹣x﹣1＝﹣（2﹣x+1）＜﹣2，其值域不是R ，A 错误；对于B ，函数f （|x|），其定义域为{x|x ≠0}，有f （|﹣x|）＝f （|x|），函数f （|x|）为偶函数，B 正确；对于C ，函数f （x ）210210x x x x -⎧+=⎨--⎩，＞，＜，当x ＞0时，﹣x ＜0，有f （x ）＝2x +1，f （﹣x ）＝﹣f （x ）＝﹣2﹣x﹣1，反之当x ＜0时，﹣x ＞0，有f （x ）＝﹣2x﹣1，f （﹣x ）＝﹣f （x ）＝2x +1，综合可得：f （﹣x ）＝﹣f （x ）成立，函数f （x ）为奇函数，C 正确；对于D ，函数f （x ）210210x x x x -⎧+=⎨--⎩，＞，＜，当x ＞0时，f （x ）＝2x+1＞2，f （x ）在（0，+∞）为增函数，当x ＜0时，f （x ）＝﹣2﹣x﹣1＜﹣2，f （x ）在（﹣∞，0）上为增函数，故f （x ）是定义域上的单调函数； 故选：A ． 点评：本题考查分段函数的性质，涉及函数的值域、奇偶性、单调性的分析，属于中档题． 10．已知函数f （x ）＝sin （ωx+φ）（ω＞0，02πϕ＜＜）的最小正周期为π，且关于08π⎛⎫-⎪⎝⎭，中心对称，则下列结论正确的是（） A ．f （1）＜f （0）＜f （2） B ．f （0）＜f （2）＜f （1） C ．f （2）＜f （0）＜f （1） D ．f （2）＜f （1）＜f （0）答案：D根据条件求出函数的解析式，结合函数的单调性的性质进行转化判断即可． 解：∵函数的最小周期是π， ∴2πω=π，得ω＝2，则f （x ）＝sin （2x+φ）， ∵f （x ）关于08π⎛⎫-⎪⎝⎭，中心对称，∴2×（8π-）+φ＝k π，k ∈Z ， 即φ＝k π4π+，k ∈Z ，∵02πϕ＜＜，∴当k ＝0时，φ4π=，即f （x ）＝sin （2x 4π+），则函数在[8π-，8π]上递增，在[8π，58π]上递减，f （0）＝f （4π）， ∵4π＜1＜2，∴f （4π）＞f （1）＞f （2）， 即f （2）＜f （1）＜f （0）， 故选：D ． 点评：本题主要考查三角函数值的大小比较，根据条件求出函数的解析式，利用三角函数的单调性进行判断是解决本题的关键，属于中档题．11．已知x 为实数，[x]表示不超过x 的最大整数，若函数f （x ）＝x ﹣[x]，则函数x xg x f x e=+（）（）的零点个数为（） A ．1 B ．2C ．3D ．4答案：B函数x x g x f x e =+（）（）的零点个数，即方程xxf x e =-（）的零点个数，也就是两函数y＝f （x ）与y x xe=-的图象的交点个数，画出图象，数形结合得答案． 解：函数x x g x f x e =+（）（）的零点个数，即方程xxf x e =-（）的零点个数，也就是两函数y ＝f （x ）与y x xe =-的交点个数．由y x x e =-，得y ′21x x xx e xe x e e--=-=． 可知当x ＜1时，y ′＜0，函数单调递减，当x ＞1时，y ′＞0，函数单调递增．作出两函数y ＝f （x ）与y xxe =-的图象如图：由图可知，函数xxg x f x e =+（）（）的零点个数为2个． 故选：B ． 点评：本题考查函数的零点与方程根的关系，考查数形结合的解题思想方法，训练了利用导数研究函数的单调性，是中档题．12．在△ABC 中，∠C ＝90°，AB ＝2，3AC =，D 为AC 上的一点（不含端点），将△BCD 沿直线BD 折起，使点C 在平面ABD 上的射影O 在线段AB 上，则线段OB 的取值范围是（） A ．（12，1） B ．（12，32） C ．（32，1） D ．（0，32） 答案：A由题意，OC ⊥平面ABD ，根据三余弦定理，线线角的余弦值等于线面角的余弦值与射影角余弦值的积，从而求解. 解：由题意，OC ⊥平面ABD ， 如图：设∠CBD ＝θ，∠CBO ＝θ1，则∠ABD ＝60°-θ；则cos θ＝cos θ1×cos （60°﹣θ） 所以cos θ1()6013cos cos tan θθθ==︒-+∵θ∈（30°，60°）； ∴OB ＝cos θ1∈（12，1）． 故选：A ．本题考查△ABC 的折叠和三余弦定理（最小角定理），要求熟悉余弦定理，属于中档题． 二、填空题13．已知cossin22αα-=，则sin α＝_____． 答案：45将已知等式两边平方，利用同角三角函数基本关系式，二倍角的正弦函数公式即可求解． 解：∵225cossinαα-=， ∴两边平方可得：cos 22α+sin 22α-2cos 1sin 225αα=，可得1﹣sin α15=， ∴sin α45=． 故答案为：45．点评：本题主要考查了同角三角函数基本关系式，二倍角的正弦函数公式在三角函数化简求值中的应用，考查了转化思想，属于容易题．14．若曲线f （x ）＝e x cosx ﹣mx ，在点（0，f （0））处的切线的倾斜角为34π，则实数m ＝_____． 答案：2对函数求导，然后得f ′（0）314tan π==-，由此求出m 的值． 解：f ′（x ）＝e x（cosx ﹣sinx ）﹣m ．∴3'0114f m tan π=-==-（）． ∴m ＝2． 故答案为：2 点评：本题考查导数的几何意义以及切线问题．抓住切点处的导数为切线斜率列方程是本题的基本思路．属于容易题．15．已知F 1，F 2是椭圆C ：()222210x y a b a b+=＞＞的两个焦点，P 是椭圆C ．上的一点，∠F 1PF 2＝120°，且△F 1PF 2的面积为43，则b ＝_____． 答案：2根据正余弦定理可得PF 1•PF 2＝16且4c 2＝（2a ）2﹣16，解出b 即可． 解：△F 1PF 2的面积12=PF 1•PF 2sin120°34=PF 1•PF 2＝43，则PF 1•PF 2＝16， 又根据余弦定理可得cos120°2221212122PF PF F F PF PF +-=⋅，即4c 2＝PF 12+PF 22+16＝（2a ）2﹣32+16，所以4b 2＝16，解得b ＝2， 故答案为：2． 点评：本题考查椭圆性质，考查正、余弦定理的应用，属于中档题．16．在一个半径为2的钢球内放置一个用来盛特殊液体的正四棱柱容器，要使该容器所盛液体尽可能多，则该容器的高应为_____． 答案：433设正四棱柱的高为h ，底面边长为a ，用h 表示出a ，写出正四棱柱容器的容积，利用导数求出V 取最大值时对应的h 值． 解：设正四棱柱的高为h ，底面边长为a ，如图所示；则h 2+2a 2＝（2×2）2， 所以a 2＝812-h 2，所以正四棱柱容器的容积为V ＝a 2h ＝（812-h 2）h 12=-h 3+8h ，h ∈（0，4）；求导数得V ′32=-h 2+8，令V ′＝0，解得h 3=，所以h ∈（0，3）时，V ′＞0，V （h ）单调递增；h ，4）时，V ′＜0，V （h ）单调递减；所以h =时，V 取得最大值．故答案为：3． 点评：本题考查了球内接正四棱柱的体积的最值问题，也考查了利用导数求函数的最值问题，是中档题． 三、解答题17．若数列{a n }的前n 项和为S n ，已知a 1＝1，a n+123n S =． （1）求S n ； （2）设b n 1n s =，求证：b 1+b 2+b 3+…+b n 52＜． 答案：（1）S n ＝（53）n ﹣1；（2）详见解析． （1）由数列的递推式：a n+1＝S n+1﹣S n ，结合等比数列的定义和通项公式，可得所求； （2）求得b n 1n s ==（35）n ﹣1，由等比数列的求和公式和不等式的性质，即可得证． 解： （1）a n+123n S =，可得a n+1＝S n+1﹣S n 23=S n ， 由a 1＝1，可得S 1＝1，即S n+153=S n ，可得数列{S n }是首项为1，公比为53的等比数列， 则S n ＝（53）n ﹣1；（2）证明：b n 1n s ==（35）n ﹣1， 则b 1+b 2+b 3+…+b n 31()55532215n-==--•（35）n 52＜．点评：本题考查数列的递推式和等比数列的通项公式和求和公式的运用，考查定义法和运算能力、推理能力，属于中档题．18．如图，已知点S 为正方形ABCD 所在平面外一点，△SBC 是边长为2的等边三角形，点E 为线段SB 的中点．（1）证明：SD//平面AEC ；（2）若侧面SBC ⊥底面ABCD ，求平面ACE 与平面SCD 所成锐二面角的余弦值． 答案：（1）详见解析；（215． （1）连接BD 交AC 于F ，连接EF ，由已知结合三角形的中位线定理可得EF ∥SD ，再由直线与平面平行的判定可得SD ∥平面AEC ；（2）取BC 的中点O ，连接OF 并延长，可知OF ⊥OC ，利用线面垂直的判定定理与性质定理可得：OS ⊥OF ，OS ⊥OC ，建立空间直角坐标系，分别求出平面CDS 与平面ACE 的一个法向量，由两法向量所成角的余弦值可得平面ACE 与平面SCD 所成锐二面角的余弦值． 解：（1）证明：连接BD 交AC 于F ，连接EF ，∵ABCD 为正方形，F 为BD 的中点，且E 为BS 的中点， ∴EF ∥SD ．又SD ⊄平面AEC ，EF ⊂平面AEC ， ∴SD ∥平面AEC ；（2）取BC 的中点O ，连接OF 并延长，可知OF ⊥OC ，在等边三角形SBC 中，可得SO ⊥BC ，∵侧面SBC ⊥底面ABCD ，且侧面SBC ∩底面ABCD ＝BC ， ∴SO ⊥平面ABCD ，得OS ⊥OF ，OS ⊥OC ．以O 为坐标原点，分别以OF ，OC ，OS 所在直线为x ，y ，z 轴建立空间直角坐标系，得：A （2，﹣1，0），C （0，1，0），E （0，12-3，D （2，1，0），S （0，03． ()200CD →=，，，(03CS →=-，，，()220AC →=-，，，1322AE →⎛=- ⎝⎭，，． 设平面CDS 与平面ACE 的一个法向量分别为()n x y z ，，=，()111m x y z =，，．由2030n CD x n CS y z ⎧⋅==⎪⎨⋅=-+=⎪⎩，取z ＝1，得()031n →=，，； 由1111122013202m AC x y m AE x y ⎧⋅=-+=⎪⎨⋅=-++=⎪⎩，取x 1＝1，得(3m →=，，． ∴cos231525m nm n m n→→→→→→⋅===⋅＜，＞． ∴平面ACE 与平面SCD 15． 点评：本题考查直线与平面平行与垂直的判定、法向量与数量积的应用、空间角，考查空间想象能力与思维能力、计算能力，属中档题．19．2020年3月，各行各业开始复工复产，生活逐步恢复常态，某物流公司承担从甲地到乙地的蔬菜运输业务．已知该公司统计了往年同期200天内每天配送的蔬菜量X （40≤X ＜200，单位：件．注：蔬菜全部用统一规格的包装箱包装），并分组统计得到表格如表：若将频率视为概率，试解答如下问题：（1）该物流公司负责人决定随机抽出3天的数据来分析配送的蔬菜量的情况，求这3天配送的蔬菜量中至多有2天小于120件的概率；（2）该物流公司拟一次性租赁一批货车专门运营从甲地到乙地的蔬菜运输．已知一辆货车每天只能运营一趟，每辆货车每趟最多可装载40件，满载才发车，否则不发车．若发车，则每辆货车每趟可获利2000元；若未发车，则每辆货车每天平均亏损400元．为使该物流公司此项业务的营业利润最大，该物流公司应一次性租赁几辆货车？ 答案：（1）485512；（2）3． （1）记事件A 为“在200天随机抽取1天，其蔬菜量小于120件”，则P （A ）38=，由此能求出随机抽取的3天中配送的蔬菜量中至多有2天的蔬菜量小于120件的概率． （2）由题意得每天配送蔬菜量X 在[40，80），[80，120），[120，160），[160，200）的概率分别为11118428，，，，设物流公司每天的营业利润为Y ，若租赁1辆车，则Y 的值为2000元，若租赁2辆车，则Y 的可能取值为4000，1600，若租赁3辆车，则Y 的可能取值为6000，3600，1200，若租赁4辆车，则Y 的可能取值为8000，5600，3200，800，分别求出相应的数学期望，推导出为使该物流公司此项业务的营业利润最大，该物流公司应一次性租赁3辆货车． 解：（1）记事件A 为“在200天随机抽取1天，其蔬菜量小于120件”， 则P （A ）38=， ∴随机抽取的3天中配送的蔬菜量中至多有2天的蔬菜量小于120件的概率为：p 22120333335355485()()()88888512C C C ⎛⎫⎛⎫=++= ⎪⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭． （2）由题意得每天配送蔬菜量X 在[40，80），[80，120），[120，160），[160，200）的概率分别为11118428，，，， 设物流公司每天的营业利润为Y ， 若租赁1辆车，则Y 的值为2000元，若租赁2辆车，则Y的可能取值为4000，1600，P（Y＝4000）78=，P（Y＝1600）18=，∴Y的分布列为：∴E（Y）＝4000160086⨯+⨯=3700元．若租赁3辆车，则Y的可能取值为6000，3600，1200，P（Y＝6000）58 =，P（Y＝3600）14 =，P（Y＝1200）18 =，∴Y的分布列为：∴E（Y）600036001200848=⨯+⨯+⨯=4800元，若租赁4辆车，则Y的可能取值为8000，5600，3200，800，P（Y＝8000）18 =，P（Y＝5600）12 =，P（Y＝3200）14 =，P（Y＝800）18 =，∴Y的分布列为：∴E（Y）8000560032008008248=⨯+⨯+⨯+⨯=4700，∵4800＞4700＞3700＞2000，∴为使该物流公司此项业务的营业利润最大，该物流公司应一次性租赁3辆货车． 点评：本题考查概率、离散型随机变量的分布列、数学期望的求法，考查频数分布表、古典概型等基础知识，考查运算求解能力，是中档题． 20．已知函数f （x ）＝ax ﹣（a+2）lnx 2x-+2，其中a ∈R ． （1）当a ＝4时，求函数f （x ）的极值；（2）试讨论函数f （x ）在（1，e ）上的零点个数．答案：（1）极大值6ln2，极小值4；（2）分类讨论，详见解析．（1）把a ＝4代入后对函数求导，然后结合导数可求函数的单调性，进而可求极值； （2）先对函数求导，然后结合导数与单调性关系对a 进行分类讨论，确定导数符号，然后结合导数与函数的性质可求． 解：（1）当a ＝4时，f （x ）＝4x ﹣6lnx 2x -+2，()()22221162'4x x f x x x x--=-+=（），x ＞0，易得f （x ）在（0，12），（1，+∞）上单调递增，在（112，）上单调递减， 故当x 12=时，函数取得极大值f （12）＝6ln2，当x ＝1时，函数取得极小值f （1）＝4，（2）()()222122'ax x a f x a x x x--+=-+=（）， 当a ≤0时，f （x ）在（1，e ）上单调递减，f （x ）＜f （1）＝a ≤0，此时函数在（1，e ）上没有零点；当a ≥2时，f （x ）在（1，e ）上单调递增，f （x ）＞f （1）＝a ≥2，此时函数在（1，e ）上没有零点； 当02a e≤＜即2e a ≥时，f （x ）在（1，e ）上单调递减，由题意可得，1020f a f e ae a e =⎧⎪⎨=--⎪⎩（）＞（）＜， 解可得，0()21a e e -＜＜，当22a e ＜＜即21e a＜＜时，f （x ）在（1，2a ）上单调递减，在（2e a ，）上单调递增， 由于f （1）＝a ＞0，f （e ）＝a （e ﹣1）()2224120e e e e e ---=-＞＞，令g （a ）＝f （2a ）＝2﹣（a+2）ln 2a-a+2＝（a+2）lna ﹣（1+ln2）a+4﹣2ln2，令h （a ）2'2g a lna ln a ==+-（），则22'a h a a-=（）＜0， 所以h （a ）在（22e ，）上递减，h （a ）＞h （2）＝1＞0，即g ′（a ）＞0， 所以g （a ）在（22e ，）上递增，g （a ）＞g （2e ）＝240e-＞， 即f （2a）＞0，所以f （x ）在（1，e ）上没有零点， 综上，当0＜a ()21e e -＜时，f （x ）在（1，e ）上有唯一零点，当a ≤0或a ()21e e ≥-时，f （x ）在（1，e ）上没有零点．点评：本题综合考查了导数与函数性质的应用，体现了转化思想与分类讨论思想的应用，属于难题．21．已知动直线l 过抛物线C ：y 2＝4x 的焦点F ，且与抛物线C 交于M ，N 两点，且点M 在x 轴上方．（1）若线段MN 的垂直平分线交x 轴于点Q ，若|FQ|＝8，求直线l 的斜率； （2）设点P （x 0，0），若点M 恒在以FP 为直径的圆外，求x 0的取值范围．答案：（1）3±；（2）x 0∈[0，1）∪（1，9）． （1）由题意可得直线l 的斜率存在且不为0，设l 的方程与抛物线联立，求出两根之和及两根之积，进而可得MN 的中点坐标，进而可得MN 的中垂线方程，令y ＝0可得Q 的坐标，进而求出|QF|的值，由题意可得直线l 的斜率；（2）由题意可得∠FMP 为锐角，等价于MF MP →→⋅＞0，求出MF MP →→⋅的表达式，换元等价于h （t ）＝t 2+（3﹣x 0）4+x 0，t ＞0恒成立，分两种情况求出x 0取值范围． 解：（1）由题意可得直线l 的斜率存在且不为0，设直线l 的方程为：x ＝ty+1，设M （x 1，y 1），N （x 2，y 2），线段MN 的最大E （x 0，y 0），联立直线与抛物线的方程可得：214x ty y x =+⎧⎨=⎩，整理可得y 2﹣4ty ﹣4＝0， 所以y 1+y 2＝4t ，y 1y 2＝﹣4，所以y 0＝2t ，x 0＝ty 0+1＝2t 2+1，即E （2t 2+1，2t ）， 故线段MN 的中垂线方程为：y ﹣2t ＝﹣t （x ﹣2t 2﹣1）， 令y ＝0，则Q （2t 2+3，0）， 所以|FQ|＝|22+3﹣1|＝8， 解得t =，所以直线l 的斜率k 1t ==； （2）点M 恒在以FP 为直径的圆外，则∠FMP 为锐角，等价于MF MP →→⋅＞0，设M （214y ，y 1），F （1，0），P （x 0，0），则MP →=（x 0214y -，﹣y 1），MF →=（1214y -，﹣y 1），故MF MP →→⋅=（x 0214y -）（1214y -）+y 1242113164y y =++（1214y -）x 0＞0恒成立， 令t 214y =，t ＞0，原式等价于t 2+3t+（1﹣t ）x 0＞0对任意t ＞0恒成立，即t 2+（3﹣x 0）4+x 0＞0对任意t ＞0恒成立， 令h （t ）＝t 2+（3﹣x 0）4+x 0，t ＞0， ①△＝（3﹣x 0）2﹣4x 0＜0，即1＜x 0＜9，②0030200x h ∆≥⎧⎪-⎪≤⎨⎪≥⎪⎩（），解得0≤x 0≤1，又因为x 0≠1，故x 0∈[0，1）， 综上所述x 0∈[0，1）∪（1，9）． 点评：本题考查抛物线的性质及直线与抛物线的综合及点在圆外的性质，属于中难题． 22．如图，在极坐标系中，曲线C 1是以C 1（4，0）为圆心的半圆，曲线C 2是以22C π⎫⎪⎭，为圆心的圆，曲线C 1、C 2都过极点O ．（1）分别写出半圆C 1，C 2的极坐标方程； （2）直线l ：()3R πθρ=∈与曲线C 1，C 2分别交于M 、N 两点（异于极点O ），P 为C 2上的动点，求△PMN 面积的最大值． 答案：（1）1:C 802cos πρθθ⎛⎫=≤≤⎪⎝⎭；2:C ()230sin ρθθπ=≤≤；（2）334． （1）直接利用转换关系的应用，把参数方程极坐标方程和直角坐标方程之间进行转换． （2）利用三角函数关系式的变换和三角形的面积的公式的应用求出结果． 解：（1）曲线C 1是以C 1（4，0）为圆心的半圆， 所以半圆的极坐标方程为802cos πρθθ⎛⎫=≤≤⎪⎝⎭， 曲线C 2是以232C π⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭，为圆心的圆，转换为极坐标方程为()230sin ρθθπ=≤≤．（2）由（1）得：|MN|＝|823|133M N cossinππρρ-=-=．显然当点P 到直线MN 的距离最大时，△PMN 的面积最大． 此时点P 为过C 2且与直线MN 垂直的直线与C 2的一个交点， 设PC 2与直线MN 垂直于点H ， 如图所示：在Rt △OHC 2中，|223|6HC OC sinπ==所以点P 到直线MN 的最大距离d 22333||3C HC r =+==， 所以113333122PMNSMN d =⨯⋅=⨯=点评：本题考查的知识要点：参数方程极坐标方程和直角坐标方程之间的转换，三角函数关系式的恒等变换，三角形的面积公式的应用，主要考查学生的运算能力和转换能力及思维能力，属于中档题．23．已知函数f （x ）＝|x ﹣2|+|x+1|． （1）解关于x 的不等式f （x ）≤5；（2）若函数f （x ）的最小值记为m ，设a ，b ，c 均为正实数，且a+4b+9c ＝m ，求11149a b c++的最小值．答案：（1）{x|﹣2≤x ≤3}；（2）3．（1）将f （x ）写为分段函数的形式，然后根据f （x ）≤5，利用零点分段法解不等式即可；（2）利用绝对值三角不等式求出f （x ）的最小值m ，然后由a+4b+9c ＝m ，根据111111149349a b c a b c ⎛⎫++=++ ⎪⎝⎭（a+4b+9c ），利用基本不等式求出11149a b c++的最小值． 解：（1）f （x ）＝|x ﹣2|+|x+1|212312211x x x x x -⎧⎪=-≤≤⎨⎪-+-⎩，＞，，＜． ∵f （x ）≤5， ∴2152x x -≤⎧⎨⎩＞或﹣1≤x ≤2或2151x x -+≤⎧⎨-⎩＜，∴﹣2≤x ≤3，∴不等式的解集为{x|﹣2≤x ≤3}．（2）∵f （x ）＝|x ﹣2|+|x+1|⩾|（x ﹣2）﹣（x+1）|＝1 ∴f （x ）的最小值为1，即m ＝3， ∴a+4b+9c ＝3．()11111114949349a b c a b c a b c ⎛⎫++=++++ ⎪⎝⎭ 14499334949b a b c c a a b c b a c ⎛⎫=++++++ ⎪⎝⎭21 1323⎛+= ⎝3， 当且仅当1493a b c ===时等号成立， ∴11149a b c++最小值为3． 点评：本题考查了绝对值不等式的解法，绝对值三角不等式和利用基本不等式求最值，考查了分类讨论思想和转化思想，属中档题．。

2023届四川省绵阳市高三第二次诊断性考试英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解The following list focuses on the top4not-to-be-missed world-class museums,helping tourists explore and experience the best the New York City has to offer.COOPER HEWITT,SMITHSONIAN DESIGN MUSEUMThe Cooper Hewitt,Smithsonian Design Museum(CHSDM)was founded in1897.It is the only museum in the U.S.devoted to historic and contemporary design.Exhibitions feature more than650objects throughout four floors of the building,many of which draw from the museum’s permanent collection of more than210,000objects.Free guided tours are provided from11:30AM to1:30PM on weekdays and1PM to3PM on weekends.MUSEUM OF THE MOVING IMAGEThe Museum of the Moving Image(MOMI)is housed on the original13-acre lot that made up the historic Kaufman Astoria Studios.Lose yourself in the permanent exhibit, Behind the Screen,which introduces visitors to the history of the moving image from19th-century optical(视觉的)toys to today’s digital tools used to edit and produce films.AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORYOne of the world’s largest natural history museums with more than33million exhibits, the AMNH educates and entertains visitors,keeping them busy for hours on end.The museum offers self-guided tours,including one featuring exhibits from the movie,Night at the Museum with Ben Stiller.There are a handful of places to eat inside should the kids get hungry.The kid sleepovers at the AMNH are impressive.NEW-YORK HISTORICAL SOCIETYThe New-York Historical Society(NYHS)was founded in1804as New York’s first museum.The Henry Luce II Center for the Study of American Culture on the fourth floor has been redesigned to showcase The Gallery of Tiffany lamps,displayed in a glass gallery.The Center for Women’s History is the first of its kind in a U.S.museum devoted to this subject.It offers free daily tours at2and3:30PM.1．When can you get free guided tours at the CHSDM?A．At12:30PM Monday.B．At2:30PM Thursday.C．At10:30AM Saturday.D．At11:30AM Sunday.2．Which museum provides special care for children?A．CHSDM B．MOMI.C．AMNH.D．NYHS. 3．What is special about NYHS?A．It has the longest history.B．It focuses on human history.C．It provides free tours all day long.D．It tells the history of the moving image.What are the most sustainable crops to grow for food security?Perhaps,in your growing zones,oranges or peaches win for best fruit crop.Hot,dry climates might call for dates or grapes.For me,growing organic apples is the best.Perhaps that’s because my hometown knows more about growing and preserving apples than any other fruit.Some apples may have worms in them.“It’s not that bad.It’s organic.Just cut the worm out.”I laugh even as I type this.For us,“organic”is how we grow apples,but it does mean carving good fruit away from black worm holes.Modern techniques for growing organic apples include worm traps,fruit barriers,and organic insecticides,like bacterial poisons that only target worms.Wormy apples are just fine for apple juice and jam,Mom says.Cut off the good part and throw it in the pot.Throw the bad part to the chickens.Boil the fruit and put juice into canning jars.Apple jam become pancake topping and the replacement“oil”in recipes—that is,if we don’t eat it directly out of the jar.Apples are now so symbolic to American life that other countries try out the market.When I was younger,I might have laughed at that because of how connected apples and American stories have become,despite the fact that apples aren’t native to North America.But a good friend,after visiting several farms in his motherland Nigeria,showed me photos of Nigerian apples.The skin texture(质地)and color resembled American apples,but they were shaped more like oxheart tomatoes.So even though apples have taken on symbolic significance in America,they can contribute to food security in all kinds of places. 4．What’s the passage mainly about?A．Organic food and modern techniques.B．American and African apples.C．Climate and growing crops.D．Apples and food security.5．What happens to the good parts of wormy apples?A．They are thrown away.B．They are made into apple juice. C．They are sold to customers.D．They are fed to the chickens. 6．What does the author learn from his friend?A．Apples are not native to North America.B．Other countries are also growing apples.C．Apples outside America are ugly-looking.D．People of other countries don’t like apples.7．What can be inferred from the passage?A．America produces the best apples of the world.B．Poisons are no longer used on apples in America.C．The author is proud of apples grown in his hometown.D．Apple juice and jam are actually made from wormy apples.Kjell Inge Roekke is a billionaire owner of an oil company from Norway.As a young man,he was a high school dropout who moved to the US to become an ordinary fisherman. Now he is the tenth-richest man in his country.Worth two billion dollars,he plans to give much of his money away and is starting with cleaning up our oceans.In the Pacific Ocean, there is an island called the Great Pacific Garbage Patch,which is twice the size of the continental United States.It consists of nothing but small pieces of plastic and the dead bodies of sea life and birds.The billionaire is buying a state-of-the-art ship.With the latest equipment on board,the ship will remove five tons of plastic from our oceans daily.Kjell started his business empire building industrial fishing boats.He believes he owes his fortune to the ocean and wants to pay the debt back.“I want to give back to society the majority of what I’ve earned.This ship is a part of it.”said the seagoing man.Managed by the conservation organization WWF,the ship’s mission is to get the poisonous things out of the oceans.It couldn’t come at a better time.Earlier this year a killer whale washed up on a UK shore was poisoned by man-made chemicals.The whale called Lulu was the most poisoned on record.It was20years old and had never reproduced because her body had been badly damaged.Kjell has given WWF complete control of the boat.The conservation organization is not comfortable with the practices of the Norwegian’s oil business.Yet in the struggle to save the environment,unlikely partners must work together.Without the world’s oceans,life on Earth wouldn’t exist.8．What has Kjell decided to do?A．Make our oceans clean again.B．Put an end to his oil business.C．Stop using plastics in his daily life.D．Remove the rubbish with his own hands.9．What does“state-of-the-art”in Paragraph4probably mean?A．Beautiful.B．Advanced.C．Expensive.D．Comfortable. 10．Why is Lulu the whale mentioned in the passage?A．To ask people to help the creature.B．To invite people to join in the effort.C．To stress the consequence of the pollution.D．To draw attention to the Great Pacific Garbage Patch.11．Why does WWF decide to work with Kjell?A．Ocean pollution calls for combined action.B．It is comfortable to work with a billionaire.C．His business is friendly to the environment.D．He has given up control of his newly bought ship.If you are forgetful or make mistakes when in a hurry,a new study from Michigan State University(MSU)found that meditation(冥想)could help you to become less likely to make mistakes.The research,published in Brain Sciences,tested how open monitoring meditation (OMM)changed brain activity in a way that suggests increased error recognition.The findings suggest that different forms of meditation can have different effects.“Some forms of meditation have you focus on a single object,commonly your breath,but OMM is a bit different,”Lin said.“It has you pay attention to everything going on in your mind and body. The goal is to sit quietly and pay close attention to where the mind travels without getting too caught up in the scenery.”Lin and his MSU co-authors—William Eckerle,Ling Peng and Jason Moser—employed more than200participants to test how OMM affected how people detect and respond to errors.The participants,who had never meditated before,were taken through a 20-minute OMM exercise while the researchers measured brain activity through EEG(脑电图).While the meditators didn’t have immediate improvements to actual task performance, the researchers’findings offer a promising window into the potential of sustained meditation.“These findings are a strong demonstration of what just20minutes of meditation can do to enhance the brain’s ability to detect and pay attention to mistakes,”Moser said.“It makes us feel more confident in what meditation might really be capable of for performance and daily functioning right there in the moment.”Looking ahead,Lin said,“The next phase of research will determine whether changes in brain activity can translate to behavioral changes with more long-term practice.It’s great to see the public’s enthusiasm for meditation,but there’s still plenty of work from a scientific viewpoint to be done to understand the benefits it can have,and equally importantly,how it actually works.”12．How does OMM differ from other forms of mediation?A．It fixes your focus on your breath.B．It keeps your mind and body calm.C．It makes you caught up in the scenery.D．It enables you to be aware of everything.13．What does the results of the research show?A．The mediators acquire the habit of meditating regularly.B．The mediators can improve their ability to recognize errors.C．Meditation has an immediate influence on task performance.D．Meditation can increase people’s confidence about themselves.14．What will the research team try to find out next?A．How to monitor brain activity.B．How to sustain meditation practice.C．Meditation’s influence on behavior.D．The public’s response to meditation.15．What can be a suitable title for the text?A．Meditation Helps People Sit QuietlyB．OMM Helps Measure People’s Brain ActivityC．Brain Activity Improves People’s PerformanceD．Meditation May Help People Make Fewer Mistakes二、七选五Everyone at some time feels that their life is going nowhere-and fast.____16____ Nothing can beat living an active,purposeful,successful life filled with happiness and achievement.So,don’t waste time.Do the following things to make your life better and more enjoyable.Treat yourself.It doesn’t matter if it’s a meal out,a visit to a theater,or a visit to a spa.Don’t make excuses about not having time or money.____17____It’s not hard to organize some time in your day if you want to.Remember,no more excuses!You are worth it!Take up a hobby.When you lead a boring life,it is great to have something to think about that takes you into another world.Hobbies are brilliant for giving you something different to do that you enjoy.If you love to read,devote time to just sitting with a book and losing yourself in an imaginary world.The whole point of a hobby is that it is something for you.____18____ Learn a skill.Learning a new skill is one of the most satisfying things you can do.____19____A great way to learn a skill is to join a class.Not only will you learn,but you will make new friends.Whether it’s learning a foreign language or playing a musical instrument,there will be a class near your home.____20____Often we lose sight of the positive,beneficial things in our lives.Everyone has things to be grateful for and making a list helps to concentrate your mind on these positives.Sit down with a pad and pencil,preferably in a quiet place where you won’t be disturbed.Allow yourself a few minutes to think about your life and identify the good things.A．Stay positive．B．Create a gratitude list．C．And it shouldn’t cost you too much．D．Treats can be free,and you can always make time．E．It is time to do something to increase the quality of your life．F．It doesn’t matter what it is if you enjoy it and can be absorbed by it．G．You will feel a sense of achievement that will boost your self-image．三、完形填空Christian Liden was always hatching a plan to create a personalized engagement ring for his future fiancée(未婚妻).If a natural____21____could take billions of years to form,he figured he could be____22____.Liden____23____that he would not pick out a ring in a jeweler’s case like most other people.Instead,he would go into the____24____to find his own the diamond or the gold to express his____25____.“This is the perfect way to get an engagement ring,”said Liden.Last year,Liden concluded that it was____26____time to____27____his plan into action.He and his girlfriend,Desirae,had been together for more than five years.He wanted to____28____her,and also wanted to____29____her.So Liden and Tucker,his best friend,_____30_____on a camping trip to Crater of Diamonds Park-a volcanic one,Yellowstone,which_____31_____the public to search for real diamonds-and_____32_____what they find.However,only1in10,000searchers is_____33_____enough to find a diamond that weighs a carat(克拉)or more.Knowing about this,still,Liden and Tucker set out.On arriving at the destination,the _____34_____paid$10each to get into the park.They spent almost three days_____35_____through the_____36_____dirt.On the third morning,Liden suddenly_____37_____something reflecting light in the gravel before him:a_____38_____pebble(砾石)a bit larger than a pea.“I was so excited that I started shaking,and I called Tucker_____39_____to take a look,”he says.Tucker let out a surprised cry when he saw the stone.“We both just knew it was_____40_____diamond,”Liden says.21．A．stone B．diamond C．sword D．model 22．A．anxious B．angry C．patient D．sorrowful 23．A．imagined B．assumed C．decided D．predicted24．A．shop B．river C．park D．wild 25．A．love B．dream C．desire D．dependence 26．A．finally B．firstly C．accidentally D．possibly 27．A．draw B．put C．strike D．tear 28．A．acquire B．control C．surround D．marry 29．A．support B．terrify C．tease D．surprise 30．A．headed out B．kicked off C．took away D．put up 31．A．requires B．allows C．teaches D．encourages 32．A．collect B．donate C．keep D．sell 33．A．quick B．clever C．lucky D．able 34．A．pair B．couple C．company D．troop 35．A．weighing B．searching C．wandering D．examining 36．A．volcanic B．geographic C．scientific D．romantic 37．A．stamped B．spotted C．picked D．scratched 38．A．pale B．huge C．shiny D．dizzy 39．A．off B．up C．along D．over 40．A．solid B．rough C．big D．real四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

中学生标准学术能力诊断性测试2024年1月测试英语试卷本试卷共 150分，考试时间100 分钟。

第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分 60分)第一节(共15 小题；每小题3分，满分 45分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

AFrom hawk hikes to private sleepovers at the zoo, there is a great selection of animal-related experiences available to groups. Here are some top options to get closer to various wonderful wildlife.Chester ZooThe newest attractions here are the Madagascar Lemur Walkthrough experience, which gives visitors the opportunity to walk alongside ring-tailed and red-ruffed lemurs, and the interactive American Wetland Aviary, which is home to birds like scarlet ibises and flamingos. Group rates are available for parties of 15or more and there are various catering options, including sit-down meals at the restaurant at the heart of the zoo.ZSL Whipsnade ZooUntil September 2022, it is offering groups of up to 60 the opportunity to experience a private Nature Night, on which they’ll get to explore the zoo privately after the public has left, take part in activities like quizzes, camp overnight, and get up early for a private tour along the green trail before it reopens to the public again.West Midland Safari ParkThe latest attraction at the park is the new African Walking Trail. Opened in May, the trail features three viewpoints that allow visitors to see the park's African animals on foot. There's also a four-mile drive-through safari area with red panda, penguin and lorikeet areas. Groups of ten plus, arriving in the same vehicle, can save more than 40%.Knowsley Safari ParkThe five-mile safari drive through the site takes you past free-roaming lions, rhinos and more than 100cheeky baboons. There's a foot safari area, where the highlight is the Amur Tiger Trail with transparent walled viewing areas where you can get nose-to-nose with 450-pound tigers. Groups of 15 people and more, arriving in one vehicle, qualify for special ticket rates.1. Who is the passage intended for?A. Animal-loving students.B. Forest hiking fans.C. Group tour organizers.D. Wildlife preservationists.2. Visitors can experience private tours in .A. Chester ZooB. ZSL Whipsnade ZooC. West Midland Safari ParkD. Knowsley Safari Park3. From the passage, we know that .A. delicious meals are offered to tourists in the four parksB. private tours are available in the four parksC. all the parks can provide driving-through servicesD. visitors can have access to walking trails in the four parksBScientists regularly make vital new discoveries, but few can claim to have invented an entirely new field of science. Chemist Carolyn Bertozzi is one of them. Her discovery of biorthogonal chemistry(生物正交化学) in 2003 created a brand-new discipline of scientific investigation, which has enabled countless advances in medical science and led to a far greater understanding of biology at a molecular(分子的) level. On October 5, Bertozzi was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, jointly with two other professors. She is also the only woman to be awarded a Nobel Prize in science this year, after an all-male line-up in 2021.Bertozzi was the middle daughter of an MIT physics professor and a secretary. Few predicted that Bertozzi would be the most famous person in the family. While her academic performance was not bad in high school, she was fond of playing soccer. She end ed up being admitted to Harvard University. Despite her talent in soccer, she found it too time-consuming and quit the sport to devote herself to academics.But before becoming a rock star scientist, Bertozzi almost became an actual rock star. When she started at Harvard, she was tempted to major in music. That idea was “unpopular” with her parents, and she was timid about defying them. Instead, she chose the premed (医学预科的) track that included classes in math and sciences, and declared herself a biology major at the end of her first year of college.Her interest in music did not completely fall by the wayside, however. Bertozzi played keyboards and sang backup vocals for a hair metal band. Bertozzi, however, did not play with the band for long. Once the band's practices and performances conflicted with her labs and classes, there was only one outcome.Plus, she’d soon have organic chemistry to think about a course which is infamous for weeding out pre-meds. Without any clear career ambitions up to that point, Bertozzi had been thinking about possibly becoming a doctor when, in her sophomore year(大二学年), she suddenly fell so head over heels in love with her chemistry course that she couldn't tear herself away from her textbooks long enough to go out onSaturday nights. A torture to many was pure pleasure for her. Bertozzi changed her major from bi ology to chemistry a year later.Bertozzi has sometimes joked about her having missed out on her chance to follow Morello to LosAngeles. “I didn't get on that bus, and my playing is now limited to ‘The Wheel s on the Bus Go Round,’ I'm waiting for my sons to get old enough to appreciate 1980s heavy metal!”4. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. Bertozzi is one of those scientists who made significant new discoveries.B. Bertozzi was the only female to win a Nobel Prize in science in 2021.C. Bertozzi played keyboards and sang backup vocals throughout her college years.D. Bertozzi initially planned to become a doctor.5. The underlined word in Para 3 means .A. tellB. disobeyC. approachD. threaten6. The organic chemistry course Bertozzi took was known to be .A. easy and enjoyableB. difficult to pass for pre-med studentsC. popular among hair metal band playersD. a required course for all college students7. What kind of person do you think Carolyn Bertozzi is?A. Brave and sympathetic.B. Athletic and critical.C. Humble and passionate.D. Talented and creative.CWillie Sutton, a once celebrated American criminal, was partly famous for saying he robbed banks because “that’s where the money is.” Actually, museums are where the money is. In a single gallery there can be paintings worth more, taken together, than a whole fleet of jets. And while banks can hide their money in basements, museums have to put their valuables in plain sight.Nothing could be worse than the thought of a painting as important as The Scream, Edvard Munch's impressive image of a man screaming against the backdrop of a blood-red sky, disappearing into a criminal underworld that doesn't care much about careful treatment of art works. Art theft is a vast problem around the world. As many as 10,000 precious items of all kinds disappear each year. And for smaller museums in particular, it may not be a problem they can afford to solve. The money for insurance on very famous pictures would be budget destroyers even for the largest museums.Although large museums have had their share of embarrassing robberies, the greatest problem is small institutions. Neither can afford heavy security. Large museums attach alarms to their most valuable paintings, but a modest alarm system can cost $500,000 or more. Some museums are looking into tracking equipment that would allow them to follow stolen items once they leave the museums. But conservators are concerned that if they have to insert something, it might damage the object. Meanwhile, smaller museums can barely afford enough guards, relying instead on elderly staff.Thieves sometimes try using artworks as money for other underworld deals. The planners of the 2006robbery of Russborough House near Dublin, who stole 18 paintings, tried in vain to trade them for Irish Republican Army members held in British prison. Others demand a ransom(赎金) from the museum that owns the pictures. Once thieves in Frankfurt, Germany, made off with two major works by J. M. W. Turner from the Tate Gallery in London. The paintings, worth more than $80 million, were recovered in 2012 after the Tate paid more than $5 million to people having “information” about the paintings. Though ransom is illegal in Britain, money for looking into a case is not, provided that police agree the source of the information is unconnected to the crime. All the same, where information money end s and ransom begins is often a gray area.8. Why do smaller museums face a greater challenge in preventing art theft?A. They lack experienced staff.B. They cannot afford high-tech security systems.C. They do not have valuable artworks.D. They lack interest in art conservation.9. What is the concern of conservators regarding the use of tracking equipment to prevent art theft?A. It might damage the artwork.B. It is too expensive for smaller museums.C. It is difficult to insert into the paintings.D. It is ineffective for valuable paintings.10. From Paragraph 4, we can learn that .A. the thieves demanded a ransom from the Tate GalleryB. the Tate Gallery regained the lost paintings illegallyC. the money paid was considered an information fee, not a ransomD. the police requested the Tate Gallery to pay the money11. The purpose of this passage is .A. to remind criminals to protect and preserve the paintingB. to give suggestions on how to avoid the crimes of art theftC. to urge museums to set up more advanced security systemsD. to make people aware of art theft and the necessity of good security systemsDWho cares if people think wrongly that the Internet has had more important influences than the washing machine? Why does it matter that people are more impressed by the most recent changes?It would not matter if these misjudgments were just a matter of people's opinions. However, they have real impacts, as they result in misguided use of scarce resources.The fascination with the ICT(Information and Communication Technology) revolution, represented by the Internet, has made some rich countries wrongly conclude that making things is so “yesterday” that they should try to live on ideas. This belief in “post-industrial society” has led those countries to neglect their manufacturing sector(制造业) with negative consequences for their economies.Even more worryingly, the fascination with the Internet by people in rich countries has moved the international community to worry about the “digital divide” between the rich countries and the poor countries. This has led companies and individuals to donate money to developing countries to buy computer equipment and Internet facilities. The question, however, is whether this is what the developing countries need the most. Perhaps giving money for those less fashionable things such as digging wells, extending electricity networks and making more affordable washing machines would have improved people's lives more than giving every child a laptop computer or setting up Internet centres in rural villages, I am not saying that those things are necessarily more important, but many donators have rushed into fancy programmes without carefully assessing the relative long-term costs and benefits of alternative uses of their money.In yet another example, a fascination with the new has led people to believe that the recent changes in the technologies of communications and transportation are so revolutionary that now we live in a “borderless world”. As a result, in the last twenty years or so, many people have come to believe that whatever change is happening today is the result of great technological progress, going against which will be like trying to turn the clock back. Believing in such a world, many governments have put an end to some of the very necessary regulations on cross-border flows of capital, labour and goods, with poor results.Understanding technological trends is very important for correctly designing economic policies, both at thenational and the international levels, and for making the right career choices at the individual level. However, our fascination with the latest, and our under valuation of what has already become common, can, and has, led us in all sorts of wrong directions.12. What are the effects of people' misjudgments on the influences of new technology?A. It stimulates innovation.B. It affects their personal opinions.C. It influences their use of resources.D. It leads to improved technology.13. Why is the “digital divide” a concern related to the fascination with the Internet in rich countries?A. It leads to competition between rich and poor countries.B. It results in a lack of access to technology in developing countries.C. It increases the cost of computer equipment in rich countries.D. It promotes global digital cooperation.14. From Paragraph 4, we know that .A. donating for technology is always the better optionB. the author does not provide opinions on this matterC. donating for technology and basic needs should be balancedD. donating for basic needs should be prioritized over technology15. What is the passage mainly about?A. Significance of information and communication technology.B. Serious consequences of over-emphasizing high technology.C. Technological trends guiding economic policy making.D. How to use donation money in the new age.第二节(共5小题；每小题3 分，满分 15分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。