口语技巧21美语听力与发音技巧 第21期(及物和不及物动词)

美语发音秘诀和国际剑桥英语语音The key to mastering American English pronunciation lies in understanding and practicing the following aspects:1. Vowel sounds: American English has a wide range of vowel sounds, and it's important to pay attention to the subtle differences between them. Practice pronouncing words with different vowel sounds to improve your pronunciation.2. Consonant sounds: Pay attention to the pronunciation of consonant sounds, as they can vary between American English and other varieties of English. Practice pronouncing words with challenging consonant sounds, such as "th" and "r."3. Stress and intonation: American English has a unique rhythm and intonation pattern. Pay attention to the stress placed on certain syllables in words and practice using the correct intonation patterns in sentences.4. Linking and blending: American English speakers often link words together and blend sounds when speaking. Practice linking words together smoothly to improve your overall fluency and pronunciation.5. Pronunciation drills: Regular practice is key to improving your pronunciation. Use pronunciation drills and exercises to focus on specific sounds or patterns that you find challenging.Now, let's talk about the International Cambridge English Phonetics:1. Vowel sounds: The International Cambridge English Phonetics system also emphasizes the importance of vowel sounds, and provides a standardized way to transcribe and study them. Pay attention to the symbols used in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) to accurately represent vowel sounds.2. Consonant sounds: Similarly, the International Cambridge English Phonetics system provides detailed descriptions of consonant sounds, including their place and manner of articulation. Practice pronouncing words using the IPA symbols to improve your accuracy.3. Stress and intonation: The International Cambridge English Phonetics system also incorporates stress and intonation patterns in its transcription of words. Studythe symbols used to indicate stress and intonation to improve your understanding and use of these features.4. Linking and blending: The International Cambridge English Phonetics system is also useful for studyinglinking and blending of sounds in English. Pay attention to the symbols used to indicate connected speech in the IPA to improve your pronunciation.5. Pronunciation drills: Use the International Cambridge English Phonetics system as a tool for practicing and improving your pronunciation. Focus on transcribing and pronouncing words using the IPA symbols to enhance your phonetic awareness.通过掌握这些技巧和系统，你将能够提高你的美语发音水平，并更好地理解和应用国际剑桥英语语音。

三辰英语口语集训营教程主编：Jeffrey (王辰辉)编委：杨卓昨天的你：大学迷茫、没有人生目标，甚至有时还忘记了自己的梦想；喜欢英语却从不敢说；想感谢父母而又总无能为力。

然而，今天是一个分界线！在这里，你的潜能将会被无限地挖掘：你热爱生命，你渴望成为有钱的人、成功的人，而且你一定可以成为！你每天都充满了能量，你每天都奋斗不息！经过奋斗之后，你可以脱口而出一口漂亮的英语！你可以给父母买大大的房子！你可以站在一万人的台上发表演说！YES!! 那就是你！！那就是你！！这个世界上一切美好的事物都会向你敞开大门，然而打开这扇大门的钥匙就握在你手中。

I known :You must do it!! You can do it!!You will do it!! You will succeed!!第一章——我们的誓言我们发誓：用两天的时间，疯狂操练，用两天的时间，把自己锻造成英雄。

人和人的区别，不在于智商，而在于每天时间的利用，少一点无聊的时间，多一点奋斗的时间，多一点操练的时间。

中华民族，需要借助英语，让世界更理解。

我们是战友，一起征服人性的弱点，一起建设我们的国家。

我们从今天开始，相互连接，每天激励自己，每天老老实实学习英语，一点又一点的进步，将带来整个中华民族的进步。

无论生活环境多么恶劣，多少的困难，多少的挫折，多少的失败和眼泪，都不能阻止我们怀有梦想，语言决定了我们的梦想。

无论英语多么难，我还是要坚持学！无论我的发音多么差，我还是要坚持改进！无论我的记忆力多么差，我还是要坚持重复！无论多少人半途而废，我还是要坚持全力以赴！无论多少人笑话我，我还是要坚持操练！无论我感觉多么失败，我还是要继续努力！无论奋斗的路上我遇到多少障碍，我还是要继续奋斗直至成功！I can make a difference in this world！第一单元良好的开端第一节美式音标 /i/ 美式音标［i:］李阳老师的话发音时，上下唇微开，嘴唇扁平。

美国英语发音技巧大全一、连读连读有两种规则，分别为：1、以辅音结尾的单词+元音开头的单词：如：（1）I’d li(ke a)nother bow(l o)f rice. 这里like / laik / 以辅音结尾，another 以元音开头，所以连读；（2）We have an English friend. 这个句子有两处连读：前一处是have的尾辅音/v/与an的开头元音//连读为/v/；后一处是an的尾辅音/n/与English的开头音素/i/连读为/ni/。

举例：I’m~an~English boy. It~is~an~old book. Let me have~a look~at~it. Ms Black worked in~an~office last~yesterday. I called~youhalf~an~hour~ago.Put~it~on, please. Not~at~all. Please pick~it~up.注意：以辅音结尾指的是音标中的最后一个音是辅音，而不是单词的结尾，这如同u[ju:.]niversity前面的定冠词必须用a 一样。

2、以辅音结尾的单词 + h开头的单词h不发音，与前面的辅音连读what wil(l he) [wili]do? Ha(s he) done it before? Mus(t he) [ti] go?Can he do it? Should he….?Tell him to ask her…. Lea(ve him) [vim]. For h im (连读这个词，会发现和forum 很相似)3、以-r或-re字母结尾的单词+元音开头的单词时，可将/r/与后面的元音拼读。

如：They looked for it here and there.这个句子也有两处连读：前一处是for it合读为/frit/，后一处是here and合读为/hirnd/。

美语听力与发音技巧美语听力与发音技巧导语：英语的听力练习是我们学习英语的'重要组成部分。

俗语说听说读写，听还是排在第一位的。

下面我们一起来看看这些听力范文吧。

listen 1Welcome to Daily Tips on Learning English. Today’s tip is on expressing ability in the past.There are two ways of expressing ability in English. One, “can” or “could”. Two, “be able to”. In negative sentences, there’s no difference in meaning. So, “I couldn’t lift the piano” and “I wasn’t able to lift the piano” mean the same thing. However, in a ffirmative sentences about past ability, “could” usually means “used be able to”. The use of “could” usually indicates that the ability existed in the past, but does not exist now.For example, “When I was young, I could run fast” means that I can not run fast now. On the other hand, if the speaker is talking about an ability to do something at one particular time in the past, “was/were able to” can be used in affirmative sentences, but “could” cannot.For example, your car broke down. It stopped working. So you took it to get fixed two days ago. When I saw you today, you told me that the mechanic fixed your car. If you said, “The mechanic could fix my car yesterday”, that sentence is not correct. You must say, “The mechanic was able to fix my car yesterday”or “The mechanic managed to fix my car yesterday.”Let’s look at another example. I have been looking for a CD I like for a long time. I could not find it. I was not able to find itfor a long time. But yesterday I was able to find it. Yesterday I managed to find it. But you cannot say, “Yesterday I could find it.”Remember “I could not” and “I was not able to” are the same, but “I could” and “I was able to” are not the same. “I could” means I used to be able to, but now I’m not able to. “I was able to” me ans I have the ability at one particular time in the past.This has been today’s daily tip on learning English. Tune in tomorrow for another tip.listen 2Welcome to Daily Tips on Learning English. Today’s tip is on using the articles “a”, “an” and “the” c orrectly.Every student of English has my sympathy in his struggles with the English articles. They are one of the most difficult parts of learning English. First of all, I urge you to do this. Listen to native speakers. When you listen, listen carefully, since the articles “the” and “a” are almost never emphasized, they do not stand out prominently in speech, but they’re pronounced. You will have to train your ears so that you will recognize that the little sounds before certain words are articles, and not meaningless noises. Also, get in the habit of pronouncing the articles in the way native speakers do. As little sounds that are part of the word they precede. For instance, think of and say “the boy”as one word. Listen to this short sentence. The boy likes the girl. Say it naturally, the boy likes the girl. Did you notice how the articles are just small sounds linked to the nouns? Listen to another example. There is a pen on a desk in the classroom. Say it naturally, there is a pen on a desk in the classroom. Did you notice how all the sounds, especially articles are linked together?The article “an” is used before nouns beginning with a vowel sound, such as “an apple”. Notice how the “n” sound is linked to the word which follows it. Also notice that words that spelled with the letter “h” in the beginning such as “hour” also use the article “an” because the “h” isn’t pronounced. So we say, “an-our”, not “a hour”. And some words spelled with the letter “u” in the beginning such as “unicycle” use the article “a” because the first sound is the “y” sound “j”. So we say, a unicycle, not an unicycle.It’s also important to note that the pronunciation of the article “the” changes to “δi :” before words beginning with a vowel sound. So we say “δi :” elevator, not “δэ”elevator.Another tip is, do not be misled by newspaper headlines, advertisements and titles of book and so forth. They frequently omit articles which are necessary in complete sentences in both spoken and written English. Knowing when to use “a”, when to use “the”, and when not to use any article at all is undoubtably one of the most difficult aspects of learning English. We will talk about this topic more in an upcoming daily tip. Tune in tomorrow for another tip on learning English.listen 3Welcome to Daily Tips on Learning English. Today’s tip is on word stress on sentences.In general, it is true that content words are stressed whereas function words are not stressed. Content words usually convey the meaning of the sentence. Function words make the sentence grammatically correct. Content words are: nouns, main verbs, adjectives, adverbs, this, that, these, those, and “wh-“ words, who, what, when, why, how, which. Function words are: articles, such as “a” and “the”; possessive adjectives, such as “his”,“my”, “your”; prepositions, such as “in”, “on”, “of”; conjunctions, such as “and”, “but”; personal pronouns, such as “ I”, “he”, “she”; the “be” verb, “am”, “is”, “are”, “was”, “were”; and auxiliaries, such as “do”, “does”, “did”.Take for example the sen tence “Andrew brushes his teeth every morning.” The content word alone can convey the meaning of the sentence, namely “Andrew brushes teeth every morning.” The functional word “his” only makes the sentence grammatically correct. So “his” is unstressed, the other words are stressed. Why isn’t “his” stressed? Because of course he brushes his teeth, not your teeth, or my teeth. This we would naturally assume. If, however, Andrew brushes someone else’s teeth beside his own, then it would be very important to let your listener know that by stressing whose teeth he brushes.So, what words should be stressed? The simple answer is whatever words are important to the meaning you are trying to convey. if someone write the sentence on the board out of context and asks, “Which words are important? Which words should you stress?” You should answer, “That depends on the context.” Stress is used to let your listener know what is important to your message. If you stress words properly, your listener will have an easy time understanding your message. If you stress every word equally, then your listener will have to listen very carefully and try to guess the main point of your message. If your stress the wrong words, the listener will misunderstand your message or just feel very confused. So remember to stress the important words to your massage.This has been today’s daily tip. Tune in tomorrow for another tip on learning English.。

新概念英语第二册逐句精讲语言点第21课(3)Lesson 21 Mad or not?课文内容：Aeroplanes are slowly driving me mad. I live near an airport and passing planes can be heard night and day. The airport was built years ago, but for some reason it could not be used then. Last year, however, it came into use. Over a hundred people must have been driven away from their homes by the noise. I am one of the few people left. Sometimes I thinkthis house will be knocked down by a passing plane. I have been offered a large sum of money to go away, but I am determined to stay here. Everybody says I must be mad and they are probably right.精讲笔记：7.Sometimes I think this house will be knocked down by a passing plane.有时候我觉得我的房子会被一架飞过的飞机撞倒，语言点1 此句的核心语法点是将来时的被动语态，结构为：will be done (+by...)语言点2 比较学习home和house：home家（具有感情色彩）：East or west, home is the best.金窝银窝不如自己的狗窝。

英语口语美式英式发音技巧
英语口语的发音技巧在美式和英式发音中有所不同。

以下是一些常见的美式和英式发音技巧：
美式发音技巧：
1. 重读音节：在美式英语中，通常将单词的第一个音节读得比其他音节更重。

例如，“apple”中的“a”应该读得比“p”和“le”更重。

2. 弱读：在美式英语中，通常将一些辅音字母读得较弱，例如“r”和“t”等。

例如，“water”中的“r”应该轻读。

3. 连读：在美式英语中，单词之间的连读比较常见，特别是在快速说话时。

例如，“I am”通常会连读成“I'm”。

4. 音调：在美式英语中，通常会在句子结尾升高音调，表示疑问或不确定。

例如，“You're coming?”中的“?”表示疑问。

英式发音技巧：
1. 重读音节：在英式英语中，通常将单词中的第一个音节和倒数第二个音节读得比其他音节更重。

例如，“apple”中的“a”和“p”应该读得比“le”更重。

2. 弱读：在英式英语中，通常将一些辅音字母读得较弱，例如“t”和“r”等。

例如，“water”中的“r”应该轻读。

3. 连读：在英式英语中，单词之间的连读比较少，通常
在快速说话时不会出现。

例如，“I am”通常不会连读成“I'm”。

4. 音调：在英式英语中，通常不会在句子结尾升高音调，而是以平稳的语调结束句子。

例如，“You're coming?”中的“?”通常不会强调。

以上是一些常见的美式和英式发音技巧，但实际上，美式和英式英语的发音存在很多差异，具体的发音技巧还需要根据不同的情况和口音来进行调整。

美语发音的100个秘诀1-25Are you ready to learn your ABCs?A is for the airplane, above the clouds so high sowing and sing, like a big bird in skyB is for a bunny, but it doesn’t cut his tail, he goes cipety hup hup hup, a longer bunny trail.C is for my cat, she is as cuddly as can be, but she mean out so lovely that she gets stark out been a tree.D is for the daytime, when the sun is shining bright, that’s the time I go to school, and learn to do things right.E is for an elephant, he is big and has no hands, but he can use his long long trunk to meet all his demands.F is for the fire engine, there is a fire off abead, when in the car put orberin start, and let it go instead.G is for a little girl, the upside is a boy, it’s fun to play together, and they can share their toys.H is for hello, which is something nice to say, it means I am glad to see you, any time of day.I is for an inside, like butterflies in beans, they are all a part of nature, so protect them if you please.J is for your jacket, when you go outside you wear it, it keeps you nice and warm, so you can play without care.K is for a kite, you can ply it in the wind, sometimes driving low, but damn it she start got again.L is for the leaves, that they are green and grow on trees, sometimes they turn colors and fall to ground a piece.M is for music, there is music in this song, and if you learn the words to it, and you can sing along.N is for your nose, it’s in the middle of your face, and with your nose you can smell the cookies around just a bit.O is for an orange like holding sunshine in your hands, iplan own obnin, and then give some to your friends.P is for your puppy, that’s a dog very small, when he gets older, just like you, he will be strong and tall.Q is for quiet, it’s the opposite of live, it’shard when there are so many sounds, and when you’re in a crowd.R is for the rain, water falling from the sky, it’s hard to not get wet, but if you want to, you can try.S is for a song, like the one I am singing to you, it can make you happy and can help you learn things tooT is for a teacher, at school or anywhere, they show you how to learn a lot like B and right we care.U is for umbrella, you can use it when it rains, keep you nice and dry, tip a sentence that again.V is for a visit, and we can sometimes go, to grandmas or to aunts or to other friends you known.W is a welcome, tha t’s what I like say, when friends come to my house it means come no in and play.X is for a xenophon, it’s an instrument you know, or you can use an X when you play guitar tooY is for you, that’s the person that you are, to me and all your friends, and we hope that you go far.Z is for zoo, lots of animals to see, and everyone is very special, just like you and me.And now you learn your ABCs, have fun, good bye… bye...秘诀1最坚实的基础——疯狂突破字母关这是一首优美、现代的字母歌，绝对不是我们从小就熟悉的那首“比较弱智”的字母歌!请一定要反复听、反复模仿。

新概念英语第一册听课笔记-第21课Lesson 21 Which book?give v. 给one pron. 一个which question word 哪一个empty adj. 空的full adj. 满的large adj. 大的little adj. 小的sharp adj. 尖的，锋利的small adj. 小的big adj. 大的blunt adj. 钝的box n. 盒子glass n. 杯子cup n. 茶杯bottle n. 瓶子tin n. 罐头knife n. 刀子fork n. 叉子spoon n. 勺子give 给，它的主语可以是人，也可以是物：Teaching gives me a lot of pleasure.give sb. sth.give sth. to sb.Give me a pen please. 请给我一支钢笔。

Give a pen to me please.offer 提供，只能是人做主语provide 免费提供supply 供应donate 捐献contribute 贡献：I have contributed all my life to teaching career.★TextGive me a book please, Jane.Which book?This one?No, not that one. The red one.This one?Y es, please.Here you are.Thank you.Lesson 21 Which book? 哪一本书？give v. 给one pron. 一个which question word 哪一个Lesson 22 Give me／him／her／us／them a…Which one?给我/他/她/他们一…哪一个？empty adj. 空的box（boxes）n. 盒子，箱子full adj. 满的glass（glasses）n. 杯子large adj. 大的cup（cups）n. 茶杯little adj. 小的bottle（bottles）n. 瓶子sharp adj. 尖的，锋利的tin（tins）n. 罐头small adj. 小的knife（kinves）n. 刀子big adj. 大的fork（forks）n. 叉子blunt adj. 钝的spoon（spoons）n. 勺子Lesson 23 Which glasses? 哪几只杯子？on prep. 在……之上shelf n. 架子，搁板Lesson 24 Give me／him／her／us／them some…Which ones?给我/他/她/他们一些…哪些？desk n. 课桌table n. 桌子plate n. 盘子cupboard n. 食橱cigarette n. 香烟television n. 电视机floor n. 地板dressing table 梳妆台magazine n. 杂志bed n. 床newspaper n. 报纸stereo n. 立体声音响。

高一英语Unit 21 Body language人教版【同步教育信息】一. 本周教学内容：Unit 21 Body language二. 教材语句补充：1. I can’t keep my eyes open .我睁不开眼。

▲ keep此处为使役动词。

用作使役动词的keep，构成keep+宾语+宾补的结构，在此结构中，能作宾补的词有形容词、副词、名词、分词等。

如：（1）This coat will keep you warm . 这件外套可以让你暖和。

（2）His illness kept him in bed for a week . 他因生病而在床上躺了一星期。

（3）The window was kept locked . 那窗户一直锁着。

（4）They kept their marriage a secret . 他们已经结婚了，却秘而不宣。

（5）She kept me waiting for half an hour . 她让我等了半个钟头。

2. Match each picture with the correct emotion and the correct sentence .把每一幅画和正确的表情及句子搭配起来。

▲ match此处为及物动词，意为“使……（和……）调和，相配”，构成match + n. + to / with + n.“把……和……搭配起来/调和起来”。

还意为：（1）vt.（在……）与……匹敌，成为……的好对手，势均力敌。

结构为：match + n. + in / for + n.。

如：① No one can match her in knowledge of classical music .在古典音乐知识方面没人能和她匹敌。

（2）vt. 使……（和……）交手；使……比赛。

结构为：match + n. + against / with + n.。

如：② The two ex-champions were matched in the final . 那两位前冠军保持者在决赛中交手。

美语听力与发音技巧文本(01-06）listen 01美语听力与发音技巧“Cannot”第1期Welcome to Daily tips on Learning English. Today's tip is on distinguishing “can”and “cannot”in spoken American English.“Cannot”is usually contracted to “can't”. So many learners of English assume that in order to distinguish between “can”and “can't”, one must listen for the final “t”sound /t/. And when speaking, one must pronounce final ‘t’sound /t/ clearly. However, this is not in fact how native speakers distinguish “can”and “can't”. People do not say ‘I `can drive a car, but I can’t drive a motorcycle.’People say ‘I can `drive a car', but I `can't drive a motorcycle.’The difference between “can”and “can't”is in stress. “Can”is not stressed, the verb after it is. “Can't”is stressed. The verb after it is not.Also since ‘can’is not stressed, the vowel is reduced to /a/, so “can”is actually pronounced “can”. Listen to another example. “I `can't go on Saturday, but I can `go on Sunday.”Did you hear the 't' sound? Did you notice the difference words being stressed? Listening again. “I `can't go on Saturday, but I can `go on Sunday.”If you want to understand whether someone is saying he can or can't do something, you have to be listening for a stressed “can't”or a verb stressed after “can”. What does this mean? “I can `speak Japanese, but I `can't speak Taiwanese.”That's right, I can speak Japanese, but I cannot speak Taiwanese. When you are speaking it is very important that you follow this rule too. When learners of English say I `can help you, native speakers often unsure what is meant because of improper stress. So remember, you can stress “can't”, but you `can't stress “can”.This has been today's tip on learning English. Tune in tomorrow for another tip.listen 02美语听力与发音技巧第2期Welcome to Daily Tips on Learning English. Today’s tip is on how syllable stress can affect the meaning of words.Remenber that stressed syllables are said louder and are lengthened, and unstressed syllables are pronounced more softly, and often have the vowel sounds reduced.Sometimes, this difference can be the difference between a verb and a noun, or an adjective. There are at least 14 pairs of words in which syllable stress alone makes this difference. Some examples include `addict, a`ddict, `convict, con`vict, `perfect, per`fect. Each time the second syllable is stressed, the word is a verb. When the first syllable is stressed, the word is either a noun or an adjective. Let’s look some examples more closely. `Permit, per`mit, a `permit is a noun, it is a piece of paper which authorizes you to do something. For instance, a fishing `permit allows you to go fishing. Per`mit is a verb. It means to allow. For instence, fishing isn’t per`mitted here without a `permit.Another example is `perfect, per`fect. `Perfect is an adjective. It means 100% correct, no mistakes or errors. The verb is per`fect, it means to make something perfect. For example, “I want toper`fect my English”means “I want to make my English perfect”. Make sure you stress the right syllable. It can be the differece between different parts of speech. This has been today’s daily tip. Till then, tomorrow, for another tip on learning Englishlisten 03听力与发音技巧第3期（清浊辅音结尾对元音的影响）Welcome to Daily Tips on Learning English. Today’s tip is on how different vowel lengths are used to differentiate words ending in voiced and voiceless consonants.Let’s take an example. There’s something in my eyes. There’s something in my ice. The last words in the examples, eyes and ice differ in 2 ways. One difference is the word eyes end with the sound “z”, and ice end with the sound “s”. The other difference in the pronunciation of “eyes”and “ice”is how the vowel sound “ai”is pronounced. In the word “eyes”, it is longer. In the word “ice”, it is very short.Listen to the examples again, and note that the final consonant sound is not as clear as the difference in the length of the vowel. There’s something in my eyes. There’s something in my ice. Listen again. There’s something in my eyes. There’s something in my ice. Listen to some other examples of words that are identical except for the final consonants and the vowel length. Cap, cab, plate, played, seat, seed. Today’s tip is to pay more attention to the length of vowels, as this difference is very important in distinguishing some words. Till then, tomorrow, to another tip on learning English.listen 04听力与发音技巧第4期（连音）Welcome to daily tips on learning English. Today’s tip is on sound linking.Although in written English, there’re spaces between every word, in spoken English there’re always never (1)pauses between words. In order to understand spoken English, it is (2)essential to understand how this linking is done. Today let’s (3)concentrate on the most common sound linking situation. Whenever a word ending in a consonant sound is followed by a word beginning with a vowel sound, the consonant sound is linked to the vowel sound as if they were part of the same word.Let’s look at some examples. I’d like another bowl of rice, please. First, note that although there’re six words in the sentence, all the words are linked together without pause. Listen again. I’d like another bowl of rice, please. Now listen to how the words “like”and “another”are linked. “Like another”, “like-another”. “Like”ends in a consonant sound, and “another”begins with a vowel sound. So the “k”from “like”is linked to the “a”from “another”to produce “kanother”. Listen to the example sentence again. I’d like another bowl of rice, please. In the sentence there is another example of a consonant being linked to a vowel. A bowl of, a bowl-of. It sounds like that you’re saying the word “love”. Here’s another example. I’d love a bowl of rice. I’d love a bowl of rice. This sound linking is probably the biggest problem for learners of English when they try to understand native speaker’s talking. We’ll talk more about sound linking in future daily tips, as this is an extremely import feature of spoken English. Today’s tip is to link consonants to vowels which come after them. Till then, tomorrow, for another daily tip. listen 05听力与发音技巧第5期（“h”音的略读）Welcome to Daily Tips on Learning English. Today’s tip is on sound linking.Remember that although written English has spaces between every word, spoken English doesn’t have pauses after every word. As a matter of fact, long strings of words are all linked together. And it is this linking, which often makes it difficult for learners of English to understand native speaker’s talking. Today’s tip is to notice how the “h”sound is often dropped in personal pronouns such as “he”, “him”, “his”and “her”. And when it is dropped, what is left is a vowel sound, and the vowel sound is always linked to the preceding word.Let’s look at an example. Give her a book. Giv-er a book. Notice how the “h”is dropped and how “give her”become “giv-er”. Look at another example. Tell him to ask her. Tell-im to ask-er.Did you notice that “tell him”became “tell-im”and “ask her”became “ask-er”? This happens very frequently in spoken English, especially when “he”follows an auxiliary verb. For example, “what will he do?”becomes “What will-i do?”“Where will he go?”becomes “Where will-i go?”“When will he come?”becomes “When will-i come?”“Who will he meet?”becomes “Who will-i meet?”“How will he know?”becomes “How will-i know?”“Has he gone?”becomes “Has-i gone?”“Had he done it before?”becomes “Had-i done it before?”“Must he go?”becomes “Must-i go?”“Can he do it?”becomes “Can-i do it?”“Should he leave?”becomes “Should-I leave?”it’s important to accustom yourself to the dropped “h”sound in sound linking. This has been today’s daily tip. Tune in tomorrow for another tip on learning English.listen 06听力与发音技巧第6期（辅音连续）Welcome to Daily Tips on Learning English. Today’s tip is on sound linking.When 2 identical or similar consonants are in a row, most sounds are not pronounced. For example, stop Peter. “stop”ends in the sound “p”, and “Peter”begins in the same sound. Together the words are linked as “sto-peter”. The words aren’t pronounced stop Peter. To pronounce two identical sounds one after another, would sound like someone stuttering. English words are always linked smoothly. Similar but not identical sounds such as voiced and voiceless pairs of consonants are also linked in this way. For example, it’s a big cake. “big”begins in the sound “g”, cake begins with the sound “k”. “k”and “g”differ only in that “k”is voiceless and “g”is voiced. When they are next to each other in a phrase they’re linked smoothly by not aspirating or pronouncing fully the first of the 2 sounds. Listen carefully as I read the example again. It’s a big cake. Notice how the first sound “g”is not released. If the pair of sounds is reversed, like in “I like goats.”it is the “k”sound which is not pronounced. Listen closely. I like goats. I like goats.There’re 8 pairs of consonants that differ only in the presence or lack of vocal cord vibration. Listen as I give one example of sound linking for each pair.v, f : I love France.δ,θ: Let’s bathe three times.z, s : She is Susan.з,∫: The garage should be cleaned.dз,t∫: He has a huge chin.b, p : Put the cap back on.d, t : Dad told me.k, g : I like Gavin. (? )It is important to include this type of sound linking in your speech if you want to achieve fluency. It is also important to be aware of how this linking affects how spoken English sounds. Otherwise you may not understand native speaker’s speech. This has been today’s daily tip. Tune in tomorrow for another on learning English.美语听力与发音技巧文本(07-12)listen 07听力与发音技巧第7期（冠词“a”）Welcome to Daily Tips on Learning English. Today’s tip is on using or omitting the English article “a”correctly.There’s no single rule that explains how to choose whether you should use “a”, use “the”or not use any article at all. Sometimes there’s only one correct choice, and in other cases, different choices change the meaning of the sentence. Today let’s discuss the most frequently occurring differences between using the article “a”and using no article. All English nouns can be divided into 2 classes: those that are countable and those that are uncountable.It is the meaning of a noun as it is used in a sentence which determines whether it is countable or uncountable. For instance, in the sentence “She has long hair.”, “hair”is uncountable. But in the sentence “There’s a hair in my soup.”,”hair”is countable. This can create some interesting mistakes. For example, “I like a dog”does not mean我喜欢狗, that should be “I like dogs.”If you say “I like dog”, that means you like to eat dog meat. If you say “I ate a hamburger”, that means我吃了一个汉堡, but if you say “I ate hamburger”, that means you ate raw ground beef. If you say “I ate a cake’, that means you ate a whole cake, which is very unlikely. You should have said, “I ate cake”, then it means you ate some cake.Notice how the use of the article “a”means that the noun it precedes is countable, and therefore you’re talking about a whole one, an entire one. If you omit the article “a”, then it means that you can’t count the noun it precedes, and therefore you are talking about a piece or a quantity or something. So remember to pay careful attention to whether nouns are being used to a countable or uncountable meaning, and be sure to use or omit the article “a”accordingly. This has been today’s daily tip. Tune in tomorrow for another tip on learning English.listen 08听力与发音技巧第8期（冠词的用法与读音）Welcome to Daily Tips on Learning English. Today’s tip is on using the articles “a”, “an”and “the”correctly.Every student of English has my sympathy in his struggles with the English articles. They are one of the most difficult parts of learning English. First of all, I urge you to do this. Listen to native speakers. When you listen, listen carefully, since the articles “the”and “a”are almost never emphasized, they do not stand out prominently in speech, but they’re pronounced. You will have to train your ears so that you will recognize that the little sounds before certain words are articles, and not meaningless noises. Also, get in the habit of pronouncing the articles in the way native speakers do. As little sounds that are part of the word they precede. For instance, think of and say “the boy”as one word. Listen to this short sentence. The boy likes the girl. Say it naturally, the boy likes the girl. Did you notice how the articles are just small sounds linked to the nouns? Listen to another example. There is a pen on a desk in the classroom. Say it naturally, there is a pen on a desk in the classroom. Did you notice how all the sounds, especially articles are linked together? The article “an”is used before nouns beginning with a vowel sound, such as “an apple”. Notice how the “n”sound is linked to the word which follows it. Also notice that words that spelled with the letter “h”in the beginning such as “hour”also use the article “an”because the “h”isn’t pronounced. So we say, “an-our”, not “a hour”. And some words spelled with the letter “u”in the beginning such as “unicycle”use the article “a”because the first sound is the “y”sound “j”. So we say, a unicycle, not an unicycle.It’s also important to note that the pronunciation of the article “the”changes to “δi :”before words beginning with a vowel sound. So we say “δi :”elevator, not “δэ”elevator.Another tip is, do not be misled by newspaper headlines, advertisements and titles of book and so forth. They frequently omit articles which are necessary in complete sentences in both spoken and written English. Knowing when to use “a”, when to use “the”, and when not to use anyarticle at all is undoubtably one of the most difficult aspects of learning English. We will talk about this topic more in an upcoming daily tip. Tune in tomorrow for another tip on learning English.listen 09听力与发音技巧第9期（句子中的重音）Welcome to Daily Tips on Learning English. Today’s tip is on word stress on sentences.In general, it is true that content words are stressed whereas function words are not stressed. Content words usually convey the meaning of the sentence. Function words make the sentence grammatically correct. Content words are: nouns, main verbs, adjectives, adverbs, this, that, these, those, and “wh-“words, who, what, when, why, how, which. Function words are: articles, such as “a”and “the”; possessive adjectives, such as “his”, “my”, “your”; prepositions, such as “in”, “on”, “of”; conjunctions, such as “and”, “but”; personal pronouns, such as “I”, “he”, “she”; the “be”verb, “am”, “is”, “are”, “was”, “were”; and auxiliaries, such as “do”, “does”, “did”.Take for example the sentence “Andrew brushes his teeth every morning.”The content word alone can convey the meaning of the sentence, namely “Andrew brushes teeth every morning.”The functional word “his”only makes the sentence grammatically correct. So “his”is unstressed, the other words are stressed. Why isn’t “his”stressed? Because of course he brushes his teeth, not your teeth, or my teeth. This we would naturally assume. If, however, Andrew brushes someone else’s teeth beside his own, then it would be very important to let your listener know that by stressing whose teeth he brushes.So, what words should be stressed? The simple answer is whatever words are important to the meaning you are trying to convey. if someone write the sentence on the board out of context and asks, “Which words are important? Which words should you stress?”You should answer, “That depends on the context.”Stress is used to let your listener know what is important to your message. If you stress words properly, your listener will have an easy time understanding your message. If you stress every word equally, then your listener will have to listen very carefully and try to guess the main point of your message. If your stress the wrong words, the listener will misunderstand your message or just feel very confused. So remember to stress the important words to your massage.This has been today’s daily tip. Tune in tomorrow for another tip on learning English.listen 10美语听力与发音技巧第10期（断句）Welcome to Daily Tips on Learning English. Today’s tip is on the use of pauses in English speech. Although written English has spaces between every word, spoken English doesn’t have pauses between each word, rather words are linked together. However, people do not normally speak without pausing at all. We do pause in speech. While in written English, there are periods, commas, semicolons and question marks. But we also pause in long sentences without punctuation marks. Let’s look at some examples. My mother listens to the radio in the evening. This sentence can be said without pausing, because it isn’t very long. But if I were to pause, I would say, “My mother/ listens to the radio/ in the evening.”Why? Because pauses come between thought groups----groups of words that express one thought.For example, “in the evening”is a thought group. Let’s make the sentence longer. My mother listens to the radio in the evening, plays tennis in the afternoon, and cleans the house in the morning. Now it is necessary to pause because the sentence is very long. Pauses come between thought groups, and help the listeners organize the information they hear. Listen to sentenceagain. My mother listens to the radio in the evening, plays tennis in the afternoon, and cleans the house in the morning. If you pause in the wrong places, listeners will have a harder time organizing the information. Listen to the sentence read again with improper pausing. My mother listens to the radio in/ the evening, plays tennis in /the afternoon, and cleans the/ house in the morning. Now the sentence is almost impossible to understand, so remember to pause between thought groups, to help your listeners easily organize what they hear.This has been today's tip on learning English. Tune in tomorrow for another tip on learning English.listen 11美语听力与发音技巧第11期（定语从句前的停顿）Welcome to Daily Tips on Learning English. Today’s tip is on when to use pauses before adjective clauses.Let’s take an example. In the sentence “My sister who lives in San Francisco is a doctor”, the adjective clause is “who lives in San Francisco”. It describes my “sister”. There’s no pause before the adjective clause. So, it means that I have more than one sister, and the one who lives in San Francisco is doctor. There’s a pause after an adjective clause because it is a long sentence. But there can be no pause in the group of words “my sister who lives in San Francisco”. Because this is one idea or thought group. Listen to the sentence again. “My sister who lives in San Francisco is a doctor.”The same words used in that sentence have a different meaning if there’s a pause before the adjective clause “who lives in San Francisco”. Listen to the new sentence. “My sister, who lives in San Francisco, is a doctor.”Now there’s a pause before, and a pause after the adjective clause, and in writing, there now is a comma before and a comma after the adjective clause. This sentence means that I have only one sister. She is a doctor, and by the way, she lives in San Francisco. The information conveyed by who lives in San Francisco is not necessary to understand whom I am talking about, as I only have one sister. I just added it in passing.If you say, “My girl friend who drives a BMW is a good dancer.”You’re saying that you have more than one girl friend. “My boss who is very generous gives me a raise every year”means I have more than one boss. “Hawaii which is an island in the Pacific is a poplar tourist spot”means there’s another Hawaii not in the Pacific. So remember to pause before and after adjective clauses only when it is referring to something or someone of which there’s only one.This has been today’s daily tip on learning English.listen 12美语听力与发音技巧第12期（问句的语调）Welcome to Daily Tips on Learning English. Today’s tip is on the intonation of questions. Remember that intonation is the rising and falling of the pitch of your voice. So “she’s here.”is a statement, but “she’s here?”is a question. But it isn’t true that all questions have a rising intonation. Today, let’s just look at the intonation of three types of questions: “Yes/No”questions, “Wh-”questions and choice questions.“Yes/No”questions have a rising intonation. “Wh-”qusetions have a falling intonation. And choice questions have a rising intonation for every choice except the last choice, which has a falling intonation.“Yes/No”questions such as “Do you like Taiwan?”“Can you speak Chinese?”have a rising intonation. The listener must answer either “yes”or “no”. “Wh-”questions start with the words “who”, “what”, “where”, “when”,”why”, “which”and “how”. “Wh-”questionshave a falling tone. For example, “What time is it?↘”“Where do you live?↘”Don’t say “What time is it?↗”“Where do you live?↗”In choice questions, the listener is expected to choose one item from several. For example, “Would you like juice, Coke, Tea or coffee?”A rising tone is used for every choice except the last, which has a falling tone. Listen to another example. “Do you like basketball, baseball, soccer or football?”. So remember that “Yes/No”questions, “Wh-”questions, and choice question have different intonation patterns, and make sure to intone them properly.This has been today’s daily tip on learning English. Tune in tomorrow for another tip美语听力与发音技巧文本(13-18)listen 13美语听力与发音技巧第13期（是YES还是NO）Welcome to Daily Tips on Learning English. Today’s tip is on answering “Yes/No”questions correctly.In English, “Yes”is always followed by affirmative statements. “No”is always followed by negative statements.This means you can’t say, “Yes, I haven’t eaten dinner yet.”Or “No, I did my home work.”Chinese allows this, but English does not. There’re different kinds of “Yes/No”questions. Simple “Yes/No”questions such as “Do you speak English?”“Are you hungry?”pose no problem. But negative questions such as “Don’t you speak English?”“Aren’t you hungry?”require the same answers. “Yes, I do.”“No, I don’t.”or “Yes, I am.”“No, I’m not.”Chinese learners of English are often misled by negative questions, and answer, “Yes, I don’t speak English.”Or “Yes, I’m not hungry.”by accident. Another type of “Yes/No”questions is to use a rising intonation with a statement. For example, you ask a Chinese person, “Did you eat dinner?”and he says, “No, I didn’t.”You’re surprised, so you ask, “You didn’t eat dinner?”and he answers, “Yes.”instead of “No”. Don’t use “yes”to mean “是的”. You should say, “That’s correct.”In the example above, “Yes”means “Yes, I ate dinner.”Not “Correct, I didn’t eat dinner. Let’s look at another example. I think that all Chinese people like to eat rice. So, when my Chinese friend tells me that he never eats rice, I was very surprised, and I ask, “You don’t like to eat rice?”and he answers, “Yes.”This is wrong. Because in English, you can not say, “Yes, I don’t like to eat rice.”He should answer, “No.”or “That’s correct.”So remember, “Yes”must be followed by affirmative statements, and “No”must be followed by negative statements.This has been today’s daily tip on learning English. Tune in tomorrow for another tip.listen 14美语听力与发音技巧第14期（“t”的发音）Welcome to Daily Tips on Learning English. Today’s tip is on the pronunciation of the letter “t”. Of course the letter “t”is usually pounced “t”. But you may have noticed that in fluent speech, native speakers sometimes pronounced the “t”as “d”. That happens when the “t”comes between two voiced sounds.Do you know what sounds in English are voiced? Well, there’re 15 voiced consonant sounds in English. b, d, g, m, n, ɡ, z,δ, l, r, dз,з,j,w. Also, all vowel and diphthong sounds in English are voiced. So let’s look at some examples of words in which the “t”may be pronounced “d”. No.1 “matter”. “matter”is often pronounced “mader”as in “What’s the matter?”No.2 “atom”. “atom”is often pronounced “adom”as in “The first atom bomb was droppedon Hiroshima.”No.3 “twenty”. “twenty”is often pronounced “twendi”as in “That will be twenty dollars, please.”No.4 “little”. “little”is often pronounced “liddle”as in “He got a little angry.”No.5 “city”. “city”is often pronounced “cidi”as in “Did you grow up in the city or the country?”No.6 “butter”. “butter”is often pronounced “buder”as in “Pass the butter, please.”When people speak slowly or emphatically, however, they usually pronounce the “t”like “t”, not like “d”. Also, a “t”does not sound like “d”when it comes before a stressed vowel as in “return”.This has been today’s daily tip on learning English. Tune in tomorrow for another tip.listen 15美语听力与发音技巧第15期（助动词的强调）Welcome to Daily Tips on Learning English. Today’s tip is on when to stress auxiliary verbs. Although auxiliary verbs are not usually stressed, when we want to strongly emphasize a verb, we stress the auxiliary verb. And if there’s no auxiliary verb, we add one. These sentences are called emphatic sentences. For example, compare the sentences “He’s done his home work”and “He has done his home work.”Usually we would say, “He’s done his homework.”And the auxiliary verb “has”would not be stressed. But if we want to emphasize the meaning of “has done”, we stress the auxiliary verb “He has done his homework.”This is an emphatic sentence. Sentences which don’t usually contain an auxiliary verb has an auxiliary verb in emphatic sentences, and it is always stressed. Emphatic sentences are usually used after someone has expressed the opposite meaning. For example, “-You didn’t finish your homework.”“-I did finish my homework.”“-Maybe she doesn’t know how to drive.”“-On the contrary, he does know how to drive.”“-You don’t speak Chinese, do you?”“I do speak Chinese. I just wanted to give you some practice speaking English.”Did you notice how I said “I did finish”instead of “I finished”, and “she does know”instead of “she knows”, “I do speak”instead of “I speak”. The auxiliary verbs “did”, “does”and “do”were added to make the sentence more emphaticBe careful though not to use emphatic sentences unless you have a reason. Don’t think that you can not learn the past tense of every verb and just say “I did eat”, “I did go”instead of “I ate”and “I went”. If you do this, your listeners will be confused. Your listeners will be thinking, “Why is that so important?”“Why is he stressing that so much?”This is not just another way of saying “I ate”and “I went”. You can only say “I did eat”and “I did go”when there’s a reason for stressing this.So remember that although auxiliary verbs are not usually stressed, in emphatic sentences they are. This has been today’s daily tip on learning English. Tune in tomorrow for another tip.listen 16美语听力与发音技巧第16期（附加问句的语调）Welcome to Daily Tips on Learning English. Today’s tip is on the intonation of tag questions. Tag questions are used in two very different ways, and the difference depends on whether you use a rising or falling pitch at the end of the tag question. One way tag questions are used is toget your listener to agree with you about something you think is a fact, or must be true.If you think a lady is beautiful, you say, “She is beautiful, isn’t she?↘”You expect the listener to say, “Yes, she is.”If you know a man is not rich, you say, “He isn’t rich, is he?↘”You expect the listener to say, “No, he isn’t.”When you use a tag question to get your listener to agree, you must use a falling intonation. “She is beautiful, isn’t she?↘”“He isn’t rich, is he?↘”The other way tag questions are used is to ask for information. You don’t know the answer, so you ask in a question. “She is beautiful, isn’t she?↗”“He isn’t rich, is he?↗”when you really don’t know the answer, you should use a rising intonation. So, “He isn’t rich, is he?↘”you know that he isn’t rich. But, “He isn’t rich, is he?↗”you don’t know whether he is rich or not. Listen to another example. “You like Taiwan, don’t you?↗”“You like Taiwan, don’t you?↘”So remember to use the proper intonation when you use tag questions.This has been today’s daily tip on learning English. Tune in tomorrow for another tip.listen 17美语听力与发音技巧第17期（自然的连续）Welcome to Daily Tips on Learning English. Today’s tip is on sound linking.When certain sounds are linked together, the resulting sound is merely the combination of the two original sounds. For example, “one apple”is pronounced “one-napple”, and “four apples”is pronounced “four-rapples”. However, when other sounds are linked, there’s a blending of the sounds. The sounds are linked smoothly without any break. For example, “two apples”are pronounced as if there’s an additional “w”sound “w”in between the words. “two apples”, “two apples”. And when the words “three”and “apple”are linked, it sounds as if there were an additional “y”sound “i”between the words. “three apples”, “three apples”, “three apples”. This is because the sounds between the words are linked smoothly without any break. “two-w-apples”, not “two”“apples”. “three-i-apples”, not “three apples.”Pay careful attention how sounds are blended together.Another good example is how words ending in a “t”or “d”sound “t”or “d”are linked to words beginning with a “y”sound “j”. For example, “Did you do it?”becomes “Did-you do it?”“Would you do it?”becomes “would-you do it?”Notice how together “did”“you”becomes “Did-you”and “would”“you”becomes “would-you”, and “do”“it”becomes “do-it”. Listen again as I give more examples. “Did you do it?”“Did you do it?”“Would you do it?”“Would you do it?”“Should you do it?”“Should you do it?”“Could you do it?”“Could you do it?”And also notice when a word ending in the “t”sound “t”is followed by a word beginning in a “y”sound “j”, you get the sound “t∫”. For example, “Can’t you do it?”“Can’t you do it?”“Didn’t you do it?”“Didn’t you do it?”“Couldn’t you do it?”“Couldn’t you do it?”“Shouldn’t you do it?”“Shouldn’t you do it?”“Wouldn’t you do it?”“Wouldn’t you do it?”“It’s nice to meet you.”“It’s nice to meet you.”Today’s tip is to pay careful attention to how words are blended together, and how the resulting sound is often very different from the original sounds. This has been today’s daily tip. Tune in tomorrow for another tip on learning English.listen 18美语听力与发音技巧第18期（数字的发音）。