定语从句中 which,that 的用法与区别

江苏 朱姝

关系代词 which 一般指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或定语，既可引导限制性定语从句，又可引导非限制性定语从句。下面就进行归纳总结：

1. 引导限制性定语从句

A shop should keep a stock of those goods which sell best.

商店应存有最畅销的货物。

This is the family which is planning to move to the party.

这是要搬进城里的一家。

2. 引导非限制性定语从句。

（ 1 ）用来指代一个句子。

Internet is so interesting, which makes all possible happen.

因特网是如此有趣，它使任何事都有可能发生。

（ 2 ）用来指代句子的一部分。

When deep in thought, which he often was, he would forget all around him.

他常常陷入沉思，这时他就会忘掉周围的一切。

（ 3 ）如果要引导两个非限制性定语从句，第二个 which 前要加 and.

He bought a book, which was written by LuXun, and which he decided to give to

his friend.

他买了本鲁迅写的书，他决定送给朋友。

3. 名词＋ of ＋ which （＝ of which ＋名词＝ whose + 名词）通常放在先行词的后面。 I'd like a room the window of which looks out over the sea. / I'd like a room

定语从句中which和that用法

在定语从句中，which 和that 在指代事物时，一般可以互换使用，但并非在任何情况下都是这样。

一、宜用that, 而不宜用which 的情况.

①先行词为不定代词all,much,something,everything,anything,nothing,none,the one等

1. We should do all that is useful to the people.

2. There's nothing that can be said about it.

3. Do you mean the one that was bought yesterday

②先行词被only, any, few, little, no, just, very, one of等词修饰时。

1 .The only thing that we could do was to wait.

2 .That's the very word that is wrongly used.

3 .The last place (that) we visited was the chemical works.

4 .You can take any (=whichever) seat that is free.

5 .I hope the little that I can will be of some help to them.

③先行词是序数词时或被序数词修饰时。

1. When we talk about Wuxi, the first that comes into mind is Tai Lake.

2. This is the third film that has been shown in our school this term.

④先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰时。

仅供个人参考

不得用于商业用途 定语从句that与which特定用法

在定语从句中，当先行词是物时，引导词that和which常常可以通用，但以下几种情况需注意。

注意1只宜于用which，不用that的情况。

(1)先行词为that，those时。

What’s that which is under the desk? 在桌子底下的那个是什么？

(2)引导词（关系代词）前有介词时。

This is the room in which he lives. 这是他居住的房间。

注意2只宜于用that，不用which的情况。

(1)先行词是形容词最高级或者它的前面有形容词最高级修饰时。

The film is the most interesting that I have ever seen. 这部电影是我看过的最有趣的一部。

English is the most difficult subject that you will learn during these

years. 英语会是这些年你学的最难的科目。

(2)先行词是序数词或它的前面有last或序数词修饰时。

It’s the first film that I saw this year. 这是我今年看的第一部电影。

Tom is always the first that comes to the classroom. Tom总是第一个到教室的人。

(3)主句以疑问词who，which开头时，不用which或who，以避仅供个人参考

不得用于商业用途 免重复。

Which is the bike that you lost? 哪辆是你丢的自行车？

(4)先行词既有人又有物时。

They are taiking about the sutdents and the school that they visited

yesterday. 他们正在谈论昨天访问的学生和学校。

定语从句which和that的用法区别

定语从句which和that的用法区别

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定语从句which和that的用法区别

that与which的用法区别

两者都可指物，常可互换。其区别主要在于：

1. 引导非限制性定语从句时，通常要用which:

The current, which is very rapid, makes the river dangerous。

水流湍急，使这条河很危险。

He has to work on Sundays, which he doesn’t like. 他得在星期天工作,他是不喜欢这样的。

The London team, which played so well last season, has done

badly this season. 伦敦队上一个季度打得很好，这个季度却打得很差。

2。 直接放在介词后作宾语时,通常要用which：

She may be late， in which case we ought to wait for her。 她可能晚到，那样我们就要等等她.

The documents for which they were searching have been recovered.

他们找寻的文件已找到了.

This morning some port wine came， for which I have to thank