2017英语考研,考研语法,主语从句PPT

2017考研英语语法小讲：主语从句
1.考研英语语法学习方法 2.2017考研英语语法小讲：主语从句
考研英语语法学习方法
• 我们在复习考研英语时，还是应该适量复习一些语法知识的。那是不 是所有的语法都需要掌握？当然不是。这里，就来说说考研英语语法 的复习重点和方法。 • 复习重点：并列句的同等、选择、转折、因果等关系; 五大从句; 非 谓语动词;特殊结构(倒装;比较;省略);还有一些连接词特殊用法 (as, than, that等)。 • 复习方法：首先，要有整体角度，来对语法知识点进行梳理。当然不 能死抠语法点，更多的是利用语法知识点来解决长难句。所以在知道 了一定的语法基础知识之后，我们需要掌握整体分析句子的方法和能 力。因此，忽视意义或脱离语境的机械操练，过分强调死记硬背语法 规则，或在没有充分语境的情况下刻意地去分析长句、难句、某些少 见的语法现象，这些都是不可取的。 • 其次，与阅读相关系。在平时阅读时，如果可以“通顺”地理解所读 材料的含义，那么不必停留下来去刻意分析语法要点;而当你发现自 己无法“通顺”地理解，那么就有必要去分析造成困难的语法要点、 重点、难点或盲点了。
• 例5： • It has long been known that a taxi form called AAAA cars has a big advantage over Zodiac cars when customers thumb through their phone directories. 1. It has long been known that 2. a taxi form called AAAA cars has a big advantage over Zodiac cars 3. when customers thumb through their phone directories.
3. whether 或if 引导主语从句
• 连词whether以及连接代词或连接副词引导 的主语从句一般放在句首。 • if(…or), whether (…or not)引导的名词性从句 一般是由一般疑问句或选择疑问句转化而 来的，其功能和wh从句的功能相同。翻译 时，译为“是否”，采用順译法。 •
（2）that 引导的主语从句形式
（2）that 引导的主语从句形式
• a. that 引导的主语从句直接放在句首： That she should be ungrateful cut him to the heart.她忘恩负义，这使她很伤心。 • b. It is +过去分词+that 从句 It is reported that\ it is known that\ it is not decided\ it is said that\ it is believed that\ it is generally thought that\ it is estimated that\ it is universally accepted that\ it must be pointed out\ it should be noted that\ it has been found that\ it has been proved
• 例4： • It is becoming less clear, however, that such a theory would be a simplification, given the dimensions and universes that it might entail, nonetheless, unification of sorts remains a major goal. 1. It is becoming less clear that 2. such a theory would be a simplification 3. given the dimensions and universes that it might entail 4. nonetheless, unification of sorts remainsso a fact that today many prejudices have disappeared, so that banks and other financial institutes make judgments on purely business considerations without caring if it is a man or woman. 1. It is also a fact that 2. today many prejudices have disappeared 3. so that banks and other financial institutes make judgments on purely business considerations 4. without caring if it is a man or woman.
2017考研英语语法小讲：主语从句
2017考研英语语法小讲：主语从句
名词性从句作为一个整体，在句子中充当主 语时，叫做主语从句。
主语表达的是论述的对象和话题，识别主语
时读懂每句话的第一步。
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1.（1）that 引导主语从句时，that 没有意义，但不能省略。 (that 引导宾语从句时可以省略。) For example: It worried her a bit that her hair was turning gray. 她的头发 正在变白，这使她很不安。that引导主语从句，it 作形式主 语，that 不能省略。 That she is a rich woman is known to us all. 众所周知，她 是个富有的女人。这是that 引导主语从句，that 不能省略。 这句话可以改为用it 作形式主语的句型。请同学们改写：It is known to us all that she is a rich woman.) We didn’t know (that) you had sold your house. 我们不知道你 已经把你的房子卖了。这是that引导宾语从句，that 可以省 略。注意这句话的时态。
• c. It is +形容词+that从句 it is clear that\ it is certain that\ it is certain that\ it is likely\unlikely that\ it is natural that\ it is necessary that\ it is strange that\ it is obvious that\ it is fortunate that • d. it is +名词短语+ that it is a fact that\ it is a pity that\ it is an honor that\ it is good news that\ it is no wonder that\ it is a common knowledge that\ • e. it +不及物动词+that 从句 it appears that\ it seems that\ it follows that\ it happens that\ it turns out that\
主语从句练习
• 例1： • It is worrisome that society is medicalizing more and more behavioral problems, often defining as addictions what earlier, sterner generations explained as weakness of will. 1. It is worrisome that… 2. society is medicalizing more and more behavioral problems, 3. behavioral problems, often defining as addictions 4. sterner generations explained behavioral problems as weakness of will. • 例2： • That the seas are being overfished has been known for years.
it 作形式主语的情况
2.从句作主语时，多数情况下由 it 作形式主语，而把主语 从句放在后面，尤其是谓语部分(包括宾语)较短的情况下。 For example: • It wasn’t very clear what she meant. 不清楚她是什么 意思。 • It is important that he should come on time. 他按时来 是很重要的。 • It is true that that man on the left is a well-known writer here. 左边那个人是本地的一位著名作家，这是真 的。这里，第一个that 引导主语从句，是单纯的连词， 无词义，不作句子成分。第二个that 是指示代词，作句 子成分，是man 的定语。
It 做形式主语与it 引导强调句的区别
• 将it is …that\whom\who\去掉如果句法完整 则为强调，否则it 为形式主语。 1. It was in Paris that they met for the first time. In Paris, they met for the first time. 2. It is certain that she will succeed.
练习：
• 练习1： • It’s an interactive feature that lets visitors key in job criteria such as location, title, and salary, then E-mails them when a matching position is posted in the database. • 练习2: • furthermore, it is obvious that the strength of a country is economy is directly bound up with the efficiency of its agriculture and industry, and that this in turn rests upon the efforts of scientists and technologists of all kinds.