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初高中衔接英语句子成分

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初高中英语衔接之句子成分 精品优选公开课件

初高中英语衔接之句子成分 精品优选公开课件


7. When to hold the meeting has not been decided yet.
(疑问词+不定式)
8. What he needs is a book. （ 从句
）
9. It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall
4. I feel much better today./I must be off now. ( 形容词/副词 )
5. He is out of danger.( 介词短语 )
6. The news was exciting./They were excited at the news.(分词 )
（不定式 ）
11.Will you tell us about your teaching plan? （ 动名词）
12.This is the very book that I need. （ 从句 ）
六、状语 状语可以用下面这些东西表示：
1. He is often late for class.( 副词，程度 ) 2. We saw that picture at the cinema.( 介词短语，地点) 3. He sat there smoking.( 分词，伴随 ) 4. They returned tired and hungry. （ 形容词，状态）
5. They did everything they could to save the boy’s life. （ 不定式，目的 ）
6. Although he is young, he knows a lot. (让步状语从句) 7. The box is so heavy that I can’t lift it. ( 结果状语从句 )
初中高中英语衔接课 - 句子成分

初中高中英语衔接课 - 句子成分


The weather has turned hot. The speech is exciting. It looks interesting.
predicative
（五）定语：修饰 修饰名词、代词的成分
限定 称为定语。用于限定名词的性质 ,特征, 数量,状态,类别等内容. 翻译成“…的” Two maps Two large new maps Two large new maps of the world. 两张 大的 新的 世界的 地图 China is a developing country. There are thirty women teachers in our school. attribute
subject
（二）谓语：用于说明主语的动作,状
态，特征等内容,一般紧跟主语后面。谓 语由动词(包括be动词)，动词词组（及其 各种语态和时态）构成。例如： He opens the door. You may keep the book for two weeks.
He has caught a bad cold. She was reading a book. predicate
sentence elements
定义: 组成句子的各个组成部分叫 句子的成分:
主语,谓语, 宾语,表语,
定语,状语,补语
（一）主语：句子说明的主体和对象。一般 位于句首。最常见由名词、代词充当，例如：
Our English teacher likes singing. We often speak English in class.
object complement
状语种类如下：
We meet at six?
时间状语
初高英语衔接《英语句子成分及基本结构》

初高英语衔接《英语句子成分及基本结构》


（动词不定式）
5 Swimming is good for our health. (动名词）
6.What we need is food. （句子）
7.The poor are everywhere in some countries. (the +形容词)
找出下面句子的主语 1. Our school is not far from my home. 2. To talk with you is a great pleasure 3. Cleaning the house needs a lot of time.
不定式）
找出下列句子的表语
• 1. We are the master of our future. • 2. The old man felt very sad. • 3. Our country will become stronger • 4. My father kept silent. • 5. Your words seemed right. • 6. The drink tastes quite wonderful. • 7. In spring the trees turn green.
• 一般由名词、代词、不定代词或相当于名词的单 词或短语来充当，也有从句充当的现象。
• 大多数主语都在句首。
1 The room is very clean.
（名词）
2 We often speak English . （代词）
3 Eight is my lucky number. （数词）
4 To teach them English is my job.
habit. • 6. We must study English very hard. • 7. Our country will become stronger. • 8. The train had left by 10 last night.
句子成分知识清单-高中英语初高中衔接

句子成分知识清单-高中英语初高中衔接

一、句子成分和句子种类（一）句子成分一个完整的英语句子，至少由两部分组成(祈使句除外)——主语和谓语。

除了主语和谓语，句子有时还需要其他的成分，如用在及物动词后面表示行为对象或结构的宾语，系动词之后的表语，修饰或限定名词或代词的定语，修饰动词、形容词、副词、介词短语或全句的状语，对一个名词或代词作进一步解释的同位语以及补语等。

主语同位语谓语定语宾宾补地点状语时间状语My friend, Tom found his money missing on the way home yesterday.昨天，我的朋友Tom在回家的路上发现他的钱不见了。

主语是句子叙述的主体，表明这句话描述的是什么，相当于句子的话题。

通常是由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、不定式、动名词或从句等担任。

The apple is red. 名词Nobody can help you except yourself. 代词Four and five makes nine. 数词The sick and the old need our help. 名词化的形容词To become a nurse is my wish. 不定式Swimming is good for our health. 动名词That he forgot tell me the time for the meeting caused lots of trouble. 从句2.谓语谓语表示主语的动作或状态。

谓语由动词担任，有简单谓语和复合谓语之分。

(1)简单谓语：动词或动词词组He often reads newspapers.The plane takes off at 8 o'clock.(2)复合谓语：情态动词或助动词+ 动词He can speak English very well.The work will be done before three o'clock.3.表语表语说明主语的特征、类属、状态或身份。

初中升高中英语语法知识衔接 专题一 英语句子成分

初中升高中英语语法知识衔接 专题一 英语句子成分

专题一英语句子成分一、定义构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。

句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。

1．主语(The Subject)主语是一个句子叙述的主体，说明句子讲的是谁或者是什么情况。

能够充当主语的词通常有名词、代词、数词、不定式、动词­ing形式等，也可由从句来作主语。

To say it is one thing；to do it is another.说是一回事；做是另一回事。

(不定式作主语)What we can't get seems better than what we have.我们得不到的似乎比我们拥有的更好。

(从句作主语)2．谓语(The Predicate)谓语一般放在主语之后，用来说明主语的动作、特征、行为或存在的状语。

谓语通常由动词或短语动词来充当，具有各种时态、语态和语气的变化，前面还可以加上助动词或情态动词等。

The room can hold twenty people.这屋子可容下20个人。

My legs gave out after the long trip.长途跋涉后我的腿筋疲力尽了。

3．表语(The Predicative)表语用来表述主语的特征、状态、身份等，一般跟在连系动词之后，一起构成系表结构。

可以用作表语的有名词、代词、数词、形容词、副词、非谓语动词、介词短语、从句等。

He is a light eater but a heavy sleeper.他这人饭吃得少却很能睡。

Keep still while I photograph you.我在给你照相时你不要动。

That's where I was born.那就是我出生的地方。

4．宾语(The Object )宾语在句中充当动作的承受者，一般位于及物动词之后，表明行为动作的支配对象。

可以充当宾语的有名词、代词、数词、动词不定式、动词­ing 形式或从句等。

初高中知识衔接：句子成分

初高中知识衔接：句子成分

初高中知识衔接：句子成分& 五种简单基本句型温馨提示：高中教材中，无论是要点讲解，书面表达，还是从句学习都会涉及句子成分，任何一个句子都需要严格的语法结构来组成，否则就会出现错误的句子,读不懂句子或则在作文中丢分。

因此，在进入高中学习之前，同学们一定要掌握句子成分。

•S: Subject 主语；V: Verb 动词（谓语）；•O: Object 宾语；P: Predicative 表语；•OC: Object Complement 宾语补足语；•InO: Indirect Object 间接宾语；DO：Direct Object 直接宾语一．句子成分a. 主语（subject）：请画出下列句子的主语并思考由什么充当的主语：1. The sun rises in the east.2. He likes dancing.3. Twenty years is a short time in history.4. Seeing is believing.5. To see is to believe.6. What he needs is a book.7. It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.总结：从以上7个句子我们可以知道，一个句子的主语可以由________ ___________充当。

b.谓语（predicate）: 说明主语的请画出下列句子的谓语We study English.I sleep.He is asleep.c. . 表语（predicative）:常见系动词: be, sound（听）, look（看）, feel(摸)，smell（闻）, taste（吃）, remain，keep, stay（保持，仍是）, feel（感觉）,变得（become, turn, go, get）,seem(似乎)，appear(好像)...e.g: 1.It sounds a good idea. 2.The boy looks smart.3.The food smells delicious.4.The food tastes good.5.The door remains open.6.Now I feel tired.7. The shop stays open until 12. 8. The food went bad.9. The room became dirty. 10. He keeps silent all day.请画出下列句子的表语：1. He is a teacher.2. He is kind.3. His father is away.4. The picture is on the wall.归纳总结：一个句子的表语可以有__________ _________ ________ __________ 等充当。

2024-2025学年初高中英语衔接复习：句子成分课件

2024-2025学年初高中英语衔接复习：句子成分课件

eg:
The popular singer just put up a new single. In conclusion, we should have a good understanding of its advantages and disadvantages and find a proper way to make our study more efficient.
补语——宾语补足语
宾语补足语，简称“宾补“是指跟在宾语后面补充说明宾语的状态的成分，由 形容词或名词充当。一些动词不仅需要宾语,还需要宾补来让句子的意思完整。
eg:
This good news made me happy. They elected him President. The gloves will keep your hands warm. (2021·全国甲卷满分作文)Because this activity will be presented on the English website, I sincerely want you to offer me some advice.不定式短 语作宾语补足语
kung fu in a school in my hometown.
从句作宾语
I consider it a priority to maintain a healthy work-life balance. it作形式宾语
定语 定语是用来形容、修饰名词品质、特征或特性的成分，一般用形容词或 名词性的成分(单个形容词或形容词性从句)来充当。
补语——主语补足语/表语
表语一般位于系动词之后,用来说明主语这个“主子”的身份、特征和状 态。一般由名词、形容词、不定式(短语)、动词-ing形式或表语从句充当。
初高中英语衔接教学专题之英语句子成分

初高中英语衔接教学专题之英语句子成分

初高中英语衔接教学专题之英语句子成分初高中英语衔接教学专题之英语句子成分（简单句的翻译）一．句子成分的定义与分类1、定义组成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分，常包括主语、谓语（主要由动词充当）、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语和状语。

2、分类其中，主语、谓语（主要是动词）、宾语、宾语补足语及表语称为句子的基本成分。

而定语及状语称为句子的附属成分。

1 主语：表示句子所说的是什么人或什么事物。

一般由名词、代词或相当于名词或代词的词或短语充当。

如： Lucy is an American girl.We study at Zhuhai No.1 Middle School. The rich should help the poor. Reading makes a man full.That he are always late makes me angry. To learn English well is easy for you.2 谓语：说明主语做什么，是什么或怎么样。

谓语部分主要的词是动词。

谓语在人称和数方面必须和主语一致。

The sun rises in the east. He likes English. Her parents are workers. She is running. 3 宾语：表示动作或行为的对象。

一般由名词、代词或相当于名词或代词的词或短语充当，和vt（及物动词）一起来说明主语做什么。

如： He often helps me. We study English at school.4 宾语补足语：表示宾语的身份、状态、特性或宾语所做的动作。

由名词、形容词、不定式、或介词短语和分词充当。

I’ll have my hai r cut tomorrow. His parents named him Jim.We found the book very interesting. Lucy asked him to turn down the radio5 表语：说明主语是什么或怎么样。

初升高英语衔接语法部分---句子成份,简单句,并列句,复合句

初升高英语衔接语法部分---句子成份,简单句,并列句,复合句

初高中英语衔接之语法基础第一节句子成分句子由句子成分组成。

句子成分主要分为主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。

一.主语Subject主语是一个句子所要说明的人和物,是句子的主体。

它一般位于句首,可由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、不定式、动名词以及主语从句等来充当。

请划出句子主语，并判断是什么成分做主语。

Knowledge is power.She is a small eater.Three will be enough for us.The injured _____ (send) to hospital at once when the accident happened .To see ___ to believe._____ (read) books is my hobby._______ (我们所需要的东西) is your help.改错1. Visit a museum excites teenagers.2. Disabled should be respected.3. Our school has taken place great changes.二、谓语Predicate谓语是用来说明主语的动作、状态或特征,一般放在主语之后。

谓语有以下几种基本情况1.由一个动词或动词词组构成,无论这个动词是何种时态、语态和语气。

Everything ____ (go) smoothly last month.Thousands of trees _______(plant) every year.They ______(finish) the work so far.They _________(swim) in the river now.2.情态动词+动词We must study English hard.Water can be dangerous.You can’t park here- it's a no parking area.That can’t be Tom-he is studying abroad.May I come in?I may go with you, but I'm not sureShe cried her eyes out. Something terrible must _____(happen).The experiment can _________ (complete) on time.3.连系动词+表语,说明主语的特征、类属、状态、身份系动词的数量是有限的,常见的只有十来个,我们把它们分成四组,这样有助于我们记忆系动词。

初升高衔接——英语句子成分解析

初升高衔接——英语句子成分解析

英语句子成分解析1.主语(subject)2.谓语(predicate)3.宾语（object）4.表语（predicative）5.定语（attribute）6.状语（adverbial）7、补语（complement）8、同位语（appositive）主语(subject) 是一个句子的主题( theme), 是句子所述说的主体, 它的位置一般在一句之首, 可用作主语的有单词、短语、从句乃至句子。

1.Ou.maste.i.ver.kind.2.H.i..goo.boy.3.Teachin.the.Englis.i.he.job.4.T.wor.wit.the.i.ver.interesting指出下列句中的主语① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.② There is an old man coming here.③ The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.④ To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.2.谓语(predicate) 或谓语动词(predicate verb) 的位置一般在主语之后。

谓语由简单动词或动词短语（助动词或情态动词＋主要动词）构成。

1. 由简单的动词构成。

(1).H.worke.har.al.da.today.(2).Th.plan.too.of.a.te.o’clock.2. 由动词短语构成的谓语.(1)..a.reading.(2).Yo.ca.d.i.i.yo.tr.hard.3．英语常用某些动作名词代替表动态的谓语动词，表生动。

这种动作名词之前常用没有多大意义的动词have.get.take.giv.等。

初高中英语衔接教学专题之英语句子成分

初高中英语衔接教学专题之英语句子成分


1.His father named him Dongming. （名词）
2.They painted their boat white. （形容词）
3.Let the fresh air in. （副词） 4.You mustn’t force him to lend his money
to you.（不定式短语）
6.His job is to teach English.（不定式） 7.His hobby is playing football.（动名词）
8.The meeting is of great importance. （介词短语） 9.Time is up. The class is over.（副词）
表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、数词、 副词、 不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语及表语从句 表示。例如：
1.Our teacher of English is an American. （名词） 2.Is it yours?（代词） 3.The weather has turned cold.（形容词） 4.The speech is exciting.（分词） 5.Three times seven is twenty one?（数词）
3）表像系动词用来表示“看起来像”这一概念， 主要有seem, appear, look, 例如： He seems (to be) very sad.
注意：系动词（Linking verb)用于连接主语和表 语，说明主语的状态，性质特征和身份等。
4）感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste, 例如： This kind of cloth feels very soft.
5）变化系动词表示主语变成什么样，主要有 become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run.例如： He became mad after that.

初高中英语衔接-句子成分

• 7. I think（that）he is fit for his office.
• 8. Lend me your dictionary, please.
• 9. They gave me some money. • 宾语：宾语表示动作的对象或承受者，一般位于及
物动词（vt.）和介词（prep.）后面。
a, an, the in, on, at, behind, from and, but, if, or
感叹 词
表示说话时的感情或口气 interj.
oh, er, ough, um，ouch
名称 英语名称
用途
例词
句法作用
名词 n.（noun）
表示人或事物 的名称
代词
pron. （pronoun）
词性和句子成分
预备知识点一：词类概述 十大词类：
根据英语单词所表达的含义以及在句子中的作用，把英 语单词分为10个类别，即： 名词、代词、数词、动词、副词、形容词、冠词、
介词、连词、感叹词。
根据部分词类具有的共同特征，又将十大词类分为两大 部分，即：实词和虚词
实词：名词、代词、数词、动词、副词、形容词。
6. The teaching plan for next term has been worked out.
7. He is reading an article about how to learn English.
• 定语：1.修饰名词或代词，起限定，具体说明的作用 • 2. 在汉语中常用“….的”来表示。
主 谓语
宾语
定语
2. My brother hasn't done his homework.
主语

初升高英语衔接.(句子成分)

I was born on June 9th 1982 in Guangxi.
He is writing with a pen.
一) 挑出下列句中的宾语 ① My brother hasn't done his homework. ② People all over the world speak English. ④ How many new words did you learn last class? ⑤ Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you? ⑥ The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill.
5主. To谓m lent m宾e 200 dollars. 定语
6.
I
主
saw
h谓im
宾
writing
宾a letter.
7.主I fi谓nd m宾aths di宾ffic补ult.
主谓
8. We call
宾her
Lily.
宾补
9.
主谓 宾
Father asked
me宾to补turn
off
状语
表语
Reading is useful.
To see is to believe.
what I told you is the truth.
They are good friends.
谓语：
• 谓语说明主语做什么，是什么，怎么样，由 简单动词或者动词短语构成．
They are teachers. She looks well. He studies hard. He laughed at his classmates. He can speak English. I am looking at you. I was beaten by my deskmate.

英语初升高新高一衔接课程第8讲 语法：句子成分分析

学一学一、基本句型一：主语+谓语主语+不及物动词。

此句型的句子有一个共同的特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思，这类动词叫作不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。

【例句】The sun rises. 太阳升起来了。

主语谓语二、基本句型二：主语+谓语+宾语主语+及物动词+宾语。

此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。

这类动词叫作及物动词。

【例句】I know your name. 我知道你的名字。

主语谓语宾语三、基本句型三：主语+系动词+表语主语+连系动词+表语。

此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。

这类动词叫作连系动词。

系动词分为两类：be，look，keep，seem等为一类，表示情况；get，grow，become，turn等属另一类，表示变化。

be本身没有什么意义，只起连系主语和表语的作业。

其他系动词仍保持其部分词义。

【例句】The dinner smells good. 午餐的气味很好。

主语系动词表语四、基本句型四：主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语。

此句型的句子有一个共同特点：谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。

这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者，另一个是动作的间接承受者。

通常这一间接承受者用一个介词来连接，当动作的间接承受者在动作的直接承受者之前时，这一介词往往被省略。

间接宾语前需加to的常用动词有：allow，bring，deny，give，leave，lend，offer，pass，pay，permit，promise，refuse，send，show等。

【例句】My mom passed me the book.主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语= My mom passed the book to me. 我妈妈递给我这本书。

初高中英语衔接-句子成分

句子成分句子是由不同种类的单词按照一定的语法规则组合在一起，能表达一个完整意思的语言单位所构成。

组成句子的各个成分即是句子成分。

句子成分主要有八种，分别是主语、谓语、表语、宾语、(宾语和主语)补足语、定语、状语及同位语。

其中主语和谓语是句子的主要成分，其他成分，如表语和宾语等是句子的次要成分。

一、主语用来说明句子所说的是“什么人”或是“什么事物”，一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词或短语充当。

二、谓语说明主语“做什么”、“是什么”或者“怎么样”，谓语用动词。

谓语和主语在“人称”和“数”两个方面必须一致。

三、表语表语表示主语的性质、特征、身份等。

表语要放在系动词之后与系动词一起作复合谓语。

四、宾语宾语表示动作的对象，是动作的承受者五、定语定语用来修饰名词或代词六、状语状语用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，通常表示行为发生的地点、时间、方式、程度等。

七、宾语补足语宾语补足语用来补充说明宾语的情况练习（一）.指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分：•1. The students got on the school bus.•2. He handed me the newspaper.•3. I shall answer your question after class. •4. What a beautiful Chinese painting!•5. They went hunting together early in the morning. •6. His job is to train swimmers.•7. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing. •8. There is going to be an American film tonight. •9. He is to leave for Shanghai tomorrow. •10. His wish is to become a scientist.•11. He managed to finish the work in time.•12. Tom came to ask me for advice.•13. He found it important to master English.•14. Do you have anything else to say?•15. To be honest，your pronunciation is not so good.•16. Would you please tell me your address?•17. He sat there, reading a newspaper.•18. It is our duty to keep our classroom clean and tidy.•19. He noticed a man enter the room.•20. The apples tasted sweet.指出下列诸句中画线部分是什么成分：1.On the left of my house is an old church.2. Why could the boiling point of water be lower at the top of a mountain?3. I am not going to work today.4. This thing is for peeling potatoes.5.What time will you arrive?6.The Genie promised that if anyone should come and set him free, he would make him very rich.7. What nationality are you?8. I couldn’t understand why he had decided to retire at 50.9. I am terribly confused by all this information.10. We had already reached 9000 feet by then.11. She reminded me to switch off all the lights.12. I’ll be able to pass my driving test after I have had a few lessons.13. I love swimming. It keeps me fit.14. It is obvious that money doesn’t grow on trees.(二)。

初高中英语衔接_句子成分


补足语：用来补充说明宾语或主语的性质、状 态。分为宾补和主补。

主补：对主语的补充。 He was elected monitor. She was found singing in the next room. He was advised to teach the lazy boy a lesson.

Wang Ling lent me a novel to read in the bus. （双宾语） me 间接宾语 表示动作是对谁或为谁做的。 a novel 直接宾语 表示动作的直接承受者或结果。
形式宾语：若宾语是动词不定式，动名词或从
句，可用it作形式宾语代替其位置，而将其到宾补之 后。
子，汉语中常用‘„„的’表示。
①Mary is a chemistry teacher.（名词作定语） ②He is our friend. （代词作定语） ③We belong to the third world. （数词作定语） ④He was advised to teach the lazy boy a lesson. （形容词作定语） ⑤The man over there is my old friend. (副词作定 语)
I found it difficult to finish the task in time. Do you consider it any good sending more people there? We have made it clear that we disagreed.

定语:是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句

表语：是谓语的一部分，它位于系动词(如be,become)之后，
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英语句子成分和英语句子结构 讲解
主语 谓语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 宾语补足语 主语补足语
句子成分

给下列句子的主语画线并判断哪些词性可充当主语
(1) —————— rises in the east. (名词 ) The sun (2) —— likes dancing. He ( 代词 ) (3) ————— is enough. Twenty ( 数词 ) (4) ————— is believing. Seeing (动词ing形式 ) (5) To see is to believe ( 动词不定式) ————— (6) ———————————is a book. (主语从句 ) What he needs (7) It is very clear that the elephant is round ————————————————— and tall like a tree. ( 主语从句) ————————————— 1.主语： 是执行句子的行为或动作的主体。
给下列句子的谓语画线并注意其时态和语态。 1. He____a boy. is 2. He _________ his homework. finished 3. I’m working hard. ____________ 4. We were playing basketball at that time yesterday. _______________ 5. I will let you know the result tomorrow. ________ 6. He has already finished his homework. ________________________ 7. I had finished my work before I got home. _______________ 8. We will have finished the Book 1 by the end of ____________________ next month. 9. He was taken good care of. ____________________________
feel 总结：常见的系动词有：be ; 表感观的_________, _______, ________, ________,_________; 表保 sound look smell taste remain stay 持的________,________, _______; 表变化的有 keep _________, _________，________ get turn become
划出下列句子的表语，并判断哪些词可以充当表语。 1. He is a teacher. ( 名词 ) __________ 2. Five and five is _____ 数词 ) ten. ( 3. He is asleep. 形容词 ) ( ________ 4. His father is _____ ( 副词 ) in. 5. The picture is on the wall. ( 介词短语) ______________ 6. My watch is gone / missing/ lost. ( 分词 ) _________________________ 7. To wear a flower is to say “ I’m poor, I can’t buy a _______ ring.” ( 动词不定式 ) 8. The question is whether they will come. 表语从句 ) _____________________________ ( 9. Her voice sounds sweet. 形容词 ) ( _____ 10. The door remains open. 形容词 ) ( _____ 表语 系动词之后的成分，表示主语的性质，状态 和特征。
谓语：说明主语的动作，状态和特征。
给下列句子的宾语画线并判断哪些词可以充当宾语 (1) I like China. ( 名词 ) ———— (2) He hates———— you ( 代词 ) (3) How many do you need? We need two. ( 数词 ) ——————— ——— (4) We should help the old and the poor. the +形容词 ( ) —————————————— (5) I enjoy working with you. ( 动词ing ) ————— (6) I hope to see you again. ( 动词不定式) ———— (7) Did you write down what he said? ( 宾语从句 ) ————————— 1）动作的承受者―――与动词构成 动宾关系。 3.宾语 2）介词后的名词，代词和动名词――― 与介词构成介宾关系