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研究生学术英语第六单元摘要：一、引言1.研究生学术英语的重要性2.第六单元的主题概述二、学术英语写作技巧1.清晰表达观点2.逻辑结构严谨3.语言精准且专业4.善于利用文献和案例支撑论点三、本单元重点语法现象1.动词时态和语态2.名词性从句3.情态动词的用法4.虚拟语气的运用四、实践练习1.分析并改进给出的学术英语段落2.撰写一篇符合学术英语要求的短文五、总结与展望1.回顾本单元所学内容2.学术英语写作能力的提升对研究生的意义3.鼓励持续学习和实践正文：一、引言随着全球化的发展，研究生学术英语的重要性日益凸显。
在日常学术研究和国际交流中，良好的学术英语能力成为必备技能。
本文以研究生学术英语第六单元为切入点，对其中的学术英语写作技巧进行探讨，以期帮助读者提升学术英语写作水平。
二、学术英语写作技巧1.清晰表达观点在学术英语写作中，首先要做到清晰表达自己的观点。
文章应围绕主题展开，避免跑题。
此外，观点应具有创新性，能引起读者的兴趣。
2.逻辑结构严谨一篇优秀的学术英语文章应具备严谨的逻辑结构。
作者需注意段落间的过渡和逻辑关系，使文章条理清晰。
3.语言精准且专业在学术英语写作中，语言的精准性和专业性至关重要。
作者应尽量避免使用非学术性词汇和表达，以彰显专业素养。
4.善于利用文献和案例支撑论点学术英语写作中，作者应充分利用文献和案例来支撑自己的论点。
这既体现了作者的研究深度，也为读者提供了更多的思考空间。
三、本单元重点语法现象1.动词时态和语态在学术英语写作中，正确使用动词时态和语态至关重要。
作者应根据事实发生时间选择合适的时态，并根据句子主语和动作关系使用正确的语态。
2.名词性从句名词性从句在学术英语中具有重要作用。
作者要学会使用名词性从句来表示因果关系、阐述观点等，使文章更具说服力。
3.情态动词的用法情态动词在学术英语中有着特定用法。
作者应掌握其用法，以恰当表达自己对观点的把握程度。
4.虚拟语气的运用虚拟语气在学术英语写作中具有重要意义。
Uint6一、单词对应1。
Innovation and hard work are the cornerstones of this company。
创新和努力是这个公司的基石。
2。
The children seemed to prosper under their grandparent’s care。
看起来,孩子们在他们的祖父母的照顾下茁壮成长.3。
The sweep of the court’s decision could affect all car manufacturers 法院的决策将席卷整个汽车制造业.席卷修改成波及（席卷程度太深）法院的决策将波及整个汽车制造业。
4。
Some people seem to thrive on the pressure of working under a deadline.有些人似乎在工作最后期限的压力下成功。
有些人似乎喜欢在截至期限的压力下工作。
（thrive on 喜欢：从容应对尤指别人不喜欢或认为困难的事）5. Farmers have bounced back from difficult times in the 1980s。
农民们已经从二十世纪八十年代的困难时期恢复过来了。
6。
According to economic projections, China will overtake the USA in ten years.根据经济预测，中国将在十年内超过美国。
7. The planet cannot sustain more than 6 billion people。
这个星球不能维持60亿多人生存。
8. He could barely disguise his scorn for her.他几乎无法掩饰对她的蔑视.9。
The law prevents job discrimination against minorities and women。
Unit 6 Making Oral and Poster Presentations1 Critical ReadingU n d e rs ta n d in g th e te x tT A S K 1Purpose o f the ta lkto introduce nanotechnology Key wordsNanotechnology; Principles; Applications D efinition ofnanotechnologyNanotechnology has the ability to reproduce things like diamonds and food to the world being devoured by self-replicating nanorobots.M a jo r benefits It contributes to the development o f medicine and protection o f theenvironment.T A S K 21A nanometer is even smaller than a hundred-thousandth the width o f a human hair.2What we thought unbelievable can become a very real possibility.3They can replicate themselves and produce anything.4It can replicate diamonds, water and food. It can help the development o f medicine and protect the environment.5 There are enormous potentials and great interest in nanotechnology.O O T A S K 3Paras.1-101 O6 drasticallyParas.11-121 O2 O Paras.13-151 O2 suggest3 O 3 O 8 O 3 O4 O 4 conduct 9O5 O 10O 5 O6 O7 component 4 hold up 5 O 6 scatter 7 extremely 11O8 O T A S K 41-5315246-1098610711-1414111312T A S K 51The study o f nanotechnology has attracted scientists from various disciplines, the joint research which has never happened before.2Many people believed that replicators could only exist in science fiction, but now it is possible to produce replicators.3 Nanotechnology could render our dependence on non-renewable resources unnecessary.T A S K 6Although nanotechnology can benefit human beings w ith its vast range o f applications, it also raises the public concerns about its detrimental effects.T A S K 7Coordinated research is now being conducted in the burgeoning fie ld o f nanotechnology by scientists o f biology, engineering and materials science. The presentation w ill firs t explain the concept o f nanotechnology by detailing the key terms o f nanometers and nanoscales. It then analyses the role o f quantum mechanics and the way nanotechnology work. The main focus is the illustration o f a vast range o f the applications o f nanotechnology. Specific examples are given in the fie ld o f cancer treatment and the environment.E n h a n c in g la n g u a g e a b ilityT A S K 21unprecedented,drastically, concept 2caution, precise 3exponential, realm 4Additionally, diminished 5foreseeable,eradicated 6stick to, contradict 7Conventional, dominates 8programmed, automatically 9 scale, rearranged10 exclusively, take advantage of, potential2|Academic PresentationD o in g re s e a rc h p ro je c ts1The technology that assembles into others.2Because nanotechnology can be used to enable other kind o f applications, e.g. daily products.3Sunscreen cream, golf clubs, clothing, battery etc.4Absorbing the U V light and keeping it from forming the damaging reactive oxygen species deeper into skin.5 It introduces the nanomaterial-containing products.D e liv e rin g an o ra l p re s e n ta tio nC hoosing presentation stylesT A S K 11U nit 6 uses less formal and more colloquial style than U nit 4 and U nit 5.2 The text o f U nit 6 is less formal and more colloquial as the speaker wants to narrow the distancebetween the speaker and the audience.T A S K 31 weight2 compose 6 reduce 7 O3 O 8 O4 O5 salary 9 design 10 O3 U nit 6. Because the speaker faces the audience rather than readers, the audience who have nochance to raise any questions which can clarify what they fa il to understand. Examples can help them gain a better understanding.4 U nit 6. Because questions can engage the audience in the lecture.5 U nit6 uses the form o f questions to outline the points the speaker may cover.6The colloquial style is used fo r two purposes: One is to engage the audience in the lecture; the other is to make sure that the audience understand the speaker.7 Words and phrases like “OK”, “now let’s begin w ith”, “Now I’m going to” etc.T A S K 21The study found out that this drug has serious side effects.2 I f we know its sources and symptoms, we can explain many things that otherwise we cannotanalyze rationally.3 I f radiation was accidently released, it w ill damage a wide area fo r a long time.4 But the space skill can be applied in exploring our universe.5 Crops grow quickly because the soil in this area is very rich.6Inform ation has exploded and knowledge is increasingly obsolete. A ll this is forcing upon higher education a new set o f demands.7 The times signal that it is necessary to m odify our legal system.8It is necessary to supervise the crops carefully so that they can survive when harvest time comes.M a k in g a good beginningT A S K 3Infant-feeding practices in Shanghai; recent studies on infant-feeding practices; bottle-feeding and infant-feeding; firs t part / recent studies on infant-feeding practices.B u ild in g a lo g ica l presentation in the body sectionT A S K 11 Three. They are: What is nanotechnology? How nanotechnology works? What are the benefits thatwe human beings can obtain from nanotechnology?2 The speaker used such sentences likeOK, now le t’s begin w ith the definition o f n anotechnology.OK, now I’m going to answer the second question: how does nanotechnology works?Well, le t’s move on the th ird question. How can we apply nanotechnology to benefit human beings?3 Transitional words lik e so, fir s t, le t me and so on.U sing visu a l aidsT A S K 2Compared w ith the firs t one, the second slide uses a graph to present inform ation. Thus there is a minim um effort the audience may make. It is unnecessary fo r the audience to read the slide. Instead, they could be listening to the presenter’s describing the slide. The second slide uses the graph which, more vivid than the table, helps the contents stand out.D e live rin g y o u r presentationT A S K 11Yes. Because he wants to draw the audience’s attention.2 Yes. Because he wants to make his speech more dramatic and vivid.3 He wants to emphasize the points he is talking about and provoke the audience’s thought.4 He wants to make emphasis on the points he is mentioning.5 He wants to draw the audience’ attention.T A S K 31 b2 a3 h4 f5 j6 d7 i8 e9 g 10 c。
