2014全国高考英语试题汇编阅读之社会生活类

高中英语真题:2014高考英语二轮专题复习提分训练“阅读理解”社会生活类（2011年真题，含解析）Passage 1 （2011•四川卷• A）It’s 5:00 in the morning when the alarm (闹钟) rings in my ears. I roll out of bed and walk blindly through th e dark into the bathroom. I turn on the light and put on my glass es. The house is still as I walk downstairs while my husband an d three kids sleep peacefully. Usually I go for a long run, but tod ay I choose my favorite exercise DVD，Insanity. Sweat pours down my face and into my eyes. My hear t races as I force my body to finish each movement. As I near the end of the exercise, I feel extremely tired, but a smile is on my face. It’s not a smile because the DVD is over, but a smil e of success from pushing my body to its extreme limit.Some people enjoy shopping, smoking, food, work, or even ch ocolate. But I need exercise to get through each day. Some sha ke heads when they see me run through the town. Others get h urt when I refuse to try just one bite of their grandmother’s choc olate cake. They raise their eyebrows, surprised by my “no，thank you,” or by my choice to have a salad. Over the years, I h ave learned it’s okay to just say “no.” I shouldn’t feel sorry for re fusing food that I don’t want to eat.So what drives me to roll out of bed at 5:00 a.m.? What gives m e the reason to just say no to ice cream? Commitment. A comm itment to change my life with a way that reduces daily anxiety, i ncreases self-confidence and energy, extends life and above all improves my body shape. This is the point where a smile appears on my fac e as I look at myself in the mirror or try on my favorite pair of jea ns that now fit just right. It’s through commitment and sweat thatI can make a difference within myself inside and out.41.Why is there a smile on the author’s face in the morning?A. Because she sees her family sleeping peacefully.B. Because she finishes her favorite exercise.C. Because she enjoys the interesting DVD.D. Because she feels a sense of achievement.42. Which of the following is true according to Paragraph 2?A. She doesn’t treat others politely.B. She likes to make others surprised.C. Others don’t understand what she does.D. Others try to help her by offering her food.43. What does the underlined word “commitment” in the last par agraph mean?A. Good health.B. Firm belief.C. A strong power.D. A regular habit.44. What can we learn about the author from the text?A She acts in a strange way.B She wants to look different from others.C She aims to develop a good body shape.D She has difficulty getting along with others.【文章大意】为了坚守一个承诺，一个信念，作者每天清晨五点钟起床开始锻炼身体，拒绝别人邀请吃巧克力蛋糕。

2014年全国高考英语试题分类汇编：阅读之新题型2014全国高考汇编阅读新题型一（2014安徽卷）第一节任务型读写（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，根据所读内容在表格中的空白处填入恰当的单词。

注意：每个空格只填一个单词。

Many people believe that classical music is not relevant to young people today . However, this issue (问题) frequently causes heated debate.Some people say that classical music is associated only with old people .For example, if you look at the audience at a classical concert , the majority is over the age of fifty.Others say it is more popular than we first imagine . Many young people listen to classical music without realising .It is often used in films and advertisements. For example.a famous piece of classical music was used as the theme music for the 1990 World Cup . Not many people could have given its name , but millions enjoyed it .Also,some people point out that young people produce new music based on classical ideas: for example, it is said that rap(说唱)music was invented by a classical musician in 1912, but it is now used by young people in pop music.However, young people point to the fact that classical music has been outstripped(超越) by technology. To play a classical instrument, such as a violin, you need to study hard and practise for hours. Nowadays, you don't need to get aching arms from practising. A teenager can write and make music using a computer program in the comfort of their own bedroom.A final point to in mind is that the term "classical music" isused to refer to a great variety of music, from jazz to pieces for large orchestras(管弦乐队).This makes it even more difficult to say whether classical music is relevant to young people.So, it may be only a minority of young people who play classical instruments , but when it comes to enjoying classical music, it depends on the piece of music. It may be more relevant to young people in the modern world than they realise!【答案】relevant【试题解析】原词再现。

2014全国高考汇编阅读新题型一（2014安徽卷）第一节任务型读写（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，根据所读内容在表格中的空白处填入恰当的单词。

注意：每个空格只填一个单词。

Many people believe that classical music is not relevant to young people today . However, this issue (问题) frequently causes heated debate.Some people say that classical music is associated only with old people .For example, if you look at the audience at a classical concert , the majority is over the age of fifty.Others say it is more popular than we first imagine . Many young people listen to classical music without realising .It is often used in films and advertisements. For example.a famous piece of classical music was used as the theme music for the 1990 World Cup . Not many people could have given its name , but millions enjoyed it .Also,some people point out that young people produce new music based on classical ideas: for example, it is said that rap(说唱)music was invented by a classical musician in 1912, but it is now used by young people in pop music.However, young people point to the fact that classical music has been outstripped(超越) by technology. To play a classical instrument, such as a violin, you need to study hard and practise for hours. Nowadays, you don't need to get aching arms from practising. A teenager can write and make music using a computer program in the comfort of their own bedroom.A final point to in mind is that the term "classical music" is used to refer to a great variety of music, from jazz to pieces for large orchestras(管弦乐队).This makes it even more difficult to say whether classical music is relevant to young people.So, it may be only a minority of young people who play classical instruments , but when it comes to enjoying classical music, it depends on the piece of music. It may be more relevant to young people in the modern world than they realise!【答案】relevant【试题解析】原词再现。

2014 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（天津卷）第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）1.Give me a chance, ________ I’ll give you a wonderful surprise.A.ifB. orC. andD. while【考点】考察特殊句式和连词辨析【答案】C【解析】本题考察的是“祈使句+连词+陈述句”的特殊句式。

该句型相当于：If条件句，+主句；本句相当于：If you give me a chance, I’ll give you a wonderful surprise.在变成条件句时，如果是一个肯定句，就使用连词and；如果成为一个否定句，就使用or；如：Hurry up, or we will be late.相当于：If you don’t hurry up, you will be late.句义：给我一个机会，我就会给你一个惊喜。

故C正确。

【试题延伸】本题中含有特殊句式：祈使句+连词+陈述句=If引导的条件句+主句。

这个句型进一步转换成：名词短语+连词+陈述句。

如果原句中的连词是and,那么可以转换成一个肯定的条件句；如果原句中的连词是or，可以转换成一个否定的祈使句。

【举一反三】and I’ll get the work finished.A.Have one more hourB.One more hourC.Given one more hourD.If I have one more hour〖答案〗B〖考点〗本题考查“祈使句+and+简单句”的用法,〖解析〗本题考查“祈使句+and+简单句”的用法, 其中祈使句可转换成名词短语, 如One more word and I’ll beat you flat.因此B项正确。

如果选C, D两项, 要去掉and。

2.---Ok, I’ll fix your computer right now. ---Oh, take your time. __________.A.I can’t stand itB. I’m in no hurryC. That’s a great ideaD. It’s not my cup of tea【考点】考察交际用语【答案】B【解析】本句考察的是交际用语。

社会生活类(2013·新课标全国卷Ⅱ·C) (2013·大纲版全国卷·C)Given that many people’s moods(情绪)are regulated by the chemical action of chocolate,it was probably only a matter of time before somebody made the chocolate shop similar to a drugstore of Chinese medicine.Looking like a setting from the film Charlie & the Chocolate Factory,Singapore’s Chocolate Research Facility(CRF)has over 100 varieties of chocolates.Its founder is Chris Lee who grew up at his parents’corner store with one hand almost always in the jar of sweets.If the CRF seems to be a smart idea,that’s because Lee is not merely a seasoned salesperson but also head of a marketing department that has business relations with big names such as Levi’s and Sony.That idea surely results in the imagination at work when it comes to making different flavored(味道)chocolates.The CRF’s produce is“green”,made within the country and divided into 10 lines,with the Alcohol Series being the most popular.The Exotic Series—with Sichuan pepper,red bean(豆),cheese and other flavors—also does well and is fun to taste.And for chocolate snobs,who think that they have a better knowledge of chocolate than others,the Connoisseur Series uses cocoa beans from Togo,Cuba,Venezuela,and Ghana,among others.【文章大意】本文介绍了新加坡的Chocolate Research Facility,它拥有100多种巧克力,并且着重介绍了几种很有风味的巧克力。

2014-2018年高考真题英语试题分类汇编阅读理解之社会生活说理议论类（试题部分）答案及解析页码为84～1312016年高考题社会生活类[2014·新课标全国卷Ⅰ]CA typical lion tamer(驯兽师) in people's mind is an entertainer holding a whip(鞭) and a chair. The whip gets all of the attention, but it's mostly for show. In reality, it's the chair that does the important work. When a lion tamer holds a chair in front of the lion's face, the lion tries to focus on all four legs of the chair at the same time. With its focus divided, the lion becomes confused and is unsure about what to do next. When faced with so many options, the lion chooses to freeze and wait instead of attacking the man holding the chair.How often do you find yourself in the same position as the lion? How often do you have something you want to achieve (e.g. lose weight, start a business, travel more)—only to end up confused by all of the options in front of you and never make progress?This upsets me to no end because while all the experts are busy debating about which option is best, the people who want to improve their lives are left confused by all of the conflicting information. The end result is that we feel like we can't focus or that we're focused on the wrong things, and so we take less action, make less progress, and stay the same when we could be improving.It doesn't have to be that way. Anytime you find the world waving a chair in your face, remember this: all you need to do is focus on one thing. You just need to get started. Starting before you feel ready is one of the habits of successful people. If you have somewhere you want to go, something you want to accomplish, someone you want to become…take immediate action. If you're clear about where you want to go, the rest of the world will either help you get there or get out of the way.28. Why does the lion tamer use a chair?A. To trick the lion.B. To show off his skills.C. To get ready for a fight.D. To entertain the audience.29. In what sense are people similar to a lion facing a chair?A. They feel puzzled over choices.B. They hold on to the wrong things.C. They find it hard to make changes.D. They have to do something for show.30. What is the author's attitude towards the experts mentioned in Paragraph 3?A. Tolerant.B. Doubtful.C. Respectful.D. Supportive.31. When the world is “waving a chair in your face”，you're advised to ________．A. wait for a better chanceB. break your old habitsC. make a quick decisionD. ask for clear guidance[2014·新课标全国卷Ⅱ]BSince th e first Earth Day in 1970, Americans have gotten a lot “greener” towards the environment.“We didn't know at that time that there even was an environment, let alone that there was a problem with it，” says Bruce Anderson, president of Earth Day USA.But what began as nothing important in public affairs has grown into a social movement.Business people, political leaders, university professors, and especially millions of grass­roots Americans are taking part in the movement. “The understanding has increased man y, many times，” says Gaylord Nelson, the former governor from Wisconsin, who thought up the first Earth Day.According to US government reports, emissions(排放) from cars and trucks have dropped from 10.3 million tons a year to 5.5 million tons.The number of cities producing CO beyond the standard has been reduced from 40 to 9.Although serious problems still remain and need to be dealt with, the world is a safer and healthier place.A kind of “green thinking” has become part of practices.Great improvement has been achieved.In 1988 there were only 600 recycling programmes; today in 1995 there are about 6，600.Advanced lights, motors, and building designs have helped save a lot of energy and therefore prevented pollution.Twenty-five years ago, there were hardly any education programmes for environment.Today, it's hard to find a public school, university, or law school that does not have such a kind of programme.“Until we do that, nothing else will change！” says Bruce Anderson.25. According to Anderson, before 1970, Americans had little idea about ________．A. the social movementB. recycling techniquesC. environmental problemsD. the importance of Earth Day26. Where does the support for environmental protection mainly come from?A. The grass-roots level.B. The business circle.C. Government officials.D. University professors.27. What have Americans achieved in environmental protection?A. They have cut car emissions to the lowest.B. They have settled their environmental problems.C. They have lowered their CO levels in forty cities.D. They have reduced pollution through effective measures.28. What is especially important for environmental protection according to the last paragraph?A. Education.B. Planning.C. Green living.D. CO reduction.[2014·天津卷]AA guide to the universityFoodThe TWU Cafeteria is open 7 am to 8 pm. It serves snacks(小吃), drinks, ice cream bars and meals. You can pay with cash or your ID cards. You can add meal money to your ID cards at the Front Desk. Even if you do not buy your food in the cafeteria, you can use the tables to eat your lunch, to have meetings and to study.If you are on campus in the evening or late at night, you can buy snacks, fast food, and drinks in the Lower Café located in the bottom level of the Douglas Centre. This area is often used for entertainment such as concerts, games or TV watching.RelaxationThe Globe, located in the bottom level of McMillan Hall, is available for relaxing, studying, cooking, and eating. Monthly activities are held here for all international students. Hours are 10 am to 10 pm, closed on Sundays.HealthLocated on the top floor of Douglas Hall, the Wellness Centre is committed to physical, emotional and social health. A doctor and nurse is available if you have health questions or need immediate medical help or personal advice. The cost of this is included in your medical insurance. Hours are Monday to Friday, 9 am to noon and 1：00 to 4：30 pm.Academic supportAll students have access to the Writing Centre on the upper floor of Douglas Hall. Here, qualified volunteers will work with you on written work, grammar, vocabulary, and other academic skills. You can sign up for an appointment on the sign-up sheet outside the door two 30-minute appointments per week maximum. This service is free.TransportationThe TWU Express is a shuttle(班车) service. The shuttle transports students between campus and the shopping centre, leaving from the Mattson Centre. Operation hours are between 8 am and3 pm, Saturdays only. Round trip fare is $1.36. What can you do in the TWU Cafeteria?A. Do homework and watch TV.B. Buy drinks and enjoy concerts.C. Have meals and meet with friends.D. Add money to your ID and play chess.37. Where and when can you cook your own food?A. The Globe, Friday.B. The Lower Café，Sunday.C. The TWU Cafeteria, Friday.D. The McMillan Hall, Sunday.38. The Guide tells us that the Wellness Centre ________．A. is open six days a weekB. offers services free of chargeC. trains students in medical careD. gives advice on mental health39. How can you seek help from the Writing Centre?A. By applying online.B. By calling the centre.C. By filling in a sign-up form.D. By going to the centre directly.40. What is the function of TWU Express?A. To carry students to the lecture halls.B. To provide students with campus toursC. To take students to the Mattson Centre.D. To transport students to and from the stores.[2014·天津卷]C“Dad，” I say one day，“let's take a trip. Why don't you fly out and meet me？” My father had just retired after 27 years as a manager for IBM. His job filled his day, his thoughts, his life. While he woke up and took a warm shower, I screamed under a freezing waterfall in Peru. While he tied a tie and put on the same Swiss watch, I rowed a boat across Lake of the Ozarks.My father sees me drifting aimlessly, nothing to show for my 33 years but a passport full of funny stamps. He wants me to settle down, but now I want him to find an adventure.He agrees to travel with me through the national parks. We meet four weeks later in Rapid City.“What's our first stop？” asks my father.“What time is it？”“Still don't have a watch？”Less than an hour away is Mount Rushmore. As he stares up at the four Presidents carved in granite(花岗岩), his mouth and eyes open slowly, like those of a little boy.“Unbelievable，” he says. “How was this done？”A film in the information centre shows sculptor Gutzon Borglum devoted 14 years to the sculpture and then left the final touches to his son.We stare up and I ask myself, “W ould I ever devote my life to anything？”No directions，no goals. I always used to hear those words in my father's voice. Now I hear them in my own.The next day we're at Yellowstone National Park, where we have a picnic.“Did you ever travel with your dad？” I ask.“Only once，” he says. “I never spoke much with my father. We loved each other—but never said it. Whatever he could give me, he gave.”That_last_sentence—it's_probably_the_same_thing_I'd_say_about_my_father._And_what_I' d_want_my_child_to_say_about_me.In Glacier National Park, my father says, “I've never seen water so blue.” I have, in several places of the world, I can keep travelling, I realize—and maybe a regular job won't be as dull as I feared.Weeks after our trip, I call my father.“The phot os from the trip are wonderful，” he says.“We've got to take another trip like that sometime.”I tell him I've decided to settle down, and I'm wearing a watch.46. We can learn from Paragraphs 2 and 3 that the father ________.A. followed the fashionB. got bored with his jobC. was unhappy with the author's lifestyleD. liked the author's collection of stamps47. What does the author realize at Mount Rushmore?A. His father is interested in sculpture.B. His father is as innocent as a little boy.C. He should learn sculpture in the future.D. He should pursue a specific aim in life.48. From the underlined paragraph, we can see that the author ________．A. wants his children to learn from their grandfatherB. comes to understand what parental love meansC. learns how to communicate with his fatherD. hopes to give whatever he can to his father49. What could be inferred about the author and his father from the end of the story?A. The call solves their disagreements.B. The Swiss watch has drawn them closer.C. They decide to learn photography together.D. They begin to change their attitudes to life.50. What could be the best title for the passage?A. Love nature, love lifeB. A son lost in adventureC. A journey with dadD. The art of travel[2014·天津卷]DPeople aren't walking any more—if they can figure out a way to avoid it.I felt superior about this matter until the other day I took my car to mail a small parcel. The journey is a matter of 281 steps. But I used the car. And I wasn't in any hurry, either. I had merely become one more victim of a national sickness: motorosis.It is an illness to which I had thought myself immune(免疫的), for I was bred in the tradition of going to places on my own two legs. At that time, we regarded 25 miles as good day's walk and the ability to cover such a distance in ten hours as a sign of strength and skill. It did not occur to us that walking was a hardship. And the effect was lasting. When I was 45 years old I raced—and beat—a teenage football player the 168 steps up the Stature of Liberty.Such enterprises today are regarded by many middle-aged persons as bad for the heart. But a well-known British physician, Sir Adolphe Abrhams, pointed out recently that hearts and bodies need proper exercise. A person who avoids exercise is more likely to have illnesses than one who exercises regularly. And walking is an ideal form of exercise—the most familiar and natural of all.It was Henry Thoreau who showed mankind the richness of going on foot. The man walking can learn the trees, flowers, insects, birds and animals, the significance of seasons, the very feel of himself as a living creature in a living world. He cannot learn in a car.The car is a convenient means of transport, but we have made it our way of life. Many people don't dare to approach Nature any more; to them the world they were born to enjoy is all threat. To them security is a_steel_river thundering on a concrete road. And much of their thinking takes place while waiting for the traffic light to turn green.I say that the green of forests is the mind's best light. And none but the man on foot can evaluate what is basic and everlasting.51. What is the national sickness?A. Walking too much.B. Travelling too much.C. Driving cars too much.D. Climbing stairs too much.52. What was life like when the author was young?A. People usually went around on foot.B. People often walked 25 miles a day.C. People used to climb the Statue of Liberty.D. People considered a ten-hour walk as a hardship.53. The author mentions Henry Thoreau to prove that________.A. middle-aged people like getting back to natureB. walking in nature helps enrich one's mindC. people need regular exercise to keep fitD. going on foot prevents heart disease54. What is compared to “a steel river” in Paragraph 6?A. A queue of cars.B. A ray of traffic light.C. A flash of lightning.D. A stream of people.55. What is the author's intention of writing this passage?A. To tell people to reflect more on life.B. To recommend people to give up driving.C. To advise people to do outdoor activities.D. To encourage people to return to walking.[2014·安徽卷]CYou are the collector in the gallery of your life. You collect. You might not mean to but you do. One out of three people collects tangible(有形的) things such as cats, photos and many toys.These are among some 40 collections that are being shown at “The Museum Of”—the first of several new museums which, over the next two years, will exhibit the objects accumulated by unknown collectors. In doing so, they will promote a popular culture of museums, not what museums normally represent.Some of the collections are fairly common—records, model houses. Others are strangely beautiful—branches that have fallen from trees, for example. But they all reveal(显露) a lot of things: ask someone what they collect and their answers will tell you who they are.Others on the way include“The Museum of Collectors”and “The Museum of Me”. These new ones, it is hoped, will build on the success of “The Museum Of”. The thinkers behind the project want to explore why people collect, and what it means to do so. They hope that visitors who may not have considered themselves collectors will begin to see they, too, collect.Some collectors say they started or stopped making collections at important points: the beginning or end of adolescence—“it's a growing­up things; you stop when you grow up，” says one. Other painful times are mentioned, such as the end of a relationship. For time and life can seem so uncontrollable that a steady serial(顺序排列的) arrangement is comforting.64．How will the new museums promote a popular culture of museums?A．By collecting more tangible things.B．By showing what ordinary people have collected.C．By correcting what museums normally represent.D．By accumulating 40 collections two years from now.65．What can be learned about collectors from their collections?A．Who they are.B．How old they are.C．Where they were born.D．Why they might not mean to collect.66．Which of the following is an aim of the new museums?A．To help people sell their collections.B．To encourage more people to collect.C．To study the significance of collecting.D．To find out why people visit museums.67．According to the last paragraph, people may stop collecting when they ________．A．become adultsB．feel happy with lifeC．are ready for a relationshipD．feel time to be uncontrollable[2014·安徽卷]EYou may not have heard of Ashoka, but for the past 27 years, this association，founded by Bill Drayton, has fought poverty(贫困) and sickness, promoted education and encouraged small businesses. To support these worthy causes, Ashoka provides money for the world's most promising“changemakers” seeking to solve(解决) urgent problems and would like to create a world in which every citizen is a changemaker.Drayton believes that anyone can become an agent for change. The important thing is to simply give yourself permission. If you see a problem that you care about, you can help solve it. The young in particular are willing to accept this concept because at heart every child wants to grow into a happy, healthy contributing adult. In fact, it is many young people's ambition to set up programmes or businesses that improve social conditions. An excellent example is an Ashoka project started in 1995 in Dhaka，which handled the rubbish problem facing the city, helped local farmers and provided an income for poor people there.When Masqsood and Iftekhar began to study the problem of all the uncollected rubbish that lay in Dhaka's streets, attracting rats and disease, they discovered that 80% of it was natural waste. So they educated the poor people in the city to compost(把……制成堆肥) this waste. They knew that they would have a market for the end product because local farmers were struggling with chemical fertilizers(化肥) which were expensive and had reduced the natural minerals in the soil over the years. At first, they were refused, but once they were able to persuade them that there was money to be made, the project took off. In 2009 sales were $14，000.Drayton is optimistic that in ten years Ashoka will be making really serious, practicalprogress in bringing about social change by changing the way we look at economic development.72．Which of the following could be the best title for the passage?A．Changemakers B．BusinessmenC．Social conditions D．Rubbish problems73．The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 3 probably refers to “________”．A．the local farmersB．Masqsood and IftekharC．Drayton and his teamD．the poor people in Dhaka74．It can be concluded from the passage that anyone can become a changemaker if he________．A．considers Drayton's conceptB．gets permission from AshokaC．tries to improve social conditionsD．is a young, happy and healthy adult75．The author's attitude towards Ashoka's programme can be described as “________”．A．changing B．forgivingC．cautious D．positive[2014·福建卷]EAs has been all too apparent in recent days at Balcombe, few issues cause greater concern than energy policy. Many village communities feel their countryside is being ruined by the power­producing machines of wind farms; yet they never take “direct action”，even though the planning laws put them at a severe disadvantage. And the generous subsidies(财政补贴), which encourage the expansion of wind power, are not favourable to the village communities and set landowners in conflict with other residents(居民)．Those who disagree with the rapid expansion of wind farms state that the damage they cause is out of proportion(比例) to the benefits they bring, because their energy output cannot match that of the carbon-based power stations they are supposed to replace. Supporters insist that wind must be part of a mix of renewables, nuclear and carbon, and that the country is committed to meeting EU (European Union) targets for non-carbon energy generation.Against this background, the fact that there is an argument within the government over whether to publish an official report on wind farms' impact on the countryside becomes even more extraordinary. The two parties in the coalition(联合) government are in disagreement over what it should say.We have some advice for the two parties: publish the report, and let the country be the judge. Even if it contains evidence that wind farms are harmful, it will hardly be a pleasant surprise to people who do not like them. Equally, supporters must argue their case by acknowledging the concerns and explaining why they are either misplaced or worthy of much attention.The suggestion that further negotiations are to take place to produce an “acceptable” report suggests that the politics of coalition government are doing the country harm in a certain way. Given the sensitivities involved, all the information should be available so that people can reach their own conclusions, rather than being left with the suspicion(猜疑) that facts are being replaced by political beliefs.72．We can learn from the first paragraph that________．A．energy policy catches much attention of the publicB．the residents are in favour of the expansion of wind farmsC．many village communities are satisfied with the subsidiesD．the planning laws offer great benefits to the residents73．Supporters think that the expansion of wind power ________．A．is more rapid than that of carbon-based powerB．guarantees an increase in energy outputC．is expected to be much better than that of nuclear powerD．agrees with EU targets for non-carbon energy generation74．It can be inferred from the passage that________．A．an official report will settle the energy problemB．the two parties are divided over the issue of wind farmsC．the two parties have agreed on a further negotiationD．political beliefs concerning energy issue go against facts75．Which of the following reflects the author's opinion?A．Increase political impact on energy policy.B．Release a statement of supporters on wind farms.C．Let the nation judge the facts about wind power.D．Leave the two parties to reach their own conclusions.[2014·湖南卷]CThe behaviour of a building's users may be at least as important as its design when it comes to energy use, according to new research from the UK Energy Research Centre (UKERC). The UK promises to reduce its carbon emissions(排放) by 80 per cent by 2050, part of which will be achieved by all new homes being zero-carbon by 2016. But this report shows that sustainable building design on its own—though extremely important—is not enough to achieve such reductions: the behaviour of the people using the building has to change too.The study suggests that the ways that people use and live in their homes have been largely ignored by existing efforts to improve energy efficiency(效率)，which instead focus on architectural and technological developments.“Technology is going to assist but it is not going to do everything，” explains Katy Janda, a UKERC senior researcher，“consumption patterns of building users can defeat the most careful design.”In other words，old habits die hard, even in the best-designed eco-home.Another part of the problem is information. Households and bill-payers don't have the knowledge they need to change their energy-use habits. Without specific information，it's hard to estimate the costs and benefits of making different choices. Feedback(反馈) facilities, like smart meters and energy monitors，could help bridge this information gap by helping people see how changing their behaviour directly affects their energy use; some studies have shown that households can achieve up to 15 per cent energy savings using smart meters.Social science research has added a further dimension(方面)，suggesting that individuals' behaviour in the home can be personal and cannot be predicted—whether people throw open their windows rather than turn down the thermostat(恒温器), for example.Janda argues that education is the key. She calls for a focused programme to teach people about buildings and their own behaviour in them.66. As to energy use, the new research from UKERC stresses the importance of ________．A. zero-carbon homesB. the behaviour of building usersC. sustainable building designD. the reduction of carbon emissions67. The underlined word “which” in Paragraph 2 refers to“________”．A. the waysB. their homesC. developmentsD. existing efforts68. What are Katy Janda's words mainly about?A. The importance of changing building users' habits.B. The necessity of making a careful building design.C. The variety of consumption patterns of building users.D. The role of technology in improving energy efficiency.69. The information gap in energy use ________．A. can be bridged by feedback facilitiesB. affects the study on energy monitorsC. brings about problems for smart metersD. will be caused by building users' old habits70. What does the dimension added by social science research suggest?A. The social science research is to be furthered.B. The education programme is under discussion.C. The behaviour of building users is unpredictable.D. The behaviour preference of building users is similar.[2014·江西卷]CClose your eyes for a minute and imagine what life would be like if you had a hundreddollars less. Also imagine what it would be like spending the rest of your life with your eyes closed. Imagine having to read this page, not with your eyes but with your fingertips.With existing medical knowledge and skills, two thirds of the world's 42 million blind should not have to suffer. Unfortunately, rich countries possess most of this knowledge, while developing countries do not.ORBIS is an international non-profit organization which operates the world's only flying teaching eye hospital. ORBIS intends to help fight blindness worldwide. Inside a DC-8 aircraft, there is a fully-equipped teaching hospital with television studio and classroom. Doctors are taught the latest techniques of bringing sight back to people there. Project ORBIS also aims at promoting peaceful cooperation(合作) among countries.ORBIS tries to help developing countries by providing training during three-week medical programmes. ORBIS has taught sight-saving techniques to over 35，000 doctors and nurses, who continue to cure tens of thousands of blind people every year. ORBIS has conducted 17 plane programmes in China so far. For the seven to ten million blind in China, ORBIS is planning to do more for them. At the moment an ORBIS team is working on a long-term plan to develop a training centre and to provide eye care services to Shanxi Province.ORBIS needs your help to continue their work and free people from blindness.For just US$38, you can help one person see; for $380 you can bring sight to 10 people; $1，300 helps teach a doctor new skills; and for $13，000 you can provide a training programme for a group of doctors who can make thousands of blind people see again.Your money can open their eyes to the world.Please help ORBIS improve the quality of life for so many people less fortunate than ourselves.65. The first paragraph is intended to ________．A. introduce a new way of readingB. advise the public to lead a simple lifeC. direct the public's attention to the blindD. encourage the public to use imagination66. What do we learn about existing medical knowledge and skills in the world?A. They are adequate.B. They have not been updated.C. They are not equally distributed.D. They have benefited most of the blind.67. ORBIS aims to help the blind by ________．A. teaching medical studentsB. training doctors and nursesC. running flying hospitals globallyD. setting up non-profit organizations68. What does the author try to do in the last paragraph?A. Appeal for donations.。

Since the first Earth Day in 1970,American have gotten a lot “greener” toward the environment . “We didn’t know at that time there even was an environment ,let alone that there was a problem with it,” says Bruce Anderson, president of Earth Day USA.But what began as nothing important in public affairs has grown into a social movement .Business people, political leaders, university professors, and especially millions of grass-roots Americans are taking part in the movement. “The understanding has increased many ,many times,”says Gaylord Nelson, the former governor from Wisconsin, who thought up the first According to US government reports , emissions (排放)from cars and trucks have dropped from 10.3 million tons a year to 5.5 tons .The number of cities producing CO beyond the standard has been reduced from 40 to 9 .Although serious problems still remain and need to be dealt with , the world is a safer and healthier place .A kind of “Green thinking ” has become part of practices .Great improvement has been achieved .In 1988 there were only 600 recycling programs ,; today in 1995 there are about 6,600 .Advanced lights ,motors , and building designs have helped save a lot of energy and therefore prevented pollution .Twenty –five years ago , there were hardly any education programs for environment .Today , it’s hard to find a public school , university , or law school that does not have such a kind of program .” Until we do that , nothing else will change! ” say Bruce Anderson .【小题1】According to Anderson , before 1970, Americans had little idea about ___A the social movementB recycling techniquesC environmental problemsD the importance of Earth Day【小题2】Where does the support for environmental protection mainly come from?A The grass –roots levelB The business circleC Government officialsD University professors【小题3】What have Americans achieved in environmental protection ?A They have cut car emissions to the lowestB They have settled their environmental problemsC They have lowered their CO levels in forty cities.D They have reduced pollution through effective measures .【小题4】.What is especially important for environmental protection according to the last paragraph ?A EducationB PlanningC Green livingD CO reduction【2014·湖北卷】DYou’ve flown halfway around the world; you’ve sniffed out this place that nobody in Falongland or Thailand seems to have ever heard of; so what on earth is there to do here? You consider this question as you sink into an old wooden beach chair that holds you above the sand.It was a long journey from Bangkok to Huaplee. By the time you found the bus station and got yourself sorted out, it took almost as long as the flight from Falongland.Huaplee is located just south of Hua Hin, about two hundred kilometres from Bangkok, down the west side of the Gulf of Thailand. Not many tourists find this place，and the ones that do wonder if finding it has been their purpose all along.There’s an apparent laziness that surrounds you here. It’s what this place offers, and it，s free of charge. The small waves that tap the shoreline seem to slow everything down. You settle into your beach chair in preparation for a long rest. You sit there and watch the sea.It’s early afternoon, so the cook comes out and asks what you’d like to eat this evening. Before long he’s rushed off to the market to buy the ingredients for whatever it was that you ordered---every meal fresh and to order. No menu here.There is no poolside noise here but just that wonderfully warm, clear blue sea. There9 s no street noise. The only sounds are the murmurs of nature.For now you just count your blessings (福祉)，listing them in the sand with your toe (脚趾)• You don’t have to worry about being late for work. You don’t have to do anything.The beach to your right stretches off to the horizon (地平线)，slowly narrowing to nothingness only to re-emerge again on your left, now steadily widening until it covers the chair beneath you. Sand to your left and sand to your right; it’s unbroken, endless. No start, no end, just sand, sun,and peace. Step off it, and you re-enter the world of traffic, stress, work，and hurry.Normally you，re the type who can，t sit still for more than ten minutes, but you’re on Huaplee Lazy Beach now and, in the right frame of mind, it stretches all the way around theworld.“How could it take me so long to find it?” you wonder.【小题1】When the author first went to Huaplee Beach,____A.he found it unworthwhileB.he failed to sort himself outC.he became sensitive to smellD.he had difficulty in finding it【小题2】What is special about the food service at Huaplee Beach?A.No menu.B.Free food.C.Self service.D.Quick delivery.【2014·全国新课标I】 BPassenger pigeons（旅鸽）once flew over much of the United States in unbelievable numbers. Written accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries described flocks（群）so large that they darkened the sky for hours.It was calculated that when its population reach its highest point, there were more than 3 billion passenger pigeons – a number equal to 24 to 40 percent of the total bird population in the United States, making it perhaps the most abundant birds in the world. Even as late as 1870 when their numbers had already become smaller, a flock believed to be 1 mile wide and 320 miles (about 515 kilometers) long was seen near Cincinnati.Sadly, the abundance of passenger pigeons may have been their undoing. Where the birds were abundant, people believed there was an ever-lasting supply and killed them by the thousands. Commercial hunters attracted them to small clearings with grain, waited until pigeons had settled to feed, then threw large nets over them, taking hundreds at a time. The birds were shipped to large cities and sold in restaurants.By the closing decades of the 19th century, the hardwood forests where passenger pigeons nested had been damag ed by Americans’ need for wood, which scattered（驱散）the flocks and forced the birds to go farther north, where cold temperatures and spring storms contributed to their decline. Soon the great flocks were gone, never to be seen again.In 1897, the state of Michigan passed a law prohibiting the killing of passenger pigeons, but by then, no sizable flocks had been seen in the state for 10 years. The last confirmed wild pigeon in the United States was shot by a boy in Pike County, Ohio, in 1900. For a time, a few birds survived under human care. The last of them, known affectionately as Martha, died at the Cincinnati Zoological Garden in September 1, 1914.Would it surprise you to learn that, like animals, trees communicate with each other and pass on their wealth to the next generation?UBC Professor Simard explains how trees are much more complex than most of us ever imagined. Although Charles Darwin thought that trees are competing for survival of the fittest, Simard shows just how wrong he was. In fact, the opposite is true: trees survive through their co-operation and support, passing around necessary nutrition "depending on who needs it".Nitrogen (氮) and carbon are shared through miles of underground fungi (真菌)networks, making sure that all trees in the forest ecological system give and receive just the right amount to keep them all healthy. This hidden system works in a very similar way to the networks of neurons (神经元) in our brains, and when one tree is destroyed, it affects all.Simard talks about "mother trees", usually the largest and oldest plants on which all other trees depend. She explains how dying trees pass on the wealth to the next generation, transporting important minerals to young trees so they may continue to grow. When humans cut down "mother trees" with no awareness of these highly complex "tree societies" or the networks on which they feed, we are reducing the chances of survival for the entire forest."We didn't take any notice of it" Simard says sadly. "Dying trees move nutrition into the young trees before dying, but we never give them chance." If we could put across the message to the forestry industry, we could make a huge difference towards our environmental protection efforts for the future.【小题1】The underlined sentence "the opposite is true" in Paragraph 2 probably means that trees .A. compete for survivalB. protect their own wealthC. depend on each otherD. provide support for dying trees【小题2】"Mother trees" are extremely important because they .A. look the largest in size in the forestB. pass on nutrition to young treesC. seem more likely to be cut down by humansD. know more about the complex "tree societies"【小题3】The underlined word "it" in the last paragraph refers to .A. how "tree societies" workB. how trees grow oldC. how forestry industry developsD. how young trees survive【小题4】What would be the best title for the passage?A. Old Trees Communicate Like HumansB. Young Trees Are In Need Of ProtectionC. Trees Are More Awesome Than You ThinkD. Trees Contribute To Our Society【2014·辽宁卷】B(Q = Question; A = Answer)Situation IQ: If someone sits right next to me in an empty movie theater, is it rude to move?A: Maybe, but nobody will fault you for it. Chances are that close sitter doesn't realize he disturbs you, so he may miss your annoyance. You undoubtedly aren't the first person he's met who needs enough room. Forgive his bad judgment, move quietly and enjoy the show.Situation IIQ: If I use the bathroom at a store, do I need to buy something?A: Consider frequency and urgency. Is this a one-time or an emergency? If so, you don't have to buy anything, but it would be kind if you did. However, if you regularly use the bathroom at this place, then you are a customer, and you should act like one.Situation IIIQ: If someone is talking loudly on the bus, is there a nice way to ask him to keep it down?A: No. Try other means.1) Stare at him until he gets aware of it and quiets down. 2) Lift your finger in a silence motion(动作)and smile. 3) Put on earphones and ignore him.Situation IVQ: If I remember my friend's birthday a day late, should I apologize or just wish her a happy birthday like nothing happened?A: This is the reason why the word belated was invented. "Happy belated birthday!" is short for: "Well, I know I forgot, but then I remembered. Forgive me and happy birthday."Situation VQ: Can I lie about seeing a text because I was too busy or lazy to respond(回复) to it?A: Don't lie. Receiving a text does not mean you need to respond to it. Why waste a perfectly good lie when the truth will serve? "Yes," you can say if ever asked, "I saw it." No explanation is needed as to why you don'trespond.【小题1】You will get annoyed in a theater when .A. a person is too activeB. a person is too rude to youC. a person talks too loudlyD. a person sits too close to you【小题2】How will you quiet someone down in a public place?A. By making fun of him continuously.B. By looking purposefully at him.C. By talking to him directly.D. By pointing angrily at him.【2014·福建卷】BWalt Disney is credited for creating such wonderful things as Donald Duck and Mickey Mouse. However, he cannot take the credit for creating other well-loved characters, such as Cinderella and Snow White. They are almost automatically associated with Disney because Disney turned old fables(寓言) into cartoon movies.The original Cinderella varies very much from the Disney version we know today. It started off with the girl mourning her mother’s death and going to her tomb three times a day. In addition, there were only birds that helped Cinderella; there was no such thing as a fairy godmother or helpful mice, nor was there mention of a horse and carriage.The stepsisters were cruel: they always threw Cinderella’s f ood into the ashes of the fire and made her sleep on the ashes on the floor, hence（因此）her name.In the original story, the king’s ball actually lasted for three days. With the help of the birds, the girl, beautifullydressed, danced with the prince on all three nights and the prince fell in love with her. However, she broke away from him to rush back home each night. On the last night, the prince placed soothing sticky on the stairs; as Cinderella made her escape, a shoe got stuck on it.Here now is where the story becomes unpleasant: when the prince went to the house looking for the girl whose foot fit the shoe, the wicked(邪恶的) stepmother told one of her two daughters to cut off her big toe to fit into the shoe. The daughter did as told. So the prince took her away to be his bride. But when they passed the tomb of Cinderella’s mother, the birds called out to the prince,“Turn and peep, there’s blood in the shoe;the shoe is too small, the true bride waits for you.” ZXXKRealizing he had been tricked, the prince returned the daughter to her mother. The other then had to cut off part of her heel in order to fit into the shoe, with the same result. Only Cinderella’s foot fit perfectly and so the prince chose to marry her. The story ends with the wedding day: as Cinderella’s two stepsisters followed her, pretending to be devoted to her so that they could enjoy the king’s riches, two birds flew by and plucked(啄) out their eyes. Because of their wickedness and falsehood, they had to spend the rest of their days blind.The original Cinderella is so different from the Disney version. Thank goodness Disney made such changes; it indeed was a wise move.60. What dose the underlined word “They” in the first paragraph refer to?A. Such wonderful things.B. Other well-loved characters.C. Old fables.D. Cartoon movies.61. How did Cinderella get her name?A. The Birds came up with it.B. It was given by Disney.C. It came from the word “ash”.D. She got it from her mother.62. Which of the following is TRUE according to the original story?A. Helpful mice got Cinderella a beautiful dress.B. The ball was held to celebrate the prince’s wedding.C. Cinderella left her shoe on the stairs on purpose.D. The birds told the prince that he had been cheated.63. The moral of the original story is that ____________.A. a wicked person cannot escape punishment.B. a devoted person certainly deserves respect.C. a well-behaved child earns a great reward.D. a dishonest child cannot get mother love.64. What does the author think of the Disney version?A. Excellent.B. OrdinaryC. Dull.D. Ridiculous.【2014·辽宁卷】DTravis is the manager of G&G where he is responsible for forty employees (雇员)and profits (利润) of over $2 million per year. He's never late to work. He does not get upset on the job. When one of his employees started crying after a customer screamed at her, Travis took her away. "Your working uniform is your shelter," he told her. "Nothing anyone says will ever hurt you. You will always be as strong as you want to be."Travis picked up that lecture in one of his G&G training courses, an education program that began on his first day and continues throughout an employee's occupation. The training has, Travis says, changed his life. G&G has taught him how to live, how to focus, how to get to work on time, and how to master his emotions (情绪). Most importantly, it taught him willpower.At the center of that education is an extreme focus on an all-important habit; willpower. Dozens of cases show that willpower is the single most important habit for a person's success.And the best way to strengthen willpower is to make it into a habit. "Sometimes it looks like people with great self-control aren't working hard—but that's because they've made it automatic," Angela Duckworth, one of the University of Pennsylvaniaresearchers said. "Their willpower occurs without them having to think about it."The company spent millions of dollars developing programs of study to trainemployees on self-control. Managers wrote workbooks that serve as guides to how to make willpower a habit in workers' lives. Those courses arc, in part, why G&G has grown from a sleepy company into a large one with more than seventeen thousand stores and profits of more than $10 billion a year.【小题1】We loam from Paragraph 2 that employees in G&G must .A. learn to give lecturesB. attend education programsC. design a working uniformD. develop a common hobby【小题2】Willpower will become a habit when employees can .A. focus on the profitsB. benefit from the jobC. protect themselves wellD. control their feeling well【小题3】What can we infer from the passage?A. G&G has grown into a large company.B. G&G will spend half its profits training employees.C. G&G may become more successful in the future.D. G&G has to produce more workbooks for managers.【2014·四川卷】DWilli around 100 students scheduled to be in that 9 am Monday morning lecture, it is no surprise that almost 20 people actually make it to the class and only 10 of them arc still awake after the first IS minutes; it is not even a surprise that most of them are still in their pyjamas (睡衣). Obviously, students are terrible at adjusting their sleep cycles to their daily schedule.All human beings possess a body clock. Along with other alerting (警报) systems, this governs the sleep/wake cycle and is therefore one of the main processes which govern sleep behaviour. Typically, the preferred sleep/wake cycle is delayed in adolescents, which leads to many students not feeling sleepy until much later in the evenings. This typical sleep pattern is usually referred to as the "night owl" schedule of sleep.This is opposed to the "early bird" schedule, and is a kind of disorder where the individual tends to stay up much past midnight. Such a person has great difficulty in waking up in the mornings. Research suggests that night owls feel most alert and function best in the evenings and at night. Research findings have shown that about 20 percent of people can be classified as "night owls" and only 10 percent can be classified as "early birds" - the other 70 percent are in the middle. Although this is clearly not true for all students, for the ones who are true night owls this gives them an excellent excuse for missing their lectures which unfortunately fall before midday.【小题1】. What docs the author stress in Paragraph I?A. Many students are absent from class.B. Students are very tired on Monday mornings.C. Students do not adjust their sleep patterns well.D. Students are not well prepared for class on Mondays.【小题2】Which of the following is true according to Paragraph 2?A. Most students prefer to get up late in the morning.B. Students don't sleep well because of alerting systems.C. One's body clock governs the sleep/wake cycle independently.D. Adolescents' delayed sleep/wake cycle isn't the preferred pattern.【小题3】. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word "classified"?A. Criticised.B. Grouped.C. Organised.D. Named.【小题4】What docs the text mainly talk about?A. Functions of the body clock.B. The "night owl" phenomenon.C. Human beings' sleep behaviour.D. The school schedule of "early birds".【2014·江西卷】CClose your eyes for a minute and imagine what life would be like if you had a hundred dollars less. Also imagine what it would be like spending the rest of your life with you eyes closed. Imagine having to read this page, not with your eyes but with your finger-tips.With existing medical knowledge and skills, two-thirds of the world’s 42 million blind should not have to suffer. Unfortunately, rich countries posses most of this knowledge, while developing countries do not.ORBIS is an international non-profit organization which operates the world’s only flying teaching eye hospital. ORBIS intends to help fight blindness worldwide. Inside a DC-8 aircraft, there is a fully-equipped teaching hospital with television studio and classroom. Doctors are taught the latest techniques of bringing sight back to people there. Project ORBIS also aims at promoting peaceful cooperation(合作) among countries.ORBIS tries to help developing countries by providing training during three-week medical programs. ORBIS has taught sight-saving techniques to over 35,000 doctors and nurses, who continue to cure tens of thousands of blind people every year. ORBIS has conducted 17 plane programs is China so far. For the seven to ten million blind in China ORBIS is planning to do more for them. At the moment an ORBIS is working on a long-term plan to develop a training center and to provide eye care service to Shanxi Province. ORBIS needs your help to continue their work and free people from blindness.For just US$38,you can help one person see; for $380 you can bring sight to 10 people; $1,300 helps teach a doctor new skills; and for $13,000 you can provide a training programme for a group of doctors who can make thousands of blind people see again. Your money can open their eyes to the world. Please help ORBIS improve the quality of life for so many people less fortunate than ourselves.65.The first paragraph is intended to ______.A.introduce a new way of readingB.advise the public to lead a simple lifeC.direct the public’s attention to the blindD.Encourage the public to use imagination66.What do we learn about existing medical knowledge and skills in the world?A.They are adequateB.They have not been updated.C.They are not equally distributedD.They have benefited most of the blind67.ORRIS aims to help the blind by ______.A.teaching medical studentsB.training doctors and nursesC.running flying hospitals globallyD. setting up non-profit organization【2014·天津卷】DPeople aren’t walking any more---if they can figure out a way to avoid it.I felt superior about this matter until the other day I took my car to mail a small parcel. The journey is a matter of 281 steps. But I used the car. And I wasn’t in ay hurry, either, I had merely become one more victim of a national sickness: motorosis.It is an illness to which I had thought myself immune(), for I was bred in the tradition of going to places on my own two legs. At that time, we regarded 25 miles as good day’s walk and the ability to cover such a distance in ten hours as sign of strength and skill. It did not occur to us that walking was a hardship. And the effect was lasting. When I was 45 years old I raced –and beat—a teenage football player the 168 steps up the Stature of Liberty.Such enterprises today are regarded by many middle-aged persons as bad for the heart. But a well-known British physician, Sir Adolphe Abrhams, pointed out recently that hearts and bodies need proper…… is more likely to have illnesses than one who exercises regularly. And wlaking is an ideal form of exercise--- the most familiar and natural of all.It was Henry Thoreau who showed mankind the richness of going on foot. The man walking can learn the trees, flower, insects, birds and animals, the significance of seasons, the very feel of himself as a living creature in a living world, He cannot learn in a car.The car is a convenient means of transport, but we have made it our way of life. Many people don’t dare to approach Nature any more; to them the world they were born to enjoy is all threat. To them security is a steel river thundering on a concrete road. And much of their thinking takes place while waiting for the traffic light to turn green.I say that the green of forests is the mind’s best light. And none but the man on foot can evaluate what is basic and everlasting.【小题1】What is the national sickness?A. Walking too muchB. Traveling too muchC. Driving cars too muchD. Climbing stairs too much.【小题4】What is compared to “a steel river” in Paragraph6?A. A queue of carsB. A ray of traffic lightC. A flash of lightningD. A stream of people【小题5】What is the author’s intention of writing this passage?A. To tell people to reflect more non life.B. To recommend people to give up drivingC. To advise people to do outdoor activitiesD. To encourage people to return to walking【2014·安徽卷】EYou may not have heard of Ashoka, but for the past 27 years,this association, founded by Bill Drayton, has fought poverty (贫穷)and sickness, promoted education and encouraged small businesses. To support these worthy causes, Ashoka provides money for the world's most promising "changemakers" seeking to solve (解决) urgent problems and would like to create a world in which every citizen is a changemaker.Drayton believes that anyone can become an agent for change. The important thing is to simply give yourself permission. If you see a problem that you care about, you can help solve it. The young in particular are willing to accept this concept because at heart every child wants to grow into a happy, healthy, contributing adult. In fact It is many young people's ambition to set up programmes or businesses that improve social conditions. An excellent example is an Ashoka project started in 1995 in Dhaka, which handled the rubbish problem facing the city ,helped local farmers and provided an income for poor people there .When Masqsood and Iftekhar began to study the problem of all the uncollected rubbish that lay in Dhaka’s streets,Attracting tats and disease , they discovered that 80% of it was natural waste . So they educated the poor people in the city to compost (把……制成堆粪)this waste . They knew that they would have a market for the end product because local farmers were struggling with chemical ferntilisers (化肥) which were expensive and had reduced the natural minerals in the soil over the years . At first , they were refused ,but once they were able to persuade them that there was money to be made , the project took off. In 2009 sales were $14,000.Drayton is optimistic that in ten years Ashoka will be making really serious ,practical progress in bringing about social change by changing the way we look at economic development.【小题1】Which of the following could be the best title for the passage?A. changemakersB. BusinessmenC. Social ConditionsD.Rubbish Problem【小题2】The underlined word "them" in Paragraph 3 probably refers to" "A. the local farmersB. Masqsood and IftekharC. Drayton and his teamD. the poor people in Dhaka【小题3】It can be concluded from the passage that anyone can become a changemaker if he .A. considers Drayton's conceptB. gets permission from AshokaC. tries to improve social conditionsD. is a young, happy and healthy adult【小题4】The authors attitude towards Ashoka's program can be described asA. changingB. forgivingC. cautiousD. Positive【2014·重庆卷】EIt’s generally believed that people act the way they do because of their personalities and attitudes. They recycle their garbage because they care about the environment. They pay $5 for a caramel brulee latte because they like expensive coffee drinks.It’s undeniable that behavior comes from our inner dispositions（性情）, but in many instances we also draw inferences about who we are, as suggested by the social psychologist Daryl Bern, by observing our own behavior. We can be strangers to ourselves. If we knew our own minds, why should we need to guess what our preferences are from our behavior? If our minds were an open book, we would know exactly how much we care about the environment or like lattes. Actually, we often need to look to our behavior to figure out who we are.Moreover, we don’t just use our behavior to learn about our particular types of character --- we infer characters that weren’t there before. Our behavior is often shaped by little pressures around us, which we fail to recognize. Maybe we recycle because our wives and neighbors would disapprove if we didn’t. Maybe we buy lattes in order to impress the people around us. We should not mistakenly believe that we always behave as a result of some inner disposition.Whatever pressures there can be or inferences one can make, people become what they do, though it may not be in compliance（符合）with their true desires. Therefore, we should all bear in mind Kurt Vonnegut’s advice: “We are what we pretend to be, so we must be careful about what we pretend to be.”【小题1】. According to the passage, personalities and attitudes are commonly believed to _______.A. determine one’s behaviorB. reflect one’s tasteC. influence one’s surroundingsD. result from one’s habits。

2014年全国高考英语作文真题汇总与范文集锦（1）2014-01-北京卷（道歉信）+（连环画）【推迟旅行，道歉说明式】1. ）你给英国朋友Chris写一封信，内容包括：1.你们原计划7月份一同去云南旅游；2.由于脚部受伤，你无法按原计划前往；3.表达你的歉意并建议将旅行推迟到8月份。

注意：1.词数不少于50. 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Chris,How is everything going?I remember we planned to visit Yunnan in July but now because my left foot was injured, I cannot go with you as planned.I’m sorry about it. Can I suggest that we put it off until early august? I wish you could understand.I’m looking forward to hearing from you soon.Yours,Joe2.）假设你是红星中学高三（1）班的学生李华，请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，用校刊“英语园地”写一篇短文，记述你和同学们向学校提建议，解决自行车存放问题的过程。

注意：1. 词数不少于60.2. 短文的开头已给出，不计入总词数。

【如何解决自行车存放问题，新闻叙述式】There was a problem with the parking place for bikes in ourschool. I noticed the entrance was small and almost blocked. So my classmates and I had a discussion and wrote a report. Then we went to meet the schoolmaster in his office and gave the report to him. He accepted our suggestions. Soon afterwards, a second entrance was opened to the parking place. Now it is easy to park our bikes there.2014-02-新课标I （咨询信）【暑期英语学习咨询，信息说明式】假定你是李华，计划暑假期间去英国学习英语，为期六周。

2014全国高考汇编阅读之社会生活类一（2014安徽卷）CYou are the collector in the gallery of your life. You collect. You might not mean to but you do. One out of three people collects tangible （有形的）things such as cats, photos and noisy toys.There are among some 40 collections that are being shown at “The Museum Of”—the first of several new museums which, over the next two years, will exhibit the objects accumulated by unknown collectors. In doing so, they will promote a popular culture of museums, not what museums normally represent.Some of the collections are fairly common—records, model houses. Others are strangely beautiful—branches that have fallen from tree, for example. But they all reveal （显露）a lot of things: ask someone what they collect and their answers will tell you who they are.Other on the way include “The museum of Collectors” and “The Museum of Me.”These new ones, it is hoped, will build on the success of “The Museum Of.” T he thinkers behind the project want to explore why people collect, and what it means to do so. They hope that visitors who may not have considered themselves collectors will begin to see they, too, collect.Some collectors say they started or stopped making collections at important point: the beginning or end of adolescence—“it’s a growing-up thing; you stop when you grow up,”says one. Other painful times are mentioned, such as the end of a relationship. For time and life can seem so uncontrollable that a steady serial（顺序排列的）arrangement is comforting.64. How will the new museums promote a popular culture of museums?A. By collecting more tangible things.B. By showing what ordinary people have collected.C. By correcting what museums normally represent.D. By accumulating 40 collections two years from now.65. What can be learned about collectors from their collections?A. Who they are.B. How old they are.C.Where they were born.D. Why they might not mean to collect.66. Which of the following is an aim of the new museums?A. To help people sell their collections.B. To encourage more people to collect.C. To study the significance of collecting.D. To find out why people visit museums.67. According to the last paragraph, people may stop collecting whentheyA. become adultsB. feel happy with lifeC. are ready for a relationshipD. feel time to he uncontrollable【考点】考察社会生活类阅读【文章大意】本文介绍了一种新型的收藏模式：普通人自己收藏一些很零碎的东西。

第二部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

21.—I’m sorry for breaking the cup.—Oh, _________ 一I’ve got plenty.A. forget itB.my pleasureC. help yourselfD. pardon me22. Unless some extra money________, the theatre will be close.A. was foundB. findsC. is foundD. found23.Today there are more airplanes________ more people than ever before in the skies.A. carryB. carryingC. carriedD. to be carrying24.Exactly______ the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565.A. whetherB. whyC. whenD.how25.—Who’s that at the door?—is the milkman.A. HeB. ItC. ThisD. That4) 特殊的形式宾语it。

enjoy, like, dislike, love, hate, prefer, appreciate等表示“喜欢、恨”等心理方面的动词后接if 从句或when 从句，通常应先在动词后接it 作形式宾语。

如：I will appreciate it if you can give me a hand.5)用于强调句中：It is／was…that／who。

高考英语真题【阅读理解】分类拔高练习04社会生活1.（2014·北京）阅读理解Choosing the Right Resolution (决定)Millions of Americans began 2014 with the same resolution they started 2013 with, a goal of losing weight. However, setting weight loss as a goal is a mistake.To reach our goal of losing weight --- the output, we need to control what we eat --- the input ( 输入). That is, we tend to care about the output but not to control the input. This is a bad way to construct goals. The alternative is to focus your resolution on the inpu t. Instead of resolving to lose weight, try an actionable resolution: “I'll stop having desert for lunch,” or “I'll walk every day for 20 minutes.” Creating a goal that focuses on a well-specified input will likely be more effective than concentrating on the outcome.Recently a new science behind incentives (激励) , including in education, has been discussed. For example, researcher Roland Fryer wanted to see what works best in motivating children to do better in school. In some cases, he gave students incentives based on input, like reading certain books, while in others, the incentives were based on output, like results on exams. His main finding was that incentives increased achievement when based on input but had no effect on output. Fryer's conclusion was that the intensives for inputs might be more effective because do not know how to do better on exam, aside from general rules like “study harder.” Reading certain books, on the other hand, is a well-set task over which they have much more control.As long as you have direct control over your goal, you have a much higher chance of success. And it's easier to start again if you fail, because you know exactly what you need to do.If you want to cut down on your spending, a good goal would be making morning coffee at home instead of going to a cafe, for example. This is a well-specified action-based goal for which you can measure your success easily. Spending less money isn't a goal because it's too general. Similarly, if you want to spend more time with your family, don't stop with this general wish. Think about an actionable habit that you could adopt and stick to, like a family movie night every Wednesday.In the long run, these new goals could become a habit.（1）The writer thinks that setting weight loss as a goal is a mistake because _______ .A.it is hard to achieve for most AmericansB.it is focused too much on the resultC.it is dependent on too many thingsD.it is based on actionable decisions（2）In Roland Fryer's research, some students did better than the others because ______ .A.they obeyed all the general rulesB.they paid more attention to examsC.they were motivated by their classmatesD.they were rewarded for reading some books（3）According to the writer, which of the following statements is a good goal?A.“I'll give up desert.”B.“I'll study harder.”C.“I'll cut down my expense”D.“I'll spend more time with my family”（4）The writer strongly believes that we should ________ .A.develop good habits and focus on the outcomeB.be optimistic about final goals and stick to themC.pick specific actions that can be turned into good habitsD.set ambitious goals that can balance the input ang output【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）A（4）C【解析】数以百万计的美国人在2014年和2013年一样，都有一个减肥的目标。

高中英语真题:2014高考英语二轮专题复习提分训练“阅读理解”社会生活类（2013年真题，含解析）(2013·新课标全国卷Ⅱ·C)(2013·大纲版全国卷·C)Given that many people’s moods(情绪)are regulated by the chemical action of chocolate,it was prob ably only a matter of time before somebody made the chocolate shop similar to a drugstore of Chinese medicine.Looking like a setting from the film Charlie & the Chocolate Factory,Singapore’s Chocolate Research Facility(CRF)has over 100 varieties of ch ocolates.Its founder is Chris Lee who grew up at his parents’cor ner store with one hand almost always in the jar of sweets.If the CRF seems to be a smart idea,that’s because Lee is not merely a seasoned salesperson but also head of a marketing d epartment that has business relations with big names such as L evi’s and Sony.That idea surely results in the imagination at wor k when it comes to making different flavored(味道)chocolates.The CRF’s produce is“green”,made within the country and divided into 10 lines,with the Alcohol Series being the most popular. The Exotic Series—with Sichuan pepper,red bean(豆),cheese and other flavors—also does well and is fun to taste.And for chocolate snobs,who t hink that they have a better knowledge of chocolate than others ,the Connoisseur Series uses cocoa beans from Togo,Cuba,Ve nezuela,and ,among others.【文章大意】本文介绍了新加坡的Chocolate Research Facility,它拥有100多种巧克力,并且着重介绍了几种很有风味的巧克力。

2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试江苏卷英语第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10称钟的时间来回答有关小题如阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?A. ￡19.15.B. ￡9.18.C. ￡9.15.答案是 C。

1. What does the woman want to do?A. Find a place.B. Buy a map.C. Get an address.2. What will the man do for the woman?A. Repair her car.B. Give her a ride..C. Pick up her aunt.3. Who might Mr. Peterson be?A. A new professor.B. A department head.C. A company director.4. What does the man think of the book?A. Quite difficult..B. Very interesting.C. Too simple.5. What are the speakers talking about?A. Weather.B. Clothes.C. News.第二节（共15小题；每小题1．5分，满分22．5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

2014年高考英语分项解析精编版专题15阅读理解之社会生活和说理议论文社会生活【2014·全国新课标II】BSince the first Earth Day in 1970,American have gotten a lot “greener” toward the environment . “We didn’t know at that time there even was an environment ,let alone that there was a problem with it,” says Bruce Anderson, president of Earth Day USA.But what began as nothing important in public affairs has grown into a social movement .Business people, political leaders, university professors, and especially millions of grass-roots Americans are taking part in the movement. “The understanding has increased many ,many times,”says Gaylord Nelson, the former governor from Wisconsin, who thought up the first According to US government reports , emissions (排放)from cars and trucks have dropped from 10.3 million tons a year to 5.5 tons .The number of cities producing CO beyond the standard has been reduced from 40 to 9 .Although serious problems still remain and need to be dealt with , the world is a safer and healthier place .A kind of “Green thinking ” has bee part of practices .Great improvement has been achieved .In 1988 there were only 600 recycling programs ,; today in 1995 there are about 6,600 .Advanced lights ,motors , and building designs have helped save a lot of energy and therefore prevented pollution .Twenty –five years ago , there were hardly any education programs for environment .Today , it’s hard to find a public school , university , or law school that does not have such a kind of program .” Until we do that , nothing else will change! ” say Bruce Anderson .【小题1】According to Anderson , before 1970, Americans had little idea about ___A the social movementB recycling techniquesC environmental problemsD the importance of Earth Day【小题2】Where does the support for environmental protection mainly e from?A The grass –roots levelB The business circleC Government officialsD University professors【小题3】What have Americans achieved in environmental protection ?A They have cut car emissions to the lowestB They have settled their environmental problemsC They have lowered their CO levels in forty cities.D They have reduced pollution through effective measures .【小题4】.What is especially important for environmental protection according to the last paragraph ?A EducationB PlanningC Green livingD CO reduction所学校都有关于环境保护的课程，而且通过最后Bruce Anderson说的话“Until we do that , nothing else will change! ”可知教育在改变人们保护环境意识，改善环境问题方面至关重要，故答案选A。

专题15 社会生活、说理议论类2019年高考题C【2019·全国I】Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going. When the the world was still populated byhunter-gatherers,small, tightly knit (联系)groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other.Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centres, trade,industrialisation. the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education. Especially glbalisation and better communications in the past few decades,all have caused many Languages to disappear,and dominant languages such as English．Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.At present, the world has about 6 800 languages. The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages. Often spoken by many people while hot. wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers.Europe has only around 200 Languages: the Americas about 1,000. Africa 2 400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800. The median number (中位数)of speakers is a mere 6.000, which means that half the worlds languages are spoken by fewer people than that.Already well over 400 of the total of, 6,800 languages are close to extinction(消亡), with only a few elderly speakers left. Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speakers),Chiapaneco in Mexico(150). Lipan Apache in the United States(two or three)or Wadjigu in Australia (one, with a question-mark): none of these seems to have much chance of survival.28. What can we infer about languages in huntergatherer times?A. They developed very fast.B. They were large in number.C. They had similar patters.D. They were closely connected29. Which of the following best explains"dominant " underlined in paragraph 2？A. Complex.B. Advanced.C. Powerful.D. Modem.30. How many languages are spoken by less than 6, 000 people at present?A. About 6 800B. About 3 400C. About 2.400D. About 1-20031. What is the min idea of the text?A. New languages will be created.B. Peoples lifestyles are reflected in languagesC. Human development results in fewer languagesD. Geography determines language evolution.【答案】28. B 29. C 30. B 31. C【解析】本文是一篇议论文。

2014全国高考汇编阅读之社会生活类一（2014安徽卷）CYou are the collector in the gallery of your life. You collect. You might not mean to but you do. One out of three people collects tangible（有形的）things such as cats, photos and noisy toys.There are a mong some 40 collections that are being shown at “The Museum Of”—the first of several new museums which, over the next two years, will exhibit the objects accumulated by unknown collectors. In doing so, they will promote a popular culture of museums, not what museums normally represent.Some of the collections are fairly common—records, model houses. Others are strangely beautiful—branches that have fallen from tree, for example. But they all reveal （显露）a lot of things: ask someone what they collect and their answers will tell you who they are.Other on the way include “The museum of Collectors” and “The Museum of Me.”These new ones, it is hoped, will build on the success of “The Museum Of.” The thinkers behind the project want to explore why people collect, and what it means to do so. They hope that visitors who may not have considered themselves collectors will begin to see they, too, collect.Some collectors say they started or stopped making collections at important point: the beginning or end of adolescence—“it’s a growing-up thing; you stop when you grow up,”says one. Other painful times are mentioned, such as the end of a relationship. For time and life can seem so uncontrollable that a steady serial（顺序排列的）arrangement is comforting.64. How will the new museums promote a popular culture of museums?A. By collecting more tangible things.B. By showing what ordinary people have collected.C. By correcting what museums normally represent.D. By accumulating 40 collections two years from now.65. What can be learned about collectors from their collections?A. Who they are.B. How old they are.C.Where they were born.D. Why they might not mean to collect.66. Which of the following is an aim of the new museums?A. To help people sell their collections.B. To encourage more people to collect.C. To study the significance of collecting.D. To find out why people visit museums.67. According to the last paragraph, people may stop collecting when theyA. become adultsB. feel happy with lifeC. are ready for a relationshipD. feel time to he uncontrollable【考点】考察社会生活类阅读【文章大意】本文介绍了一种新型的收藏模式：普通人自己收藏一些很零碎的东西。

高考英语真题【阅读理解】分类拔高练习06社会生活1.（2014·陕西）阅读理解One afternoon last week, I saw three tearful children from my son's school being comforted by teachers. That morning, my 11-year-old had stomach pains, retching(干呕)into a bowl. Talking to other mothers later, I heard about other children with stomachache or difficulty sleeping the night before.What caused so much pain? Sports day. Sports day might be necessary at a highly-competitive independent school, but not at a village primary school. For the children who can fly like the wind, sports day causes no problem. For those who are overweight or just not good at sport, it is a nightmare(噩梦). Even for those who enjoy running but fall halfway down the track in front of the entire school and their parents, it can prove a disaster.Why do we put our children through this annual suffering? Some may say competition is character building; or it's taking part, not winning, that's important; or that it is a tradition of school life. I just felt great pity for those children in tears or in pain.Team games at the end of sports day produced some close races, wild enthusiasm, lots of shouting—and were fun to watch. More importantly, the children who were not so fast or quick at passing the ball were hidden a little from everyone's eyes. Some of them also had the thrill of being on the winning side.I wish that sports day could be abandoned and replaced with some other less-competitive event. Perhaps an afternoon of team games, with a few races for those who want them, would be less stressful for the children and a lot more fun to watch.（1）What can we learn about the author's son from Paragraph 1?A.He talked with some mothers.B.He comforted his classmates.C.He had difficulty in sleeping.D.He suffered from stomachache.（2）Sports day is still an annual event in this school probably because .A.this is an independent schoolB.it is a tradition of the schoolC.it helps children lose weightD.children enjoy watching sports（3）What does the author think about team games?A.They should include more stressful races.B.They are acceptable to different children.C.They should be abandoned at primary schools.D.They are less fun for those who love running.（4）What is the author's attitude towards sports day?A.Critical.B.Neutral.C.Positive.D.Ambiguous.2.（2013·湖南）阅读理解Planning a visit to the UK? Here we help with ways to cut your costs.AVOID BIG EVENTS Big sporting events, concerts and exhibitions can increase the cost of accommodation and make it harder to find a room. A standard double room at the Thistle Brighton on the final Friday of the Brighton Comedy Festival (19 Oct.) cost £169.15 at . A week later, the same room cost £118.15.If you can be flexible and want to know dates to avoid—or you're looking for a big event to pass your time—check out sites such as , which allow you to search for events in the UK by city, date and category.STAYAWAY FROM THE STATION If traveling to your destination by train, you may want to find a good base close to the station, but you could end up paying more for the sake of convenience at the start of your holiday.Don't be too choosy about the part of town you stay in. Booking two months in advance, the cheapest room at Travelodge's Central Euston hotel in London for Saturday 22 September was £95.95. A room just a tube journey away at its Covent Garden hotel was £75.75. And at Farringdon, a double room cost just £62.95.LOOK AFTER YOURSELF Really central hotels in cities such as London, Edinburgh and Cardiff can cost a fortune, especially at weekends and during big events. As an alternative consider checking into a self-catering flat with its own kitchen. Often these flats are hidden away on the top floors of city centre buildings. A great example is the historic O'Neill Flat on Edinburgh's Royal Mile, available for £420 for five days in late September, with room for four adults.GET ON A BIKE London's ‘Boris bikes' have attracted the most attention, but other cities also have similar programmes that let you rent a bicycle and explore at your own pace, saving you on public transport or car parking costs.Among the smaller cities with their own programmes are Newcastle (casual members pay around £1.50 for two hours) and Cardiff (free for up to 30 minutes, or £5 per day). (358 words)（1）The Brighton Comedy Festival is mentioned mainly to show big events may __________.A.help travelers pass timeB.attract lots of travelers to the UKC.allow travelers to make flexible plansD.cause travelers to pay more for accommodation（2）“Farringdon” in Paragraph 5 is most probably __________.A.a hotel away from the train stationB.the tube line to Covent GardenC.an ideal holiday destinationD.the name of a travel agency（3）The passage shows that the O'Neill Flat __________.A.lies on the ground floorB.is located in central LondonC.provides cooking facilities for touristsD.costs over £100 on average per day in late September（4）Cardiff's program allows a free bike for a maximum period of __________.A.half an hourB.one hourC.one hour and a halfD.two hours（5）The main purpose of the passage is __________.A.to tell visitors how to book in advanceB.to supply visitors with hotel informationC.to show visitors the importance of self-helpD.to offer visitors some money-saving tips3.（2013·浙江）阅读理解The baby monkey is much more developed at birth than the human baby. Almost from the moment it is born, the baby monkey can move around and hold tightly to itsmother. During the first few days of its life the baby will approach and hold onto almost any large, warm, and soft object in its environment, particularly if that object also gives it milk. After a week or so, however, the baby monkey begins to avoid newcomers and focuses its attentions on “mother” ---- the real mother or the mother-substitute(母亲替代物）.During the first two weeks of its warmth is perhaps the most important psychological（心理的）thing that a monkey mother has to give to its baby. The Harlows, a couple who are both psychologists, discovered this fact by offering baby monkeys a choice of two types of mother-substitutes ---- one covered with cloth and one made of bare wire. If the two artificial mothers were both the same temperature, the little monkeys always preferred the cloth mother. However, if the wire model was heated, while the cloth model was cool, for the first two weeks after birth the baby monkeys picked the warm wire mother-substitutes as their favorites. Thereafter they switched and spent most of their time on the more comfortable cloth mother Why is cloth preferable to bare wire? Something that the Harlows called contact （接触的）comfort seems to be the answer, and a most powerful influence it is. Baby monkeys spend much of their time rubbing against their mothers' skins, putting themselves in as close contact with the parent as they can. Whenever the young animal is frightened, disturbed, or annoyed, it typically rushes to its mother and rubs itself against her body. Wire doesn't“rub”as well as does soft wire cloth. Prolonged （长时间的）“contact comfort” with a cloth mother appears to give the babies confidence and is much more rewarding to them than is either warmth or milk.According to the Harlows, the basic quality of a baby's love for its mother is trust. If the baby is put into an unfamiliar playroom without its mother, the baby ignores the toys no matter how interesting they might be. It screams in terror and curls up into a fury little ball. If its cloth mother is now introduced into the playroom, the bay rushes to it and holds onto it for dear life. After a few minutes of contact comfort, it obviously begins to feel more secure. It then climbs down from the mother-substitute and begins to explore the toys, but often rushes back for a deep embrace（拥抱）as if to make sure that its mother is still there and that all is well. Bit by bit its fears of the new environment are gone and it spends more and more time playing with the toys and less and less time holding on to its “mother.”（1）Psychologically, what does the baby monkey desire most during the first two weeks of its life?A.WarmthkC.ContactD.Trust（2）After the first two weeks of their life, baby moneys prefer the cloth mother to the wire mother because the former is __.rger in sizeB.closer to themC.less frightening and less disturbingD.more comfortable to rub against（3）What does the baby monkey probably gain from prolonged “contact comfort”?A.AttentionB.SoftnessC.ConfidenceD.Interest（4）It can be inferred that when the baby monkey feels secure,_____________.A.it frequently rushes back for a deep embrace when exploring the toysB.it spends more time screaming to get rewardsC.it is less attracted to the toys though they are interestingD.it cares less about whether its mother is still around（5）The main purpose of the passage is to______________.A.give the reasons of the experimentB.present the findings of the experimentC.introduce the method of the experimentD.describe the process of the experiment4.（2012·浙江）阅读理解Two friends have an argument that bleaks up their friendship forever, even though neither one can remember how the whole thing got started. Such sad events happen over and over in high schools across the country. In fact, according to an official report on youth violence, "In our country today, the greatest threat to the lives of children and adolescents is not disease or starvation or abandonment, but the terrible reality of violence". Given that this is the case, why aren't students taught to manage conflict the way they are taught to solve math problems, drive cars, or stay physically fit?First of all, students need to realize that conflict is unavoidable. A report on violence among middle school and high school students indicates that most violent incidents between students begin with a relatively minor insult (侮辱). For example,a fight could start over the fact that one student eats a peanut butter sandwich each lunchtime. Laughter over the sandwich can lead to insults, which in turn can lead to violence. The problem isn't in the sandwich, but in the way students deal with the conflict.Once students recognize that conflict is unavoidable, they can practice the golden rule of conflict resolution (解决) stay calm. Once the student feels calmer, he or she should choose words that will calm the other person down as well. Rude words, name-calling, and accusation only add fuel to the emotional fir On the other hand, soft words spoken at a normal sound level can put out the fire before it explodes out of control.After both sides have calmed down, they can use another key strategy for conflict resolution; listening. Listening allows the two sides to understand each other. One person should describe his or her side, and the other person should listen without interrupting. Afterward, the listener can ask non-threatening questions to clarify the speaker's position. Then the two people should change roles.Finally, students need f. consider what they are hearing. This doesn't mean trying to figure out what's wrong with the other person. It means understanding what the real issue is and what both sides are trying to accomplish. For example, a shouting match over a peanut butter sandwich might happen because one person thinks the other person is unwilling to try new things. Students need to ask themselves questions such as these: How did this start? What do I really want? What am I afraid off As the issue becomes clearer, the conflict often simply becomes smaller. Even if it doesn't, careful thought helps both sides figure out a mutual solution.There will always be conflict in schools, but that doesn't mean there needs to be violence. After students in Atlanta started a conflict resolution program, according to Educators for Social Responsibility, "64 percent of the teachers reported less physical violence in the classroom; 75 percent of the teachers reported an increase in student cooperation; and 92 percent of the students felt better about themselves". Learning to resolve conflicts can help students deal with friends, teachers, parents, bosses, and coworkers. In that way, conflict resolution is a basic life skill that should be taught in schools across the country.（1）This article is mainly about.A.the lives of school childrenB.the cause of arguments in schoolsC.how to analyze youth violenceD.how to deal with school conflicts（2）From Paragraph 2 we can learn that________ .A.violence is more likely to occur at lunchtimeB.a small conflict can lead to violenceC.students tend to lose their temper easilyD.the eating habit of a student is often the cause of a fight（3）Why do students need to ask themselves the questions stated in Paragraph 5?A. To find out who to blame.B.To get ready to buy new things.C.To make clear what the real issue is.D.To figure out how to stop the shouting match.（4）After the conflict resolution program was started in Atlanta, it was found that______.A.there was a decrease in classroom violenceB.there was less student cooperation in the classroomC.more teachers fell better about themselves in schoolsD.the teacher-student relationship greatly improved（5）The writer's purpose for writing this article is to_______.plain about problems in school educationB.teach students different strategies for school lifeC.advocate teaching conflict management in schoolsrm teachers of the latest studies on school violence。

高中英语真题:2014高考英语二轮专题复习提分训练“阅读理解”社会生活类（2013年真题，含解析）Passage 1(2012·安徽·B)Why is pink or purple a color for girls and blue or brown for boy s?The answer depends largely on cultural values as well as perso nal experiences. To the Egyptians, green was a color that repre sented the hope and joy of spring, while for Muslims, it means h eaven. Red is a symbol of good luck in many cultures. In , childr en are given money in a red envelope to bring good fortune in t he New Year. For many nations, blue is a symbol of protection and religious beliefs. Greek people often wear a blue necklace hoping to protect themselves against evils(灾祸).People’s choice of colors is also influenced by their bodies’ reac tions (反应)toward them. Green is said to be the most restful color. It ha s the ability to reduce pain and relax people both mentally and physically. People who work in green environment have been found to have fewer stomach aches.Red can cause a person’s blood pressure to rise and increase people’s appetites(食欲). Many decorators will include different shades of red in the r estaurant. Similarly, many commercial websites will have a red “Buy Now” button because red is a color that easily catches a p erson’s eye.Blue is another calming color. Unlike red, blue can cause peopl e to lose appetite. So if you want to eat less, some suggest that eating from blue plates can help.The next time you are deciding on what to wear or what color to decorate your room, think about the color carefully.【文章大意】本文从多方面介绍了颜色对人们的影响和作用,希望我们在生活中能利用这种影响,使生活更加美好。