2019版高考英语阅读理解一轮练题(6)(含解析)

1 2019版高考英语阅读理解一轮练题（6）

李仕才

A

Persuasion is to convince someone to agree with you, just like art which also calls

for special techniques to accomplish. According to the ancient Greeks, there are three

basic tools of persuasion: ethos, pathos and logos.

Ethos is a speaker’s way of convincing the audience that he is trustworthy, honest

and reliable. One common way a speaker can develop ethos is by explaining how much

experience or education he has in the field. After all, you’re more likely to listen

to advice about how to take care of your teeth from a dentist than a fireman.

Pathos is a speaker’s way of connecting with an audience's emotions. For example,

a politician who is trying to convince an audience to vote for him might say that he

alone can save the country from a terrible war. These words are intended to fill the

audience with fear, thus making them want to vote for him. Similarly, an animal charity

might show an audience pictures of injured dogs and cats to make the viewers feel pity,

so they will be more likely to donate money.

Logos is the use of facts, statistics or other evidence to support your argument.

An audience will believe you if you have convincing data to back up your claims.

Presenting this evidence is much more persuasive than simply saying “believe me”.

Although ethos, pathos and logos all have their strengths, they are often most

effective when used together. So, the next time you listen to a speech, watch a

commercial or listen to a friend try to convince you to lend him some money, be on

the lookout for these ancient Greek tools of persuasion.

1.What is the purpose of persuasion?

A. To advise somebody to support you.

B. To help someone have special skill

C. To convince somebody to realize his aim.

D. To talk someone into being honest.

2.What is a speaker’s way of convincing the audience to trust him?

A. Pathos. B. Ethos. 2 C. Logos. D. Education.

3.What do a politician and an animal charity have in common?

A. Both prevent themselves from being hurt.

B. Both save people from terrible wars.

C. Both make the audience support them.

D. Both persuade people to donate money.

4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A. Convince the Audience B. Three Basic Tools of Persuasion

C. Believe Me D. Strength of Persuasion

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了源自于古希腊且一直沿用至今的说服他人的艺术，其中包括ethos、pathos、logos三种方式以及用这三种方式说服他人在各个领域应用的可能性。

1.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段第一句话“Persuasion is to convince someone to agree

with you, just like art which also calls for special techniques to accomplish.”可知，说服是为了建议人们支持你。故选A。

3.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“For example, a politician who is trying to

convince an audience to vote for him might say that he alone can save the country

from a

terrible war.”和最后一句“Similarly, an animal charity might show an audience pictures

of injured dogs and cats to make the viewers feel pity, so they will be more likely

to donate money.”可知，政治家可能会说他会独自一人从可拍的战争中挽救一个国家为了说服观众为他投票，动物慈善机构向观众展示受伤的猫或者狗的图片是为了让观众感到可怜，更可能捐款。因此可知，政治家和慈善机构的共同之处是他们都想让听众支持他们。故选C。

4.B 【解析】标题判断题。纵观全文可知，文章主要介绍了说服人的艺术，包括ethos、pathos、logos三中不同的方式，以及这三种方式在各个领域应用的可能性。因此推断B项“说服的三种基本方式”为最佳标题，概况了文章中心主旨。故选B。 3

B

(2017·山西太原模拟一)

Junot Diaz,The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao

The winner in Culture critics’ survey is Junot Diaz’s first novel,about a

bookworm called Oscar,who dreams of finding love.It also was named as the number-one

book by most critics.“It is a big deal for me to fall in love with a book whose topic

is science fiction,fantasy and imagination,” says Elizabeth Taylor,the Chicago

Tribune’s literary editor.

Edward P.Jones,The Known World

Set in 1855 on the plantation of Henry Townsend—born a slave,now a

slave-owner—The Known World is a success,leading readers into a complex moral time

without making simple judgments.Facing an early death,Townsend thinks about the future

of his 50-acre Virginia plantation and the slaves he treats the way his former owner,now

his teacher,taught him.

Hilary Mantel,Wolf Hall

Mantel’s boldly reimagined legend of 16th Century Europe,told from the point of

Thomas Cromwell,winning the Man Booker and National Book Critics Circle awards,was 4 adapted to the stage and has been filmed as a new BBC miniseries(短剧).Mary Ann

Gwinn,Seattle Times book editor writes,“I have never felt so completely buried into

a character’s mind,not to mention a long ago and far-away place.”

Marilynne Robinson,Gilead

Rev John Ames,a small town minister,describes his life and anti-slavery tradition

to his young son in beautiful language in this first part of Robinson’s trilogy(along

with Home and Lila).“ I can’t think of a living novelist who writes more seriously