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定语从句 (2)

定语从句 (2)

语法四：定语从句一 .概述在英语中，我们通常用作定语修饰名词或代词。

若要表达更复杂的意思，需借助来修饰名词。

定语的位置：前置定语：单词（ _______、______，_____， _________）后置定语：______和_______（定语从句）I do not like lazy people.(转为定语从句）被修饰的名词/代词因为总在定语从句前面，所以被称为_____。

引导定语从句的词，被称为______。

二.定语从句的三个重要概念（1）先行词———被定语从句所_____或_____的对象。

（2）关系词———连接____和____，在定语从句中充当一定____的词。

（3）不完整的句子。

（4）定语从句的结构=先行词+_____+_______的句子e.g.Envy is like a fly that passes all a body’s sounder parts and dwells upon the sores.三 .关系词定语从句主要考察的就是引导词的选择，定语从句的引导词分为三类：1 关系代词：关系代词先行词指人：______ ,______先行词指物：________先行词指人指物均可：_________先行词指人或指物的所有关系： ______（谁的，定语） ;2 关系副词：副词是表示行为或状态特征的词，修饰_____、_____或_____，表示时间，地点，程度，方式等概念。

本身后面句子主干完整，补充表_____，____,______的副词让句子完整。

时间状语：______地点状语：______原因状语：______3 特殊关系词：as;whose ;whyps:定语从句没有______ 和_______.1 、特殊关系词特殊关系词直接靠翻译做题即可。

as:“正如”（1）as的本质是个关系_____，指代_________。

（2）as引导的定从可放主句之前（可放中间，后面）。

定语从句典型错误例析ii

定语从句典型错误例析ii

定语从句典型错误例析（2）1. 我给他看了我上周在杭州的照片。

【误】 I showed him the photos I took them in Hangzhou last week.【正】 I showed him the photos I took in Hangzhou last week.【析】关系代词或关系副词既代替先行词，又在定语从句中充当必然的成份。

例句为省略了关系代词（that/which）的定语从句，that/which 指代 the photos，在定语从句中充当 took 的宾语，故them多余，应去掉。

2.那个正在修理汽车的人是我的叔叔。

【误】 The man is mending the car is my uncle.【正】 The man who/that is mending the car is my uncle.【析】关系代词在定语从句中充当主语时不可省略，只有作宾语时才能省略that。

本句还能够译为The man mending the car is my uncle.（-ing形式短语mending the car作the man 的后置定语。

）3. 这只风筝是你父亲昨天为你扎的吗？【误】 Is this kite your father made for you yesterday?【正】 Is this kite the one (that) your father made for you yesterday?【析】假设把this看做kite的修饰语，短语this kite为主句的主语，这时咱们能够看出主句中缺少表语，即定语从句的先行词，因此应该加上代词the one。

若是咱们把this看做代词，作句子的主语，那么kite应该为句子的表语，那么能够看出先行词kite前缺少定冠词the。

故本句还可改成：Is this the kite (that/which) your father made for you yesterday?4. 她告知我的就这些。

定语从句(2)

定语从句(2)
高考一轮总复习 ·英语
第
1 步
专题九 定语从句
第 3
步
第
2 步
第二部分 专题九
第1页
高考一轮总复习 ·英语
定语从句高考考点
第 1
考点一
步
考点二
考点三
第
2 步
考点四
关系代词引导的定语从句
关系副词引导的定语从句
第
3
“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句 步
as，which引导的定语从句
考点五 way和time后接定语从句的情况
之一是减缓全球范围的饥荒。
第
2 步
②Trading leather shoes is the business ___o_n_e_o_f_w__h_o_s_e___
the Greens are devoted. 皮鞋生意是格林一家所专注的事业。
第二部分 专题九
第21页
高考一轮总复习 ·英语
③[2016·浙江]The study suggests that the cultures we grow
2
步 (＝whose price) was very reasonable.
最近我买了个古代的花瓶，它的价钱很合理。
第二部分 专题九
第22页
高考一轮总复习 ·英语
第
1
步
⑤His head soon appeared out of the window，
__f_r_o_m__w_h_e_r_e_____he saw nothing but trees.
3
关系副词where引导定语从句；如果作主语、宾语或表语，则 步
第 2
用关系代词that/which引导定语从句。

定语从句2

定语从句2

Rewrite the sentence using the attributive clause: 1. I remember the day. “The Beatles” played their first hit on that day. I remember the day when “The Beatles” played their first hit.
5 when, where, why 与that, which 的区分 why This is the reason ___________ ( = for which ) I didn’t come here. which/that The reason __________ she gave was not true. 指时间， 指时间，地点或原因的先行词在定语 从句中作主语或宾语， 从句中作主语或宾语，用which或that 或 引导定语从句。 引导定语从句。
1.This is the best TV _____ is made in that China. 2.The first museum _____ he visited in that China was the History Museum. 先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修 饰时，引导定语从句用that 。 饰时，引导定语从句用
对比练习
1. It is very useful to master a foreign which language,_____ has been said before. 2 ___ everyone hoped, Mary has As won the first prize. as引导定语从句可放在句首，句中， 引导定语从句可放在句首， 引导定语从句可放在句首 句中， 句末， 句末，而which 引导定语从句不能放 在句首.as译为正如 好像, 译为正如， 在句首 译为正如，好像 which 则 没有此义。 没有此义。

定语从句2 缺成分

定语从句2 缺成分

二定语从句缺成分缺主语，宾语，表语、定语时就使用关系代词；缺状语用关系副词或介词+关系代词。

(一)、定语从句缺主语定语从句缺主语，用与先行词对应的关系代词,人-who；事、物-which；人的、物的-whose 作从句的主语。

特殊情况用that。

（who．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．）was John.．．．answered the questionA. all of whichB. each of whichC. all of themD. each of them（2013）We have launched another man-made satellite, ______ is announced in today’s newspaper.A. thatB. whichC. whoD. what（二）、定语从句中缺宾语或状语1从句的谓语动词是及物动词，用关系代词作从句的宾语—which，whom，that；2从句的谓语动词是不及物动词，用关系副词when、where、why，或in，for+which做状语。

1.Yesterday we went to visit the house ( the great writer used to live).作状语2. built in 1987) stayed up in the earthquake.作宾语3.（we spent together.）作宾语4.(_____ I know) were killed in the earthquake.作宾语5.broke out).作状语6.This is the factory you worked last year.7.This is the factory you visited last year.8.Is this the factory you lived last year?答案：1 Where/in which 2 which/that/-- 3 which/that 4who/whom/that/--5 when/in which 6where/in which 7 which/that/-- 8where/in which真题2010 Can you believe I had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut?You should try the barber’s I go. It’s only 15.A. asB. whichC. where/to whichD. that（三）定语从句中缺定语，用相应的关系代词The doctor advised him to give up smoking, advice he did not follow.哪一个建议他没遵守A.whoB. whoseC. whomD. which 谁的建议他没遵守（2012）I wish to thank Professor Smith, without___help I would never have got this far.B.who B. whoseC. whomD. which（2009）A person ____ e-mail account is full won’t be able to send or receive any e-mails.A. whoB. whomC. whoseD. whoever（四）主句缺先行词1主句缺先行词，从句谓语是及物动词-the one+代词Is this factory you visited last year?2主句缺先行词，从句谓语是不及物动词-the one+副词/介词+代词Is this factory you lived last year?（五）、如定语从句中谓语结构是被动结构，有主语，用关副，无主语，用关代作主语。

高三语法总复习定语从句 (2)

高三语法总复习定语从句 (2)

关系代词只用that的情况 的情况 关系代词只用
• 1.先行词 先行词all, everything, nothing, something, 先行词 anything, little, much 等不定代词 • 2. 先行词被 先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much 等修饰。 等修饰。 • 3. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。 • 4.先行词被 先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last 先行词被 修饰时。 修饰时。 • 5.有两个或两个以上的分别表示人和物的先行词， 有两个或两个以上的分别表示人和物的先行词， 有两个或两个以上的分别表示人和物的先行词 从句应用that,而不是其他。 而不是其他。 从句应用 而不是其他 • 6. 当主句是以 当主句是以who, which 开头的特殊疑问句时， 开头的特殊疑问句时， 定语从句多用that,而不用 而不用who (whom), which. 定语从句多用 而不用
定语从句的概念
• That’s an unpleasant thing to say about your father after _______ he’s done for you.(2004全国卷 全国卷II) 全国卷 • A. something B. anything • √ all C. D. that
定语从句的概念
• 定语从句 = 形容词性从句 修饰名词 • 定语从句必须跟在先行词后边。 定语从句必须跟在先行词后边。 • 定语从句是不完全的句子
• （状语从句 = 副词性从句 修饰动词或整个句子） 修饰动词或整个句子） • （宾语从句 = 名词性从句 在动词后说明其内容） 在动词后说明其内容）

定语从句知识点详解(初中英语专项复习) (2)

定语从句知识点详解（初中英语专项复习）1.引导定语从句的关系代词（1)who,whom用来指人，who在从句中作主语、宾语；whom在从句中作宾语。

Success will belong to those who never say "impossible".成功永远属于那些从不说“不可能”的人。

（2)which用来指物，在从句中可作主语、宾语，作宾语时可省略。

－What shall we do next?我们下一步应该做什么？－Take the advice which is given by Dr. Bloch.采纳布洛赫博士给的建议。

（3)that既可指人又可指物，在从句中可作主语、宾语。

I like the movies that are about Chinese history.我喜欢那些关于中国历史的电影。

（4)whose用来指人或物，只用作定语。

Chaplin was a great actor whose name is well-known all over the world.卓别林是一位闻名于世的伟大的演员。

2.引导定语从句的关系副词（1)when代替时间，where代替地点，相当于“介词＋which”，因此常交替使用。

I'll never forget the day when/on which I won the prize.我永远不会忘记我获奖的那天。

This is the city where/in which I have worked for 20 years.这就是我工作了20年的城市。

（2)why在从句中作原因状语。

We don't know the reason why he didn't come yesterday.我们不知道他昨天没来的原因。

3.定语从句只用that不用which 引导的情况（1)先行词是指物的不定代词，如all,little,much,everything,anything,nothing等，或先行词被不定代词修饰时。

定语从句的引导词 (2)

定语从句的引导词：
指人
关系代词：
指物
（）地点状语
关系副词：（）原因状语
（）时间状语
that与which的选择：
(1) that指物时一般可以与which互换，但在下列情况引导词只用that，不用which:
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
(2)只用which的情况:
1)
2)
as与which引导的定语从句
3.先行词是one of +n(s)时从句谓语动词用复数；如果是the only one of +n(s)谓语动词用单数。
前缀：
prefix
meaning
example
il-, ir-, im-,
un-, dis-, non-
不…
illegal, irregular, impossible, unlucky, disavantage,
反义对比：but,whiledespiteon the contraryunlikerather than
因果关系：becauseso thatsinceforthus(因or
- dom, - ship,
- hood, - ment
性质，状态
freedom, hardship neighborhood, management
Signal words:
同义或近义：orfor examplerefer toThat is to sayin other words破折号
nonpublic
mis-
错误
misunderstand
mini-
小
minibus
trans-

Unit 4 定语从句练习2

定语从句(The Attributive Clause)(二)概念：在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句，叫定语从句。

定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词。

定语从句放在先行词的后面。

引导定语从句的词有关系代词who, whom, whose, that, which 和关系副词when, where, why等。

一、关系代词who, whom, whose, that, which的用法1、当先行词是人，关系代词作主语时，我们只能用who/ that，且不能省略。

例如：This is the man who/that helped me.2、当先行词是人，关系代词作宾语时，我们只能用whom/ that / who，可以省略。

例如：The doctor (whom/ that / who) you are looking for is in the room.3、当先行词是物时，不论其作主语、宾语，我们都用that/which,当其作主语时，不能省略；当其作宾语时，可以省略。

例如：1) A plane is a machine that/which can fly.2) The noodles (that/which ) I cooked were good.4、当先行词是人或物时,我们用whose来代替my/his/her/its/their。

例如：Do you know the man whose name is Mr. Smith?注：关系代词在从句中作介词宾语时只能用whom, which，whose，可以和介词一起放在先行词和从句之间。

例如：1) The man whom/that my teacher is talking with is my father.→The man with whom my teacher is talking is my father.2) The room that/which I live in is good.→The room in which I live is good.3) The man whose department I once worked in was Mr King.→The man in whose department I once worked was Mr King.但含有介词的短语动词一般不能拆开，介词仍放在有关动词的后面。

高中英语知识点 定语从句 (2)

activity _w__h__e_r_e_ sight matters more than hearing. 2. [2013江西卷] He wrote a letter w__h_e_r_e_ he explained
what had happened in the accident.
3. —What do you think of teaching, Bob?
planted last year.
Have a try
指出关系代词在定语从句中的成份：
1.The man who came to our school is Mr. Wang. ( 主语 )
2.The girl (whom) I met is Lucy. ( 宾语 ) 3.A child whose parents are dead is called Tom.
A.during which time B. for which time C. during whose time D. by that time
4.I was given three books on cooking, the first ______I really enjoyed. A. of that B. of which C. that D. which
up his house and attacked his relatives, and he himself
couldn't __3___ being sentenced to 30 years in prison.
1. A. set B. found C. constructed D. founded
4. A. However B. Therefore C. In fact D. Instead 5. A. introduced B. rewarded
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I still remember the day when you came to see me. 关系副词： when, where，why
How many kinds of Attributive Clauses are there?
定 语 从 句
The Restrictive Attributive Clause 限制性定语从句 The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause 非限制性定语从句
在非限制定语从句中， 用which，不用that
在下列情况中，只能用 that，不用 which：
1.先行词是everything, nothing, anything, something, much, little, none等不定代词，引导定语从句用that. 2.先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，引导定语从句用that 3.先行词被any, some, no, much, few, little, every, all, the very,the only,the last 修饰时,引导定语从句用that 4.先行词既有人又有事物时，引导定语从句用that . 5. Who做先行词时，引导定语从句用that
在下列情况中，只能用 which，不用 that：
1.介词之后只用which引导定语从句 2.非限制性定语从句中，只用which引导定语从句。
prep.+ which（先行词是物）
prep.+ whom (先行词是人）
介词之后只接wh习惯搭 配来决定。
The Attributive Clause
Concepts ：
定语从句： 在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词 句子叫定语从句。
eg .The book that he is reading is mine.
先行词： 被定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词。 关系代词： that,who, whom, whose,which
she
from which she about which she
A. This is the hero of that we are proud B. This is the hero of who we are proud . C. This is the hero who we are proud. D. This is the hero of whom we are proud.
The girl her is Mary.
we saw
yesterday
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences:
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
The girl that/who/whom is Mary.
we saw yesterday
The house ___ I grew up has been taken down and replaced by an office building. 介词之后which不能省 A.in it B.in C.in which D.in that
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences: A plane is a machine. The machine can fly. A plane is a machine the machine can fly.
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences: A plane is a machine. The machine can fly. A plane is a machine that /which can fly.
I’ve read all the books ________ that you lent me.
先行词被any, some, no, much, few, little, every, all, the very/ only/last 修饰时,引导 定语从句用that 。
1.The famous writer and his works that the radio _____ broadcast have aroused great interest among the students.
is Qiuxiang （句子）
句子充当定 定语从句 语被叫做？
定语从句高考中的考查
定语从句的考查
单选。（选择关系词，理解句子） 完型填空（选择连词，语句理解） 阅读理解（文章大意的理解）
书面表达（提高作文档次）
定语从句：是指在复合句中， 修饰 名词或 代词的从句. 被定语从句所修饰的名词或代 词叫做“先行词 ”. 引导定语从句的词叫“关系词 ”
主语，宾语
人/物
I sat next whose members are music The club to a girl whose name was 定语 Mary. meet every Saturday. fans
定语
练一练：
1.The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace. A. that B. where C. what D. in which 2.The Science Museum,__ we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of London’s tourist attractions.（江苏） A. which B. what C. that D. where 3. Yesterday she sold her car, __she bought a month ago.（浙江） A. when B. where C. that D. which
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences:
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences:
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
关系代词考点直击:
1. 关系代词的分类及作用 2.that 与which区别 3.介词的选用 4.Whose 的用法
引导词
指代 (先行词) 人
在定语从句中的作用
关 系 代 词
who
The student 宾语主 saw just now who we 主语，宾语 主语，宾语 us English She was the teacher who taught 语 is the best runner in our school
1. Do you like the book spent $10? 2. Do you like the book paid $10? 3. Do you like the book learned a lot? 4. Do you like the book often talks?
on which she for which
Do you know the man whom I talked 宾语 to just now? 宾语宾语
whom
that
人
人/物 物
主语，宾语 主语，宾语
which
whose
David of the cities in china which he Some studied in the high school which 主语，宾语 宾语主语 is the oldestis Beijing. likes most one in the city.
引导定语从句的关系词
指代人 who，whom，that 指代事物 which，that 所属关系 whose，of which 指地点 where 关 指时间 when 系 指原因 why 副 词 关 系 代 词
Relative
pronouns
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences: A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.
that 1.Nothing ______ can be done has been done. that 2.Do you have anything ______ you 先行词是everything, nothing, anything, don’t understand ?
something, much, little, none等不定代词，引 导定语从句用that
在介词后面，指事物 用which，指人用whom
1.Beijing ,______ is China’s capital ,is rich Beijing which in culture. 2.He succeeded in the competition which competition,_____ He made his parents very happy.
充当主 语
指出关系代词在定语从句中的成份：
1.The man who came to our school is Mr. Wang. 主语 2.The girl whom I met is Lucy. 宾语 3. A child whose parents are dead is called Tom. 定语 4. I like the book which you bought yesterday. 宾语
1.This is the best TV _______ is that made in China. that 2.The first museum _______ he visited in China was the History Museum. 先行词被形容词最高级