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UNIT 31. Most Americans would have a difficult time telling you, specifically, what the values are that Americans live by. They have never given the matter much thought.2. Even if Americans had considered this question, they would probably, in the end, decide not to answer in terms of a definitive list of values. The reason for this decision is itself one very American value —their belief that every individual is so unique that the same list of values could never be applied to all, or even most, of their fellow citizens.3. Although Americans may think of themselves as being more varied and unpredictable than they actually are, it is significant that they think they are. Americans tend to think they have been only slightly influenced by family, church or schools. In the end, each believes, “I personally chose which values I want to live my own life by.”4. The different behaviors of a people or a culture make sense only when seen through the basic beliefs, assumptions and values of that particular group. When you encounter an action, or hear a statement in the United States that surprises you, try to see it as an expression of one or more of the values listed here.5. Before proceeding to the list itself, we should also point out that Americans see all of these values as very positive ones. They are not aware, for example, that the people in many Third World countries view some of these values as negative or threatening.In fact, all of these American values are judged by many of the world’s citizens as negative and undesirable. Therefore, it is not enough simply to familiarize yourself with these values. You must also, so far as possible, consider them without the negative or derogatory connotation that they might have for you, based on your own experience and cultural identity.Personal Control over the Environment6. Americans no longer believe in the power of Fate, and they have come to look at people who do as being backward, primitive, or hopelessly naive. To be called “fatalistic” is one of the worst criticisms one can receive in the American context; to an American, it means one is superstitious and lazy, unwilling to take any initiative in bringing about improvement.7. In the United States, people consider it normal and right that Man should control Nature, rather than the other way around. More specifically, people believe every single individual should have control over whatever in the environment might potentially affect him or her. 1.大多数美国人在谈起其赖以生存的价值观时会感到力不从心。
新编实用英语综合教程2第四版汉译英答案Unit 1P141) 你能告诉我在哪儿可以买到口香糖吗？Can you tell me where I can buy some chewing gum?2) 警察想知道她长什么样儿。
The police wanted to know what she looked like.3) 你知道她穿的是什么衣服吗?Do you know what she was wearing?4) 在报告中他们问到银行里有几个监控摄像头。
In the report, they asked how many security cameras there were in the bank.5) 面试官问他已经工作几年了。
The interviewer asked him how many years he had worked.6) 你想知道他什么时候去上海吗?Do you want to know when he will leave for Shanghai?7) 我只是想知道你喜欢什么颜色, 红色还是黄色。
I want to know which color you prefer — red or yellow.填空题1) What’s your guideline in choosing songs for your audience?2) The seminar starts on Friday and the experts will be discussing the impact of technology on the climate in the future.3) Barclays appointed Bob Diamond, the head of its investment-banking business, as its new chief executive from March 2011.4) Frankly speaking, I cannot uphold such conduct. You see, it is aimed only at the personal intere st.5) However, just because you can write statements in purely mathematical notations, this doesn’t mean that you necessarily should.6) That was good timing because his work was influential in shaping the project plan.7) Those studying abroad will most likely return home for better employment because of the tigh t job market abroad.8) It gives me great pleasure to express once again my deep appreciation for the grand reception and generous hospitality we enjoy here.P191) 2) 3) 美国人一般早早就安排好他们的退休生活。
UNIT6What does it feel like to help dying patients through their final days? Experience it through the eyes of hospice nurse Jill Campbell, who does her job with grace, compassion, and gratitude.1.Outside, it's noisy on this busy block of row houses in Baltimore. But inside one tidy living room, all is quiet except for the sound of a woman's raspy breathing. The patient is huddled in an easy chair under a handmade pink-and-blue afghan, a knit cap on her head and booties on her feet. She has trouble staying warm these days. Her cancer has returned with a vengeance and she has only a few weeks to life. Hospice nurse Jill Campbell kneels down beside her patient, listens to her breathing, and then checks her blood pressure. Campbell has already hauled in oxygen tanks, showed family members how to work them, organized the medicine, and assessed how her patient has been eating and sleeping.2.But now is a moment to connect one-on-one. Campbell wraps her hands aro und the woman’s hands and rubs them together to warm them. She looks into her face. “are you feeling a little better?” she asks softly.3.Getting to know her patients and helping them through the toughest time of their lives is what Campbell, 43, appreciates most about being a hospice nurse. “I don’t know of another position where you can do more for people,” she says.4.Her patients have all been told that they have six months or less to live. Rather than continue with often-difficult or painful treatments that probably won’t extend their lives, they have decided to stop trying for a cure. Instead, with the help of hospice care, they’ll focus on comfort and on living whatever they have left of their lives to the fullest ---usually in their own home.5.Being able to die at home is a major part of the appeal of hospice, but patients and family members may not see it that way at first. “A lot of people still view hospice as giving up and letting the disease in,” says Campbell. That’s why the decision to c all in hospice care can be an incredibly difficult one for a family to make. Once they do, though, most patients and their families soon understand the value of having a team of dedicated professionals---including social workers, health aides, chaplains, and nurses---work together to provide not only physical but also emotional and spiritual support. 帮助即将离世的患者度过最后的时光会是怎样的感受呢？让我们借助吉尔·坎贝尔的所见经历这一切吧。
UNIT71. Several leading modern business leaders seem, surprisingly, to downplay the importance of strategy. You can make too much fuss about strategy, they imply--- you have a few clear options; just choose one and get on with it. is it really that simple?2. “Strategy is straightforward---just pick a general direction and implement like hell.”Jack Welch, for example---the chairman and CEO of the USA’s General Electric Company; the man who grow the company from a market capitalization of $27 billion to a $140 billion, making GE the largest and most valuable company in the world. he must know a thing or two about strategy. But here’s what he says: “In real life, strategy is actually very straightforward. You pick a general direction and you implement like hell.”Or Allan leighton, the man who was recruited by Archie Norman to help res cue the UK’s ailing Asda supermarket chain, and went on to build the company into one of Britain’s most successful retailers. “Strategy is important,” says Leighton, “but it is a compass, not a road map. It tells you in which direction you are heading, but the important bit is how you get there.”Or Louis Gerstner, the man who rescued IBM in the 1990’s when the struggling mainframe supplier was about to be driven into extinction by the new, smaller and more agile personal computer manufacturers. “It is extremely difficult to develop a unique strategy for a company; and if the strategy is truly different, it is probably highly risky. Execution really is the critical part of a successful strategy. Getting it done, getting it done right, getting it done better than the next person is far more important than dreaming up new visions of the future.”3. So strategy is simple. And having an ingenious new strategy is less important than carrying it out successfully. In fact it might be dangerous. It that right?Let’s look at one last quote from Mr. Welch. “When I became CEO in 1981, we launched a highly publicized initiative: be number one or number two in every market, and fix, sell or close to get there. This was not our strategy, although I’ve often heard it descri bed that way.It was a galvanising mantra to describe how we were going to do business going forward. Our strategy was much more directional. GE was going to move away from businesses that were being commoditized toward businesses that manufactured high-value technology products or sold services instead of things.”Grand strategy versus strategy4. I would argue that these CEO’s blue chip corporations are taking a slightly Olympian view of the concept of “strategy.” Let’s call what hey are talking about “grand strategy” a strategy, but in the overarching sense, like the American car industry saying that they are going to move out gas-guzzlers and into smaller, more fuel-efficient models. 1.一些领先的现代企业领导人似乎，奇怪的是，淡化战略的重要性。
Unit11.We all sensed we were coming to the end of our stay here,that we would never get a chance li ke this again,and we became determined not to waste it.Most important of course were the fina l exams in April and May in the following year.No one wanted the humiliation of finishing last in c lass,so the peer group pressure to work hard was strong.Libraries which were once empty after f ive o’clock in the afternoon were standing room only until the early hours of the morning,and guys wo re the bags under their eyes and their pale,sleepy faces with pride,like medals proving their dilig ence.我们都觉得在校时间不多了，以后再也不会有这样的学习机会了，所以都下定决心不再虚度光阴。
当然，下一年四五月份的期末考试最为重要。
我们谁都不想考全班倒数第一，那也太丢人了，因此同学们之间的竞争压力特别大。
以前每天下午五点以后，图书馆就空无一人了，现在却要等到天快亮时才会有空座，小伙子们熬夜熬出了眼袋，他们脸色苍白，睡眼惺忪，却很自豪，好像这些都是表彰他们勤奋好学的奖章。
2Tomorrow?It’s all a lie;there isn’t a tomorrow.There’s only a promissory note that we are often not ina position to cash.It doesn’t even exist.When you wake up in the morning it’ll be today again and allthe same rules will apply.Tomorrow is just another version of now,an empty field that will remai n sounless we start planting some seeds.Your time,which is ticking away as we speak(at about60se condsa minute chronologically;a bit faster if you don’t invest your time wisely),will be gone and you’llhave nothing to show for it but regret and a rear-view mirror full of“could haves”,“should h aves”and“would haves”.明天行吗？明天只是个谎言；根本就没有什么明天，只有一张我们常常无法兑现的期票。
1.他们对业余剧社的介绍给苏菲留下了很深的印象,于是她就报了名。
Their introduction of Amateur Dramatics impressed Sophie so much that she sighed up for it .2.网络教育为全职人员提供了利用业余时间接受教育的机会。
Online education provides those who work full time with opportunities to receive further education in their spare time .3.刚上大学时，他不知道是否需要把老师讲的内容一字不落地都记下来。
When he first arrived at university , he was not sure whether he was supposed to scribble down every word out of the professor’s mouth .4.没有人觉察出他隐藏在笑容背后的绝望。
No one detects his despair well hidden behind his smile .5.有些学生能轻松自如地与陌生人交谈，可有些学生却很难做到这一点。
Some students are easy about talking with strangers , while some others find it hard to do so .1.他们这儿不卖薯条，如果你想吃，得去肯德基或麦当劳。
（serve）They don’t serve chips / French fries here. If you want them, you have to go to a KFC or McDonald’s.2.他捡起一个核桃，想用锤子把它砸开，可没想到却把它砸碎了。
（crack ; crush）He picked up a walnut and tried to crack it with a hammer , but instead he crushed it .3.当金子加热融化后，他们把金水倒进模子，铸成金条。
心之所向，所向披靡英语精读课后翻译英译汉:Ｕniｔ１1.Ｆｉnａｌly , with my moｔｈer red in thｅfａceａnd ｓhort ofbreatｈ,we fｉnd Ｒoｏm8 , Ｉunlocｋthｅｄoor ,and we aｌｌwaｌk in ．译:等我们终于找到８号房间的时候，妈妈已经涨红了脸,累得上气接不上下气。
我打开门锁,我们都走了进去。
2.Ｓhe impresseｓmｅ, and I feeｌso ignorａnt tｈat I ｓhouｌdn’t even breａthe the same air aｓher .译：她给我留下了深刻的印象,我觉得自己太无知了,甚至不配跟她呼吸同样的空气。
3.I ｄｏn’t know why I ｈａve to ｂe iｎtroducｅｄto literaｔurebuｔｔhe woman in tｈe aｄmiｓｓions oｆｆicｅsａys if it’ｓ a requiｒement even thｏugh I’ｖe read Dｏsｔoyevｓky anｄMelｖille aｎd that’ｓadmirable for sｏmeoｎe ｗithｏut a high ｓcｈｏol educａtｉo ｎ.译:我不知道为什么我非得了解文学。
可是招生办公室的那位女士说,虽然我读过陀思妥耶夫斯基和梅尔维尔的小说,虽然一个没上过高中的人能读这些书的确令人钦佩，但这门课是必修课。
4.I’m iｎhｅaveｎand tｈe ｆｉrst ｔhｉnｇtｏdｏｉs bｕｙｔｈe reｑｕireｄｔextboｏks,cｏｖer them wiｔh the pｕrｐle and white NYU book jａｃｋetｓsｏthａt peｏple iｎthe ｓubwａy w ｉllｌｏok at ｍｅａｄmｉｒingly .译:我乐得飘飘然了,第一件事就是去买所需要的课本,然后用纽约大学紫白相间的护封把它们套起来,这样地铁里的乘客就会向我投来艳羡的目光了。
新编实用英语综合教程2第四版第三单元汉译英答案新编实用英语综合教程2第四版第三单元汉译英答案Unit 3P621) 我的想法是，在他们困难的时候要给他们以援助。
My idea is that we (should) give them a hand when they are in trouble. 2) 我们系有必要再建一个计算机中心。
It is necessary that another computer center (should) be set up in our department. 3) 老太太希望能活到看见孙子上大学。
The old woman wishes she could live to see her grandson go to college. 4) 他讲起那个城市来就好像本人去过那儿似的。
He talks about that city as if (though) he had been there himself. 5) 如果我们当时准备充分的话，我们就可能成功了。
Had we made (If we had made) adequate preparations, we might have succeeded.填空题1 Her lawyer said that she understood the(consequence结果) of her action2 New (advanced提高)in medicine improve the quality of health care3 Without friends ,he felt （lonely孤独）in the city he had just arrived in4 Music is (invisible看不见)we can hear it and feel it but not see it5 She forgot to (insert插入) the letter into the envelope6 The Queen's (attendants服务员)were always surrounding her7 She loves her cat and often (pets抚摸) it on the back8 What do you (intend打算)doin when you get to that place9 A dark suit is (preferable更可取)to a light one for eveningwear10 Linda has $500 on (deposit存款) in her account11 The picnic was (interrupted打断)by a hard shower yesterday12．（Evidently明显）,he likes music so much that he’s taking piano lessons.P66请给家里打个电话，告诉他们我正在去公司的路上Please dial home and tell them I am on the way to the company 13) 从那时起生产就没有倒退过。
