A = the area of the filter cake, cm2;
P = differential pressure in atmospheres, (105Pa);
viscosity of the filtrate in centipoises
t = time seconds
Vf=Filtration Volume
(损害) to, potentially productive horizons(生产 层).
泥浆的失水造壁性
在井中液体压力差的作用下,泥浆中的自由水通过井壁孔隙或裂 隙向地层中渗透,称为泥浆的失水。失水的同时,泥浆中的固相 颗粒附着在井壁上形成泥皮(泥饼),称为造壁。
➢ 水,作为水基钻井液的分散介质,在钻井液中以三种形态存 在,即化学结合水、吸附水和自由水。
钻井液中膨润土分散状态图
Dispersion:分散 Flocculation:絮凝 Aggregation:聚结
11. The Bridging
1. An external filter cake(外泥饼)Process
on the walls of the borehole.
2. An internal filter cake(内泥饼),
Mud solids are filtered out onto the walls of the hole, forming a cake of relatively low permeability(渗透
率), through which only filtrate(滤液) can pass.
the formation.
Fig.4-6 Invasion of a permeable formation by mud solids.