2015北京科技大学考博英语真题模拟试题

2015年北京科技大学考博英语词汇真题模拟（4）1. We have taken all the _____ we can against the painting being stolen.A. precautionsB. admissionsC. concessionsD. transactions2. Lying here in the sun is a very pleasant way to _____ the afternoon.A. give awayB. pass awayC. while awayD. fade away3. Nothing would _____ Elizabeth to give up the cause of education.A. induceB. deduceC. reduceD. seduce4. He was usually very kind so that his sudden _____ greatly surprised us.A. heartinessB. unhappinessC. harshnessD. uprightness5. Robert did not hear the bell because he was completely _____ in his reading.A. receivedB. suspendedC. confirmedD. absorbed（ＰＳ：The way to contact yumingkaobo TEL：四零零 六六八 六九七八）答案：1. A 参考译文：为了防范那幅画被偷，我们采取了一切措施。

precaution 预防, 警惕, 防范admission 允许进入, 承认某事之陈述, 供认concession 让步transaction 办理, 处理, 会报, 学报, 交易, 事务, 处理事务2. C 参考译文：躺在这里晒太阳是一种令人愉快的消磨下午时间的方式。

北京科技大学考博英语真题及其精解1.The studies show that the driver who has consumed an amount of alcohol within the limit is likely to have an automobile accident than the driver who does not take any alcohol.A.not soB.not muchC.no lessD.no more2.If someone is dying of cancer and begging to be put out of his or her misery,and someone gives that person a deadly dose of morphine, that seems merciful criminal.A.neverthelessB.otherwiseC.or elseD.rather than3.When we arrived,he found the aged and the sick at home.A.none butB.none other thanC.nothing butD.no other than4.I hope all the precautions against air pollution,are suggested by the local government,will be seriously considered here.A.asB.whileC.afterD.since5.Most of is on American television are programs designed to appeal to people who go into the supermarkets and buy the products that are advertised on TV.A.whichB.thatC.whateverD.what6.To understand the situation completely requires more thought than thus far.A.has givenB.was givenC.being givenD.has been given7.Of great significance the nation-wide movement is the Geng duoyuan xiao wan zheng kao bo ying yu zhen ti ji qi jie xi qing lian xi quan guo mian fei zi xun dian hua:si ling ling liu liu ba liu jiu qi ba,huo jia zi xun qq:qi qi er liu qi ba wu san qi Kampuchean people in their heroic struggle against the aggression of the Vietnamese.A.to supportB.for supportingC.supportingD.of supporting8.Many farmers came to the city,jobs and for all the other legendary opportunities of life in the city.A.looking forB.to look forC.having looked forD.looked for9.It is requested that an applicant whose undergraduate work is done at another institution two copies of undergraduate transcripts and degrees directly to the dean of the graduate school.A.must sendB.sendC.are to sendD.need send10.You her in her office last Friday;she’s been out of town for two weeks.A.needn’t have seenB.might have seenC.must have seenD.can’t have seen答案解析：1.Dno more…than…“不比……更……”。

2015年北京科技大学翻译硕士英语翻译基础考研真题1英汉词语互译埃博拉金砖国家亚太经合组织IPCC新常态abenomics.......2英译汉外国说中国政治体制不好，但实际证明中国政治体制很好3英译汉奥巴马在上海的演讲，截取了一部分4汉译英教师节，文化5汉译英和为贵，和而不同，横看成岭侧成峰※翻译技巧[6]成语、典故的翻译许多成语、典故蕴意很深，且含意与字面意相差甚远，译员如果处理不好，就有可能使听众"丈二和尚摸不着头脑"，不仅达不到讲话人所要表达的效果，且有可能适得其反。

一般情况下，在不影响理解的前提下，对成语、典故的翻译只要能表达出其主要意思即可，但若是语境中需要听众完全了解其字面意与蕴含意，就得解释一番了。

比如"塞翁失马"一般可以译成"Misfortune may prove a blessing in disguise."但在必要时，则可以简单讲一下这个典故："This is an allusion to a story popular for more than2,000years in China. It's about an old man at the frontier who lost his horse…"当然，还有一种比较理想的情况，就是译语中可以找到与原语相对应的表达法，这时，只要将其替代即可。

如"班门弄斧"与"to teach one's grandmother to suck eggs"，"半斤八两"与"six of one and half a dozen of the other"，"画蛇添足"与"to paint the lily"，等等。

※翻译技巧[7]浅谈定语从句的译法英汉两种语言的最基本的语序是SVO（subject+verb+object），但我们在翻译复杂句时，两种语言的语序所存在的差异则给翻译带来不少困难。

北京科技大学考博英语真题及其解析SectionⅠUse of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on ANSWER SHEET1.(10points) As former colonists of Great Britain,the Founding Fathers of the United States adopted much of the legal system of Great Britain.We have a“common law”,or law made by courts1a monarch or other central governmental2like a legislature.The jury,a3of ordinary citizens chosen to decide a case,is an4part of our common-law system.Use of juries to decide cases is a5feature of the American legal system.Few other countries in the world use juries as we do in the United States.6the centuries,many people have believed that juries in most cases reach a fairer and more just result7would be obtained using a judge8,as many countries do.9a jury decides cases after “10”，or discussions among a group of people,the jury’s decision is likely to have the11from many different people from different backgrounds,who must as a group decide what is right.Geng duo yuan xiao zhen ti ji qi jie xi qing lian xi quan guo mian fei zi xun dian hua:si ling ling liu liu ba liu jiu qi ba,huo jia zi xun qq:qi qi er liu qi ba wu san qi.Juries are used in both civil cases,which decide12among13 citizens,and criminal cases,which decide cases brought by the government14that individuals have committed crimes.Juries areselected from the U.S.citizens and15.Jurors,consisting of16 numbers,are called for each case requiring a jury.The judge17to the case18the selection of jurors to serve as the jury for that case.In some states,19jurors are questioned by the judge;in others,they are questioned by the lawyers representing the20under rules dictated by state law.1.[A]other than[B]rather than[C]more than[D]or rather2.[A]agency[B]organization[C]institution[D]authority3.[A]panel[B]crew[C]band[D]flock4.[A]innate[B]intact[C]integral[D]integrated5.[A]discriminating[B]distinguishing[C]determining[D]diminishing6.[A]In[B]By[C]After[D]Over7.[A]that[B]which[C]than[D]as8.[A]alike[B]alone[C]altogether[D]apart9.[A]Although[B]Because[C]If[D]While10.[A]deliberations[B]meditations[C]reflections[D]speculations11.[A]outline[B]outcome[C]input[D]intake12.[A]arguments[B]controversies[C]disputes[D]hostilities13.[A]fellow[B]individual[C]personal[D]private14.[A]asserting[B]alleging[C]maintaining[D]testifying15.[A]summoned[B]evoked[C]rallied[D]assembled16.[A]set[B]exact[C]given[D]placed17.[A]allocated[B]allotted[C]appointed[D]assigned18.[A]administers[B]manages[C]oversees[D]presides19.[A]inspective[B]irrespective[C]perspective[D]prospective20.[A]bodies[B]parties[C]sides[D]unitsSectionⅡReading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B,C or D.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(40points)Text OneIt’s plain common sense—the more happiness you feel,the less unhappiness you experience.It’s plain common sense,but it’s not true.Recent research reveals that happiness and unhappiness are not really two sides of the same emotion.They are two distinct feelings that,coexisting,rise and fall independently.People might think that the higher a person’s level of unhappiness,the lower their level of happiness and vice versa.But when researchers measure people’s average levels of happiness and unhappiness,they often find little relationship between the two.The recognition that feelings of happiness and unhappiness can co-exist much like love and hate in a close relationship may offer valuable clues on how to lead a happier life.It suggests,for example, that changing or avoiding things that make you miserable may well make you less miserable,but probably won’t make you any happier.Thatadvice is backed up by an extraordinary series of studies which indicate that a genetic predisposition for unhappiness may run in certain families.On the other hand,researchers have found happiness doesn’t appear to be anyone’s heritage.The capacity for joy is a talent you develop largely for yourself.Psychologists have settled on a working definition of the feeling—happiness is a sense of subjective well-being.They have also begun to find out who’s happy,who isn’t and why.To date,the research hasn’t found a simple formula for a happy life,but it has discovered some of the actions and attitudes that seem to bring people closer to that most desired of feelings.Why is unhappiness less influenced by environment?When we are happy,we are more responsive to people and keep up connections better than when we are feeling sad.This doesn’t mean,however,that some people are born to be sad and that’s that.Genes may predispose one to unhappiness,but disposition can be influenced by personal choice. You can increase your happiness through your own actions.21.According to the text,it is true that[A]unhappiness is more inherited than affected by environment.[B]happiness and unhappiness are mutually conditional.[C]unhappiness is subject to external more than internal factors.[D]happiness is an uncontrollable subjective feeling.22.The author argues that one can achieve happiness by[A]maintaining it at an average level.[B]escaping miserable occurrences in life.[C]pursuing it with one’s painstaking effort.[D]realizing its coexistence with unhappiness.23.The phrase“To date”(Para.4)can be best replaced by[A]As a result.[B]In addition.[C]At present.[D]Until now.24.What do you think the author believes about happiness and unhappiness?[A]One feels unhappy owing to his miserable origin.[B]They are independent but existing concurrently[C]One feels happy by participating in more activities.[D]They are actions and attitudes taken by human beings.25.The sentence“That’s that”(Para.5)probably means:Some people are born to be sad[A]and the situation cannot be altered.[B]and happiness remains inaccessible.[C]but they don’t think much about it.[D]but they remain unconscious of it.Text TwoWhat are the characteristics of a mediator?Foremost,the mediator needs to be seen as a respected neutral,objective thirdparty who is capable of weighing out fairness in the resolution of a conflict.The mediator must be trusted by both parties to come up with a solution that will protect them from shame.While the central issue is justice,the outcome needs to be win-win,no losers.The abilities to listen impartially,suspend judgment,and accurately gather and assess information are other important characteristics. Finally,to function effectively the mediator must have power (financial,status,position),so that both parties will take seriously and abide by the mediator’s judgment.If one party refused to cooperate,he or she should fear the possibility of being shamed and losing face before the mediator and the whole community.If that real possibility does not enter the minds of both parties,the mediator will be ineffective.In several countries mediators are still used to find a bride for a ually this is a job for the parents,and they in turn employ the services of a mediator.Because this event takes much planning, the parents will try to identify the mediator well in advance.Since these services sometimes require reward,money must be saved.Or in some cases parents try to do a number of favors for the mediator so that he or she will feel indebtedness and perform the service as a kind of repayment.The parents will try to get the most influential mediator possible, to boost their chances of being approved by the potential bride’s parents.The young woman’s parents will not want to risk shame byturning down a request from such an important person—so the reasoning goes.Of course,the higher-ranked the mediator,the higher the cost of the services.Complicating the process is the fact that turning down the mediator is also a slight of the potential groom and his parents,which will likely generate conflict between the families.If the parties are not careful,the entire community can take sides.One way to alleviate this eventuality is for the young woman’s family to identify a flaw that would make her a less desirable prospect.They might say,“She is sickly.”or“She may not be able to bear children.”Although none of these statements may be true,and probably everyone knows they aren’t,they do provide a way for the young man’s parents to withdraw their request for a perfectly legitimate reason.Everyone saves face,at least at the surface,and peace is preserved.26.The characteristics of a mediator include all of the following except[A]unbiased judgment of arguments.[B]hard prudence in decision-making.[C]impartial treatment to a conflict.[D]remarkable insight into controversies.27.The author deems it important for a mediator[A]to be quite wealthy and considerate.[B]to be powerful to shame either party.[C]to justify the solution of a conflict.[D]to have high status to fear arguers.28.In some courtiers,young people’s marriage[A]is independent of their parents’will.[B]needs careful valuation in advance.[C]costs a small fortune of their family.[D]is usually facilitated by a mediator.29.The request of the groom’s parents may be turned down unless[A]they manage to hire a qualified mediator.[B]they make their best choice at all risks.[C]the young woman’s parents want to lose face.D]the bride’s parents dare to offend the mediator.30.It may be the best way to resolve a conflict for[A]the entire community to offer support.[B]a mediator to be identified by both sides.[C]the outcome of mediation to be acceptable.[D]a valid excuse to spare both sides’blushes.Text ThreeThe Internet,like its network predecessors,has turned out to be far more social than television,and in this respect,the impact of the Internet may be more like that of the telephone than of TV. Our research has shown that interpersonal communication is the dominant use of the Internet at home.That people use the Internet mainly for interpersonal communication,however,does not imply thattheir social interactions and relationships on the Internet are the same as their traditional social interactions and relationships,or that their social uses of the Internet will have effects comparable to traditional social activity.Whether social uses of the Internet have positive or negative effects may depend on how the Internet shapes the balance of strong and weak network ties that people maintain.Strong ties are relationships associated with frequent contact,deep feelings of affection and obligation,whereas weak ties are relationships with superficial and easily broken bonds,infrequent contact,and narrow focus.Strong and weak ties alike provide people with social support. Weak ties including weak online ties,are especially useful for linking people to information and social resources unavailable in people’s closest,local groups.Nonetheless,strong social ties are the relationships that generally buffer people from life’s stresses and that lead to better social and psychological outcomes.People receive most of their social support from people with whom they are in most frequent contact,and bigger favors come from those with stronger ties.Generally,strong personal ties are supported by physical proximity.The Internet potentially reduces the importance of physical proximity in creating and maintaining networks of strong social ties.Unlike face-to-face interaction or even the telephone, the Internet offers opportunities for social interactions that do notdepend on the distance between parties.People often use the Internet to keep up with those with whom they have preexisting relationships. But they also develop new relationships on-line.Most of these new relationships are weak.MUDs,newsgroups,and chat rooms put people in contact with a pool of new groups,but these on-line“mixers”are typically organized around specific topics,or activities,and rarely revolve around local community and close family and friends.Whether a typical relationship developed on-line becomes as strong as a typical traditional relationship and whether having on-line relationships changes the number or quality of a person’s total social involvements are open questions.Empirical evidence about the impact of the Internet on relationships and social involvement is sparse.Many authors have debated whether the Internet will promote community or undercut it.Much of this discussion has been speculative and anecdotal,or is based on cross-sectional data with small samples.31.The text is mainly about[A]the dominance of interpersonal communication.[B]strong and weak personal ties over the Internet.[C]the difference between old and modern relationships.[D]an empirical research on the Internet and its impact.32.It is implied in the text that[A]the Internet interactions can rival traditional ones.[B]television is inferior to telephone in social effect.[C]strong links are far more valid than weak ones.[D]the Internet features every home and community.33.The word“buffer”(Para.2)can probably be replaced by[A]deviate.[B]alleviate.[C]shield.[D]distract.34.According to the author,the Internet can[A]eliminate the hindrance of the distance.[B]weaken the intimate feelings among people.[C]provide people with close physical contacts.[D]enhance our ability to remove social stresses.35.From the text we can infer that[A]the evidence for the effect of the Internet seems abundant.[B]the social impact of the Internet has been barely studied enough.[C]some discussions are conclusive about the function of the Internet.[D]random samples have witnessed the positive influence of the Internet.Text FourLeadership is hardly a new area of research,of course.For years, academics have debated whether leaders are born or made,whether a person who lacks charisma(capacity to inspire devotion and enthusiasm)can become a leader,and what makes leaders fail.Warren G.Bennis,possibly the possibly the world’s foremost expert on leading,has,together with his co-author,written two best-sellerson the topic.Generally,researchers have found that you can’t explain leadership by way of intelligence,birth order,family wealth or stability,level of education,race,or sex.From one leader to the next,there’s enormous variance in every one of those factors.The authors’research led to a new and telling discovery:that every leader,regardless of age,had undergone at least one intense, transformational experience—what the authors call a“crucible”(severe test).These events can either make you or break you.For emerging leaders,they do more making than breaking,providing key lessons to help a person move ahead confidently.If a crucible helps a person to become leader,there are four essential qualities that allow someone to remain one,according to the authors.They are:an“adaptive capacity”that lets people not only survive inevitable setbacks,heartbreaks,and difficulties but also learn from them;an ability to engage others through shared meaning or a common vision;a distinctive and compelling voice that communicates one’s conviction and desire to do the right thing;and a sense of integrity that allows a leader to distinguish between good and evil.That sounds obvious enough to be commonplace,until you look at some recent failures that show how valid these dictums(formal statements of opinion)are.The authors believe that former Coca-Cola Co.Chairman M.Douglas Ivester lasted just28months because“his grasp of context was sorrowful.”Among other things,Ivesterdegraded Coke’s highest-ranking African-American even as the company was losing a$200million class action brought by black employees.Procter&Gamble Co.ex-CEO Durk Jager lost his job because he failed to communicate the urgent need for the sweeping changes he was making.It’s striking,too,that the authors found their geezers(whose formative period,as the authors define them,was1945to1954,and who were shaped by World War II)sharing what they believed to be a critical trait—the sense of possibility and wonder more often associated with childhood.“Unlike those defeated by time and age,our geezers have remained much like our geeks (who came of age between1991and2000,and grew up“virtual,visual, and digital”)—open,willing to take risks,hungry for knowledge and experience,courageous,and eager to see what the new day brings”, the authors write.36.The text indicates that leadership research[A]has been a controversial study for years.[B]predicts how a leader comes to be.[C]defines the likelihood to be a leader.[D]probes the mysteries of leadership.37.According to Bennis,the trait shared by leaders consists of[A]top levels of intelligence and education and devotion.[B]remarkable ability to encourage people with loyalty and hope.[C]striking qualities of going through serious trials andsufferings.[D]strong personalities that arouse admiration and confidence.38.The favorable effect of a crucible depends on whether a leader[A]proves himself/herself to be a newly emergent one.[B]accepts it as a useful experience for progress.[C]shrinks back from tiring and trying experiences.[D]draws important lessons for his/her followers.39.A leader can hardly maintain his/her position unless he/she[A]fulfils all necessary quality requirements.[B]helps people to prevent defeats and sorrows.[C]fails to attract people with common concerns.[D]lacks appealing and strength of character.40.The authors’dictums can be justified by the fact that[A]Douglas Ivester defeated a highest-ranking black employee in a suit.[B]Durk Jager was dismissed owing to his poor communicating ability.[C]Geezers couldn’t erase the brands stamped in childhood.[D]Geeks are sensible enough to meet dangers and challenges.Part BDirections:You are going to read a list of headings and a text. Choose the most suitable heading from the list A-F for each numbered paragraph(41-45).The first and last paragraphs of the text are not numbered.There is one extra heading which you do not need to use.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10points)[A]Physical Changes[B]Low Self-Esteem[C]Emerging Independence and Search for Identity[D]Emotional Turbulence[E]Interest in the Opposite Sex[F]Peer Pressure and ConformityThe transition to adulthood is difficult.Rapid physical growth begins in early adolescence—typically between the ages of9and 13—and thought processes start to take on adult characteristics. Many youngsters find these changes distressing because they do not fully understand what is happening to them.Fears and anxieties can be put to rest by simply keeping an open line of communication and preparing for change before it occurs.The main issues that arise during adolescence are:(41)__________A child’s self worth is particularly fragile during adolescence. Teenagers often struggle with an overwhelming sense that nobody likes them,that they’re not as good as other people,that they are failures, losers,ugly or unintelligent.(42)__________Some form of bodily dissatisfaction is common among pre-teens. If dissatisfaction is great,it may cause them to become shy or very easily embarrassed.In other cases,teens may act the opposite—loudand angry—in an effort to compensate for feelings ofself-consciousness and inferiority.As alarming as these bodily changes can be,adolescents may find it equally distressing to not experience the changes at the same time as their te maturation can cause feelings of inferiority and awkwardness.(43)__________Young people feel more strongly about everything during adolescence.Fears become more frightening,pleasures become more exciting,irritations become more distressing and frustrations become more intolerable.Every experience appears king-sized during adolescence.Youngsters having a difficult adolescence may become seriously depressed and/or engage in self-destructive behavior. Often,the first clue that a teenager needs professional help is a deep-rooted shift in attitude and behavior.Parents should be alert to the warning signs of personality change indicating that a teenager needs help.They include repeated school absences,slumping grades, use of alcohol or illegal substances,hostile or dangerous behavior and extreme withdrawal and reclusiveness.(44)__________There is tremendous pressure on adolescents to conform to the standards of their peers.This pressure toward conformity can be dangerous in that it applies not only to clothing and hairstyles;it may lead them to do things that they know are wrong.(45)__________Adolescence marks a period of increasing independence that often leads to conflict between teenagers and parents.This tension is a normal part of growing up—and for parents,a normal part of the letting-go process.Another normal part of adolescence is confusion over values and beliefs.This time of questioning is important as young people examine the values they have been taught and begin to embrace their own beliefs.Though they may adopt the same beliefs as their parents,discovering them on their own enables the young person to develop a sense of integrity.Although adolescence will present challenges for young people and their parents,awareness and communication can help pave the way for a smooth transition into this exciting phase of life.Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2.(10points)Culture shock might be called an occupational disease of people who have been suddenly transplanted abroad.Like most ailments,it has its own symptoms and cure.Culture shock is precipitated by the anxiety that results from losing all our familiar signs and symbols of social intercourse.Those signs or cues include the thousand and one ways in which we orient ourselves to the situation of daily life:when to shake hands and what to say when we meet people,when and how to give tips,how to makepurchases,when to accept and when to refuse invitations,when to take statements seriously and when not.46)These cues,which may be words, gestures,facial expressions,customs,or norms,are acquired by all of us in the course of growing up and are as much a part of our culture as the language we speak or the beliefs we accept.47)All of us depend for our peace of mind and our efficiency on hundreds of these cues, most of which we do not carry on the level of conscious awareness.Now when an individual enters a strange culture,all or most of these familiar cues are removed.He or she is like a fish out of water.48)No matter how broad-minded or full of goodwill you may be,a series of props(支柱)have been knocked from under you,followed by a feeling of frustration and anxiety.People react to the frustration in much the same way.First they reject the environment which causes the discomfort.“The ways of the host country are bad because they make us feel bad.”49)When foreigners in a strange land get together to grouse about the host country and its people,you can be sure they are suffering from culture shock.Another phase of culture shock is regression.The home environment suddenly assumes a tremendous importance.To the foreigner everything becomes irrationally glorified.All the difficulties and problems are forgotten and only the good things back home are remembered.It usually takes trip home to bring one back to reality.Individuals differ greatly in the degree in which culture shock affects them.Although not common,there are individuals who cannotlive in foreign countries.Those who have seen people go through a serious case of culture shock and on to a satisfactory adjustment can discern steps in the process.During the first few weeks most individuals are fascinated by the new.They stay in hotels and associate with nationals who speak their language and are polite and gracious to foreigners.This honeymoon stage may last from a few days or weeks to six months depending on circumstances.50)If one is a very important person he or she will be taken to the show places,will be pampered and petted,and in a press interview will speak glowingly about progress,goodwill,and international friendship.If he returns home may well write a book about his pleasant if superficial experience abroad.SectionⅢWriting51.Directions:Study the following drawing carefully and write an essay to1)describe the drawing,2)deduce the purpose of the painter of the drawing,and3)suggest counter-measures.You should write about160—200words neatly ANSWER SHEET2.(20 points)答案详解：Section I答案及解析答案详解1.【解析】[B]逻辑衔接题。

5、关于成绩 北科大各个学院对复试线进行了规定，一般的（1）硕博连读考生和申请-考核制 考生：外语水平考核、专业水平考核及综合素质考核均不低于 60 分。 （2）公开招考考生：总成绩（600 分）=初试成绩（300 分）+复试成绩（300 分）。 初试成绩不低于 180 分，其中，基础外语不低于 50 分，专业课不低于 55 分。复试外语 水平考核、专业水平考核和综合素质考核均不低于 60 分。 育明教育考博分校解析：针对北京科技大学的初试和复试，育明教育有着非常完善 的体系来进行辅导，相信一定可以帮助学员考上心仪的学校。 6、特殊培养 （1）联合培养 北科大与钢铁研究总院、北京有色金属研究院、机械科学研究总院、北京矿冶研究 总院及电信科学技术研究院等科研院所联合培养博士研究生，考试方式采取“申请考核 制”。与科研院所联合培养博士研究生，第一导师为北科大指导教师的，学费、奖助学 金等事项均按北科大奖助学金规定执行；第一导师为科研院所指导教师的，非定向就业
育明 考博分校 资料来源： 中央民族大学考博资料、辅导课程咨询育明考博李老师
制的考生需满足硕士就读学校为国家“211 工程”重点建设高校或国外高水平大学，学 业基础好，科研能力强或在某一领域或某些方面具有特殊学术专长或重要学术成果，并 拥有相应的英语水平证明，报考类别应为非定向就业。以普通招考、硕博连读方式录取 的博士研究生的学制为 3 年，学士直接攻读博士学位研究生的学制为 5 年。
育明教育考博分校解析：硕博连读必须是硕士阶段就读于北科，每年 12 月份选拔。 本科直博是从全国重点高校中选拔，每年 10 月份左右选拔。统考和申请考核制是每年 三月份进行，其中申请考核制需要大家递交很多材料，最为重要的是学术科研成果和英 语成绩等级证明。
4、关于考试科目 （1）初试： ①基础外语：英语、俄语、日语等，自己选一门或按照报考老师要求选 一门。 育明教育考博分校解析：中央民族大学的考博英语难度介于六级和老托福之间，对 词汇量的要求非常高，每一年有相当一批考生因为英语单科不过 50 分而受限。考日语 和俄语要比考英语有优势，有这两门语言功底的考生，可以选择考博日语或者考博俄语。 ②专业课两门 育明教育考博分校解析：考博就是考专业课，专业课定生死。对于专业课的复习， 可不仅仅是看看参考书就可以的。对于专业课，大家应该找对参考书目、找好资料、加 上合理的规划和到位的辅导，考博成功是没有问题的。 ③思想政治理论课（自然辩证法）：应届硕士毕业生和已获得硕士学位者可以免试。 同等学力人员须同时满足以下 3 个条件方可报考：Ⅰ 获得学士学位 6 年以上（含 6 年， 从获得学士学位之日起至博士入学之日），达到与硕士毕业生同等学力；Ⅱ 修完与所 报考专业相同或相近硕士学位的全部课程且成绩合格（须提供加盖研究生培养部门公章 的成绩单）Ⅲ 近三年（从发表文章到博士报名结束之日）已在所要报考学科或相近研 究领域的全国中文核心期刊上发表过两篇以上（含两篇）的学术论文（署名前二名），

考博英语模拟试卷118(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. Structure and V ocabulary 2. Grammar 3. Reading Comprehension Structure and V ocabulary1．With her last child having left home, she felt a ______ need to fill her time.A．tenseB．thoroughC．pressingD．small正确答案：C2．it is generally thought that as teachers work with students, psychology course work is ______ to teacher-training.A．indispensableB．inviolateC．indisposedD．invariable正确答案：A3．The announcement of the death of their leader caused thereafter a feeling of great despair to ______ their lives.A．overflowB．scatterC．permeateD．manipulate正确答案：C4．Fear of pirate ______ led the French to fortify their coastline.A．excursionsB．incursionsC．transmigrationsD．transmogrifications正确答案：B5．During the oil crisis of the 1970s, many states ______ speed limits to reduce gasoline use.A．implantedB．imposedC．impairedD．impressed正确答案：B6．Over-taxation, many argue, impedes initiative, so that government income may actually ______.A．mushroomB．capsizeC．shrinkD．dispel正确答案：C7．The assassin hid himself carefully from view before ______ his future victim.A．drawing fromB．drawing upC．drawing withD．drawing on正确答案：D8．He never exerts himself to aid those trying to ______ a difficult situation.A．rectifyB．modifyC．solidifyD．verify正确答案：A9．His alibi was fishy, yet ______ to close scrutiny.A．stood stillB．withstoodC．stood upD．stood off正确答案：C10．Practitioners of law and medicine are esteemed in many countries which seems to indicate that ______ depends on profession or title.A．prestigeB．superiorityC．privilegeD．merit正确答案：A11．The majority of the observers at the conference, in contradistinction to the delegates, were opposed to ratification.A．adjournmentB．distributionC．tablingD．approval正确答案：D12．Although it was none of my business I asked her if the one she was lamenting for was in any way kin.A．speaking forB．running risks forC．pleading forD．mourning for正确答案：D13．I could never spend the time that he does pouring over sports magazines, compiling intricate lists, and calculating averages.A．delicateB．incomprehensibleC．meaninglessD．complicated正确答案：D14．In England, Latin appears never to have superseded the old Gaelic speech among the people.A．joinedB．replacedC．influencedD．given way to正确答案：B15．Landslides triggered by heavy rainfall impeded our best attempts at rescuing the victims.A．encouragedB．hinderedC．nullifiedD．crowned正确答案：B16．Death ensued as a result of suffocation.A．heart failureB．an accidentC．diseaseD．asphyxiation正确答案：D17．We must safeguard against coerced confessions.A．bribedB．emotionalC．unprofitableD．forced正确答案：D18．My attention was engaged by the article’s caption.A．graphB．authorC．contentsD．title正确答案：D19．The report was unusual in that it insinuated corruption on the part of the minister.A．deniedB．suggestedC．proposedD．stated正确答案：B20．When a newspaper prints an inaccurate date for an event, universal chagrin results.A．discomfitureB．amusementC．reprisalD．loss of profit正确答案：AGrammar21．______ sugar ______ salt is oil water.A．Not as... asB．No more than... asC．Not more than... isD．Not more than... as正确答案：B22．His mother frequently denies him permission to do things, and that is ______.A．everB．thisC．thatD．over正确答案：C23．The staff in pediatrics ______ rushed whereas the geriatric ward is not busy at all.A．is nearly alwaysB．nearly is alwaysC．always is nearlyD．is always nearly正确答案：A24．Anais Nin’s diaries are often scandalous, probably because she describes herself as she is rather than ______.A．others define herB．as others define herC．her definition by othersD．she is defined by others正确答案：B25．______ , the mayor conceded defeat in his bid for re-election.A．Having racked up a lead of some 150000 votesB．Having been racked up a lead of some 150000 votesC．His opponent having racked up a lead of some 150000 votesD．His opponent racking up a lead of some 150000 votes正确答案：C26．Never has a scientific explanation emerged, ______ someone somewhere has objected to it.A．thatB．whichC．whomD．but正确答案：D27．Your mentor and friend ______ to support me in my financial, undertaking.A．have consentedB．has consentedC．have been consentingD．are consented正确答案：B28．Due in large part to the complexity of its structure--over two hundred bones ______ together by ligaments--the human skeleton is a marvel of architectural construction.A．bindingB．boundC．boundedD．bind正确答案：B29．In as much as a year does not elapse without a certain number of villagers falling victim to the ferocity of a tiger, its roar is ______ heard by the natives ______ feelings of terror.A．not... withB．not... withoutC．seldom... withD．always... without正确答案：B30．I regret to say that your thesis requires more thinking than ______ for the problem is exceedingly complex.A．to be put inB．has been put inC．being put inD．have been put in正确答案：B31．One of the (more intriguing) theories about the destruction of Ur is his contention that the population (may destroy) their ziggurats and (abandoned) their metropolis in anger against the deities that permitted (so long) a famine.A．more intriguingB．may destroyC．abandonedD．so long正确答案：B32．In the bush, the ill (took it to be) only logical (if) the one who could dure an illness (should also possess) the ability of causing it, and (that) even at a distance.A．took it to beB．ifC．should also possessD．that正确答案：B33．Ores which (are occurred) naturally (as) elements, such as gold (are of) extreme rarity and (are occasionally) of high value.A．are occurredB．asC．are ofD．are occasionally正确答案：A34．Unless (they are so permitted) by the attending (physician), no visitors or relatives (can) enter, the (patient’s) roomA．they are so permittedB．physicianC．canD．patient’s正确答案：C35． A rigorous alertness (must be) (adhered) when (notetaking) with the inessential ignored (and) the superfluous eliminated.A．must beB．adheredC．notetakingD．and正确答案：B36．It is (largely) through perspiration, (or) the evaporation of water (through) the pores, that humans(rid them) of excess moisture.A．largelyB．orC．throughD．rid them正确答案：D37．(Provided) the computer is (given) correct information (to start), accuracy (is) another outstanding advantage.A．ProvidedB．givenC．to startD．is正确答案：C38．And (so early) every morning (therefore), but not before the infant (bathed), (did she betake) herself to the outhouse.A．so earlyB．thereforeC．bathedD．did she betake正确答案：C39．He (stood) on tiptoe, (stretching) as far as he could, (however), still, he (could not reach) the book.A．stoodB．stretchingC．howeverD．could not reach正确答案：C40．(As gentle as possible), and (with help from) an assistant, the veterinarian examined the hippo to determine (if) (she) was pregnant.A．As gentle as possibleB．with help fromC．ifD．she正确答案：AReading ComprehensionResearchers disagree whether the “use it or lose it”philosophy holds for cognitive aging, but there is one evidence that keeping mentally active can slow age-related declines. At Pennsylvania State University, Sherry Willis and her husband, K. Warner Schaie, have studied 5000 people, some since 1956. People lucky enough to avoid chronic diseases may also fare better in intellectual function, they find, perhaps because chronic diseases can restrict lifestyle and reduce mental stimulation. Similarly, those lucky enough to be relatively affluent also fare better, perhaps because money can buy intellectually stimulating things like travel. Education helps, too, researchers say because of instills the conviction that you can always learn something new. The Schaie-Willis team also has some other observations. Being in a stable marriage with a stimulating spouse, they say, helps maintain intellectual vigor. Flexibility counts too. People who stay mentally vibrant are often those who do not insist that “they must do things today as they did before”Schaie says. In neuropsychological terms, the ability to see problems in new ways often yields higher scores on tests of-mental function. And people satisfied with life also stay more mentally fit, he says. If you find your mental skills sagging, consider working on specific deficits. When Willis gave 5-hour tutorials on inductive reasoning or spatial skills to about 200 people whose skills had declined in the previous 14 years, 40 percent regained lost abilities. That advantage held up seven years late when they were retested. Other ways to stay sharp, Schaie says, are doing jigsaw puzzles to hone visuo-spatial skills, working crossword puzzles for verbal skills, playing bridge for memory and simply matching wits at home with players on TV game shows. Finally, remember this. Even though you may lose some mental skills with normal aging, you also gain in one key area: wisdom. The growth of wisdom continues throughout the 40s, 50s and even 60s.41．In the passage, the author mainly discuss ______.A．the role mental stimulation in preventing mental aging,B．gradual loss of mental skills with normal aging.C．the relationship between mental function and spatial skills.D．effective ways to keep intellectual vigor.正确答案：D42．The word “it” in the saying “use it or lose it” (paragraph 1) refer to ______.A．brain powerB．cognitive developmentC．mental stimulatingD．intellectual function正确答案：A43．According ;to the researchers, which of the following factors affects cognitive aging?A．EducationB．Chronic illnessC．Standard of livingD．All of the above正确答案：D44．From this passage we may safely infer that ______ might help prevent mental declines.A．physical exercisesB．social interconnectionsC．rigid daily routinesD．a healthy diet正确答案：A45．According to the author, all of the following can truly be said about wisdom EXCEPT that ______.A．wisdom may be thought of as a special form of abilities and knowledge completely developed with life experience.B．wisdom may still grow even when the process of mental aging started.C．wisdom is superior in importance to mental skills such as inductive reasoning and spatial skills.D．wisdom makes up an important part of brain power.正确答案：CGeneration gaps are nothing new. Imperfect communication between age groups plagued the ancient Greeks and current works alike. Many an older worker chafes at an under-30 colleague who surfs the Internet, listens to his Sony Walkman and chats on the phone or with his desk mate, all while working on a projectdue in an hour. Sometimes, of course, he isn’t corking, and that’s a whole different issue. But sometimes he is getting lots of great stuff done. In the meantime, the different work styles create a case of “Would you please shut up” vs. “Lighten up. Get a life”Marc Prensky, vice president of Bankers Trust and founder of its interactive learning subsidiary, Corporate Gameware, was on point in Across the board, a publication of the conference board. The business research organization titled Prensky’s article “Twitch Speed,”a reference to the fast pace of video game play. Today under-30 workers likely grew up in a multimedia, technology-rich, twitch-speed environment. Prensky says they simultaneously did homework, watched TV and listened to music; this exposure changed the ways they receive and process information. Baby boomers and older workers may or may not have done homework by TV, but much else has changed. Sociologists say the over-30s are more likely to want room doors close. TV off, one thing happening at a time, quiet, please! When the two heritages clash in the workplace, it pits comfort with speed and “multitasking”against comfort with deliberation and focused concentration. Sound familiar? If the gap has become a chasm in your workplace, it’s time to talk. Both work styles can be productive, but both sides need to make accommodations so the other’s productivity isn’t impaired.46．This passage is mainly talking about ______.A．generation gapsB．work styles of different age groupsC．lack of mutual understanding between the old and the youngD．imperfect communication between old and young workers正确答案：B47．From the context we may figure out that the word “plagued” (paragraph 1 ) means ______.A．annoyedB．infectedC．damagedD．affected正确答案：C48．According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?A．Older workers often feel annoyed about their young colleagues’attitudes towards work.B．Younger workers always do a good job of their work though they prefer to listen to music or chat with others while working.C．The different work styles may sometimes lead to an unnecessary argument.D．Older workers are used to working in a comfortable and quiet environment sothat they can fully concentrate on what they are doing.正确答案：B49．The author agrees with Marc Prensky on the point that younger workers prefer a “multitasking” style because ______.A．they are smart and energeticB．they have the special ability to perform several tasks at the same time.C．brought up in a special cultural background, they have developed a behavioral pattern different from that of their older colleagues.D．they have been trained to receive and process information in a special way.正确答案：C50．The author maintains that both sides should ______ if the two pattern work styles clash headlong.A．be patientB．realize that both work styles are productiveC．make efforts to avoid doing damage to the other’s productivityD．make compromise to bridge the gulf between them正确答案：CA child who has once been pleased with a tale likes, as a rule, to have it retold in identically the same words, but this should not lead parents to treat printed fairy stories as sacred texts. It is always much better to tell a story than read it out of a book, and if a parent can produce what, in the actual circumstances of the time and the individual child, is an improvement on the printed test, so much the better. A charge made against fairy tales is that they harm the child by frightening him or arousing his sadistic impulses. To prove the latter, one would have to show in a controlled experiment that children who have read fairy stories were more often g0.ilty of cruelty than those who had not. Every child has aggressive, destructive, sadistic impulses and, on the whole, their symbolic verbal discharge seems to be rather a safety valve than an incitement to overt action. As to fears, there are I think, well-authenticated cases of children being dangerously terrified by some fairy story. Often, however, this arises form the child having heard the story once. familiarity with the story by repetition turns the pain of fear into other pleasure of the fear faced and mastered. There are also people who object fairy stories on the grounds that they are not objectively true, that faints, witches, two-headed dragons, magic carpets, etc, do not exist, and that, instead of indulging his fantasies in fairy tales, the child should be taught how to adapt to reality by studying history and mechanics. I find such people, I must confess, so unsympathetic and peculiar that I do not know how to argue with them. If their ease were sound, the world should be full of madmen attempting to fly from New York to Philadelphia on a broomstick or covering atelephone with kisses in the belief that it was their enchanted girlfriend. No fairy story ever claimed to be a description of the external work and no sane child had ever believed that it was.51．The author considers that a fairy story is more effective when it is ______.A．repeated without variationB．treated with reverenceC．adapted by the parentD．set in the present正确答案：C52．Some people dislike fairy stories they feel that they ______.A．tempt people to be cruel to childrenB．show the primitive cruelty in childrenC．lend themselves to undesirable experiments with childrenD．increase a tendency by which children’s impulses may be正确答案：D53．Fairy stories are a means by which children’s impulses may be ______.A．beneficially channeledB．given a destructive tendencyC．held back until maturityD．effectively suppressed正确答案：A54．The advantage claimed for repeating fairy stories to young children is that it ______.A．makes them come to terms with their fearsB．develops their power of memoryC．convinces them there is nothing to be afraid ofD．encourages them not to have ridiculous beliefs正确答案：C55．The author’s mention of broomsticks and telephones is meant to suggest that ______.A．fairy stories are still being made upB．there is confusion about different kinds of truthC．people try to modernize old fairy storiesD．there is more concern for children’s fears nowadays正确答案：BNo other country spends what we do per capita for medical care. The care available is among the Best technically, even if used too lavishly and thus dangerously, but none of the countries that stand above us in health status have such a high proportion of medically disenfranchised persons. Given the evidence that medical care is not that valuable and access to care is nor that had, it seems most unlikely that our bad showing is caused By the significant proportion who are poorly served. Other hypotheses have greater explanatory power: excessive poverty, both actual and relative, and excessive affluence. Excessive poverty is probably more prevalent in the U. S. than in any of the countries that have a better infant mortality rate and female life expectancy at birth. This is probably true also for all but four or five of the countries with a longer male life expectancy. In the notably poor counties that exceed us in male survival, difficult living conditions are a more accepted way of life and in several of them, a good basic diet, basic medical care and basic education, and lifelong employment opportunities are an everyday fact of life. In the U. S. a motional unemployment level of 10 percent can be 40 percent in the ghetto while less than 4 percent elsewhere. The countries that have surpassed us in health do not have such severe or entrenched problems. Nor are such a high proportion of their people involve in them. Excessive affluence is not so obvious a cause of ill health, but, at least until recently, few other nations could afford such unhealthful ways of living, excessive intake of animal protein and fats, dangerous intake of alcohol and use of tobacco and drugs (prescribed and proscribed), and dangerous recreational sports and driving habits are all possible only because of affluence. Our heritage, desires, opportunities, and our machismo, combined with the relatively low cost of had foods and speedy vehicles, make us particularly vulnerable to our affluence. And those who are not affluent try harder. Our unacceptable health status, then, will not be improved appreciably by expanded medical resources nor by their redistribution so much as by a general attempt to improve the quality of life for all.56．All of the following are mentioned in the passage as factors affecting the health of the population EXCEPT ______.A．the availability of medical care servicesB．the genetic endowment of individualsC．the nation’s relative position in health statusD．an individual’s own behavior正确答案：C57．The author is primarily concerned with ______.A．condemning the U. S. for its failure to provide better medical care to the poor.B．evaluating the relative significance of factors contributing to the poor healthstatus in the U.S.C．comparing the general health of the U. S. population with world averagesD．advocating specific measures designed to improve the health of U. S. population正确答案：B58．The passage best supports which of the following conclusions about the relationship between per capita expenditure of the health of a population?A．The per capita expenditure for medical care has relatively little effect on the total amount of medical care available to a population.B．The genetic makeup of a population is a more powerful determinant of the health of a population than the per capital expenditure for medical care.C．A population may have very high per capita expenditures for medical care and yet have a lower health status than other populations with lower per capita expenditures.D．The higher the per capita expenditure on medical care, the more advanced is the medical technology; and the more advanced the technology, the better is the health of the population.正确答案：C59．The author refers to the excessive intake of alcohol and tobacco and drug use in order to ______.A．show that some heath problems cannot be attacked by better medical care.B．demonstrate that use of tobacco and intoxicants is detrimental to health.C．cite examples of individual behavior that have adverse consequences for health status.D．illustrate ways in which affluence may contribute to poor health status.正确答案：D60．The passage provides information m answer which of the following questions?A．Which is the most powerful influence on the health status of a population?B．Which nation in the world leads in health status?C．Is the life expectancy of males in the U. S. longer than of females?D．What are the most important genetic factors influencing the health of an individual?正确答案：AIn the 1960s, medical researchers Thomas Holmes and Richard Rahe developed a checklist of stressful events. They appreciated the tricky point that anymajor change can be stressful. Negative events like “serious illness of a family member”were high on the list but so were some positive life-changing events like marriage. When you take the Holmes-Rahe test you must remember that the score does not reflect how you deal with stress, it only shows how much you have chances of staying healthy. By the early 1970s, hundreds of similar studies had followed Holmes and Rahe. And millions of Americans who work and live under stress worried over the reports. Somehow the research got boiled down to a memorable message. Women’s magazines ran headlines like “Stress causes illness.”“If you want to stay physically and mentally healthy,” the articles said, “avoid stressful events.” But such simplistic advice is impossible to follow. Even if stressful events are dangerous, many, like the death of a loved one, are impossible to avoid. Moreover, any warning to avoid all stressful events is a prescription for staying away from opportunities as well as trouble. Since any change can be stressful, a person who wanted to be completely free of stress would never marry, have a child, take a new job or move. The notion that all stress makes you sick also ignores a lot of what we know about people. It assumes we’re all vulnerable and passive in the face of adversity. But what about human initiative and creativity? Many come through periods of stress with more physical and mental vigor than they had before. We also know that a long time without change or challenge can lead to boredom and mental strain.61．The result of Holmes-Rahe’s medical research tell us ______.A．the way you handle major events may cause stressB．what should be done to avoid stressC．what kind of event would cause stressD．how to cope with sudden changes in life正确答案：C62．The studies on stress in the early 1970’s led to ______.A．widespread concern over its harmful effectsB．great panic over the mental disorder it could causeC．intensive research into stress-related illnessesD．popular avoidance of stressful jobs正确答案：A63．The score of the Holmes-Rahe test shows ______.A．how much pressure you are underB．how positive events can change you lifeC．how stressful a major event can beD．how you can deal with life-changing events正确答案：A64．Why is “such simplistic advice” (Line Par A.3) impossible to follow?A．No one can stay on the same job for longB．No prescription is effective in relieving stressC．People have to get married somedayD．You could be missing opportunities as well正确答案：D65．According to the passage people who have experienced ups and downs may become ______.A．nervous when faced with difficultiesB．physically and mentally strainedC．more capable of coping with adversityD．indifferent toward what happens to them正确答案：C“Most episodes of absent-mindedness--forgetting where you lift something or wondering why you just entered a room--are caused by a simple lack of attention,”says Schacter, “you are supposed to remember something but you haven’t encoded deeply.” Encoding, Schacter explains, is a special way of paying attention to an event that has a major impact on recalling it later. Failure to encode properly can create annoying situations. If you put your mobile phone in a pocket, for example, and don’t pay attention to what you did because you are involved in a conversation, you’ll probably forget that the phone is in the jacket now hanging in your wardrobe. “Your memory itself isn’t failing you,” says Schacter, “rather you didn’t give your memory system the information it needed.”Laek of interest can also lead to absent-mindedness. “A man who can recite sports statistics from 30 years ago,” says Zelinski, “may not remember to drop a letter in the mailbox.’ Women have slightly better memories than men possibly because they pay more attention to their environment and memory relies on just that. “Visual cues can help prevent absent-mindedness.”says Schacter. “But be sure the cue is clear and available,”he cautions. If you want to remember to take a medication with lunch, put the pill bottle on the kitchen table--don’t leave it in the medicine chest and write yourself a note that you keep in a pocket. Another common episode of absent-mindedness like walking into a room and wondering why you’re there is most likely because you were thinking about something else. “Everyone does this from time to time,’ says Zelinske. The best thing to do is to return to where you were before entering the room and you will likely remember.66．Why does the author think that encoding properly is very important?A．It helps us understand our memory system better.B．It enables us to recall something from our memory.C．It expands our memory capacity considerably.D．It slows down the process of losing our memory.正确答案：B67．One possible reason why women have better memories than men is that ______.A．they have a wider range of interestsB．they are more reliant on the environmentC．they have an unusual power of focusing their attentionD．they are more interested in what’s happening around them正确答案：D68．A note in the pocket can hardly serve as a reminder because ______.A．it will easily get lostB．it’s not clear enough for you to readC．it’s out of your sightD．it might get mixed up with other things正确答案：C69．What do we learn from the last paragraph?A．If we focus our attention on one thing, we might forget another.B．Memory depends to a certain extent on the environment.C．Repetition helps improve our memory.D．If we keep forgetting things, we’d better return to where we were.正确答案：B70．What is the passage mainly about?A．The process of gradual memory loss.B．The causes of absent-mindedness.C．The impact of the environment on memory.D．A way of encoding and recalling.正确答案：BIt is hard to track the blue whale, the ocean’s largest creature, Which has almost been killed off by commercial whaling and is now listed as an endangered species. Attaching radio devices to it is difficult and visual sightings are too unreliable to give real insight into its behavior. So biologists were delighted early this year when with the help of the Navy they were able to track a particular blue whale for 43。

北京科技大学考博英语词汇真题模拟练习1. She wondered if she could have the opportunity to spend _______here so that she could learn more about the city.A.sometimesB.some timeC.sometimeD.some times参考答案：B解析：正确答案选B。

(A) sometimes："有时"。

(B)some time："一些时间"。

(C)sometime："以前的，一度的，前任的"。

(D)some times："在某些场合，不时"。

从句意上看，应填(B)。

全句的意思是：她不知道她是否有机会在此处花一些时间以便使她更多了解这个城市的情况。

2.Ms. Breen has been living in town for only one year, yet she seems to be _______with everyone who comes to the store.A.acceptedB.admittedC.admiredD.acquainted参考答案：D解析：正确答案选D。

四个备选答案中能和with相搭配的只有(D)acquainted，与with连在一起意为"熟悉"。

故应选(D)。

(A)accepted："接受"，(B)admitted："承认，接受"和(C)admired："羡慕"均不能与with相搭配，故均应排除3、He does not _______as a teacher of English as his pronunciation is terrible .A.equalB.matchC.qualifyD.fit参考答案：C解析：正确答案选C。

北京大学考博英语模拟试卷15(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Structure and V ocabulary 2. Reading Comprehension 3. Cloze 4. Proofreading 5. WritingStructure and V ocabulary1．Food is to the blood____reading is to the mind.A．thatB．whichC．whatD．so正确答案：C解析：本题考查的句型是：A is to B what X is to Y=A is to B just as X is to Y “A对于B正如X对于Y—样”。

2．____rich or poor, I will marry him all the same.A．Were heB．Be heC．May he beD．No matter he is正确答案：B解析：be he rich or poor“不论他家财万贯还是清贫如洗”，这是带有古风的让步状语从句，实际上是“Lethim be rich or poor”的省略句形式，省略let，把，宾格him变为主格，be动词提到句首。

3．He had more dictionaries than_____for his work.A．they are neededB．it was neededC．were necessaryD．necessary were they正确答案：C解析：than后的从句主语若是主句中提到的名词，谓语是动词be时，可以省略从句的主语，有时be也略而不用。

此句实际上是省略了主语they(the dictionaries)。

4．____yelling at me like this’? It’s you who are to blame for this affair.A．Where is the point ofB．What is the point forC．Where is the point as toD．What is the point of正确答案：D解析：What is the point of yelling at me?“冲着我嚷嚷有什么用?”(注意：What is the point of后面要求跟-ing形式。

《博士生专业英语》试题专业：岩土工程姓名：学号：一、将下列英文译成中文（20分）Rock mechanics is truly interdisciplinary subject, with applications in geology and geophysics, mining, petroleum, and civil engineering. It related to energy recovery and development, construction of transportation, water resources and defense facilities, prediction of earthquakes, and many other activities of greatest importance. This book introduces specific aspects of this subject most immediately applicable to civil engineering. Civil engineering students, at the advanced undergraduate and beginning graduate level, they will find here a selection of concepts, techniques, and applications pertaining to the heart of their field-for example, how to evaluate the support pressure required to prevent squeezing of clay stone in tunnels, how to evaluate the optimum angle of a rock cut through a jointed rock mass, and how to determine the bearing capacity of a pier socked into rock. Students in other fields should also find this work useful because the organization is consistently that of a textbook whose primary objective is to provide the background and technique for solving practical problems. Excellent reference books cover the fundamental bases of the subject well. What has been lacking is relatively short work to explain how the fundamental of rock mechanics may be applied in practice.答：岩石力学是一门边缘学科，应用范围涉及地质和地球物理、矿业、石油以及土木工程。

考博英语模拟试卷247(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Structure and V ocabulary 2. Cloze 3. Reading Comprehension 4. English-Chinese Translation 5. WritingStructure and V ocabulary1．Whenever possible, Ian______how well he speaks Japanese.A．shows upB．shows aroundC．shows offD．shows out正确答案：C解析：show与选项中的四个介词均可搭配。

show up表示“显眼，揭发，出现，使人感到羞辱”；show around表示“带领……到处看看”；show off表示“炫耀，夸耀，卖弄，渲染(某物的优点)”；show out表示“送出(客人)”。

C项符合句意。

知识模块：词汇2．On leaving, we thanked him most warmly for the hospitality ______ to us and our friends.A．extendedB．expandedC．expendedD．awarded正确答案：A解析：extended延伸，给予；expanded扩张；expended花费；awarded授予，判决。

3．The ______ amongst the world’s scientists is that the world is likely to warm up over the next few decades.A．censureB．consensusC．censusD．censor正确答案：B4．Many pure metals have little use because they are too soft, rust too easily, or have some other_______.A．bruisesB．blundersD．drawbacks正确答案：D解析：本题是说很多纯金属无法使用，因此它们太软，易生锈，或有些其他的缺陷。

北京大学考博英语模拟试卷18(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Structure and V ocabulary 2. Reading Comprehension 3. Cloze 4. Proofreading 5. WritingStructure and V ocabulary1．There seemed little hope that the explorer,_____in the tropical forest, would find bis way out.A．having been desertedB．having desertedC．to have been desertedD．to be deserted正确答案：A解析：having been deserted in the tropical forest“独自处在热带雨林之中”，是完成式现在分词短语作状语，表示原因。

2．By signing an application, I asked that an account_____for me and a credit card issued as I requested.A．openedB．to be openedC．be openedD．was opened正确答案：C解析：ask的宾语从句谓语动词需用虚拟语气。

3．_____does he know that the police are about to arrest him.A．SeldomB．LittleC．OnlyD．Never正确答案：B解析：半否定词little放在句首时，句子要用倒装语序。

seldom/never放在句首时句子也需用倒装语序；only引导的状语放在句首时也需用倒装语序，但这三个不合句意。

4．The school board listened quietly as John read the demands that his followers_____for.A．demonstrateB．demonstratedC．be demonstratingD．had been demonstrating正确答案：D解析：demands后面的that从句为限制性定语从句，因此从句谓语用陈述语气。

博士英语模拟试题一、听力理解（每题1分，共20分）1. 听对话，选择正确答案：- A: What's the weather like today?- B: It's quite sunny, but it's not too hot.- 问题：What is the weather like?- A) It's very hot.- B) It's raining.- C) It's sunny.2. 听短文，选择正确答案：- In the short passage, the speaker talks about the importance of water conservation. He mentions that water is a precious resource and we should take measures to save it.- 问题：What is the speaker mainly discussing?- A) The scarcity of water.- B) The importance of water conservation.- C) How to purify water.二、阅读理解（每题2分，共30分）Passage 1:In recent years, the number of students pursuing their doctorate degrees has been on the rise. This trend is attributed to the increasing demand for highly skilled professionals in various fields. However, the journey towards a Ph.D. is not an easy one, as it requires a significantamount of dedication, hard work, and time investment.Questions:1. Why is the number of students pursuing doctorate degrees increasing?A) Because of the decreasing demand for skilled professionals.B) Due to the increasing demand for highly skilled professionals.C) Because of the ease of the Ph.D. journey.2. What does the passage imply about the Ph.D. journey?A) It is an easy path.B) It requires a lot of dedication and hard work.C) It is a short-term commitment.Passage 2:The advancement in technology has revolutionized the way we communicate and share information. Social media platforms,for instance, have become an integral part of our daily lives, connecting people across the globe. However, with the rise of these platforms, concerns about privacy and data securityhave also grown.Questions:1. What has the advancement in technology led to?A) A decline in communication.B) A revolution in communication and information sharing.C) A decrease in the use of social media.2. What concerns have grown with the rise of social mediaplatforms?A) Concerns about the quality of communication.B) Concerns about privacy and data security.C) Concerns about the decline in the use of traditional media.三、词汇与结构（每题1分，共20分）1. The research team is currently _______ a new drug that could treat this disease.- A) developing- B) discovering- C) inventing2. Despite the heavy rain, the construction work _______ on schedule.- A) proceeded- B) progressed- C) continued四、写作（共30分）Task: Write an essay of about 250 words on the topic "The Role of Technology in Education."Sample Essay:The integration of technology in education has transformed the way students learn and teachers teach. With the advent of digital tools and online resources, education has become more accessible and interactive. Technology provides a platformfor personalized learning, allowing students to learn attheir own pace and style. It also enables teachers to track student progress and adapt their teaching methods accordingly. However, it is crucial to ensure that the use of technologyin education is balanced with traditional teaching methods to foster a holistic learning experience. While technology can enhance learning, it should not replace the human touch andthe critical thinking skills that are nurtured through face-to-face interactions.注意：以上内容为模拟试题示例，实际考试内容可能会有所不同。

考博英语模拟试卷301(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Structure and V ocabulary 2. Cloze 3. Reading Comprehension 4. English-Chinese Translation 5. WritingStructure and V ocabulary1．In the bar, snacks are served, and the visitor can relax with a drink or a cup of coffee, while the______VIP Lounge offers more private and undisturbed seating for meetings and conversations.A．doggedB．secludedC．rhythmicD．noisy正确答案：B解析：A项意为“顽强的”；B项意为“隐蔽的，僻静的”；C项意为“有节奏的，有韵律的”；D项意为“喧闹的，嘈杂的”。

因此，B项符合题意。

2．Your blunt treatment of disputes would put other people in a negative frame of ______, with the result that they would not be able to accept your proposal.A．intentionB．ideaC．mindD．wish正确答案：C解析：A项意为“意图，目的”；B项意为“想法，主意”；C项意为“智慧，思想，思维方式”，in a：positive／negative fraine of mind为固定词组，意为“怀有正／邪念”；D项意为“祝愿，希望”。

因此，C项符合题意。

3．Before he accepts and attends daily or weekly meetings, he understands the ______and goal of the meeting and how they mesh with his current intent.A．occupationB．careerC．maniaD．agenda正确答案：D解析：A项意为“职业，占有”；B项意为“职业”；C项意为“狂热，热衷”；D项意为“议程”。

北京科技大学考博英语真题摘录Section I Part C(共三节,满分10分Directions:You will hear threepieces of recorded material.Before listening to each one,you willhave time to read the questions related to it.While listening,answereach question by choosing A,B,C or D.After listening,you will havetime to check your answers.You will hear each piece once only.(10pointsQuestions11-13are based on the following talk about namingnewborns.You now have15seconds to read questions11-13.11、What do we often do with the things we love?A.Ask for their names. babies after them.C.Put down their names.D.Choose names for them.12、The unpleasant meaning of an old family name is oftenoverlooked if(PS:The way to contact yumingkaobo TEL:si ling ling-liu liu ba-liu jiu qi ba QQ:772678537A.the family tree is fairly limited.B.the family tie is strong enough.C.the name is commonly used.D.nobody in the family complains.13、Several months after a baby’s birth,its name willA.show the beauty of its own.B.develop more associations.C.lose the original meaning.D.help form the baby’s personality.Questions14-16are based on the biography of Bobby Moore,an English soccer player.You now have15seconds to read Questions 14-16.14.How many matches did Moore play during his professional career?A.90.B.108.C.180.D.668.15、In1964,Bobby Moore was madeA.England’s footballer of the year.B.a soccer coach in West Germany.C.a medalist for his sportsmanship.D.a number of the Order of the British Empire.16、After Moore retired from playing,the first thing he did wasA.editing Sunday Sport.B.working for Capital Radio.C.managing professional soccer teams.D.developing a sports marketing company.Questions17-20are based on the on the city of Belfast.You now have20seconds to read Questions17-20.17.Belfast has long been famous for itsA.oil refinery.B.linen textiles.C.food products.D.deepwater port.18、Which of the following does Belfast chiefly export?A.Soap.B.Grain.C.Steel.D.Tobacco.19、When was Belfast founded?A.In1177.B.In1315.C.In the16th century.D.In the17th century.20、What happened in Belfast in the late18th century?A.French refugees arrived.B.The harbor was destroyed.C.Shipbuilding began to flourish.D.The city was taken by the English. 本文由“育明考博”整理编辑。

考博英语模拟试题Part I Cloze (0. 5 x 20 = 10%)Directions: In this part you are asked to choose the best word for each blank in the passage. Write your answers on the answer sheet.The most famous painter in Victoria's history is Emily Carr. When she was a child, she discovered that walking in the woods more to her than playing with other children, and that she was more interested in 2 the streets of old Victoria than playing at home with 3 and spending her time making up.Emily was a cute little girl who spent 4_of her childhood in Beacon Hill Park 5 was very close to her home. Drawing 6 her, and she also liked to play with the pets. She had ducks and chickens, and even 7 a monkey. She was 8 interested in the First Nations people and the Chinese people she saw in Victoria's Chinatown. Their culture and way of dressing seemed so 9 from her own.As she became a young, strong and 10 woman. Emily began to go on long trips into the forests toll and draw what she saw. She loved the free and simple 12 of the First Nations people. In the summer of 1895 she went on 13 with two other women to 14 the wilderness along the Cowichan River that runs through Duncan, 15 north of Victoria.She knew more about their lifestyle and the forests of B. C. than 16 other European woman.When you look at her paintings you can sense the 17 of these dark mysterious forests. Her paintings are now very famous and, 18 the dark colors may not be attractive to some people, they 19 the beauty and mystery of the deep woods and the skill of a great artist. Emily was a very brave and independent woman. She walked through the woods alone, even though she knew that bears and wolves might be her only 201. A. attracted B. appealed C. allured D. induced2. A. dashing B. strolling c. jogging D. roaming3. A. friends B. mates C. dolls D. parents4. A. much B. lots C. more D. many5. A. where B. which C. since D. it6. A. fascinated B. bewildered C. captured D. indulged7. A. fed B. domesticated C. trained D. confined8. A.particularly B. almost C. constantly D. intrinsically9. A. diverse B. various C. distinct D. outstanding10. A. special B. independent C. lonely D. unaided11. A. paint B.record C. describe D. take12. A. society B. work C. lifestyle D. pace13. A. an adventure B. an exploitation C. a tour D. anexpedition14. A. check B. explore C. examine D. search15. A. only B. just C. much D. in16. A. any B. some C. certain D. none17. A. mood B. tone C. taste D. atmosphere18. A. if B. otherwise C. though D. but19. A. evoke B. arouse C. remind D. raise20. A. enemies B. foods C. companions D. friendsII.Reading comprehension （20 x 2 = 40% ）Directions: There are four passages in this part. After each passage, there are five questions, you are to choose the best answer for each question. Write your answers on the answer sheet.Passage OneFast food, a mainstay of American eating for decades, may have reached a plateau in the United States as the maturing baby-boom generation looks for a more varied menu. Fast food still represents a $ 102 billion a year industry, but growth has turned sluggish recently amid tough competition from retail food stores and a more affluent population willing to try new things and spend more, analysts say. Signs of trouble in fast food include price-cutting by industry leaders, including efforts by McDonald's to attract customers with a 55 cent hamburger, and major players pulling out or selling. O'Pepsico, for example, is selling its fast-food restaurant division that includes Taco Bell, Pizza Hut and KFC."It's becoming harder and harder for these firms to grow," said Jim Brown, a professor of marketing at Virginia Tech University. "I think in the United States fast food has reached a saturation （饱和）point because of the number of competitors and the number of outlets."Fast-food restaurant revenues grew 2. 5 percent in 1996 according to industry figures, the slowest since the recession of 1991. That is for cry from （大不相同于）the levels of the 1970s and 1980s. According to the Food Marketing Institute, consumers are using supermarkets for 21 percent of take-home food, nearly double the level of a year ago. While fast-food restaurants still lead, their share slipped significantly, from 48 percent in 1996 to 41 percent in 1997."Consumers have never been more demanding than they are today," said Michael Sansolo, senior vice president of the Supermarket Trade Group. "They are pressed for time. Money is still an issue.-, but their tastes are increasingly diverse — whether it's gourmet foods, ethnic foods or organic offerings."Meanwhile, the aging of the baby-boom population — and the growth in the number of so-called "empty nesters" with grown children —has meant a surge in the number of people willing to spend more for upscale items. This generation "will have the luxury of being more discriminating" as their children leave home, notes Harry Balzer, vice president of the Chicago-based NPD consulting group. Balzer said some 18 million baby boomers will become empty-nesters in the next 10 years, leaving them with more disposable income to spend on dining out. "Fast and cheap will still be driving factors.., but our definitions of fast and cheap may be changing."Various reports suggest industry leader McDonald's is struggling, losing market share, with lower same-store sales while cutting back the number of new outlets in the United States, partly due to pressure from franchisers who don't want to be squeezed. The company replaced the head of its 12,000 US restaurant chain last October amid a slump in US market share.21.What does the passage mainly tell about?A.Fast food disappoints consumers.B. People prefer less expensive food.C. McDonald's dominates the market of fast food.D. Fast food is losing its attraction.22.What can we learn from the passage?A.O'Pepsico goes bankrupt.B.The number of supermarkets doubles.C.Jim Brown takes a negative attitude towards the development of fast food.D.McDonald's survives from the competition with retail food stores.23.What is NOT true about baby-boom generation?A.They seek a variety of food.B.They have come of age.C.They will spend more money on food.D.They tend to have luxurious food.24.Which of the following is not mentioned as an influence on people's choices of food?A.Speed and price of the food.B. Diversity of the food.C. Tastes of the consumers.D. Age of the consumers.25.What brings trouble to fast food industry?A.Customers' demand and competition with retailers.B.The aging baby-boomer and diversity of food.petition with retailers and diversity of food.D.Customers' demand and the aging of baby-boomer.Passage TwoParents of wailing （哀号）babies, take comfort: You are not alone. Chimpanzee babies fuss. Sea gull chicks squawk. Burying beetle larvae tap their parents' legs. Throughout the animal kingdom, babies know how to get their parents' attention. Exactly why evolution has produced all this fussing, squawking and tapping is a question many biologists are trying to answer.Someday, that answer may shed some light on the mystery of crying in human babies. "It may point researchers in the right direction to find the cause of excessive crying," said Joseph Soltis, a bioacoustics expert at Disney's Animal Kingdom in Lake Buena Vista. Florida. Soltis published an article on the evolution of crying in the current issue of Behavioral and Brain Sciences.Young animals vary in how much they cry, squawk or otherwise communicate with their parents, and studies with mice, beetles and monkeys show that this variation is partly based on genes. Some level of crying in humans, of course, is based on gas pains and messy diapers. But as for the genetic contribution, you might expect that natural selection would favor genes for noisier children, since they would get more attention.Before long, however, this sort of deception may be ruinous. If the signals of offspring became totally unreliable, parents would no longer benefit from paying attention. Some evolutionary biologists have proposed that natural selection should therefore favor so-called honest advertisements. Some biologists have speculated that these honest advertisements may not just tell a parent which offspring are hungry. They might also show their parent that they are healthy and vigorous and therefore worth some extra investment. The babies of monkeys cry out to their mothers and tend to cry even more around the time their mothers wean （断奶）them. The mothers, in response, begin to ignore most of their babies' distress calls, since most turn out to be false alarms.'Initially, mothers respond any time an infant cries," said Dario Maestripieri, a primatologist at the University of Chicago. "But as the cries increase, they respond less and less. They become more skeptical. So infants start crying less. So they go through these cycles, adjusting their responses."Kim Bard, a primatologist at the University of Plymouth in England, has spent more than a decade observing chimpanzee babies. H Chimps can cry for a long time if something terrible is happening to them, but when you pick them up, they stop," Bard said. "I've never seen any chimpanzees in the first three months of life be inconsolable."Maestripieri and other researchers say these evolutionary forces may have also shaped the cries of human babies. n All primate infants cry." Maestripieri said. "It*sa very conserved behavior. It's not something humans have evolved on their own."26.What can be the most probable title of this passage?A.Parents Bothered by Babies' CryB. Infants Crying for Parents' AttentionC. Clues from Animals on Why Babies CryD. False Cry27.Which of the following statement is true according to the passage?A.Scientists discovered why animal infants cry.B.The difference in the amount of children's cry is somewhat due to genes.C.Babies have a violent reaction to the mother*s ignorance.D.Chimpanzees' annoyance can hardly be alleviated.28.What is implied in Paragraph 4?A.Children with truthful cry may eventually draw their mothers' attention.B.Noisy infants are preferred by their mothers for their health and strength.C.Mothers would rather nurse the obedient babies.D.Mothers tend to ignore the deceitful cry.29.How do the parents respond to babies* cry?A.They come to doubt it.B. They take it seriously.C. They are indifferent to it.D. They are weary of it.30.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as the reason for babies* cry?A.Discomfort.B. Hungry.C. Consolation.D. Thirsty.Passage ThreeWhenever I hear a weather report declaring it's the hottest June 10 on record or whatever, I can't take it too seriously, because "ever" really means "as long as the records go back'*, which is only as far as the late 1800s. Scientists have other ways of measuring temperatures before that, though — not for individual dates, but they can ten the average temperature of a given year by such proxy measurements as growth marks incorals, deposits in ocean and lake sediments, and cores drilled into glacial ice. They can even use drawings of glaciers as there were hundreds of years ago compared with today.And in the most comprehensive compilation of such data to date, says a new report from the National Research Council, it looks pretty certain that the last few decades have been hotter than any comparable period in the last 400 years. That's a blow to those who claim the current warm spell is just part of the natural up and down of average temperatures —a frequent assertion of the global —warming-doubters crowd.The report was triggered by doubts about past-climate claims made last year by climatologist Michael Mann, of the University of Virginia (he's the creator of the "hockey stick" graph Al Gore used in "An Inconvenient Truth" to dramatize the rise in carbon dioxide in recent years). Mann claimed that the recent warming was unprecedented in the past thousand years — that led Congress to order up an assessment by the prestigious Research Council. Their conclusion was that a thousand years was reasonable, but not overwhelmingly supported by the data. But the past 400 was — so resoundingly that it fully supports the claim that today's temperatures ale unnaturally warm, just as global warming theory has been predicting for a hundred years. And if there*s any doubt about whether these proxy measurements are really legitimate, the NRC scientists compared them with actual temperature data from the most recent century, when real thermometers were in widespread use. The match was more or less right on.In the past nearly two decades since TIME first put global warming on the cover, then, the argument against it has gone from "it isn't happening" to n it's happening, but it's natural", to "it's mostly natural" —\and now, it seems, that assertion too is going to have to drop away. Indeed. Rep. Sherwood Boehert, the New York Republican who chairs the House Science Committee and who asked for the report declared that it did nothing to support the notion of a controversy over global warming science —a controversy that opponents keep insisting is alive. Whether President Bush will finally take seriousaction to deal with the warming, however,is a much less settled question.31.What does this passage mainly deal with?A.The tendency of earth's becoming hotter.B. The assessment of earth's temperature.C. The menace of global warming.D.The measurement of tackling global warming.32.What is "proxy measurement" in Paragraph 1 likely to refer to?A.Studying the characteristics of glaciers.B.Measuring the growth signs of aquatic organism.C.Taking advantage of previous pictures.ing clues left from the past.33.What does the report from NRC indicate?A.The earth will become warmer.B.It is somewhat suspicious of Michael Mann's assertion.C.The earth reaches the highest temperature in the history.D.The proxy measurements are reliable.34.Which statement is NOT true concerning the controversy about global warming?A.The new report from NRC is motivated by the controversy over Michael Mann's claim.B.Those who doubt global warming consider that warming is a natural phenomenon.C.Those suspicious of global warming take an inconsistent stance on the issue.D.The argument ends in the defeat of global-warming-doubters.35.What is the author's attitude towards global warming theory?A. Negative.B. Indifferent.C. Favorable.D. Neutral.Passage FourA proposed Russian ban on European Union meat exports could jeopardize Russia's aspirations to join the World Trade Organization next year, the EU trade commissioner, Peter Mandelson, warned Friday. He warned that several of the 25 EU member states were growing weary of Russia's trade tactics and could move to block its WTO bid.He emphasized that the European Union supported Russia's WTO accession in principle and that he did not want to link the Russian meat ban to Russia*s WTO prospects ,though EU states could do so. in order to join the organization,Russia must reach agreement with each of the 149 WTO members."Issues like this will affect the attitude of member states toward signing off on accession," Mandelson said. "This is not the only trade irritant between us and Russia — there are at least half a dozen ― and this latest ban is bound to affect the attitude of member states," toward Russia's aim of joining the WTO. n We can't have so many of these trade irritants hanging over us."Mandelson said he would work to get Russia to back off from its current plans to ban all EU animal products as of Jan. 1, which would affect C = $ 1.7 billion, or $ 2. 2 billion, in exports to Russia Moscow has justified the ban on the grounds that Bulgaria and Romania, which will join the European Union on that day, do not have adequate food safety measures. But Mandelson warned that if Moscow refused to back down, it could sour overall trade relations with the European Union, which is already concerned about fair access to Moscow's energy resources. "Russia is acting in a disproportionate way," he said.President Vladimir Putin has made WTO membership one of his key economic objectives. He is keen to improve access to world markets for Russian exports and to provide a lift to the country's neglected aghculrural sector. European resistance would add to reservations by trade negotiators in Washington who want Russia to make more progress on reducing tariffs on U. S. meat imports and protecting intellectual property before joining the world trade body.Trade disputes cast a shadow over the summit meeting, which was supposed to mark the start of talks on a partnership agreement between the European Union and Russia covering energy, trade and human rights. But Poland —in a separate dispute with Moscow over a Russian ban on Polish farm exports — used its veto to stop the talks on Friday.Putin defended the Russian ban after earlier complaining that the European Commission had failed to consult him before agreeing to admit Bulgaria and Romania, whose food safety practices he called into question.EU officials said privately that Putin's stance suggested he was suffering from a Cold War hangover because the former Soviet satellites will soon become EU members.36.What is the theme of this passage?A.Russia conflicts with EU members in meat trade.B.Russia may risk WTO entry with EU meat ban.C.Russia prepares to enter WTO.D.Russia complains about food security of Bulgaria and Romania.37.Which statement is NOT true about EU?A.EU has not signed partnership agreement with Russia.B.EU is disappointed with at Russia*s trade strategy.C.EU wants Russia to cut down on tariffs on its meat imports.D.EU may connect the trade conflict with Russia*s entry into WTO.38.Which word has the similar meaning to "imtant" in Paragraph 3?A. disagreementB. misunderstandingC. annoyanceD.interference39.What can be implied from the last paragraph?A.Russia will soon suffer from isolation.B.Russia will soon lose its satellites.C.Former Soviet satellites resist Russia's entering WTO.D.Some EU officials understand Russia's position.40.What is the author's attitude towards Russia?A. Suggestive.B. Prejudicial.C. Sympathetic.D. Objective.Part UI Translation (30%)Section A : From Chinese into English (15%)每个人心中都该有个志向，否则他的经历就会被浪费掉。

考博英语模拟试题及答案一、阅读理解（共20分，每题4分）1. 根据文章内容，以下哪项是作者的主要观点？A. 教育是社会进步的关键。

B. 技术发展对教育的影响是负面的。

C. 教育改革需要更多的创新思维。

D. 教育应该更加注重实践能力的培养。

答案：A2. 文章中提到的“终身学习”的概念，主要强调了什么？A. 学习是个人发展的终身任务。

B. 学习应该在学校之外进行。

C. 学习是职业发展的必要条件。

D. 学习是社会进步的驱动力。

答案：A3. 作者认为教育改革应该包括哪些方面？A. 教学方法和课程内容的更新。

B. 学校管理体制的改革。

C. 教师培训和学生评价体系的改进。

D. 所有上述选项。

答案：D4. 文章中提到的“批判性思维”在教育中的作用是什么？A. 帮助学生更好地理解知识。

B. 培养学生的独立思考能力。

C. 提高学生解决问题的能力。

D. 促进学生对知识的深入探究。

答案：B5. 根据文章，以下哪项不是教育改革的挑战？A. 资金不足。

B. 教师资源的缺乏。

C. 学生对新教学方法的抵触。

D. 社会对教育改革的误解。

答案：C二、完形填空（共15分，每题1.5分）阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

In recent years, the popularity of online education has been growing rapidly. It offers a convenient way for students to learn __6__ the comfort of their own homes. However, there are also some __7__ to consider.6. A. in B. at C. on D. from答案：A7. A. benefits B. drawbacks C. opportunities D. challenges答案：D8. The main advantage of online education is that it allows for __8__ flexibility in scheduling.A. personalB. individualC. uniqueD. specific答案：B9. Despite the convenience, some students may find it difficult to __9__ in an online environment.A. interactB. participateC. engageD. connect答案：B10. Online courses often require a high level of __10__ and self-discipline.A. motivationB. inspirationC. encouragementD. stimulation答案：A三、翻译（共15分，每题5分）1. 教育不仅仅是知识的传授，更是价值观和道德观的培养。

考博英语（语法）练习试卷2(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. GrammarGrammar1．______a ticket for the match, he can now only watch it on TV at home.A．Obtaining notB．Not obtainingC．Not having obtainedD．Not obtained正确答案：C解析：在这个句子中，已经发生的事情(没有买到票)对后来的事情(看电视)产生了影响，所以应该用现在分词的完成式。

因此，答案是C。

知识模块：语法2．How can I ever concentrate if you______continually ______ me with silly questions?A．have, interruptedB．had, interruptedC．are, interruptingD．were, interrupted正确答案：C解析：在这个句子中，continually的意思是“不断地，频繁地”。

continually 表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，所以，句子应该用现在进行时。

因此，答案是C。

知识模块：语法3．As it turned out to be a small house party, we ______ so formally.A．need not have dressed upB．must not have dressed upC．did not need to dress upD．must not dress up正确答案：A解析：在这个句子中，句意表达的意思是：不必要做某事，但事实上却做了某事。

在题目提供的四个选项中，needn’t have done表示“过去不必做某事，但事实上却做了”。

所以，答案是A。

知识模块：语法4．They moved to Portland in 1998 and lived in a big house, ______to the south.A．the windows of which openedB．the windows of it openedC．its windows openedD．the windows of which opening正确答案：A解析：本题中空格处需填的内容用来引导定语从句，由于本句的时态是一般过去式，所以定语从句中的谓语动词用过去式，因此A项为正确答案。