SUB前缀
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最常用的词缀列单:ab-离开e/ex-出来com/co- 共同de-向下im/in- 里面re-反复pro-向前sub-在下面trans-交换辅音双写,前面加 a-一再。
如 ac,这个前缀经常用到Aadd 系列:add:增加 additional :额外的,附加的additive :添加剂 addendum:附录,补遗[ 助记 ]end- 尾巴,“增加一尾巴”adder:小蛇,蝰蛇这种小蛇没有听力deaf as an adder:充耳不闻au 系列:authenic:真实的,可靠的[ 助记 ]au- 化学符号金, then-那时, ic- 形容词词尾。
“金子在当年是最真实、最可靠的” author:作者authority :权威,当局[ 助记 ] (当地的作者)authorize:批准aunt 系列:aunt 作为词根想成“姑姑 /阿姨”vaunt:吹牛[ 助记 ]v- 一张大嘴。
“姑姑张着一张大嘴坐在楼下吹牛”gaunt:憔悴的[ 助记 ]1>g- 鬼,“鬼姑姑的脸色很恐怖(憔悴)”2>g-gre ,“考 GRE 的姑姑很憔悴”flaunt :炫耀[ 助记 ] 杨过管小龙女叫姑姑。
小龙女都是飞来飞去的,是在向别人炫耀她会飞。
haunt:1>常来常往的地方2>鬼神出没的地方[ 助记 ]1>h-home ,“你经常去姑姑家,就是常来常往的地方”2>“姑姑年纪大了,走来走去,像鬼一样”jaunt:短途旅行[助记 ]j- 接,“姑姑短途旅行回来,去接她”daunt:威胁,恐吓[助记 ]d-打,“你不嫁给我我就打你姑姑”saunter:闲逛[助记 ]注意有 er。
“姑姑在走s 行路线”Ccent 系列:cent 作为词根: 1.一百centuty :世纪,百年percent:百分比centipede:蜈蚣[助记 ]ped-脚。
cent 作为词根: 2.钱decent:合适的,体面的[ 助记 ]de-低头。
前缀sub前缀sub-来源拉介词sub,意为“under,from under”等,表示“在下”的位置或“自下而上”的运动。
作为原生前缀,sub-出现在许多12世纪后引进的拉丁借词中,sub-依然遵守拉丁读音规则,接受词根首字母的同化产生出suc-,suf-,sug-,sum-,sup-,sur-,sus-,su-等变形异体。
但在16世纪以后,sub-可作为活性派生词缀与各种语源的单词结合构成新词。
在这些派生词中,sub-没有异体,而意思却有所引申。
除under之外,它还可以表示“secondary, slightly,in place of, precisely'等含义。
派生前缀sub-可以与名词、形容词、动词等结合。
当他作为介词性前缀与名词结合时,可能改变词基单词的词性。
与包含sub- 的拉丁借词相比,由派生前缀sub- 构成单词数量更多。
另一词源:刘毅英语字根字典介绍前缀sub-是由sup-演变而来,其比较级为super,最高级是supreme,Sub-原味“高”的意思,如super,supreme是指“以上;极度;超越”之意。
依照sub-本来的意思“高”演变而来的自由sublime(崇高的;是崇高)。
变化形:suc-,suf-,sug-,sum-,sur-,sus-' 。
英语词源:word-forming element meaning 'under, beneath; behind; from under; resulting from further division,' from Latin preposition sub 'under, below, beneath, at the foot of,' also 'close to, up to, towards;' of time, 'within, during;' figuratively 'subject to, in the power of;' also 'a little, somewhat' (e.g. sub-horridus 'somewhat rough').This is said to be from PIE *(s)up- (perhaps representing *ex-upo-), a variant form of the root *upo- 'from below,' hence 'turning upward, upward, up, up from under, over, beyond' (cf. Sanskrit upa 'near,under, up to, on,' Greek hypo 'under,' Gothic iup, Old Norse, Old English upp 'up, upward,' Hittite up-zi 'rises'). The Latin word also was used as a prefix and in variouscombinations.In Latin assimilated to following -c-, -f-, -g-, -p-, and often -r- and -m-. In Old French the prefix appears in the full Latin form only 'in learned adoptions of old Latin compounds' [OED], and in popular use it was represented by sous-, sou-; cf. French souvenir from Latin subvenire, souscrire (Old French souzescrire) from subscribere, etc.The original meaning is now obscured in many words from Latin (suggest, suspect, subject, etc.). The prefix is active in Modern English, sometimes meaning 'subordinate' (as in subcontractor); 'inferior'(17c., e.g. subhuman); 'smaller' (18c.); 'a part or division of' (c.1800, e.g. subcontinent).以下是sub- 及其变体的含义:1.红…底下,在…下边subordinate, subservient, subsidiary2.下位,副,一点,稍许subtitle, subeditor, subacid3.代替…supplant, subaltern4.精密地,细致地subcommittee, subdivide, succinct另外,前缀sub还有以下多种变形。
Sub-①表示“在下面,次一等,副手”subdue vt.使服从, 压制, 减弱, 抑制, 克制(sub+due从属→从属在下面→征服)subjugate vt.征服, 使服从, 抑制, 克制(sub+jug牛轭+ate→套上牛轭→镇压)subconscious adj.下意识的, 潜意识的(sub+conscious有意识的→在意识之下→潜意识的)submerge vt.使浸水, 使陷入, 淹没 vi.潜入水中(sub+merge淹没→淹没下去) submissive adj.顺从的, 服从的, 柔顺的(sub+miss给→ive→在下面给→恭顺的)subordinate adj.下级的, 次要的, 附属的 vt.使居下位, 使服从 n.属下, 附属物(sub+ordin顺序+ate→顺序在下→附属的)suborn vt.唆使, 怂恿, 收买(sub+orn装饰→在下面装饰→贿赂)subscribe vt.捐献, 签署 vi.赞成, 同意, 捐款, 预订(sub+scribe写→在下面写上名字→订购)subside vi.沉淀, 沉降, 平息(sub+terr地+anean→地下的)subterranean adj.地下的, 秘密的 n.地下室, 地下工作者(sub+terr转→转下去→推翻)subtitle n.副标题(sub+tropics热带)subeditor n.助理编辑(sub+editor编辑)suboffice n.分办事处(sub+office办公室)②表示“接近,靠近”subcentral adj.接近中心的(sub+central中心的)subaratic adj.近北极的(sub+arctic北极的)subadult adj.接近成年的(sub+adult成年人)subacid adj.略酸的(sub+acid酸)subarid adj.有点干燥的(sub+arid干燥的)Super-①表示“超级,超过,过度”supersized adj.超大型的(super+sized有范围的)supersonic adj.超音速的(super+sonic声音的)supernatural adj.超自然的(super+natural自然的)superfluous adj.多余的(super+flu流+ous→流出太多)supercilious adj.目中无人的(super+cili眉毛+ous→在眉毛上看人→目中无人)②表示“在…上面”supervise vt.临视(super+vise看→在上面看→临视)superimpose vt.放…上面,强加(super+impose放上去→在上面放→强加) superficial adj.肤浅的(super+fic做+ial→在表面上做)superintend at.监督(super+intend关心→在上面关心→监督)supersede vt.淘汰;取代(super+sede坐→坐上去→淘汰〔以前的东西〕) superstition n.迷信(super+stit站+ion→站在人〔理智〕之上的东西→迷信)。
英语单词前后缀(大全)英语前缀汇总a-/an- == no;without;lack amateur 不熟练的,业余的anonymous 匿名的asocial 不好社交的anechoic 消声的anharmonic 不和谐的anarchism 无政府主义acentric 无中心的amoral 非道德性的asexual 无性别的a- == in;on;at;by;with;to asleep 在熟睡中ahead 向前,在前头abreast 肩并肩地aside 在一边abed 在床上abloom 开花a-/an- == 加强意义aloud 高声地aright 正确地awake 唤醒aweary 疲倦的annotate 注释announce 宣布,通告ab- == from;away from abnormal 不正常的abroad 国外的abuse 滥用absorb 吸去abaxial 离开轴心的abend 异常终止ac- == at;to,或表示加强意义accustom 使习惯account 计算,算帐accredit 信任accompany 陪伴acclaim 欢呼,喝彩accomplish 完成ad- == to;toward;forwardadvice 建议advocate 倡导adjoin 临近adjust 调整admixture 混杂adventure 冒险af- == at;to,或表示加强意义affright 震惊,恐惧affix 附加,贴上affirm 肯定,确实ag- == at;to,或表示加强意义aggrandize 增大aggravate 加重aggrieve 使悲痛amphi- == 两、双amphicar 水陆两用车amphibian 水陆两栖的amphitheatre 两边都可观看的剧场,圆形剧场ante- == beforeantecedent 先前的,先行的antetype 先型,原型anteport 前港,外港anteroom 前室,接待室antedate 比实际早日期antestomach 前胃anti- == againstantipathy 反感antifreeze 防冻antiwar 反战的anti-imperlialist 反帝的antiageing 防衰老的antitank 反坦克ap- == 加强或引伸意义appoint 指定,任命appraise 评价appease 平息,绥靖ap-/apo- == 离开apogee 远地点apostasy 脱党,叛教aphelion (天文)远日点ar- == at;to,表示加强及引伸意义arrange 安排,布置arrect 直立的arrear 在后,拖延arch- == 1)big;chief. 2)ancient archbishop 大主教archaeology 考古学archaic 古体的,古风的as == to;forwardassign 派出assent 同意assort 分类assimilate 同化,吸收assure 使确信,担保associate 联合,结合at- == at;to,表示加强及引伸意义attrap 使入陷阱attest 证明attract 吸引auto- == self;personally automation 自动化autograph 亲笔autoalarm 自动报警器autocriticism 自我批评autorotation 自动旋转autobiography 自传be- == make or cause to be befog 使迷糊befit 适宜belittle 贬低befriend 以朋友相待becalm 使镇静befool 欺骗,愚弄be- == 加以...,饰以...,用..做bepowder 在...上撒粉bejewel 饰以珠宝becloud 遮蔽be- == 在beside 在...旁below 在...下面before 在...之前be- == 加强及引伸意义befall 降临,发生bespatter 溅污belaud 大加赞扬bene- == well;goodbenign 和善的benevolent 乐善好施的benefit 好处benediction 祝福benefaction 恩惠,善行beneficent 行善的bi- == twobicycle 自行车bilateral 双方bimonthly 双月刊biweekly 双周刊bicolor 两色的bilingual 两种语言的by- == 旁、侧、非正式、副byroad 小路,僻径bywork 业余工作byname 别名,绰号circu- == aroundcirculate 流通circumnavigate 环球航circumspect 考虑周到的circumplanetary 环绕行星的circumpolar 在两极周围的circumaviate 环球飞行co- == togethercoaction 共同行动cooperate 合作coeducation 男女同校col- == together collaboration 协作,勾结collingual 用同一种语言的collocate 并置,并列com- == togethercompatriot 同胞,同国人combine 联合,结合commiserate 同情com- == 加强或引伸意义commove 使动乱compress 压缩commemorate 纪念con- == together concolorous 同色的connatural 同性质的contemporary 同时代的con- == 加强或引伸意义conclude 结束,终结confirm 使坚定consolidate 巩固,加强contra- == against contradiction 矛盾controversial 可能引起争议的contraclockwise 逆时针方向的contra-missile 反导弹导弹contraposition 对照,针对contraband 走私,违法交易cor- == togethercorrelation 相互关系corradiate 使(光线)共聚于一点correspond 符合,相应cor- == 加强或引伸意义correct 改正,纠正corrupt 腐败,败坏corrugate 使起皱纹counter- == opposite counterrevolutionary 反动的countermeasure 对策,应策countercurrent 逆流countermarch 反方向行进counterattack ,反击countercharge 反控,反告de- == down fromdeplane 下飞机dethrone 使离王位derail 使(火车)脱轨de- == 向下、降低、减少depress 压低,压下depopulation 人口减少devalue 贬值de- == 使成...,作成...,或仅作加强意义delimit 划定界限denude 使裸露depicture 描绘,描述de- == notdenationalize 非国有化demilitarize 非军事化demobilize 复员de- == 除去、取消、毁desalt 除去盐份deforest 砍伐森林decontrol 取消管制dec(a)- == tendecade 十年decimal 十进位制的decathlon 十项全能deci- == 十分之一decigram 十分之一克decimeter 十分之一米decilitre 十分之一升demi- == 半demigod 半神半人demi-fixed 半固定的demiwolf 半似狼之犬di- == 二、双diatomic 二原子的disyllable 双音节的dichromatic 两色的dia- == through;between;across diameter 直径dialogue 对话diagnosis 诊断dif- == 1)apart. 2)not;opposite diffluence 分流diffident 不自信的diffuse 散开,散布dis- == 不、无、相反dislike 不喜欢disagree 不同意discontinue 中断disorder 混乱disbelieve 不信disproof 反证dishonest 不诚实的dispraise 贬损,非难disappear 消失disremember 忘记discomfort 不舒服disability 无能,无力dis- == 取消、除去、毁disorganize 瓦解disroot 根除discourage 使失去勇气disrobe 脱衣disarm 解除武装,裁军dishearten 使失去信心disburden 解除负担discolor 使褪色dismember 解体dis- == 加在含有“分开”、“否定”等意义的单词前,作加强意义dispart 分离,裂开dissever 分裂,切断dissemination 散布,传播dis- == 分开、离、散dissect 切开dissolve 分离,溶解distract 分心,转移dispense 分配dispel 驱散dissipate 驱散,浪费dis- == 有时作di-,dispirit 使气馁,使沮丧divorce 离婚digress 离正题,入歧路dys- == 不良、恶、困难dysfunction (医)机能失调,功能紊乱dysphonia 发音困难dyspepsia 消化不良dyspathy 反感dysgenesis 生殖力不良dysopsy 弱视e- == 加强或引伸意义evaluate 评价elongate 使延长,拉长estop 阻止,禁止estrange 使疏远evanish 消失elaborate,详细描述e- == 出、外eject 投出,掷出emigrate 移居国外elect 选出emerge 浮出,出现erupt 喷出evade 逃出ef- == 出、离去effluence 流出effable 能被说出的effoliation 落叶em- == 表示“置于...之内”、“上...”embay 使(船)入湾embus 上车,装入车中embosom 藏于胸中,怀抱emplane 乘飞机embed 安置embog 使陷于泥沼中em- == 表示“用...做某事”、“饰以...”、“配以...”embalm 涂以香料(防腐剂)embank 筑堤防护embar 上门闩,囚禁em- == 表示“使成某种状态”、“致使...”、“使之如...”、embow 使成弓形empower 使有权力,授权empurple 使发紫embody 体现,使具体化embitter 使受苦embrown 使成褐色eco- == ecologicalecosphere 生态圈ecosystem 生态系统ecocide 生态灭绝en- == 表示“置于..之中”、“登上...”、“使上...”entrain 乘火车encage 关入笼中encase 装入enplane 乘飞机encave 藏于洞中enroll 登记,记入名册enthrone 使登基enshrine 藏于神龛中enfold 包进、拥抱en- == make or cause to be,“使成某种状态”、“致使...”、“使之如...”、“作成...”enable 使能够endanger 使受危险enlighten 启发,启蒙enlarge 扩大,放大enrich 使富足enslave 使成奴隶,奴役en- == "用...来做某事"、“饰以...”、“配以...”enchain 用链锁住enlace 用带缚entrap 诱陷en- == 家在动词之前,表示“in”,或只作加强意义enclose 围入,关进entrust 信任,委托enforce 强制执行enkindle 点火enwrap 包入,卷入enhearten 鼓舞,振奋endo- == 内endoparasite 体内寄生虫endogamy 内部通婚endogen内生植物eu- == good;well;easyeugenica 优生学eulogize 赞美emphemism 委婉语euphonic 声音优美的eupepsia 消化良好euthenics 优境学ex- == out;out ofexclusive 不包括...的expose 揭露emit 发射出export 出口,输出exclude 排外,排斥excavate 挖出,挖掘exit 出口extract 抽出,拔出exhume 掘出ex- == 前任的、以前的ex-president 前任总统ex-Nazis 前纳粹分子ex-mayor 前任市长ex-chancellor 前大学校长ex-premier 前任总理ex-wife 前妻ex- == 表示“使”、“做”,或作加强意义expurgate 使清洁exalt 使升高,增高excruciate 施刑,使苦恼exo- == 外、外部exobiology 外空生物学exogamy 异族通婚exosphere 外大气圈extra- == 以外、超过extrapolitical 政治外的,超政治的extraofficial 职权以外的extracurriculum 课外的extraordinary 格外的extra-special 特别优秀的extralegal 法律权力以外的extraprofessional 职业以外的extrasolar 太阳系以外的extraessential 离开本质的、非主要的fore- == aheadforehead 前额forecast 预测foreword 前言,序言foretell 预言foresee 预见foreword 序言,前言forearm 前臂foreknow 先知foretime 以往,过去foreground 前景forefather 前人,祖先forerun 先驱hecto- == 百hectogram 百克hectowatt 百瓦hectoampere 百安培hemi- 半hemisphere 半球hemicycle 半圆形hemicrania 偏头疼hepta- == 七(在母音前作hept-) heptagon 七角形heptode 七极管heptahedron 七面体hetero- == 异heteropolar 异极的heterosexual 异型的heterodoxy 异教,异端hexa- == 六(在母音前作hex-) hexagon 六角形hexode 六极管hexameter 六韵步诗holo- == 全hologram 全息图holography 全息照相术holophone 声音全息记录器holocrystalline 全结晶的holohedron 全面体holophote 全射镜homo- == of the samehomosexual 同性恋的homograph 同形异义词homotype 同型homopolar 同极的homophone 同音异义字homocentric 同中心的homothermic 同温的homogeneous 同族的homostasis 同态hyper- == above;excessive;too much hypercritical 吹毛求疵的hypertension 高血压hypersensitive 过敏的hypermilitant 极度好战的hyperslow 极慢的hypersuspicious 过分多疑的hypersexual 性欲极强的hyperverbal 说话太多hyperactive 活动过度的hypersonic 极超音速的hyperacid 胃酸过多的hypercorrection 矫枉过正hypo- == 下、低、次、少hyposensitize 减弱.敏感度hypodermic 皮下的hypoglossal 舌下的hypothermia 体温过低hypotension 低血压hypochlorite 次氯酸盐il- == (用在l之前)不、无、非illegal 非法的illogical 不合逻辑的illiterate 文盲illimitable 无限的illocal 不只一处的,无所不在的illiberal 吝啬的,粗鄙的il- == (用在l之前)加强引伸意义illustrate 举例说明,图解illuminate 照明im- == (用在b,p,m之前)into immigrate 移民inspect 视察ingress 入侵import 进口,输入imprison 入狱imbibe 吸收mmission 注入,允许进入immerge 浸入,没入im- == (用在b,p,m之前)不、无、非impossible 不可能的immemorial 古老的,无法记忆的imperfect 不完美的impolite 无礼的immoral 不道德的impassive 冷漠的,无表情的impure 不纯的impersonal 非个人的imbalance 不平衡的im- == (用在b,p,m之前)加强意义,或表示“使成...”、“饰以...”、“加以...”impulse 冲动,刺激immanacle 加以手铐impel 推动,驱使imbrute 堕落,使成禽兽imperil 危害,使处于危险impearl 使成珍珠,饰以珍珠in- == 不、无、非inglorious 不光彩的,不名誉的incapable 无能力的incorrect 错误的incomparable 无以伦比的incomplete 不完全的insensible 无知觉的,inhuman 野蛮的,不人道的injustice 不公正informal 非正式的in- == 内、入inside 内部,里面inbreak 入侵indoor 室内的intake 入口,输入量,摄入inland 内地的,国内的inbreathe 吸入inject 注射,注入inrush 涌入in- == 加强意义,或表示“使...”、“作...”inspirit 激励inflame 燃烧intrench,使起皱纹intone 吟诵invigorate 鼓舞ingraft 接枝infra- == belowinfrared 红外线的infrastructure 下部结构infrasonic 低于声频的infrahuman 类人猿的,低于人类的infrasound 次声,亚音速infraorbital 眼眶下的inter- == 在...之间、...之际intercontinental 洲际的interlay 插入中间international 国际的interline 插写进去,interoceanic 大洋间的intergroup 团体之间的intercity 城市间的interject 突然插入interpersonal 人与人之间的inter- == 相互interchange 交换interview 接见interact 相互作用interweave 混纺,交织interdependence intermix 混合,混杂intercourse 交往,交流interconnect 相互连接intermarry 通婚,近亲结婚intra- == 在内、内部intraparty 党内的intrapersonal 内心的intracity 市内的intraregional 地区内的intraday 当天的intracompany 公司内部的intracollegiate 大学内的intra-trading内部贸易intracloud 云间的intro- == withinintroduce 介绍introspect 反省introverted 内向introflection 向内弯曲intromit 插入introvision 内有ir- == (用在r之前)不、无irregular 不规则的irresistible不可抵抗irremovable 无法移动的irrelative 无关系的irrational无理性的irresolute 犹豫不决的ir- == (用在r之前)向内、入irruption 侵入,急速增加irrigate 灌溉iso- == 等、同isogen 等角多角形isotope 同位素isotherm 等温线kilo- == one thousand kilogram 千克kilometer 公里kiloton 千吨macro- == bigmacroworld 宏观世界macroclimate 大气候macroscale 大规模macrocosm 宏观世界macrochange 大变动macrobian 长寿的(人) mal- == wrongmaltreat 虐待malnutrition 营养不良malministration 管理不善malcontent 不满的malpractice 玩忽职守,malformation 畸形malfunction 机能失常,故障malodour 恶臭malediction 诅咒meta- == 超metaphysical形而上学的metaculture 超级文化metamaterialist 超唯物论者meta- == 变化metamorphosis ,变态,退化metagenesis 世代交替metachromatism 变色反应micro- == small microscope 显微镜microprocessor微处理机microcomputer 微型电脑microbiology 微生物学microelement 微量元素microworld 微观世界microskirt 超短裙microwave 微波microprint 缩影相片milli- == one thousandthmilliohm 毫欧millimeter 毫米millilitre 毫升milli- == thousandmillipede 千足虫milliennial 一千年的millifold 千倍的mini- == smallministate 小国minicrisis 短暂危机miniskirt 迷你裙、超短裙mis- == wrong;wrongly;unfavorable misuse 乱用mistake 错误misfortune 不幸misspell 拼错misdoing 恶行、坏事misunderstand 误解misrule (施)暴证misstep 失足mispolicy 失策mono- == one;alonemonarch 独裁者monotonous 单调的monodrama 单人剧multi- == manymultinational 多国的multilateral 多边的multiparty 多党的multi-purpose 多种用途的multilingual 使用多语言的multiracial 多民族的neo- == 新neorealism 新现实主义neonatal、初生的neogamist 新婚者neolithic 新石器时代neofascism 新法西斯主义neoimpressionism 新印象派non- == 非nonfiction 非小说类文学作品nonhuman 非人类的nonperiodic 非周期的nonmetal 非金属nonage 未成年nonwhite 非白人non- == 不nonsmoker 不抽烟的人nonaligned 不结盟的nonaggression 不侵略不侵略nonexistent 不存在的nonstop 不断的noncooperation 不合作non- == 无noneffective 无效的nonpayment 无力支付nonparty 无党派nonsexual 无性别的nonelastic 无弹性的nonreader 无阅读能力的人octa- == 八(亦作octo-与oct) octagon 八角形octosyllable 八音节字octolateral 八边的October 十月(古罗马八月) octocentenary 八百周年octachord 八弦琴omni- == 全、总、公、都omnipresent 无所不在的omnipotent 全能的omniform 式样齐全的omnibus 公共汽车、合刊本omniparity 一切平等omniscient 无所不知的out- == 外、出outburst 爆发outlet 出口outdoor 户外的out-party 在野党outwork 户外工作outtell 说出outflow 外流outbreak 突发outrush 冲出out- == 胜过、超过outdo 胜过、超越outrun比...跑得快outdistance 远远超过outgo 走得比...远、支出ourbrave 以勇胜过outlive 比...长命、outact 行动上胜过outeat 吃得比...多outnumber 数目超过out- == 过度、太甚outsize 特大号outsit 坐得太久outwear 穿旧、穿破out- == 除去outroot 除根outlaw 剥夺法律权利outgas 除去...的气over- == 过度、太甚overstudy 用功过度overwork 过度劳累overload 超负荷overtalk 过分多言overpraise 过奖overuse 使用过度overdrink 饮酒过量overproduction 生产过剩overpay 付得过多over- == 在上、在外、从上、越过overbridge 天桥oversea 海外的、国外的overcoat 外套overleap 越过overshoe 套鞋overlook 俯瞰over- == 颠倒、反转overturn 傾覆、推翻overthrow 推翻overset 推翻、颠覆paleo- == 古、旧paleozoology 古动物学Paleolithic 旧石器时代paleoclimate 史前气候pan- == 全、泛Pan-American 泛美的pancosmism 泛宇宙论pantropical 遍布于热带的pantheism 泛神论pansophic 全知的panchromatic 全色的para- == 半、类似、准para-party 半政党组织paramilitary 准军事的para-book 类似书籍的刊物para-institution 半官方机构parastatal 半官方的、半政府的para-government 伪政府的para- == 辅助、副paralanguage 辅助语言paraprofessional 专职人员的助手paratyphoid 副伤寒para- == 旁、靠近、外parasite 寄生虫paracentral 靠近中心的parabiosphere 外生物圈的para- == 错误、伪parachronism 年代记录错误paralogism 谬论paradox 谬论、自相矛盾的话para- == 降落伞、伞投、空降parabomb 伞投炸弹paradrop 空投parapack 空投包裹pen- == almost (亦作pene-) peninsula 半岛penultimate 倒数第二的peneplain 准平原penta- == fivethe Pentagon (美国国防部)五角大楼pentathlon 五项全能pentangular 五角的per- == 贯穿、通、透、全、遍、自始至终perspective 透视perennial 全年的、常年的pernocation 彻夜不眠permanent 永久的pervade 遍及perambulate 步行巡视、闲逛per- == 加强意义perplex 困惑permute 改变顺序perturb 扰乱perfervid 非常热心的percussion 敲击、打击乐persuade 劝说per- == 过、高(用于化学名词)peroxide 过氧化物peracid 过酸permanganate 高锰酸peri- == 周围、外层、靠近pericentral 中心周围的periphrasis 绕圈子的陈述perilune 近月点perimeter 周长,周边periderm (植物)外皮pericarp 果皮poly- == 多polyclinic 联合诊所、综合医院polyfunctional 多功能的polydirectional 多方向的post- == afterpostthumous 父死后出生的postpone 推迟postscript 编后记postwar 战后postgraduate 研究生、大学毕业后的pre- == 前prewarprelude 前奏premature 未成熟的prehistory 史前的preposition 前置词preschool 幼儿园、学龄前的precondition 前提predeparture 出发前的preteen 13岁以下的儿童prefix 前缀predawn 黎明前的prehuman 人类存在以前的pre- == 预先preexamination 预试prepay 预付prebuilt 预制的preheat 预热prechoose 预先选择predetermine 预定、预算pro- == 向前、在前progress 前进、发展prospect 展望prologue 前言prolong 延长protrude 突出、伸出project 计划、发射promote 促进、晋升propel 推进、鼓励protraction 伸长pro- == 代理、代替pronoun 代词procurator 代理人prolocutor 代言人pro- == 拥护、亲、赞成pro-British 亲英的pro-Bolshevik 拥护布尔什维克派proslavery 支持奴隶制度proto- == 原始protohuman 早期原始人prototype 原型protogenic 原生的pseudo- == false(在母音前作pseud-) pseudoscience 伪科学pseudo-democratic 假民主pseudonym 笔名pseudomyopia 假性近视pseudology 谎话pseudography 冒名作品quadri- == four(亦作quadru-,在母音前作quadr-)quadruple 四倍的,四重的quadrilateral 四边的quadrennial 四年的quasi- == partly;seemingly;notrealquasihistorical 带有历史性的quasi-official 半官方的quasi-public 私营公用事业的quinque- == 五(在母音前作quinqu-) quinquangular 五角的quinquennial 每五年的quinquesection 五等分re- == 回、向后retreat 撤退、退休、return 归回,收回recollect 回忆,忆起recall 召回、回忆reflect 反射、反省retract 缩回regress 倒退、退化reclaim 要求归还、回收rebound 弹回、重新振作re- == 再、重复、重新reprint 重印、再版reproduction 繁殖、复制rearm 重新武装rebuilt 重建rebirth 再生、复活、复兴reexamination 复试remarry 再婚restart 重新开始reconsider 重新考虑re- == 相反、反对reaction 反应、反作用reverse 相反的resist 反抗、抵抗revolt 反叛、造反rebel 造反(者)resent 愤狠、不满retro- == back;backward;behind retrograde 退化retrospect 回想,回顾retrogress 倒退se- == 离开、分开seduce 引诱、拐骗select 选择seclude 使隔离segregate 分离secede 脱离secern 区别semi- == halfsemifinal 半决赛semiliterate 半文盲的semiconductor 半导体semiofficial 半官方的semimonthly 半月刊semi-colony 半殖民地sept- == 七(亦作septi-及septem-) septangle 七角形septennial 每七年的septempartite 分七部分的sex- == 六(亦作sexi-)sexangle 六角形sexcentenary 六百年的sexdigitism 六指Sino- == 中国Sino-American 中美的Sinomania 中国热Sinology 汉学Sinophile 赞成中国的(人) Sinophobe 厌恶中国的(人) Sino-Tibetan 汉藏语系step- == 后、继stepfather 继父stepchild 前夫或妻的孩子stepbrother 异父(母)兄弟stereo- == 立体stereosonic 立体声的stereograph 立体照片stereoproject 立体投影sub- == 下subway 地铁substandard 标准以下的sub-zero 零度以下的submarine 水下的、潜水艇subnormal 低于正常的subsoil 底土、下层土sub- == 次、亚、准subcontinent 次大陆subcollege 准大学程度的subsonic 亚音速的subtropics 亚热带subfamily (生物)亚科subatomic 亚原子的sub- == 稍、略、微subacid 略酸的subacute 略尖的subangular 稍有棱角的subconical 略作圆锥形的subarid 略干燥的subsylindrical 略成圆筒状的sub- == 副、分支、下级subhead 副标题subworker 助手,副手subbranch 分店,分支subcommittee 小组委员会subofficer 下级官员subarea 分区subdepartment 分部、分局subeditor 副编辑suboffice 分办事处sub- == 接近subcentral 接近中心的subequal 接近相等的subadult 接近成年的subteen 十三岁左右少年的subarctic 近北极圈的subequatorial 近赤道的sub- == 更进一层、再subdivide 再分、细分sublet 转租subculture 再培养sub- == 用于化学名词,表示化合物成分含量少的suboxide 低氧化物subcarbide 低碳化物subchloride 低氯化物super- == 超superspeed 超高速的superconductivity 超导supersonic 超音速的supersized 超大型的supersecrecy 绝密superpower 超级大国supernatural 超自然的superman 超人superprofit 超额利润super- == 上superstructure 上层建筑supervise 监督、管理superimpose 叠覆superstratum 上层superaqueous 水上的superterrene 地上的super- == 过度、过多superexitation 过度兴奋superheat 过热supercharge 负荷过大supercool 过度冷却supersensitive 过敏的supernutrition 营养过多supra- == 超、上suprarenal 肾上腺的supramundane 超越世俗的supranational 超国家的sur- == 上、外、超surface 表面surrealism 超现实主义surpass 超过surcoat 外套、女外衣surmount 在...顶上surtax 附加税surprint 加印于...上surround 包围、环境surplus 剩余、盈余sym- == 共同、相同sympathy 同情symphony 交响曲symmetry 对称syn- == 共同、相同synactic 共同作用的synonym 同义字synchronize 使同步synchronous 同时的syntony 共振、谐振synthesis 合成、综合tetra- == 四(在母音前作tetr) tetracycline 四环素tetrode 四极管tetragon 四角形trans- == 越过、横过、超transnational 超越国界的transcontinental 横穿大陆的transnormal 超出常规的transpersonal 超越个人的transmarine 横越海洋的、transfrontier 在国境外的trans- ==转移、变换transform 改变...之外形transvest 换穿异性衣服transposition 调换transcode 译密码transmigrate 移居transplant 移植transship 转船(车)transport 运输translate 翻译tri- == threetripod 三角架triangle 三角(形)trilogy 三部曲twi- == 二twiformed 有二形的twifold 两倍twiforked 有两叉的ultra- == 超、以外ultrasonic 超声的ultrared 红外线的ultramodern 超现代化的ultramarine 海外的ultra-violet 紫外线的ultramontane 山那边的、ultra- == 极端ultra-democracyultrapureultra-left 极左的un- == 相反动作、取消、除去unbind 解放,解开unlock 开锁unpack 开包undo 解开unbutton 解开纽扣uncap 脱帽、打开un- == 不unreal 不真实的uncomfortable 不舒服的unclear 不清楚的unfriendly 不友善的unwelcome 不受欢迎的unfortunate 不幸的un- == 无uncondictional 无条件的unmanned 无人的unambitious 无野心的unfathered 私生的unbodied 无形体的unaccented 无重音的un- == 非unjust 非正义的unofficial 非官方的unartificial 非人工的un- == 未uncorrected 未修正的undecided 未定的uncivilized 未开化的un- == 由...中弄出untomb 掘墓unearth 从地下掘出unhouse 赶出家去unbosom 吐露心事uncage 从笼中放出uncase 从箱中取出under- == 下underworld 下流社会、underfoot 在脚下、碍事underline 下划线underside 下面、下側underlay 垫起underwrite 签在...下、认购under- == 内(用于衣服) underclothing 内衣underthings 女子内衣裤underskirt 衬裙undervest 贴身内衣underpants 内裤underwear (总称)内衣under- == 不足、少underproduction 生产不足、underpay 付资不足underestimate 低估undermanned 人员不足underdress 穿得太少underfed 营养不良、吃得不饱under- == 副、次underagent 副代理人underking 副王undersecretary 次长、副部长uni- == oneunilateral 单方面的unify 使统一uniform 同样的vice- == 副vice-chairman 副主席vice-govrernor 副总督vice-consul 副领事with- == 向后、相反withdraw 收回、撤退withstand 抵挡、反抗withhold 阻止考研英语词汇后缀汇总一、名词后缀1.具有某种职业或动作的人1)-an, -ian, 表示……地方的人,精通……的人American, historian2)-al, 表示具有……职务的人principal3)-ant,-ent, 表示……者merchant, agent, servant, student4)-ar, 表示……的人scholar, liar, peddler5)-ard, -art, 表示做……的人coward, laggard (落伍者), braggar t (夸张者) 6)-arian, 表示……派别的人, ……主义的人humanitarian, vegetarian7)-ary, 表示从事……的人secretary, missionary8)-ant, 表示具有……职责的人candidate, graduate9)-ator, 表示做……的人educator, speculator (投机者)10)-crat, 表示某种政体,主义的支持者democrat, bureaucrat11)-ee, 表示动作承受者employee, examinee12)-eer, 表示从事于……人engineer, volunteer13)-er, 表示从事某种职业的人, 某地区,地方的人banker, observer, Londoner, villa ger14)-ese, 表示……国人,………地方的人Japanese, Cantonese15)-ess, 表示阴性人称名词actress, hostess, manageress16)-eur, 表示……家amateur, litterateur17)-ian, 表示……地方人,信仰……教的人,从事……职业的人Christian, physician (内科医生),m usician18)-ician, 表示精通者, ……家electrician, magician, technician19)-icist, 表示……家, ……者,……能手physicist, phoneticist, technicis t20)-ic, 表示……者,……师mechanic, critic21)-ie, 表示爱,指小dearie, auntie, lassie (小姑娘)22)-ier, 表示从事……职业cavalier, clothier, brazier (黄铜匠)23)-ine, ina, 表示阴性人称heroine, ballerina24)-ist, 表示从事……研究者,信仰……主义者pianist, communist, dentist, arti st, chemist25)-ive, 表示动作者,行为者native, captive26)-logist, 表示……学家,研究者biologist, geologist (地质学家)27)-or, 表示……者author, doctor, operator,28)-ster, 表示做……事情的人youngster, gamester (赌徒),songst er29)-yer, 表示从事……职业者lawyer2.具有抽象名词的含义1)-acy, 表示性质,状态,境遇accuracy, diplomacy2)-age, 表示状态,行为,身份及其结果,总称courage, storage, marriage3)-al, 表示事物的动作,过程refusal, arrival, survival, denia l, approvalb) 表示具体的事物manual, signal, editorial, journa l4)-ance, -ence表示性质,状况,行为,过程,总量,程度endurance, importance, diligence, difference, obedience 5)-ancy, -ency, 表示性质,状态,行为,过程frequency, urgency, efficiency,6)-bility, 表示动作,性质,状态possibility, feasibility,7)-craft, 表示工艺,技巧woodcraft, handicraft, statecraft (治国策)8)-cracy, 表示统治,支配bureaucracy, democracy9)-cy, 表示性质,状态,职位,级别bankruptcy (破产),supremacy10)-dom, 表示等级,领域,状态freedom, kingdom, wisdom11)-ery, -ry, 表示行为,状态,习性bravery, bribery, rivalry12)-ety, 表示性质,状态variety, dubiety (怀疑)13)-faction, -facture, 表示作成,……化,作用satisfaction, manufacture14)-hood, 表示资格,身份, 年纪,状态childhood, manhood, falsehood15)-ice, 表示行为,性质,状态notice, justice, service16)-ine, 表示带有抽象概念medicine, discipline, famine17)-ing, 表示动作的过程,结果building, writing, learning18)-ion, -sion, -tion, -ation, -i tion, 表示行为的过程,结果,状况action, solution, conclusion, des truction, expression, correction19)-ise, 表示性质,状态exercise, merchandise (商业)20)-ism, 表示制度,主义,学说,信仰,行为socialism, criticism, colloquiali sm, heroism21)-ity, 表示性质,状态,程度purity, reality, ability, calamit y22)-ment, 表示行为,状态,过程,手段及其结果treatment, movement, judgment, pu nishment, argument23)-mony, 表示动作的结果,状态ceremony, testimony24)-ness, 表示性质,状态,程度goodness, kindness, tiredness, fr iendliness25)-or, -our, 表示动作,性质,状态favor, error26)-osity, 表示动作,状态 curiosit y27)-ship, 表示情况,性质,技巧,技能及身份,职业hardship, membership, friendship28)-th, 表示动作,性质,过程,状态depth, wealth, truth, length, gro wth29)-tude, 表示性质,状态,程度latitude, altitude (海拔)30)-ure, 表示行为,结果exposure, pressure, failure, proc edure (手续) 31)-y, 表示行为的结果,状态,性质glory, history, victory, inquiry3.带有场所、地方的含义1)-age, 表示住所,地点village, cottage2)-ary, 表示住所,场地。
Sub-①表示“在下面,次一等,副手”subdue vt.使服从, 压制, 减弱, 抑制, 克制(sub+due从属→从属在下面→征服)subjugate vt.征服, 使服从, 抑制, 克制(sub+jug牛轭+ate→套上牛轭→镇压)subconscious adj.下意识的, 潜意识的(sub+conscious有意识的→在意识之下→潜意识的)submerge vt.使浸水, 使陷入, 淹没 vi.潜入水中(sub+merge淹没→淹没下去) submissive adj.顺从的, 服从的, 柔顺的(sub+miss给→ive→在下面给→恭顺的)subordinate adj.下级的, 次要的, 附属的 vt.使居下位, 使服从 n.属下, 附属物(sub+ordin顺序+ate→顺序在下→附属的)suborn vt.唆使, 怂恿, 收买(sub+orn装饰→在下面装饰→贿赂)subscribe vt.捐献, 签署 vi.赞成, 同意, 捐款, 预订(sub+scribe写→在下面写上名字→订购)subside vi.沉淀, 沉降, 平息(sub+terr地+anean→地下的)subterranean adj.地下的, 秘密的 n.地下室, 地下工作者(sub+terr转→转下去→推翻)subtitle n.副标题(sub+tropics热带)subeditor n.助理编辑(sub+editor编辑)suboffice n.分办事处(sub+office办公室)②表示“接近,靠近”subcentral adj.接近中心的(sub+central中心的)subaratic adj.近北极的(sub+arctic北极的)subadult adj.接近成年的(sub+adult成年人)subacid adj.略酸的(sub+acid酸)subarid adj.有点干燥的(sub+arid干燥的)Super-①表示“超级,超过,过度”supersized adj.超大型的(super+sized有范围的)supersonic adj.超音速的(super+sonic声音的)supernatural adj.超自然的(super+natural自然的)superfluous adj.多余的(super+flu流+ous→流出太多)supercilious adj.目中无人的(super+cili眉毛+ous→在眉毛上看人→目中无人)②表示“在…上面”supervise vt.临视(super+vise看→在上面看→临视)superimpose vt.放…上面,强加(super+impose放上去→在上面放→强加) superficial adj.肤浅的(super+fic做+ial→在表面上做)superintend at.监督(super+intend关心→在上面关心→监督)supersede vt.淘汰;取代(super+sede坐→坐上去→淘汰〔以前的东西〕) superstition n.迷信(super+stit站+ion→站在人〔理智〕之上的东西→迷信)。
sub做前缀的单词汇总以下是一些以"sub"为前缀的常见单词汇总:1.subpar(adj.)- 不及格的,低于标准的2.submerge(v.)- 淹没,浸没3.subordinate(adj.)- 次要的,从属的;(v.)使居于下位,使从属4.submarine(adj./n.)- 水下的,潜水的;潜艇5.subconscious(adj./n.)- 潜意识的,下意识的;潜意识6.substandard(adj.)- 低于标准的,次品的7.subdivide(v.)- 细分,细分为更小的部分8.subheading(n.)- 副标题,小标题9.subway(n.)- 地铁,地下通道10.subculture(n.)- 亚文化,次文化11.subcontract(v./n.)- 分包,转包;分包工作,分包合同12.subconscious(adj./n.)- 潜意识的,下意识的;潜意识13.subscript(n.)- 下标,脚注14.subterranean(adj.)- 地下的,地底的15.substitute(v./n.)- 代替,替代;替代物,代替者16.subdue(v.)- 征服,制服17.subheading(n.)- 副标题,小标题18.subclass(n.)- 亚类,子类19.subversion(n.)- 颠覆,破坏20.subaltern(adj.)- 次要的,下级的21.subtitle(n.)- 副标题,字幕22.submerge(v.)- 淹没,浸没23.subsystem(n.)- 子系统24.subjective(adj.)- 主观的25.subcompact(n.)- 小型轿车26.subsidize(v.)- 补贴,资助27.subtotal(n.)- 小计28.subcontract(v./n.)- 分包,转包;分包工作,分包合同29.substantiate(v.)- 证实,确证30.subcommittee(n.)- 小组委员会31.subconscious(adj./n.)- 潜意识的,下意识的;潜意识32.substandard(adj.)- 低于标准的,次品的33.subdivide(v.)- 细分,细分为更小的部分34.subordinate(adj./n.)- 次要的,从属的;下级,部下35.subculture(n.)- 亚文化,次文化36.subway(n.)- 地铁,地下通道37.subterranean(adj.)- 地下的,地底的38.submerge(v.)- 淹没,浸没39.subjugate(v.)- 征服,制服40.subatomic(adj.)- 亚原子的,次原子的41.subsequence(n.)- 后续,随后发生的事42.substantive(adj./n.)- 实质性的,本质上的;实词43.subside(v.)- 平息,消退44.subdue(v.)- 征服,制服45.suboptimal(adj.)- 亚最优的,次优的46.subjective(adj.)- 主观的,个人的47.submarine(adj./n.)- 潜水的,水下的;潜艇48.subvention(n.)- 补助金,津贴49.subsidize(v.)- 补贴,资助50.subtract(v.)- 减去,扣除51.subculture(n.)- 亚文化,次文化52.subside(v.)- 平息,减弱53.subcontract(v./n.)- 转包,分包;分包工作,分包合同54.subsequent(adj.)- 随后的,后来的55.subconscious(adj./n.)- 潜意识的,下意识的;潜意识56.subset(n.)- 子集,子群57.subatomic(adj.)- 亚原子的,次原子的58.submerge(v.)- 淹没,浸没59.subdue(v.)- 征服,制服60.substitution(n.)- 替代,代替61.subside(v.)- 平息,消退62.subcommittee(n.)- 委员会的分支小组63.submit(v.)- 递交,提交64.subscriber(n.)- 订户,用户65.subscribe(v.)- 订阅,订购66.subordinate(adj./n.)- 从属的,下级的;部下,下属67.substandard(adj.)- 不合格的,低于标准的68.subplot(n.)- 次要情节,支线剧情69.subtext(n.)- 潜台词,隐含意义70.subgroup(n.)- 子群,小团体。
2021考研英语:高频词汇的前缀备考(12)考研英语备考很多事情都要提上日程了,看看哪些是该注意的,下面由小编为你精心准备了“2021考研英语:高频词汇的前缀备考(12)”,持续关注本站将可以持续获取更多的考试资讯!2021考研英语:高频词汇的前缀备考(12)77.trans-① 表示“横过,越过”transcontinetal横贯大陆的(trans+continental大陆的)transnormal超出常规的(trans+noraml正常的)transcend超越,胜过(trans+scend爬→爬过→超越)transgress冒犯;违背(trans+gress走→横着走→冒犯)transmit传送,传播(trans+mit送→横着送消息→传播)transparent透明的(trans+par平等+ent→横穿过去看得一样清楚→透明的)transect横切,横断(trans+sect切→横切)② 表示“变换,改变,转移”tranplant移植(trans+plant种→转移过去→移植)transaction交易;办理(trans+action行动→交换行动→交易)transcribe抄写,转录(trans+scribe写→把写的东西移到〔另一张纸上〕→抄写)transfigure改观;变形(trans+figure形状→改变形状)transfuse输血;充满(trans+fuse流→〔血〕流过去→输血)transitory短暂的(trans+it走+ory→走过就变→输血)transmogrify变得古怪,变形(trans+mogr怪形状+ify→变成怪形状)78.ultra-① 表示“极端”ultrapure极纯的(ultra+pure纯的)ultramilitant极端好战的(ultra+militant好斗的)ultraclean极洁净的(ultra+clean干净的)ultra-reactionary极端反动的(ultra+reactionary反动的)ultraliberal极端自由主义的(ultra+liberal自由的)② 表示“超出,超过”ultrasonic超音速的(ultra+sonic声音的)ultramodern超现代化的(ultra+modern现代化的)ultramundane超俗的(ultra+mudane俗气的)ultrared红外线的(ultra+red红色的)ultraviolet紫外线的(ultra+violet紫色的)79.un-① 表示“不,无,非,没有”unreal不真实(un+real真实的)unequal不平等的(un+equal平等的)unfortunate不幸的(un+fortunate幸运的)unabashed不害臊的(un+abashed难为情的)unassuming不摆架子的(un+assuming自以为是的)uncommitted不承担责任的(un+committed担责任的)unscrupulous肆无忌惮的(un+scrupulosu小心的)untoward不幸的;逆境的(un+toward顺利的→不顺的)unconditional无条件的(un+conditional有条件的)unlimitted无限的(un+limited有限的)unambitious无野心的(un+ambitious有雄心的)unconscionable无节制的(un+conscionabe明智的)unfailing无尽的,无穷的(un+failing有尽头;失败的→没有尽头的)unofficial非官方的(un+official官方的)unjust非正义的(un+just公正的)unworldly非尘世的(un+worldly世俗的)uneducated未受教育的(un+educated有教养的)uncivilized未开化的(un+civilized文明的)undecided未决定的(un+decided决定的)unalloyed未掺杂的(un+alloy合金,混合+ed→没混合的)uncharted图上没标明的(un+chared图上标明的)② 表示“打开,解开,弄出”unlock开锁(un+lock锁)unbind解开(un+bind捆住)unbutton解开钮扣(un+botton钮扣)uncover揭开盖子(un+cover盖子)undress脱衣服(un+dress衣服)untomb掘墓(un+tomb墓)unearth从地下挖出(un+earth土地)unbosom吐露)(un+bosom胸→打开心胸→吐露)unravel解开;拆散(un+ravel纠缠)80.under-① 表示“在…下”underground地下的(under+ground地)underwrite在…下面写(under+write写)underline划线于…下(under+line线,在字底下划线,引申为强调)undersea在海底(under+sea海)undermine破坏,损坏(under+mine挖→挖墙角)underling下属(under+ling小人物→下属)underclothing内衣裤(under+clothing衣服)underwear内衣(under+wear穿衣服)② 表示“不足,不够”underestimate估计不足(under+estimate估计)underplay对…轻描淡写(under+play玩→没玩够→说得不够的) underpopulated人口稀少的(under+populated有人住的)underdeveloped不发达的(under+developed发展→发展不够) undersized不够大的(under+sized大的→不够大的)③ 表示“副手”underagent副代理人(under+agent代理人)underofficer下级官员(under+officer官员)2021考研英语:高频词汇的前缀备考(11)73. sur-表示“超过,在上面”surface表面(sur+face脸面)surpass超过(sur+pass通过→在上面通过→超越)surrealism超现实主义(sur+realism现实主义)surmount登上,超越(sur+mount山→在山上→登上)surplus多余的(sur+plus多余;加→多出很多)surcharge附加费(sur+charge收费→额外的收费→附加费)surveillance临视;看守(sur+veil看+lance→在上面看→临视)survival幸存,生存(sur+viv活+al→经过事故活着→幸存)74. super-① 表示“超级,超过,过度”supersized超大型的(super+sized有范围的)supersonic超音速的(super+sonic声音的)supernatural超自然的(super+natural自然的)superfluous多余的(super+flu流+ous→流出太多)supercilious目中无人的(super+cili眉毛+ous→在眉毛上看人→目中无人)supersensitive过度敏感的(super+sensitive敏感的)supercharge负载过重(super+chrage收费,负担→负担过重)② 表示“在…上面”supervise临视(super+vise看→在上面看→临视)superstructure上层建筑(super+structure结构)superimpose放…上面,强加(super+impose放上去→在上面放→强加)superficial肤浅的(super+fic做+ial→在表面上做)superintend监督(super+intend关心→在上面关心→监督)supersede淘汰;取代(super+sede坐→坐上去→淘汰〔以前的东西〕)superstition迷信(super+stit站+ion→站在人〔理智〕之上的东西→迷信)75.sus-表示“在…下面”susceptible易受感染的,易受影响的(sus+cept拿+ible→能被拿下→易受影响)susceptive有接受力的;敏感的(sus+cept拿+ive→有拿下的能力→有接受力的)suspect怀疑(sus+pect看→在下面看一看→怀疑)suspend悬挂,中止(sus+pend挂→挂在下面→悬挂)suspense担心;悬而不决(sus+pense挂→一颗心挂着)suspire叹息,渴望(sus+pire呼吸→喝望)sustain支撑;承受(sus+tain握住→在下面握住→支撑)sustenance生活资料,粮食(sus+ten支撑+ance→支撑下去的东西→粮食;坚持)76.sym-,syn-表示“共同,相同”sympathy同情(sym+pathy感情)symphony交响乐(sym+phony声音)symmetry对称(sym+metry测量→两边测量一样→对称)symbiosis共生(sym+bio生命+sis→共同生命)symposium专题讨论会(sym+pos放+ium→放在一起〔讨论〕→专题讨论)synchronous同时发生的(syn+chron时间+ous→共同时间的) synonym同义词(syn+onym名字→名字相同→同义词)synthesis合成(syn+thesis放→放在一起→合成)synopsis摘要,概要(syn+ops选择+is→共同选出→摘要)syndrome综合症状(syn+drome跑→跑到一起→综合症) 2021考研英语:高频词汇的前缀备考(10)70.se-表示“分开,离开,区别开”secede正式退出(组织)(se+cede走→走开→退出)seclude和别人隔离;隐居(se+clude关闭→分开关→隐居的)secrete分泌;藏匿(se+crete分辨→分辨开→分泌;藏起来;)sedition煽动叛乱(sed=se+it走+ion→分开走→煽动叛乱)seduce勾引,诱惑(se+duce引→引开→勾引别人)segregate隔离(se+greg群+ate→和人群分开→隔离)sever切断;脱离(se+ver分开→分离开→切断)select选出(se+lect选→选出分开)71.sub-① 表示“在下面,次一等,副手”subdue征服;减轻(sub+due从属→从属在下面→征服)subjugate镇压;征服(sub+jug牛轭+ate→套上牛轭→镇压)subliminal潜意识的(sub+limin门槛+al→在门槛下→在意识之下→潜意识的)submerge沉没,淹没(sub+merge淹没→淹没下去)submissive恭顺的(sub+miss给→ive→在下面给→恭顺的)subordinate附属的(sub+ordin顺序+ate→顺序在下→附属的) suborn收买,贿赂(sub+orn装饰→在下面装饰→贿赂)subscribe捐献,订购(sub+scribe写→在下面写上名字→订购) subside下陷;平息(sub+terr地+anean→地下的)subterranean地下的(sub+terr转→转下去→推翻)subcontinent次大陆(sub+continetn大陆)subtropics亚热带(sub+tropics热带)subtitle副标题(sub+tropics热带)subeditor助理编辑(sub+editor编辑)suboffice分办事处(sub+office办公室)② 表示“接近,靠近”subcentral接近中心的(sub+central中心的)subaratic近北极的(sub+arctic北极的)subadult接近成年的(sub+adult成年人)subacid略酸的(sub+acid酸)subarid有点干燥的(sub+arid干燥的)72. suc-, suf-, sup-, sur-等在同辅音词根前表示“在…下面”succeed 成功(suc+ceed走→从下走到上面→成功)succinct简洁的,简明的(suc+cinct捆→在下面先捆好→简洁的) succumb屈从;死亡(suc+cumb躺→躺下去→屈从;死亡)sufficient足够的(suf+fici做+ent→在下面先做好,用的时候→足够的)suffer受苦(suf+fer带→带到下面去→受苦)suffix后缀(suf+fix固定→在后面固定→后缀)suffocate窒息(suf+foc喉咙+ate→把〔手〕放喉咙下→窒息)suffuse弥漫,染遍(suf+fuse流→流下去→流遍,染遍)supplant排挤,取代(sup+plant种植→种在下面,把上面的取代) supplicant哀求的恳求的(sup+plic重量+ant→双膝重叠跪下→哀求的)supplicate恳求,乞求(sup+plic重叠+ate→〔膝盖〕重叠跪下→恳求)support支持(sup+port带→带来支持)suppress镇压,压制(sup+press压→压下去)suppose猜想,推测(sup+pose放→放下去想→猜想)surreptitious鬼鬼崇崇的(sur+rept爬+itious→在下面爬→鬼鬼崇崇的)surrogate代替品;代理人(sur+rog要求+ate→要求下面〔有人〕→代理人)surround包围(sur+round圆圈→在下面围一圈)surrounding环境(surround+ing→被围起来的状态→环境)。
subliminal词根词缀
"sub-" 是一个常见的词根,表示"在...之下"或"次于"的含义。
它通常用于构成形容词、副词或名词。
例如,在单词"submarine"中,"sub-"表示"在水下",指的是潜水艇。
在单词"subordinate"中,"sub-"表示"次于",指的是下属或从属的意思。
另外,"sub-" 也可以表示"部分"或"不完全"的含义。
比如,在
单词"subpar"中,"sub-"表示"不完全",指的是不达标准或不足够
好的意思。
"sub-" 这个词根常见于英语单词中,可以帮助我们理解和记忆
许多词汇。
希望这个解释能够帮助你更好地理解这个词根的含义。
sub
作为前缀的常见用法
表示在下面,次一等,副手
o例如:
subdue vt.使服从, 压制, 减弱, 抑制, 克制
o subjugate vt.征服, 使服从, 抑制, 克制
o subliminal adj.下意识的, 潜在意识的, 识阈的
o submerge vt.使浸水, 使陷入, 淹没vi.潜入水中
o suborn vt.唆使, 怂恿, 收买, 使作伪证
o subscribe vt.捐献, 签署vi.赞成, 同意, 捐款, 预订, 认购
o subside vi.沉淀, 沉降, 平息
o subterranean adj.地下的, 秘密的n.地下室, 地下工作者
o suboffice n.分办事处
o subeditor n.副编辑, 助理编辑, 副主编, 文字编辑, 审稿人
o subtitle n.副题(书本中的), 说明对白的字幕, 说明或对白的
字幕
o subtropics n.亚热带地方
o subcontinent n.次大陆
o subordinate adj.下级的, 次要的, 附属的vt.使居下位, 使
服从n.属下, 附属物
o submissive adj.顺从的, 服从的, 柔顺的
表示接近,靠近
o例如:
subarid adj.半干燥的
o subacid adj.稍带酸味的, 稍带尖刻的, 颇有讽刺
意味的
o subadult n.接近成年的人adj.接近成年的
o subcentral adj.位于中心点下的。
sub的用法范文Sub的常用用法有以下几种:1. 作为前缀:sub-常用于表示“下方的”,“较低级别的”或“次要的”含义。
例如,subway(地铁)指的是地面以下的交通系统,subtitle(字幕)指的是辅助视频内容的文字显示,submarine(潜水艇)是指能够在水下航行的船只。
2. 作为前缀:sub-可以表示“在...之下”或“低于...”的含义。
例如,subsoil(底土)是指地表之下的土壤层,subzero(零度以下)指的是低于零度的气温。
3. 作为前缀:sub-可以表示“部分地”,“不完全地”或“不充分地”的含义。
例如,substandard(不合格的)指的是品质不达标的,suboptimal(次优的)指的是不够理想的。
4. 作为前缀:sub-可以表示“在...下面”或“靠近...的边缘”的含义。
例如,suburbs(郊区)指的是城市的边缘地区,submarine(水面下的)指的是能够在水下航行的。
5. 在数学中,sub可以表示“减去”的含义。
例如,subtract(减法)是指减去一个值或数目。
6. 在电子邮件中,sub可以作为subject(主题)的缩写形式,用来指明邮件的主题或标题。
7. 在体育比赛中,sub可以作为substitute(替补)的缩写形式,用来指代替换上场的球员。
8. 在金融领域中,sub可以作为subscription(订阅)的缩写形式,用来指订阅其中一种服务或产品。
9. 在网络语言中,sub可以作为subreddit(子论坛)的缩写形式,用来指一些特定主题的论坛。
总结起来,sub作为前缀可以表示“下方的”,“较低级别的”或“次要的”含义,也可以表示“在...之下”或“低于...”的含义,还可以表示“部分地”,“不完全地”或“不充分地”的含义,以及“在...下面”或“靠近...的边缘”的含义。
此外,sub还有其他领域中的特定用途和缩写形式。
The Latin Part拉丁语部分Supplement-Spelling rules附录——拼写规则The root prefix-‘sub’“前缀词根”——“sub”‘sub’– is a Latin word that expresses the following ideas:“sub”——是一个表示下列含义的拉丁语单词:1. ‘under’ or ‘down’, for example: from ‘sub’ + ‘ducere’, meaning literally ‘to lead under’ from which we get the English word ‘subdue’.“在……之下”或“在下面”,例如:由“sub” + “ducere”,其字面含义为“在……的领导之下”,从中我们引申出了英语单词“subdue”(征服、使屈服)。
2. ‘close to’ or ‘next to’, for example from ‘sub’ + ‘urbs’, from which we get ‘suburb’ .“在……附近”或“和……相邻”,例如由“sub” + “urbs”,从中我们引申出了英语单词“suburb”(郊区、城郊)。
The form of the ‘root prefix’‘sub’ is governed by spelling rules, which are set out below:“前缀词根”“sub”的形态是由它的拼写规则决定的,其拼写规则见下:No change rule没有变化的规则1. The ‘root prefix’‘sub’ does not change form before words that begin with vowels or any of the following consonants: b, d, j, l, n, s, t,and v. For example:“前缀词根”“sub”在以元音字母或以下列任何一个辅音字母:b、d、j、l、n、s、t和v开头的单词之前不改变其形态。
例如:‘subordinare’= sub + ordinarefrom which we get the English word: ‘subordinate’从中引申出了英语单词:“subordinate”(下级的、附属的)2. The ‘root prefix’‘sub’never changes when used as a ‘living’prefix. For example:“前缀词根”“sub”在作为一个“自由”前缀被使用时永远不变。
例如:a subcontractor, a subplot, a sub-post office, or a subgroup.(分包人/分包商、次要情节/从属情节、邮政分局、下属的小组)For living prefixes a hyphen can be used unless the usage is well established; in which case the solid form is more common. For more details about hyphens see the Supplement ‘The use of hyphens’.除非对于一个单词的不使用连字符的写法已广泛为人们所接受,便可以使用连字符把自由前缀与这个单词连接起来。
在为人们所广泛接受的写法中,不使用连字符的这种固定的形态更常见。
关于连字符的详细用法见附录“连字符的使用”。
Double consonant rule双辅音规则The ‘b’ of the ‘sub’ changes in front of a word beginning with the consonants c, f, g, p, m,and r,and is replaced by the first consonant of the word. This produces a double consonant, for example:“sub”中的“b”在以辅音字母c、f、g、p、m和r开头的单词之前改变,并被那个单词的第一个辅音字母所替换。
这样就产生了双辅音,例如:From ‘sub’ + ‘figere’= su+f +figerefrom which we get the English word: ‘suffix’从中引申出了英语单词:“suffix”(后缀)Part 1No change rule第一部分没有变化的规则Before the vowels and before the consonants: b, d, j, l, n, s, t, and v.在元音字母和辅音字母b、d、j、l 、n、s、t和v之前Before the vowels: a, e, i, o, and u.在元音字母a、e、i、o和u之前asubaltern L. sub"under" + alternus"every other (one)" (see alternate).eNo examplesiNo examplesosubordinate. sub"under" + ordinare"arrange" (see ordain).suborn sub"under, secretly" + ornare"equip," related to ordo"order."usuburb sub"below, near" + urbs(gen. urbis) "cityExceptions例外sudden Fr. subdain"sudden," L. subitus" stealthily," from sub"up to" + ire" to go."Before the consonants: b, d, j, l, n, s, t, and v.在辅音字母b、d、j、l 、n、s、t和v之前bsubconscious"not wholly conscious" psychological sense, is from 1890.dsubdivision sub in the sense of "resulting from further division" + division. subdue sub"from under" + ducere"to lead."jsubject sub"under" + combining form of jacere"to throw."subjugation sub"under" + jugum(see yoke).subjunctive sub"under" + jungere"to join" (see yoke)lsublet- 1766, from sub-+ let(v.).sublimination(see sublime).sublime sub"up to" + limen"lintel."subliminal sub"below" + L. limen(gen. liminis) "threshold."nsubnormalsubnuclearssubscribe from sub"underneath" + scribere"write.".subscript" (see subscribe).subscription(see subscribe).subsequent sub"closely, up to" + sequi"follow."subservient sub"under" + servire"serve."subside sub"down" + sidere"to settle," related to sedere(see sit). subsidiary(see subsidy).subsidy sub"behind, near" + sedere"to sit."subsistence sub"under, up to" + sistere"to assume a standing position," stare"to stand."substance sub"up to, under" + stare"to stand."substantial see substance).substantiate(see substance).substantive(see substance).substitution sub"under" + statuere"set up."subsume. sub"under" + sumere"to take."Exceptions例外suspect (adj.)sub"up to" + specere"to look at."suspicion(see suspect).tsubtend sub"under" + tendere"to stretch."subterfuge subter"beneath, secretly" + fugere"flee."subterranean sub"under" + terra"earth."subtext- 1950, sub+ text from texere“to weave”.subtitle sub-"under" + title.subtle sub"under" + -tilis,from tela"web" and texere"to weave." subtraction sub"from under" + trahere"to pull, draw."Exceptions例外sustain sub"up from below" + tenere"to hold."vsubvention from sub"up to" + venire"come."subversion(see subvert). Subversive(adj.) is first recorded 1644; the noun is from 1887.subvert- c.1375, from L. subvertere,from sub"under" + vertere"to turn."Part 2第二部分Double consonant rule双辅音规则Before the consonants: c, f, g, p, m, and r.在辅音字母c、f、g、p、m和r之前csucceed sub"next to, after" + cedere"go, move." The sense of "turn out well, have a favorable result" is first recorded 1475 with ‘succeed well’. Now the ‘well’is redundant.success(see succeed).succession(see succeed).succinct sub"up from under" + cingere"to gird."succor sub"up to" + currere"to run."succulent L. succulentus"having juice," from succus"juice, sap."succumb sub"down" + -cumbere"take a reclining position," relatedto cubare"lie down."Exceptions例外susceptible sub"up from under" + capere"to take,"fsuffer L. sufferre"to bear, undergo, endure," from sub"up, under"+ ferre"to carry.".suffice sub"up to" + root of facere"to make."suffix sub"upon" + figere"fasten."suffocation sub"up (from under)" + fauces(pl.) "throat, narrow entrance."suffrage L. suffragium", vote, right of voting," from suffragari", vote for someone," sub"under" + fragor"crash, din, shouts (as of approval)," related to frangere"to break."suffusion sub"under" + fundere"to pour."gsuggestion sub"up" + gerere"bring, carry." Sense evolution in L. is from "heap up, build" to "bring forward an idea.".msummon L. summonere"hint to," from sub"under" + monere"warn, advise." Exceptions例外submarine sub-+ marine.submerge sub"under" + mergere"to plunge, immerse."submersion(see submerge).submission(see submit).submit sub"under" + mittere"let go, send."psupplant sub"under" + planta"sole of the foot."supple sub"under" + placare"appease."supplement(see supply). The verb is first recorded 1829.supply L. supplere"fill up, complete," from sub"up from below"+ plere"to fill."support from sub"up from under" + portare"carry."suppose sub"under" + ponere"put, place.".suppository(see suppose).suppress sub"down, under" + premere"push against" (see press)Exceptions例外subpoena. sub"under" + poena,ablative of poena"penalty."subplot sub + plotsuspend sub"up from under" + pendere"cause to hang, weigh."suspense(see suspend).suspension(see suspend). Suspension bridge first recorded 1821.rsurreptitious sub"from under" (hence, "secretly") + rapere"to snatch." surrogate L. surrogare"put in another's place," from sub"in the place of, under" + rogare"to ask, propose."Exceptions例外surge L. surgere"to rise," contraction of surrigere"to rise,"from sub"up from below" + regere"to keep straight, guide."Part 3第三部分Words with a different Latin origin源于其它拉丁语词根的单词suction L. sugere"to suck."sue L. *sequere"follow," from L. sequi"follow."suet Fr. diminutive of sius,the nominative use of sue, seu"tallow, grease," from O.Fr. sieu"tallow," from L. sebum"tallow, grease."suicide L. sui"of oneself" (gen. of se"self") + -cidium"a killing." suit (n.).Fr. suitte"attendance, act of following," L. secutus,pp.of sequi"to attend, followsuite(see suit).sulfate see sulfur).sulfur L. sulphur.Ousted native brimstone and cognate O.E. swefl.sullen Fr. soltain,from O.Fr. soul"single" (see sole(2)).sum L. summa"total number, whole summus"highest" (relatedto super"over").summary (see sum).summation(see sum).summit Fr. sommette,dim. of som, sum"highest part, top of a hill," from.( see sum)sumptuous sumptus"cost, expense," from sumere"spend, consume, take."sup (1)- "eat the evening meal," Fr. super,from soupe"broth" (see soup),super-adverb and preposition super"above, over, beyond, besides, in addition to."super L. super"above, over." Extended usage as a general term of approval is 1895 slang, revived 1960s. Rhyming reduplication form super-duper first attested 1940.superable L. superabilis"that may be overcome," from superare"to overcome," from super"over."superb L. superbus"grand, proud, sumptuous," from super"above, over." supercharged from super-+ charge.supercilious super"above" + cilium"eyelid," related to celare"to cover, hide."superconductor- 1913, translation of Du. suprageleider,coined by H.K. Onness.superego- 1924, as a translation of Ger. über-Ich.superficial super"above, over" + facies"form, face."superfluous super"over" + fluere"to flow" (see fluent).superimpose super-+ imponere"to place upon," from in-"into"+ poser"put, place."superintendent L. super"above" + intendere"turn one's attention, direct."superior super"above, over."superlative super"beyond" + ferre"carry."supermarket from 1933supermodel Supermodelsupernatural super"above" + natura"nature." Originally with more of a religious sense; association with ghosts, etc., is primary from c.1799. supernumerary super"beyond, over" + numerum,accusativeof numerus"number."superpower in geopolitical sense is from 1944superscript super"above" + scribere"write."supersede super"above" + sedere"sit."supersonic"of or having to do with sound waves beyond the limit of human hearing;"superstition super"above" + stare"stand."supervise L. super"over" + videre"see." Supervisor first recorded 1454.supper(see sup(1)).supra-L. supra"above, ," related to super"above, over."supreme L. supremus"highest," superlative of superus"situated above," from super"above."surcharge.Fr. sur-"over" + chargier"to load" (see charge)..surd L. surdus"unheard, silent, dull," possibly related to susurrus"a muttering, whispering." The mathematical sense is from the use of L. surdus to translate Ar. (jadhr) asamm"deaf (root)," itself a loan-translation ofGk. alogos,lit. "speechless, without reason" In modern Fr., sourd remains the principal word for "deaf."sure L. securus"free from care, untroubled, heedless, safe" (see secure).surety(see secure).surface Fr. surface" outside part," from O.Fr. sur-"above"+ face(see face).surfeit Fr. surfet"excess , overdo," from sur-"over" + faire"do," from L. facere"make."surly- 1566, "lordly, majestic," alteration of M.E. sirly"lordly, imperious" from sir.surmise sur-"upon" + mettre"put," from L. mittere"send."surmount sur-"beyond" + monter"to go up."surname sur"above" + name; modeled on Anglo-Fr. surnoun"surname," variant of O.Fr. surnom,from sur"over" + nom"name." the meaning "family name" is first found 1375. among common people began to be used 13c., increasingly frequent until near universal by end of 14c. The process was later in the north of England than the south.surpass.Fr. sur-"beyond" + passer"to go by" (see pass(1)).surplice L. super"over" + M.L. pellicium"fur garment, tunic of skins," from L. pellis"skin."surplus L. super"over" + plus"more."surprise from sur-"over" + prendre"to take,"L. prendere,from prehendere"to grasp, seize."surrealism Fr. surréalisme(from sur-"beyond" + réalisme"realism"), surrender sur-"over" + rendre"give back."surround L. super"over" + undare"to flow in waves," from unda"wave."surtax. sur-"over" + taxe"tax."surveillance sur-"over" + veiller"to watch," fromL. vigilare,from vigil"watchful."survey.L. supervidere"oversee" (see supervise).survive super"over, beyond" + vivere"to live."Part 4第四部分Words with a non-Latin origin并非源于拉丁语的单词such Germ. swa"so" (see so) + *likan"form," source ofO.E. gelic"similar" (see like).suck Germ. sucan,corresponding to L. sugere"to suck,"sucker Germ.suckle Germ.sucrose Fr. sucre"sugar" + chemical suffix –ose see sugarSudan Ar. sudan,pl. of suda"black."suds borrowed from M.Du. sudse"marsh, bog," cognate with O.E. soden,pp. of seoþan(see seethe).suede Fr. Suède"Sweden," in gants de Suède"gloves of Sweden,"Suffolk- Suþfolcci(895); see Norfolk.Sufi Ar. cufi,lit. "man of wool," from cuf"wool."sugar Ar. sukkar,from Pers. shakar,from Skt. sharkara"ground or candied sugar,"sulk of sulky(adj.).sulky "sullen," 1744, probably from O.E. asolcen"idle, lazy, slowsultan Ar. sultan"ruler, power," Aramaic shultana"power,"from shelet"have power."sultry sulter"to swelter" (1581), alteration of swelter.summer O.E. sumor,. Germ. *sumur-,sump Du. somp or.Meaning "pit to collect water" is first found 1653.sun Germ. sunne,Sunday Germ.Sunnandæg,lit. "day of the sun,"sunder Germ. sundrian,from sundor"separately, apart,"sundry Germ. syndrig"separate, apart, special," relatedto sundor"separately" (see sunder).Sunni Ar., lit. "lawful," from Sunna"traditional teachings of Muhammad,"sup Germ. "sip," O.E. supan(W.Saxon), suppan, supian(Northumbrian) "to sip, swallow,"surf suffe(1599), of uncertain origin. Originally used in reference to the coast of India, hence perhaps of Indic origin. Or perhaps a phonetic respellingof sough,which meant "a rushing sound." The verb meaning "ride the crest of a wave" is from 1917; surfer, surfing both from 1955. In the Internet sense, first recorded 1993.surgeon Gk. kheirourgia,from kheirourgos"working or done by hand,"from kheir"hand" + ergon"work."Susanna Heb., lit. "a lily.".Part 5第五部分Hybrid words混合词subway sub-+ way.The sense of "underground railway in a city" is first recorded 1893superman- 1903, coined by George Bernard Shaw to translate Ger. übermensch,"highly evolved human being that transcends good and evil," from "Thus Spake Zarathustra"(1883-91), by Friedrich Nietzsche (1844-1900). Translated as overman(1895) and beyond-man(1896) before Shaw got it right in his play title "Man and Superman"(1903).Superwoman from supermanSuperhighway first recorded 1925Supertanker from 1921。