仁爱版英语八年级第一单元知识点小结

Unit 1

Topic1 Are you going to play basketball?

本课重点的语法：{一般将来时态}

▼be going to 表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情。表示准备，打算做某事

用法：be going to +V原形

例句：He is going to write a letter tonight.

I am going to play basketball.

重点短语：

(1) see sb do sth 看见某人做了某事（强调看见动作的全过程）

see sb doing sth 看见某人正在做某事（强调看见动作正在进行的一部分）

例句I often see Tom play basketball on the playground.我经常看见汤姆在操场上打篮球

I saw Tom playing basketball on the playground yesterday.我昨天看见汤姆正在操场上打篮球。类似的词还有：hear，watch，

(2) almost 副词adv. 意为“几乎，差不多”用法：放在be动词前，动词之后。

例句：Supper is most ready. 晚饭就要好了。I most fell off my bike.我几乎从自行车上摔下来。

(3) cheer sb. on 为某人喝彩例句：I cheer him on. 我为他喝彩。

(4) against 介词pre.对着，反对play against 与……抗衡/较量

例句：We are against the war. 我们反对战争。

We play against the red team. 我们与红队较量。

(5) prefer 较喜欢，更喜欢；用法：prefer+Ving/名词/代词

例句：I prefer playing basketball.我更喜欢打篮球。I prefer the white dog. 我更喜欢这只白狗。I prefer it. 我更喜欢它。

词组：prefer……to ……喜欢……不喜欢……

例句：His brother prefers English to math. 他的哥哥喜欢英语而不喜欢数学。

I prefer play basketball to play football. (注意此时是用原形)

(6) both ……and……两个都；即……又……(后面的谓语动词用复数形式)

例句：Both Yaoming and Yijianlian play basketball in the NBA.（对）

Both Yaoming and Yijianlian plays basketball in the NBA.(错)

(7)dream of/about 梦见◆注意of/about 是介词，后面的动词要加ing

例句：Last night I dreamed of flying in the sky.

(8) give up+Ving/名词/代词意为“放弃”

例句：He gives up smoking.

I don’t give up English.

Don’t give it up.◆注意代词放中间

(9)感叹句What + a +感情色彩的名词！

例句：What a pity!=What a shame! 多有趣啊！

(10) take part in 参加，加入join 参加，加入

◆take part in指加入比赛或者活动join一般指加入……组织

例句：She took part in running. 她参加跑步运动。

He joined the army in 1995. 他在1995年参军。

(11) spend+时间on sth /(in ) doing sth 花费时间在某事上/花费时间在做某事上

例句：He spent one hour on the bookHe spent two hours (in) doing his homework.

(12) exercise 作：动词，名词(不可数)，锻炼

例句：She dose morning exercise every day. (作名词)

She exercises every day.（作动词）

(13) be good at+doing sth / 名词=do well in 擅长做某事

例句：I am good at English.

He is good at playing baskerball.

(14) be good for 对……有益，有好处

be bad for 对……有害，不好

例句：Exercise is good for your health.

Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.

同类的词组还有：be good to sb 对某人好be bad to sb 对某人不好

例句：The English teacher is good to us.

(15) keep fit = keep healthy 保持健康

health（健康，名词）

healthy（健康的，形容词）

healthily（健康地，副词）

(16) relax 放松词组：relax oneself 使自己放松

例句：Stop and relax yourself.

(17) arrive in +大地方(北京，上海，厦门，美国……)

arrive at + 小地方（village 小村庄……）

get to +地点到达某地

reach+地点到达某地

上述词后跟home, here, there, back时，都不用介词。后面无地点时用arrive。

(18) excited 激动的，兴奋的，用来修饰人

exciting 令人激动的，使人兴奋的，用来修饰物

区别：We are excited to hear the good news.听到这个好消息我们很兴奋。

It is an exciting story.这是个令人兴奋的故事。

类似的词还有：interested 和interesting bored 和boring tired 和tiring (19) leave for sp. 动身前往某地leave for Shanghai 动身前往上海

leave sp. for. sp 离开某地去某地leave Beijing for Shanghai 离开北京去上海

(20) for +一段的时间Stay for two weeks. (两星期是一段的时间)

(21) all over the world 全世界

(22) hope to do sth（希望做什么）hope + 句子（希望的事情，实现的可能性大）wish sb sth（希望某人某事）wish sb to do sth（希望某人干什么）

wish+句子（希望的事情，实现的可能性小表虚拟语气）

I hope to become/ be a teacher. I hope he will become a teacher.

I wish you good luck. I wish him to become/ be a teacher. I wish I were a bird.

Unit 1 Topic 2 Would you mind passing me some water

本课重点语法：1.Would you mind doing ……？你介意……吗？请你……好吗？

其否定形式为：Would you mind not doing ……？

2. Would you mind if +从句？如果……你介意吗？

回答时可以用：用yes 或者no 回答

例如：No, not at all. / Certainly not. / Of course not. 不介意，当然可以。

I am sorry, but ……对不起，但是……

Yes, you’d better not. 是的，你最好不要。