高考英语词汇——近义词速记

高考英语常考-近义词（短语）汇总1.与“犯罪”相关的高频单词集锦crime n.罪行;犯罪accuse vt.控告;指控guilt n.罪行charge vt.控告commit vt.犯(罪)punish vt.惩罚;处罚sentence vt.判决;宣判2.由aid想到的aid帮助;援助assist帮助;协助support帮助;支持fund资助sponsor赞助3.“反复、再一次”的表达time and time again反复over and over反复over and over again反复once again再一次4.由concentrate想到的concentrate on专心于be addicted to沉迷于put one’s heart into 集中注意力于fix one’s mind/attention on 集中注意力于pay attention to注意focus on集中于;聚集于be absorbed in集中精力于be lost in集中精力于;陷入be buried in埋头于5.“各种各样的”小结variousa variety ofvarieties ofall kinds ofall sorts of6.由discover想到的look for寻找find找到discover发现(强调首次发现) invent发明7.与“急救”有关的高频词汇集锦first aid急救injury n.损伤;伤害bleed vi.& vt.流血treat vt.治疗cure vt.治愈choke vi.&.vt.(使)噎住;(使)窒息poison n.毒药vt.使中毒apply vt.涂;敷8.“人物关系”高频名词一览friend朋友company伙伴colleague同事deskmate同桌classmate同学9.“新闻制造者”们journalist n.记者reporter n.记者editor n.编辑chief editor n.主编photographer n.摄影师10.“容忍”之表达种种stand vt.忍受tolerate vt.忍受bear vt.忍受put up with忍受;容忍11.“不良品质”的形容词greedy贪婪的mean小气的selfish自私的rude粗鲁的12.“方法”用法种种(1)做某事的方法the approach to (doing) sth. the way to do/of doing sth. the method of doing sth.the means of doing sth.(2)用这种方法by this meansin this waywith this method13.由furnished想到的furnish v.布置(房间、公寓等)equip v.装备decorate v.装修fix v.安装;固定fit v.安装;使合适14.“代替”的表达法replace sb./sth.take the place ofin place oftake one’s place15.“一……就……”的多种表达the instant/the moment/the second/the minute+从句immediately/directly/instantly+从句hardly...when.../no sooner...than...16.由capsule想到的capsule胶囊tablet药片pill药丸drug药品17.“代表”某人as a representative of sb.on behalf of sb.represent sb.18.“由……组成”的两种表达consist ofbe made up of19.“相信”家族faith信任faithful忠实的faithfully忠实地believe相信belief相信believable可相信的20.表示“结果;因此”的词汇大全consequentlyaccordinglythereforeas a resultas a consequence21.“情感”名词荟萃sadness 悲伤;难过sorrow 悲伤;悲痛;懊悔shock 震惊;打击satisfaction 满足pleasure 愉快happiness 髙兴astonishment 吃惊22.“不管;不顾”的表达in spite of/regardless of不顾;不管(其后接名词或名词性短语)in spite of the fact that.../although/though 不顾;不管(其后接从句) 23.与“灾难”有关的名词集锦earthquake地震catastrophe大灾难disaster灾难flood洪灾survivor幸存者victim受难者24.“图表”家族graph n.图表;曲线图table n.表格;一览表diagram n.图解;图表;示意图chart n.图表25.由ban想到的ban 禁止;取缔forbid禁止allow允许permit许可26.“习惯于做某事”的多种表达be/get used to(doing)sth.习惯于(做)某事have the habit of doing sth.有做某事的习惯be accustomed to(doing)sth.习惯于(做)某事(表示状态)27.“嘲笑”与“愚弄”tease 取笑;戏弄laugh at 嘲笑make fun of 取笑make a fool of 愚弄play a trick on 捉弄28.表示“主要的;首要的”的形容词一览chief首要的main主要的major主要的;重要的primary主要的;首要的principal主要的;首要的29.由link...to...联想到的connect...with...把……和……连接起来combine...with...把……和……结合起来tie...to...把……拴到……上mix...with...把……和……混合30.“专心于做某事”常用短语be lost in陷入……;专心致志于……be absorbed in专心于……be caught in被困在……be buried in埋头于……be devoted to致力于……;专心于……be occupied in忙于……31.“观点;态度”高频形容词approving满意的positive积极的subjective主观的doubtful怀疑的32.常见“人体部位及器官”名词荟萃forehead前额cheek 脸颊tongue舌头chest 胸部shoulder肩膀throat 喉咙lung肺33.“提前”的多种表达ahead of timeahead of schedulein advance34.动物类高频词汇集锦creature n.生物;动物frog n.青蛙panda n.熊猫kangaroo n.袋鼠squirrel n.松鼠shark n.鲨鱼35.“毕业”的表达graduation n.毕业graduate v.毕业after graduation 毕业之后after graduating from 从……毕业后36.“奖金”与“利润”award奖;奖金prize奖;奖项bonus津贴;奖金profit利润interest利息reward报酬;奖金37“一般说来”与“总之”短语(1)generally speaking一般说来as a rule通常;一般说来in general通常;一般而言on the average一般说来(2)in short/brief总之;简言之on the whole总之in a word 总之all in all总之in conclusion 总之38.与“旅游”相关的髙频词汇集锦guide n.向导;导游route n.路线travel agency 旅行社destination n.目的地tourist attraction 旅游景点a place of interest 风景;名胜schedule n.时刻表accommodation n.住处;膳宿39.“经济生活”单词小结purchase vt.购买import vt.进口;输入export vt.&vi.出口;输出invest vt.&vi.投资bid vt.&vi.出价;投标compete vi.竞争40.表示人“品质”的形容词荟萃elegant 高雅的hard-working勤劳的strong-minded意志坚强的mature成熟的sensible明智的shallow肤浅的41.与“婚姻”有关的高频词汇集锦marry v.结婚bridegroom n.新郎bride n.新娘wedding n.婚礼marriage n.婚姻divorce n.&vi.离婚break up 分手;关系破裂42.“普通的”形容词种种common常见的;普通的ordinary平常的;普通的normal正常的;普通的average平均的;普通的43.“说”法荟萃speak说;演讲;发言chat聊天whisper小声说;耳语inform通知;告诉announce宣告;宣布declare宣布;声明44.由fortunate想到的fortune运气luck运气fortunately幸运地luckily幸运地unluckily不幸地unfortunately不幸地45.不一样的“惊讶”astonishing令人惊讶的amazing令人吃惊的surprising出人意料的shocking令人震惊的46.“不管;不顾”词汇集锦in spite of 尽管;不管regardless of 不管;不顾47.“代替;替换”家族substitute B with/by A用A代替B substitute A for B用A代替B replace sth./sb.代替某物/某人in place of sth./sb.代替某物/某人take the place of sth./sb.代替某物/某人48.表示“适应”的短语小结agree with适合;与……一致fit in相适应;相融合fit in with与……相适应adjust (oneself) to适应adapt (oneself) to适应(新情况)49.“导致”短语lead to导致;造成bring about导致;引起result in导致;结果是contribute to促成;有助于account for解释;导致50.与“雇用、辞退”有关的词汇全接触hire n.&vt.雇用employ vt.雇用fire vt.解雇dismiss vt.解雇lay off 解雇;下岗turn away 解雇take on 雇用51.“辨别;区分”家族distinguish...from...使……有别于……distinguish between...and...区分/辨别……和……tell the difference between...and...区分/辨别……和……tell...from...区分/辨别……和……52.“除了做……别无选择”的多种表达have no choice but to do sth.have no alternative but to do sth.can do nothing but do sth.can’t do sth.but do sth.53.accumulate相关动词小结accumulate vt.&vi.积累enlarge vt.&vi.扩大;放大expand vt.&vi.扩大;膨胀increase vt.&vi.增长reduce vt.&vi.减少shrink vt.&vi.收缩;缩小54.巧记合成词fall down→downfall 垮台get together→get-together 聚会break throug h→breakthrough 突破break out→outbreak 爆发55.“明显”相关单词集锦apparent→apparentlyobvious→obviouslyevident→evidentlydistinct→distinctly56.“评论”单词知多少review n.复习;评论comment n.评论;议论remark n.评论criticism n.批评57.“扩展”词汇全接触spread v.扩展;蔓延;传播enlarge v.扩大;放大expand v.扩展;扩张;膨胀extend v.延伸;扩大58.“查字典”的多种表达look up a word in the dictionary refer to/consult the dictionary59.“请求;要求”request n.&vt.请求;要求demand n.&vt.要求;需要require vt.需要;要求requirement n.要求60.“完全”家族completely adv.完全地;彻底地wholly adv.完全地;全部地totally adv.完全地;彻底地entirely adv.完全地;整个地61.不一样的“惊讶”surprised 感到惊讶的astonished 惊讶的amazed 惊奇的shocked 震惊的62.“帮助”家族help n.&vt.帮助assist vt.帮助;协助assistance n.帮助;协助aid n.&vt.帮助;援助;资助support n.&vt.支持;帮助fund vt.资助 sponsor vt.赞助give/lend sb.a hand 帮助63.表示“人物特点”的形容词全扫描generous 慷慨的active积极的;活跃的warm-hearted热心肠的creative富有创造力的devoted有献身精神的energetic有活力的intelligent聪明的ambitious有雄心壮志的confident有信心的enthusiastic充满热情的64.“小心;当心”高频短语be careful小心watch out for小心;当心look out当心take care小心65.与“运动员”相关的常见名词荟萃champion冠军athlete 运动员coach教练员competitor 竞争者professional职业选手amateur 业余爱好者captain队长referee 裁判员66.“互联网”家族type vi.&vt.打字Internet n.因特网network n.网络connect vt.连接upload vt.上传download vt.下载password n.密码database n.数据库;资料库surf v.浏览67.既是实义动词,也是系动词的词stay 保持;待着keep 保持;保留remain 留下;保持appear 显得;好像seem 似乎;好像look 看;看起来68.“感谢”家族appreciate v.→appreciation n.grateful adj.→gratitude n.thank v.→thankful adj.→thankfulness n.69.巧记各种“事件”accident n.事故traffic accident交通事故event n.重大事件;比赛项目sports event体育赛事incident n.事件;事变70.“职场”髙频动词集锦employ vt.雇用appoint vt.任命fire vt.开除resign vt.&vi.辞职interview vt.面试dismiss vt.免……的职;解雇retire v.退休71.与“音乐”有关的高频单词classical adj.古典的perform vt.演出;表演performance n.演出;表演album n.专辑compose vt.&vi.作(曲) composer n.创作者conductor n.(乐队等的)指挥conduct vt.指挥72.“挣钱”的各种表达earn moneygain moneymake moneymake a fortune73.西方主要节日一览Christmas Day 圣诞节Christmas Eve 圣诞前夕Thanksgiving Day 感恩节Halloween 万圣节前夕Easter 复活节74.“购物”名词discount折扣consumer消费者supermarket超市bargain便宜货cashier出纳员receipt收据;收条mall 商场75.各种“看”法glance vi.(粗略地)看一下;一瞥;扫视n.一瞥;扫视glare vi.怒目而视;闪耀n.瞪眼;怒视stare vt.&vi.凝视;盯着看n.盯;凝视observe vt.看到;注意到;观察;观测;遵守,庆祝vi.注意;观察spot vt.发现;认出witness vt.目睹;目击n.目击者;见证人76.“视觉”家族look at看一看;瞧一瞧stare at盯着看;凝视glare at怒目而视glance at瞥一眼;看一眼catch sight of看见77.“金融”术语balance 余额budget n.预算account n.账目;账户capital n.资金;资本withdraw vt.提取cheque n.支票interest n.利息78.“过失”与“冲突”单词集锦fault n.过错argument n.争吵;争论conflict n.冲突blame n.(对错误或坏事应负的)责任collision n.碰撞;冲突79.“良好性格”的描写gentle温和的easy-going随和的outgoing外向的generous慷慨的80.“太空”单词集锦astronomer n.天文学家astronomy n.天文学astronaut n.宇航员satellite n.卫星orbit n.轨道universe n.宇宙gravity n.万有引力planet n.行星spaceship n.宇宙飞船atmosphere n.大气层81.由thus想到的therefore因此however然而still仍然besides此外;而且moreover 而且;此外meanwhile同时,其间otherwise否则;另外;在其他方面82.“采取措施做某事”的多种表达take measures to do sth.take action to do sth.take steps to do sth.83.由topic想到的topic谈论的话题title文章等的标题subject主题,课题theme题目;主题(曲)。

高考英语形近词与近义词总结归纳1. lively 活波的，生动的alive 活的live 现场直播的，实况的行的living 活着的，健在的, 现2.sensible 有感觉的，有判断力的flexible 易曲的，灵活的objective 客观的sensitive 敏感的，灵敏的3.incapable 无能力的，不能的indispensable 必不可少的insensible 无知觉的，麻木的infinite 无穷的4.valid 有效的，正当的vain 徒劳的，自负的vacant 空的，空闲的vague 含糊不清的，茫然的5.special 特别的，专门的particular 独特的，详细的peculiar 奇特的，罕见的specific 明确的，特效的6. lasting 持久的，永久的liberal 慷慨的，不拘泥的，宽大的，自由主义的7.dense密集的，浓厚的bold 大胆的8. friend ：朋友fiend：魔鬼9. brother：兄弟bother：打扰broth：肉汤10. sheer：完全的，纯粹的shear：剪（羊毛）shears：大剪刀flagrant ：臭烘烘的，臭名昭著的11. fragrant：芬芳的12. observe：观察reserve：储备deserve：值得conserve：保存13. conservation：n.保存conservative：保守的reservation：印第安人的保留地14. complement：补偿，弥补，补充compliment ：赞美，称赞[比较记忆]“爱赞美，被补充”15. poverty：贫穷property：财产[比较记忆] poverty ：p-“趴在地上”，over-“一切都完了”property：proper-恰当的，“每人恰当一份”16. haven：避难所heaven：天堂17. adopted “收养的，过继的”adoptive adoptive “收养的”，可说adoptive parents,但很少说adoptive child; “采用的”，“假冒的”an adoptive courage 假充勇敢。

新高考英语必备：高频同义近义词1..infer/hint/indicate/suggest/imply2. but/yet/however/while/nevertheless/after all3. concerning/ relative/related/ with respect to4.moreover/furthermore/in addition/what’s more/additionally5.allow/permit/admit6.lost/gone/missing/missed7.providing/given/suppose 8. clear/obvious/apparent9.happy/glad/pleased/pleasant/pleasure/thrilled/delighted/joyed/excited10.astonished/amazed /surprised 11.offer/supply/provide12.afraid/scared/panic/frightened/pale13.attend/take part in/join in/participate in/drop in14.teacher/tutor/conductor/professor 15.instruct/conduct16.because of/owing to/due to/thanks to/on account of/ result from/now that17. feel like doing/ be fond of/ go in for/be keen on /be addicted in18.look for/search for /seek for /hunt for/explore19.depend on /count on/rely on /reliable20.influence/impact(0n) 21.beat/defeat/conquer22. small/tiny rge/huge/big24.insist on/stick to/persist in 25.right/correct/exact/accurate 26. finally/eventually 27.clap/applause28. immediately/instantly /right time/promptly 29. be considered as /be regarded as30.well/good/fine/nice/wonderful/fantastic/perfect31.travel/tour/trip/voyage/journey 32.smile/laugh/joke33.despite/in spite of/although/though 34.in advance/ahead of35..be made up of /consist of/be composed of 36.rise/raise /arise/arouse37.decide/determine/make up one’s mind 38.different/distinguish39.put off/delay/postpone 40.gather/get together41.possible/perhaps /probably/likely/maybe42.solve/work out /figure out /do with /deal with /cope with/tackle高考英语必备：高频词短语1.out of + date/fashion/style/touch/control/service/sight/mind/stock/work/question/imagination2.self- esteem/respected/doubted/pity/defense /service/3.ferry/infer/reference/conference/prefer/transfer4.infer/hint/indicate/suggest/imply/conclude/learn5.board/broad/aboard/abroad6.from/form/inform/transform/perform/reform/formal/informal7.previous/precious/attract/attack8.attitude/altitude/contribute/distribute9.simple/sample/relief/belief10.angle/angel /shock/shake11.flight/order/book/clear up/reservation/menu/check in/bill/cash/ on sale/discount12.be familiar with/ be similar to13. respect/respectful/respectable /respectively/with respect to14. practical/practically /wander/wonder15.consider/considerate/considerable16.concern/concerning/concerned17.apply/application/apply to /apply for18.consist of /consist in/result from/result to19.get through/break down/pick up/turn out20. nervous/curious/upset/annoyed/ashamed/honored/grateful/confused/admired/doubted21.optimistic/pessimistic/positive/negative/passive/neutral/critical22.important/vital/necessary/essential/urgent23.effort/effect/affect/effective/efficient24.conscious/present/absent/silent25. keep up with/catch up with /come up with/put up with26.allowance/revenue/income/salary/wage/tip/fare/fee/fine/expense27.appoint /appointment/disappointment28.happy/glad/pleased/pleasant/pleasure/thrilled/delighted/joyed/excited29. clear up/altitude/attitude30.apply for/resign/resignation/recommend/recommendation/apology/apologize/complain31. ancient /accident/34.patient/patience/impatience35.newly/timely/daily/weekly/lovely/likely/lively/badly38.fate/fortunate/fortunately39.thought/beyond/available/suffer/afford/witness/slip/crash/sharp/survive/cover/destination40.foresee/foretell/forecast/forefront/predict41.qualify/quality/quantity/influence/impact42.invent/discover/recover/cover43.whisper/embarrass/achieve/adopt/adapt/adjust/adept44.wisdom/position/coincidence/45.pass away/regardless of/ be regarded as / be considered as46.trap/calculate/determine/promote/arrange/organize/postpone/quit/force47.forgive/sacrifice/ignore/assist/forbid/behavior/define/pretend/recognize48.survival /declare/prepare/guide/involve/compare/accept/consider49.adventure/stress/peace/pain/colleague/college/pressure/presence50.flexible/random/empty/occupied/humorous/anxious/special/normal/general51.disaster/motivation/principle/sorrow/audience/sympathy/antipathy/fan/square52.kid/youngster/teenager/adult/elder/employee/retiree53.equal/regular/average/extra/unique/complicate/54.ring/lay/avoid/escape/obtain/gain/warn/approve/neglect/sink/shine/assess/rent/criticize55.hardly/merely/rarely/right/rough/tough56.recall/remind/convince sb of sth57. refresh/enrich/benefit sb a lot58.in detail/in brief/change/exchange/charge/appeal to/respond to/occur to59.hold/deliver/decorate/update/spread/pack/betray/comment/choose/recite/disturb/hide60.major/sponsor/bargain/benefit/profit/deposit/reserve/restrict/deny/march/approach/share61.admit/commit/permit/pack/explore/confirm/gather/control/save/hesitate/analyze/evaluate62.desire/matter/predict/support/reduce/decrease/increase/appreciate/bear/treat/mean/raise63.initial/original/qualified/energetic/serious/constant/frequent/abundant/even/casual64.coach/challenge/course/agenda/schedule /routine/coincidence/arrival/balance65.tiny/potential/royal/suitable/intelligent/responsible/general/academic66.review/preview/interview67.observe/monitor/quarrel/convey/refuse/68.meant/broken/frightened/frozen/fallen/spoiled/69.unless/not--until/while/as/so--that/without70.desire/recommend/order/command/suggest/propose/advise/demand/require/request71.keep march gifts: keep/escape/enjoy/practice/mind/avoid/admit/risk/imagine/finish/suggest72.cost/read/spread/hurt/broadcast73.apart from/suffer from/belong to/according to/as follows/as usual/ as --as possible74.drop/put/push/pull/drag/catch/hold/pick/crash/fall/wreck/beat/slip75.economy/economics/economic/economical76. history/historics/historic/historical77.honest/generous/energetic/polite/relax/calmimpressive/doubted/grateful78. behavior/manner/concept/remove/invest/control/79.strategy /solution/campus/major80.negotiation/comparison/consideration/guarantee。

英语考试近义词词汇英语考试近义词词汇called off——cancelled呼叫，召集，称呼coverage——reportage覆盖called me up——telephoned me打电话给我complain——feel unhappy抱怨，悲叹，控诉capabilities——abilities (实际)能力，性能demolished——pulled down毁坏，破坏， ****，粉碎diligent——hardworking勤勉的，用功的perse——varied不同的，变化多的disorder——confusion扰乱，使失调，使紊乱arouses——excites成列地，持续地at stake——in danger危如累卵，危险attended to——waited on出席者，参加者，在场者abided by——adhered to坚持，遵守adverse——unfavorable不利的，敌对的，相反的participated in——took part in参加，参与，分享preserve——keep保护，保持，保存，保藏collided with——ran into碰撞，冲突compelled——forced强迫，迫使，强要comprehend——understand领会，理解，包括(包含)confidential——secret秘密的，机密的cater for——meet供应伙食，迎合collaborating——cooperating共同运转的; 协作的childish——immature孩子气的，幼稚的consideration——account体谅，考虑，需要考虑的事项，报酬appalling——dreadful令人震惊的，骇人听闻的anyhow——anyway无论如何，总之achieved——attained完成，达到account for——explain说明，占，解决，得分bearing——influence轴承，关系，方面，意义，barren——bare不生育的，贫瘠的，没有结果的blend——mix混和(或admix)concise——short and clear简明的，简练的courteous——well-informed有礼貌的.，谦恭的credible——convincing可信的，可靠的contended——argued斗争，竞争，主张converted——changed使转变，转换使……改变信仰census——count人口普查conscientious——careful尽责的consolidated——strengthened加固的; 整理过的contaminated——polluted污染accused of——charged with控告，谴责，非难allocated——assigned / distributed分派，分配annoying——irritating恼人的，讨厌的allocate——assign分派，分配a branch——a pision枝，分枝，分部，分科，部门，abnormal——unusual反常的，变态的。

英语常用同义词近义词、短语辨析idea, concept, conception, thought, notion, impression这些名词均有“思想、观点、观念”之意。

idea: 最普通常用词，几乎适用于任何方面的思维活动。

concept: 指从众多实例中通过概括、归纳而形成的对事物本质、全貌及其内部联系的概念或看法。

conception: 通常指个人或一些人所持有的具体概念或念头，也可指概念的形成过程，含一定的想象和感情色彩意味。

thought: 指以推理、思考等智力活动为基础的心理思维活动及其结果。

notion: 指的是一种模糊的，变化的莫测的想法，无可靠的基础，未经深思熟虑的观点。

impression: 指外部刺激在思想中所产生的印象。

identify, recognize, make out这些动词均含“认出，识别”之意。

identify: 指辨别、确定人的身份或物品的归属等。

recognize: 指所辨认的人或物多是以前所熟悉的。

make out: 通常指通过人的感觉器官来辨别事物。

idle, lazy这两个形容词均有“闲散，懒惰”之意。

idle: 通常指不忙，无事可干，一般不含应责备之意。

lazy: 指好逸恶劳，贪闲偷懒，或不愿学习或工作等，常含应受责备之意。

if, whether这两个连接词均含“是否”之意。

if: 作“是否”解时，多用于口语，引出宾语从句，不能直接跟or not连用。

whether: 多用于书面语中，可与or或or not连用，除引出宾语从句外，还可引出主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句或与不定式连用。

ignorant, illiterate这两个形容词均可表示“无知的”之意。

ignorant: 指一般的无知或指不知道某个具体的事。

illiterate: 指不识字的人或没有文化的人。

ill, sick这两个形容词均有“生病的”之意。

ill: 在英国较常用，指“生病”时，通常作表语，不可作定语。

常用近义词总结动词类：1. “看”look看的动作see看的结果watch观察observe为了研究进行的观察notice注意catch sight of看见stare好奇地看glare瞪着看glance瞅见glimpse瞥见see a film watch TV2. “说”tell sth to sb. = tell sb sth告诉的内容talk with sb about sth强调说话者之间的交流say sth诉说的内容speak in English说的语言whisper sth to sb 耳语Inform sb of sth 通知某人某事reason / talk / persuade sb into doing sth 说服某人做某事bargain讨价还价chat聊天repeat重复explain解释warn警告remind提醒discuss 讨论debate辩论figure 指出declare宣布claim自称mention 提起admit 承认deny 否绝describe描述announce 公布introduce 介绍complain抱怨3. “叫”cry哭叫call叫shout大喊scream尖叫moan呻吟sigh叹气quarrel大吵4. “问”ask 询问interview 采访express表达question审问5. “答”answer回答respond回应(用其他方式回应)reply回复6. “听”listen to听的动作hear听的结果pick up收听overhear无意听到7. “写”dictate听写write sth 写describe描写drop a line写信draw画take down/write down写下、记下8. “拿/放”take拿走bring拿来hold举着carry扛，挑（无方向性）fetch拿来拿去lift举put放lay 铺/放置pull拉push推9. “抓”take hold of 抓着seize紧抓grasp 握住scratch 抠10. “打”hit一次性的打击beat不间断的打击strike突然的击打/突然想到blow吹刮attack攻击11. “扔”throw扔drop掉放弃错过fall 倒下无意掉下来wave 招手shake摇12. “送”send寄送deliver递送give给offer 主动给予see off给某人送行13. “摸/抱”touch摸fold折叠embrace拥抱hug抱hold 握in one’s arms14. “踢/碰”kick踢knock敲tip 轻敲15. “行”walk run climb jump skip 单腿跳slip溜come/go/enter进入move搬迁drive开车ride 骑fly 飞crawl 匍匐前进16. “坐”sit down / be seated / seat oneself / take a seatstand站，耸立lean斜靠17. “睡/休息”lie / on one’s back / on one side / on one’s stomach / stay in bed / have a resttake a nap打盹be asleep / fall asleep 睡着了bend 俯身，弯曲turn over翻身rest 休息，一般指不再运动或工作18. “笑”smile 微笑（不出声）laugh 大笑burst into laughter / burst out laughing 突然大笑19. “哭”cryshed tears 流泪weep呜咽地哭sob抽泣burst into tears / burst out crying 突然大哭20. “找/查”find找到look for正在找过程find out查明discover/explore 发现/探索hunt for / search for / seek / seek for / in search of寻找search sb 搜身search sp. for sth 为某物而搜寻某地check检查，核实examine 考察发现问题/体检test检测，检验inspect视察21. “穿”put on 动作wear穿戴have on试穿be dressed in 穿的状态make-up化装get changed换衣服be in red 穿着红色衣服take off 脱remove 去除22. “吃/喝”eat / drinksip吮吸have a meal 吃饭have breakfast / lunch / supper toast 敬酒taste 品尝treat sb to请某人吃help oneself to 随便吃23. “得”get / obtain / gain possess acquire获得知识和技能24. “失”lose 丢了be lost / be missing人错过，失踪，不见gone不见（物）great loss 重大损失die off相继死去die away 逐渐消失25. “有”have 有own是自己的conquer征服occupy占有= possess26. “无”nothing leftthe remaining thing disappearbe missing / gone27. “增/减”rise / go up / drop 人主动抬价raise / bring down / reduce increase / decrease28. “买/卖”买：buy purchase affordpaypay offpay for卖：sellon salebargainbill 账单；清单cheque 支票cash 现金credit card 信用卡notes 票据coins 硬币discounts 打折29. “存在/消失”存在：come into / being / exist / appear / survive / live / show / turn up消失：disappear / die / die out / pass away / be out of sight30. “变化”develop / improve / become / growgo + bad / wrong / sour / without（negative adj.）turn colorchange / change intoreform31. “认识的过程”feel / sense / guess / suppose / wonder / doubt / know / learn realize understand / remember / be familiar with / recall / recite / apply to32. “成功/失败”make it / succeed / make progress / come true / realize one’s dream / winlose / fail to do / failure / defeat / suffer loss / beatturn sth. into reality33. “努力”try / manage / make efforts / attempt / do ones best / do as much as one can to do34. 祝贺congratulations on sb / celebrate / observe 庆祝get together 聚会35. 赞美/批评praise / think highly ofblame sb for sth / sb is to blame / criticize / scold sb. for sth.have a low opinion of sb / speak ill of36. 喜/恶like / love / be fond of / be keen on / be crazy about / adore / be into / prefer / enjoy / in favor ofdislike / hate / be awful/disgusting / ignore / turn off37. 判断think / believe / consider / find / feel / conclude / infer / doubt38. 到达arrive at / reach / return to / get to / stay in sp. / visit / leave / leave for /on one’s way to / upon one’s arrival / on doing sth39. 受伤hurt / injured / wound / cut / kill / drown / bleed / get burnt / suffer from / suffer a loss40. 损坏damage / destroy / ruin / break down / be broken / crash41. 修复repair / rebuild / restore / fix / recover oneself42. 支持/反对agree / disagree / accept / receiverefuse / turn down / be against / elect / vote for / against43. 做饭cook / wash / cut / chop / boil / fry / steam / make / mix / clean / brush / cover / uncover / cooker44. 建议advise suggest recommend urge propose demand persuade 说服45. 花费sth/doing sth+costsb+spend+ in doing sthSb+afford +n/to do sthIt +take some time/ money/energy +to do sthsb+ pay+$ for sth.at one’s expense46. 省/存钱save / save up set aside put awayspare no effort/ time47. 参加take part in join /join in attendcompete in/ for/against48. 控告accuse sb. of charge sb. With49. 救治help / help out save /rescue sb from sth. treat过程cure sb. of sth 结果aid sb in doing sth / to do sthhelp sb with sthassist sb in doing sth 50. 敬佩admirerespectshow respect for/to adore envybe jealousy in honor of51. 逃避ran away escape from flee hide52. 阻止/禁止prevent / keep / stop sb. from doing sth. forbid doing sth. ban prohibit53. 对付/处理handle do with deal with tackle overcome sth solvesettle54 .效仿copy imitate learn from learn54. 爆发/发生come about happen to take place break out burst out go off explosion55. 安装/装备fasten fix set equipbe armed with 用什么武装be equipped with装备有56. 追求pursuit ran after seek after chasecatch up with赶上keep up with跟上57. 想/考虑think of 考虑/ think as把什么看成think about想起consider think over仔细考虑be concerned 担心be considerate towards sb.58. 打算plan / intend / design to do be going to do be about to do will do59. 似乎/好象seem appear look like as ifas though60. 开办/关闭openstartset upclose close up endclose down名词类1. 假期vacation holiday spring break ask for leavebe on holiday have two days off2. 旅游trip journey tour voyage traveltouristpassengergo camping/picnicking/hiking3. 职务人员clerk secretary passer-by friend minister manager waitress guest host hostess assistant customer adult neighbor relative patient vetstaff crew nurse teacher conductor tailor sailor inventor gardener guard4. 餐馆/定餐/就餐inn restaurant kitchen menubillordertipfork and knife reserve / book table taste delicious saladdishvegetablesfruittraynapkin5. 诊所/看病/服药clinichospitaltake one’s temperature take medicine/pills have a fever/flu/headache doctor physician surgeon specialist patient6. 车站/机场airporton boardmiss the train/bus catch a train meet sb.7. 身体部位arm head hair brain waist back shoulder pulse wrist8. 意志will courage patience determination faith effort confidence ambition energy9. 才能/品质talentgift ability potential intelligent promising smart stupid careful proudstricthonestcoldseriouseasy-going learned knowledgeable10. 优缺点advantage disadvantage strength weakness11. 目标aim goal intention purpose belief faith12. 方式means method way manner approach13. 身体素质strong weak pale sick illbe wellkeep slim / fitcut weight / put on weight14. 图表photopicturegraphdrawing table line/bar graph piechartdraw a sketch 划草图15. 文章reading translation essay poem paper novel fiction article magazine newspaper journal 日志diary日记filesformmake a list of16. 课堂class course lecture example reason message notes words phrase scholarship degree subject question trouble difficulty grades read comment marks17. 学校活动match game activity hold a meeting /debate /speech/ ceremony18. 建议/观点advice suggestion idea proposalview recommendation19. 气候/天气climate weather storm windy cloudy rainy snow hot cold freezing heat warmth20. 交通by train / bus / boat bikeon the train / bus / a bike drive a carride a bikegive sb. a lift / ride21. 习惯habitcustomget used toregula有规律的（形容词）practice惯例（名词）22. 感觉sight hearing touch smell sense23. 情感feeling emotion anger delight sadness sorrow24. 财富money possessions wealth belongings fortunes treasure diamondbe rich/well-off25. 运动比赛on the playground on the track and filed pitcheventgamematch sports playercoachjudgejogging weightliftingplay volleyball / soccer26. 衣服clothes, cloth, clothing clothes统指各种衣服，谓语动词永远是复数cloth指布，为不可数名词clothing 服装的总称，指一件衣服用a piece of 一片an article of 一件27. 事件incident指小事件accident指不幸的事故形容词类1. 人的各种感受乐happy delighted to one’s joy pleased amused悲sad unhappy painful bitter平静calm quiet silent/still peaceful烦bother bored be fed up with震惊surprised astonished shocked /amazed怕in fear be frightened /scared /afraid失望desperate disappointed hopeless be depressed满意be satisfied with /be content to do生气Annoyed angry disgusting burst into rage2. 表程度的副词类narrowly 勉强的nearly 几乎almost 几乎hardly 几乎不hard 硬的；困难的extremely 极端的very 非常quite 相当accidently/ once in a while occasionally/ once far / by farFarther/ further better/ worse be well/ good however/ therefore/so/thus 易考的近义词组run/ managegrow / plantleave / remainfit / suit / matchhit / beat / strikemeet / satisfytouch / feelplay / performer contain / hold / seat / fill lie / sit/ locatehelp / work / dofall / sink / dropmatter / problem / trouble money / accountCause/ reasonthat’s why/ that’s because because/ since,as/ forLast/ continuekeep/ stay/treat/ cure/ operateseparate/ divideStand/ bear/tolerate/holdturn/become/gochange/vary/rangeProvide/supply/offer/ give/send高频词汇（一）accept 接受，认可(Vt.)；同意，承认(vi.)adapt 使适应；改编add 增加，添加（Vt.）；加起来，增添（vi.）；补充说（Vt.）amount 数量（n.）；等于，共计（vi.，与to连用）argue 争论,辩论(vi.);主张,说理,说服(Vt.)award 奖,奖品(n.);授奖,给予……金钱(v.)boom 发出隆隆声;(国家地区或行业的)繁荣,迅速发展burn 焚烧,烧焦;发出怪味,点(灯)compare 比较,比作(Vt.);比得上,与…匹敌(vi.)consider 考虑;认为;照顾到,考虑到（独立主格结构considering sth. 或sth. considered）depend 依靠,依赖;视情况而定desire 希望, 期望; 请求, 要求(从句用should 型虚拟语气)equal 等于;比得上,匹敌(Vt.)equip 装配;配备(知识/ 信息/ 事实等)handle 门把手(n. ); 操作,处理(v.)hunt 打猎;猎取;搜寻(vi.)include 包括;计算在内(与in 连用)introduce 介绍;引进;提出;出台(政策/法规等)measure 测量;为……量尺寸;判断,权衡,衡量(有measure sb. / sth against sb. / sth 搭配)owe 欠(钱/ 债务等);归功于，感激;幸亏于，由于(owing to 的固定形式) perform 表演;(成功地)表现;完成,执行,进行(尤其指复杂的活动);有……的用途press 按,压,印;逼迫,迫使（press sb. to do sth.）process 制作,加工(食品);处理(文件/ 数据等);冲洗(照片)pronounce 发音;宣告,断言,宣布(官方意见或决定)publish 出版,发行;发表,刊登;(在报纸或墙壁上)公布,公开raise 提高;举起;饲养,喂养;唤起(意识);使……产生(情感或反应);筹款satisfy 使……满意; 满足(要求或欲望等);使……相信（与of 连用）share 分享,分担；均分,分配；有……共同的特征shoulder 肩膀(n.);肩负,承当(责任或负担)(v.)spread 传播(消息/ 信息等);散布(流言);涂抹(奶油等);(疾病)传播,蔓延;伸展(四肢);展开(翅膀)strike 击打;(时针)敲响;摩擦;罢工;达成(协议或交易);(灾难)突然袭击(vt.);突然产生(想法或主意)(vi.)succeed 取得成功;(学业或事业等)表现出色,有作为(vi.);接替,继承(vt.)tie 系;扎(Vt.);与……打成平局(搭配tie with sb.)touch 接触;感动treat 对待;治疗;款待;请客(搭配treat sb.to sth.) unfold 打开;展开;显露;阐明weigh 称(Vt.);重(若干);权衡,衡量(vi.)appreciate 感激（宾语不能为人只能为物）；赏识（宾语可为人）；鉴赏attend 出席，参加；上（学）；去（听课，做礼拜）；照看；伺候bend 弯曲；委屈；专心于（搭配bend one’s thought / mind to）charge 要（价）(charge sb. some money)；使（充电）；控告（charge sb. with sth.）；攻击；向…跑（常与介词at / towards / into 连用）comfort 舒适，宽慰（n.）；使……舒适；安慰（v.）continue 继续；继续说（Vt.）；继续是（连系动词）digest 消化（食物）；理解；吸收；领会fold 折叠；合拢；抱住gain 获得；增加（体重、速度）intend 打算，想要；意指；专为……提供（常用被动形式be intended for）occur 发生，出现；突然使某人想起（occur to sb.）operate 操作；运行（Vt.）；为……做手术(vi.后常跟介词on)prevent 阻止，防止（搭配prevent ...from）；预防promise 许诺；答应（Vt.）；（有）前途（连系动词）prove 证明，证实；结果是（连系动词）remove 移走，搬动；脱去（衣物）；去除，排除（困难或阻力）；免除（职务）read 阅读，朗读(Vt.)；读懂，看明白；上面写着（vi）settle 结束（争论）；决定，确定；定居，安家；安置，安顿；付清，结清（欠账）；沉淀；停留shelter 遮蔽物，庇护所；临时栖身之所（n.）；保护，庇护；躲避（v.）shock 使……触电；使……遭电击；使……震惊，使……震惊threaten 威胁，恐吓；（坏事）可能发生；波及；预示（危险）value 评价；估价；重视，尊重advise 建议；劝告（Vt,）（从句用should型虚拟语气）；提供意见；商量(vi);通知，告知（从句不用虚拟语气）affect 影响；感动；（疾病）侵袭approach 向……靠近；接近；与……打交道；着手处理bathe 洗澡；沐浴；（使）浸没bury 埋葬；掩藏；专心于某事（bury oneself in sth.）circulate （使）循环；（使）流通；流传，传播；散发（布）；使发行contribute 捐助（金钱、物品等）；贡献（时间、精力）；（contribute sth. to）有助于；导致；（contribute to sth.）；（在团体或活动中）起作用，出力；投（稿），撰（稿）defend 捍卫；保护；防卫；为……辩护（辩解）discourage 使泄气，使灰心；阻止，反对（discourage sb. from doing sth.）employ 雇佣；使用，采用；忙于（be employed (in) doing sth.）engage 使订婚(be engaged to sb.)；雇佣；使从事；忙于（be engaged in (doing) sth.）experiment 实验（n.）；做实验（experiment with）(v.)face 面临；面对；正视（face sb. / sth; befaced with）；摆在……的面前(sth. face sb.)identify 认出；鉴定(identify sb. / sth. assth.)；使等同于（identify sth. with sth.）impress 铭刻；给……极深的印象（impresssth on sb; impress sb. with sth.）；使……感动(sth. impress sb.)match 比赛；火柴（n.）；匹敌，和……相称（vt.）observe 观察；遵守（规则、制度）；庆祝（节日）persuade 说服，劝服；使某人相信(persuadesb. of sth.)present 礼物（n.）；在场的；目前的（adj.）；赠送；介绍；呈现，出示（v.）read 阅读，读书（Vt.）；上面写作，有……的字样（vi.）；读懂，弄明白reflect 反射；反映，表现；反省relate 与相连（有关）（Vt.）；理解（vi.与to连用）remain 保持，仍然是(连系动词)；剩下(vi.)；（人）逗留（vi.）retire 退休，退职；撤退，撤离rise 上升；上涨：起床；起身（rise to one’s feet）switch 开关（n.）；改变，转变（vi.）(常与on / off 连用)tip 尖端，末梢；小费；窍门（n.）；给忠告；给小费；使倾斜，轻击(v.) undertake 承担；从事；着手做wipe 擦，揩；清除，消灭(常与out / away连用)witness 目击（Vt.）；为……作证（witness to sb.）accompanying 陪伴，陪同；伴随，和一起发生act 行动；扮演；担任（Vt.）起作用，有影响（vi.）adjust 适应(adjust to)；调节，调整；校正，校准（adjust sth. for sth.）base 基地，根据地（n.）；以……为基础（base sth. on sth.; be based on）battle 战役，战斗（n.）；奋斗，斗争；竞争，较量（v.）fail 失败；未通过；（机器或身体器官）失灵，出毛病；（品质或能力）突然失去gather 使（人）聚集，集合；收获；收集（信息）；（力量或速度）增加；man 男人；人类（n.）；给…配备人员；操作（v.）mark 作记号；庆祝rate 评价，估价；评为；为（电影）划分等级；值得，应得serve 为……服务；服役；供职于；为……端上食物（常用被动）；用作（某用途）(常与介词as 连用)；有助于（serve the purpose / interest）spare 抽出，挤出（时间）（spare sb sth.）；使免受，免遭(spare no effort / expense)；饶恕，赦免(spare one’s life)；备用(常用to spare作后置定语)upset 使烦恼，使生气；扰乱，搅乱（计划）；打翻，弄翻voice 嗓音；发言权（n.）；发言；表达，吐露（尤指消极情绪）（v.）abandon 抛弃，丢弃；舍弃；中止；沉迷于（abandon oneself to）account 账目；账户；描述；报告（名词）；解释；占据的比例（常与for 连用）acknowledge 承认；告知(收悉)；确认（收到）；（公开的地）就……表示感谢admit 承认（admit doing sth.）；准许（入场）；招收（be admitted to / into）adopt 收养；采纳，接受(意见等)；通过，批准address （在信封或包裹上）写地址；讲话；提出（问题、意见等）advertise 作广告；宣扬；公告，公布（音乐会，赛事等）appeal 吸引，感染；呼吁，恳求，求助；上诉（都与介词to 连用）approve 批准，核准，认可（Vt.）；同意，赞许（Vt. approve of sb.doing sth.）assume 假定，想当然地认为；摆出，装出；就职，就任attach 系，缚；附属于；认为…怎么样(attach importance / significance / value to sth.)blame 受到责备（be to blame for）;归咎于（blame sth. on sb.）calculate 计算，核算；估计，预测，推测conclude 推断出，推论出；结束；缔结；议定；结束时说consult 咨询，求教（consult sb. About sth.）；与某人商量，征得某人的同意（consult with sb.）；查阅，查找（时间表）cover 覆盖；占地；包括，涉及，处理；报道；支付（费用、开支等）deliver 把某物送到，投递；发表（正式讲话）；接生（孩子）；解救distinguish 区分，辨别；听出，看清，闻出，尝出；表现出（distinguish oneself）figure 认为，估计，揣测；理解，明白，想出（常与out 连用）go 去，到；进展；衰退，退化；被花费；发出铃声；（讲故事时）说道，讲到；被卖掉occupy 占用（时间、空间）；承担，担任（职务）；使忙碌（be occupied with sth.）profit 利润（n.）；使……得利，有利于（v.）promote 促进，增进；促销，宣传；升职，提升，晋升；支持，鼓励，提倡常用形近词总结1. lively活波的，生动的alive活的live现场直播的，实况的living活着的，健在的, 现行的2.sensible有感觉的，有判断力的sensitive敏感的，灵敏的3.incapable无能力的，不能的insensible 无知觉的，麻木的4.vacant 空的，空闲的vague含糊不清的，茫然的5.special 特别的，专门的specific 明确的，特效的species 种类6. lasting持久的，永久的last持续：最后的list 表；把……编入一览表7.continent 大陆continue 继续；连接8. frequent 时常的fluent流利的9. brother：兄弟bother：打扰10.content 内容；目录context上下文；语境contest竞赛；比赛concept概念concert音乐会11.temperature温度temperate温带的；温和的contemporary当代的；发生于同时代的temporary 暂时的, 临时的12.observe观察reserve储备deserve值得conserve保存13.conservation：n.保存conservative：保守的reservation：印第安人的保留地plement：补偿，弥补，补充compliment：赞美，称赞15.poverty：贫穷property：财产property：恰当的16.contact接触；联系contract合同contrast对比；对照17.agree 同意；赞成agreeable令人愉快的；惬意的18.aboard上船；登机abroad在国外19.accent重音；口音accept接受；认可access享用权；接近的机会21. accurate准确的accuse指责22.knowledge知识acknowledge承认；告知23.adapt适应adopt采用；收养24.accustomed 适应了的；习惯的custom 习惯；海关customer顾客25.acquire取得；学到require要求inquire询问；打听26.administration管理；经营；行政机关accommodation住处；膳宿27.advance前进；促进advantage有利条件；优势advanced先进的adventure冒险活动28.affection喜爱affect影响infect感染29.alone仅仅；单独的along沿着30.continual 连续的,频繁的continuous连续(指从不间断的)31.apparent显然的parent父母32.appeal呼吁；上诉；有吸引力的appear出现；显得；好像33.apply应用；申请appliance器具34.appreciate欣赏；感激approach接近appropriate合适的；适当的approve赞成35.attack攻击；进攻attach连接；依附36.dependant n.受赡养者dependent adj.“依靠的，依赖的”37.assign 布置；分配assist帮助；协助38.band乐队；群；伙；带状物bend使弯曲bind捆绑，捆扎；使粘合39.bit少许；一点儿bite咬bitter苦的；难以忍受的40.browse随便翻阅blouse女上衣，衬衫41.bore令人厌烦born出生的，天生的42.brand 商标，烙印branch树枝；分店brunch早午餐43.fatal致命的faith 命运44.brake制动器，刹车break打破，使碎裂；暂停，休息45.historical有关历史的，历史的historic历史上有名的，有历史意义的46.infer猜想，臆测，推断imply含有……的意思48.relief缓解belief信念brief 简短的，短暂的49.breed品类，种类bleed流血breeze微风50.intense激烈的，强烈的，紧张的intensive加强的，集中的；深入细致的，彻底的51.loose“松的，宽的” lose“丢失”52.brow眉毛brown棕色的blow 吹53.bucket水桶budget预算54.bulb灯泡bump碰，撞bomb投弹，轰炸55.electrical用电的，带电的, 有电的electrical电的，与电有关的electronic电子的56.economic经济上的，经济学的economical经济的，节俭的57.capital首都；资本；主要的captain 船长，队长capture 捕获；占领58.considerable相当多（大）的considerate体谅的59.intense强烈的，剧烈的，高度的intensive精深的，集中的60.respectable值得尊敬的，有名望的respectful尊敬人的有礼貌的respective分别的，各自的62.ceiling天花板cell细胞63.cent分币，分centigrade摄氏的；百分度的centimetre厘米64.alternate轮流的，交替的alternative选择的，两者选一的65.center中心，中央century世纪；百年66.campaign运动champion冠军67.character性质，特性，品质characteristic 特有的，特征chapter章68.chat 聊天chase追逐cease停止69.chief首领，领袖，上司chef厨师chill 寒冷70.cheek 面颊cheer使振奋，欢呼，喝彩chest胸部check检查，核对71.civil国内的civilian平民civilization文明，文化，教养72.classic经典作品，经典作家classical古典的classify把……归类73.memorable 值得记忆的，不能忘却的memorial 纪念的74.social 社会的sociable 善社交的75.coach车厢，指导coal煤coast海岸coat上衣，外套76.coin硬币coincidence巧合77.collapse塌下，崩溃college大学colleague同事bination结合comb梳子ment评论command命令；指挥；掌握commercial商业的，赢利的mit犯committee委员会munity社会，团体communicate交流communist共产主义的pany公司；陪伴comparative相比较而言plete完成，结束compete竞争；比赛pose创作，作曲；组成构成composition作文；乐曲85.condition条件；状况conduct进行；指挥86.confidence自信心confirm证实，确认conflict冲突，战斗87.confess承认，坦白congress代表大会，立法机关88.conscience良心conscious有意识的consequence结果，后果89.concern关心的事，关心concentrate集中；专心90.constant经常的，不断的construct建造，构造consult 请教，查阅consume 消耗，消费；吃完91.elementary 基本的elemental 自然的92.convey运送，传送convince使确信，使信服93.cope竞争；争斗copy抄写cooperate合作，协作；配合corporation法人；公司94.country国家；乡下count数，清点counter柜台county郡court球场，法院95.crush压碎，压倒crash飞机坠毁crack裂缝track轨道96.crisis危机criticize批评，指责critic批评家, 评论家; 鉴定家. critical 苛求的；批判性的97.crowd人群crown王冠，国王98.cultivate耕作，培植cultural文化的99.cure治疗，治愈curious好奇的；稀奇的100.vacation假期vocation职业行业，才能；素质101.particular独特的，详细的peculiar 奇特的，罕见的102.spite 怨恨spit 吐痰。

31.accelerate vt. 加速,促进同义替换：hurry up speed quicken precipitate hasten记忆：ac表加强+ cele赛了+ rate速度比率→不断在比赛中加速More efforts, as reported, will be made in the years ahead to accelerate the supplyside structural reform.据报道，未来几年将加大力度加快供给侧结构性改革。

32.absolute a. 绝对的,无条件的；完全的同义替换：thorough perfect entire total positive plete记忆：俺不识路→我完全不识路→absolute adj.绝对的，完全的;不受任何限制Ten years after my chess class with Ashley, I'm still putting to use what he taught me: "the absolute most important skill that you learn when you play chess is how to make good decisions." 在和阿什利一起上国际象棋课十年后，我仍然在用他教给我的东西:“下棋时你学到的最重要的技能是如何做出正确的决定。

”33.boundary n. 分界线,边界记忆：帮追→民众帮助警察追捕犯人道边界为止Today, professors routinely treat the progressive interpretation of history and progressive public policy as the proper subject of study while portraying conservative or classical liberal ideas —such as free markets, selfreliance—as falling outside the boundaries of routine, and sometimes legitimate, intellectual investigation.今天，教授们例行公事地把历史的进步解释和进步的公共政策作为适当的研究主题，而把保守的或古典的自由主义思想——比如自由市场、自力更生——描绘成常规的、有时是合法的、智力研究的边界之外。

高考阅读100个同义词替换精髓词汇1.important=crucial =significant=vital=essential=critical=fatal=indispensable=necessarymon=universal=ubiquitous=general=widely3.abundant=ample(enough and usually extra), plentiful(enough for people's needs and wants) =sufficient4.stick=adhere=cling(hold on something tightly) =insist=persist5.neglect=ignore=overlook=elide=lose sight of sth.(difference: neglect means someone has not paid enough attention to something; ignore means no attention.)6.near=adjacent(two things next to each other)=adjoin(the same as adjacent) =close to7.pursue=woo(man woos woman, old-fashioned), seek(if you seeksth, you try to obtain it.) =chase=aspire8.accurate=precise(precise is exact and accurate in all details), exact(correct in every detail)9.vague=obscure=dim=indistinct=fuzzy10.top=peak=summit=acmepetitor=rival=opponent(especially in sports and politics)12.blame=condemn(if you condemn something, you say it is very bad and unacceptable) =make illegal=abuse=censure=denounce=curse=imprecate13.opinion=perspective=standpoint=idea=viewpoint=point of view14.fame=prestige(describe those who are admired), reputation=distinction15.build=erect=establish=foundhumble pie16.insult=humiliate(do something or say something which makes people feel ashamed or stupid) =put sb. to shameplain=grumble (complain something in a bad-tempered way) =murmur at18.primary=radical(very important and great in degree), fundamental19.relieve=alleviate(alleviate means you make pain or sufferings less intense or severe) =lighten=ease=remit20.force=coerces into(coerce means you make someone do something he does not want to),compel=enforce=impel21.enlarge=magnify(magnify means make something larger than it really is) =expansion=amplify=broadenplex=intricate(if something is intricate, it often has many small parts and details)=complicated=sophisticated23. lonely=solitary=lonesome=single24.small=minuscule(very small), minute,25.praise=extol(stronger than praise), compliment=commend26.hard-working=industry=assiduous(someone who is assiduous works hard or does things very thoroughly)27.difficult=tough=bump=rub=arduous(if something is arduous, it is difficult and tiring, and involves a lot of efforts)28.poor(soil)=barren=infertile(used to describe the soil is so poor that plants cannot be planted on it)29.fragile=brittle=vulnerable(someone who is vulnerable is easily hurt emotionally or physically)30.show=demonstrate=illustrate=prove=indicate=discover=find(to demonstrate a fact means to make it clear to people.)31.big=massive(large in size, quantity, or extent)=colossal(use this word, you emphasize something’s large), tremendous=giant=huge=enormous=gigantic32.avoid=shun=escape=prevent=hide from33.fair=impartial=just=equitable=detached34.attack=assault(physically attack someone), assail(attack violently)=offend35.dislike=abhor(abhor means you hate something to a extreme extent for moral reasons), loathe(dislike very much) disagreeable=disgusting=hate36.ruin=damage=break=devastate=destroy=wreck=decay=ravage37.rare=infrequent(doesn’t happen often)38.greedy=rapacious(greedy and selfish)39.always=invariably=often=usually= frequently40.forever=perpetual(a perpetual state never changes), immutable(something immutable will never change or be changed)41.surprise=startle(it means surprise you slightly), astound(surprise you to a large degree),astonish(the same as astound)42.enthusiasm=zeal(a great enthusiasm), fervency(sincere and enthusiasm)43.quiet=tranquil(calm and peaceful), serene(calm and quiet)=silent=calm44.expensive=high price=can’t be affordable=exorbitant (it means too expensive that it should be)45.luxurious=lavish(impressive and very expensive), sumptuous(grand and very expensive)46.boring=tedious(if you describe something tedious, you mean it is boring and frustrating)=senseless=uninteresting=disappointed47.respect=esteem=honor48.worry=fret=apprehensive(if you fret about something, you worry about it)49.cold=chilly(unpleasantly cold), icy(extremely cold)=freeze50.hot=boiling(very hot)51.dangerous=perilous(very dangerous, hazardous(dangerous, especially to people's safety and health)52.nowadays=currently53.only=unique(the only one of its kind), distinctive;54.stop=cease(if something ceases, it stops happening or existing)55.part=component(the components of something are the parts that it is made of)56.result=consequence(the results or effects of something)57.obvious=apparent, manifest58.basedon=derived from /can see or notice them very easily)60.quite=fairly61.pathetic=lamentable(very uncomfortable and disappointing)62.field=domain(a particular field of thought, activities or interest)63.appear=emerge(come into existence)64.whole=entire(the whole of something)65.wet=moist(slightly wet), damp(slightly wet), humid(very damp and hot)!66.wrong=erroneous(incorrect or partly correct)67.difficult=formidable68.change=convert(change into another form)69.typical=quintessential(this word means represent a typical example of something)70.careful=cautious(very careful in order to avoid danger), prudent(careful andsensible)71.ability=capacity, capability(the same as ability)72.strange=eccentric(if some one is eccentric, s/he behaves in a strange way, orhis/her opinion is different from most people)73.rich=affluent(if you are affluent, you have a lot of money)e= utilize (the same as use)75.dubious=skeptical(if you are skeptical about something, you have doubts on it.)76.satisfy=gratify (if you are gratified by something, it gives you pleasure andsatisfaction)77.short=fleeting, ephemeral(if something is ephemeral, it lasts a short time)78.scholarship=fellowship79.angry=enraged(extremely angry)80.smelly=malodorous(used to describe an unpleasant smell)81.ugly=hideous(if something is hideous, it is very ugly or unattractive)#82.attractive=appealing(pleasing and attractive), absorbing(something absorbing canattract you a great deal)83.diverse=miscellaneous(a miscellaneous groups consists of many different kinds of things)84.disorder=disarray, chaos85.crazily=frantically(used to describe someone who behaves in a wild and uncontrolled way)86.rapid=meteoric(ATTENTION: meteoric is only used to describe someone achieves success quickly)87.ordinary=mundane(very ordinary and not at interesting or unusual)88.despite=notwithstanding(FORMAL)89.best=optimal(used to describe the best level something can achieve)/90.sharp=acute(severe and intense)91.unbelievable=inconceivable(ifyou deem something inconceivable, you think it very unlike to happen ^92.puzzle=perplex(something perplex someone means it confuses and worries him/her because he/she does not understand it)93.method=avenue(away of getting something done)94.famous=distinguished(used to describe people who are successful in their career)95.ancient=archaic(extremely old and extremely old-fashioned)96.decorate=embellish(embellish means make something look more attractive via decorating it with something else)/97.possible=feasible(if something is feasible, it can be done, made or achieved)98.so=consequently, accordingly。

常见近义词的区别1.abandon，desert，forsake，quit都含有一定的"放弃"之意abandon 指完全、永远地放弃,尤指对之负有责任或义务者,放弃一个项目或计划desert 强调故意违背自己的义务、责任或誓言等(擅离职守)forsake 指遗弃以前所爱的人或事物,着重于断绝情感上的依恋eg.forsake one's wife and children遗弃妻儿;forsake bad habits摈弃坏习惯2.accessory，decoration，ornament 都含有一定的"装饰品"之意accessory [常作pl.]指(女性的)装饰品,(手提包,些,手套,帽子,项链,耳环等)decoration 指为了装饰某物所使用的艳丽好看的装饰品ornament 指一般装饰品(ornament在作动词时常可和decorate互换)accomplish，complete，end，finish 都含有"完成"之意accomplish 指成功地完成预期的计划或达到预期的目的或成果complete 指完成一件指派或预定的任务，或完善、完整未完成的部分end 指一个动作或一件事情的结束或终止finish 指把一件事或一个动作做完，强调事情的了结、终止3.accurate，correct，delicate，exact，precise都含有一定的"正确,精确"之意accurate 准确的，精确的，指某人或某事不仅不出错，而且与事实无出入，强调准确性correct 正确的，指某人或某事合乎事实或公认的标准或规则，没有错误delicate 精美、精细的、雅致的exact 确切的、精确的,语气较accurate强,指某人或某事数量或质量完全符合事实或标准,而且在细致末节上也丝毫不差precise 精密的,指具有高度的精确性和准确性,强调范围界限的鲜明性或细节的精密,有时略带"吹毛求疵"的贬义4.accuse，charge，indict都含有一定的"指控,控告"之意accuse accuse sb. of doing sth.为…指责某人,控告某人charge charge sb. with doing sth.指控某人…5.achieve,acquire,attain,gain,obtain都含有一定的"获得,达到"之意achieve 强调由于极大的努力,克服困难后达到目标acquire 指经过不懈努力才获得的技术,知识等抽象的东西,也指养成习惯等attain 正式用语,指经过艰苦努力才使人达到完美境地gain 指需要做出比obtain更大的努力,往往指通过竞争获得某些有价值的东西obtain 指经过努力或付出代价或经过很长时间儿得到所需要的东西6.acknowledge,admit,concede,confess,recognize都含有一定的"承认"之意acknowledge 着重”公开承认”,常用来指过去曾隐瞒或否认的事admit 是指在压力下不得不承认已经证实或难以否认的事实,供认(事实,错误等)concede (不情愿地)承认,(在结果确定前)承认失败confess 着重承认自己的过错或罪恶recognize 指正式承认主权、权利等affirm，assert，allege，claim都含有一定的"宣称，断言"之意affirm 断言,肯定,指根据事实坚定不移地宣称,有无可争辩之意assert 宣称,坚持,指不管事实如何,主观自信地宣称allege 宣称,断定,指在无真实凭据情况下宣称,硬说claim 声称,主张,往往表示说话者反对或不同意某一观点7.alarm,dread,fear,fright,horror,panic,terror都含有一定的"惊恐"之意alarm 惊恐,忧虑,指突然遇到危险产生的紧张,害怕,惊慌失措的心理状态,也可指一般的担心忧虑(take/feel alarm at…因…而惊恐)dread 担忧,惧怕,多指因预料有危险和不愉快的事面临而产生的不安心情,比fear更为强烈的恐惧fear 表示恐惧最普通的用语,指遇到危险或灾难内心感到不安或发慌fright 指突然的惊恐horror 令人毛骨悚然,使人极其厌恶的恐怖(常用于强调表现出恐怖的现象或行为,而不强调引起恐怖的原因)panic 恐慌(指吃惊以后随之而来的不知所措,神经几乎失控的状态)terror 恐怖(指个人安全受到严重威胁时所产生的巨大恐惧及惊骇)8.alter,change,convert,modify,shift,transform,vary都含有一定的"改变"之意alter 改变,变更,指衣服等表面或局部做部分变动,而没有变成另一种事物change 改变,变更,指位置,性质,外表,形式或是数量与质量等改变.常与into连用.convert 使转变,变化,一般只表示事物的外表及用途等方面发生的次要变化,而不是本质上的巨大变化,也可用于改变某人的政治观点、信仰.这个词义是其他词所没有的modify 修改,变更,较正式,常用以表示意见,计划或形式,质量方面不大的变化shift 指位置或方向的移动,改变transform 指外形或面貌的改变,彻底改变性格,性质等vary 改变,不同,有区别,变化9.alternative,choose,pick,select都含有一定的"选择"之意alternative adj. n. 供选择的,抉择,供选择的东西.指在两者之间进行选择,两者选一的choose 适用范围最广,指从众多的对象中挑选,这中挑选常取决于个人的意志与判断,不强调客观标准.它所选择的对象可以是不同种类的,可以是有形的或无形的.还常带有最终选定的含义,即表示选定候不再变化.pick 口头用语,指仔细地,精心地选择,含有挑剔的意思.一般指挑选有形的东西select 语气比choose重,多用于正式场合.指仔细地,审慎地精选,强调客观性,而不是主观性.所挑选的对象可以是有形或无形的,但一定是同种类的.10.altitude,aptitude,attitude,latitude都非常形近altitude 高度,海拔(an altitude of 20,000 metres above sea level海拔20,000米)aptitude 才能,智力,倾向,习性attitude 态度,看法latitude 纬度(longitude经度)11.ample, adequate, plentiful,sufficient都含有一定的"足够,丰富"之意ample 指不仅能达到应有的程度,满足需要,而且还有余,一般不修饰数量不定的名词(ample time充裕的时间;an ample basket of fruit满满一篮水果;ample space宽敞的空间)adequate 足够的,充分的,指数量和质量上复合一个特定的标准或不太高的要求plentiful 丰富的,很多的,富裕的sufficient 尤指程度上多到能满足或达到某种特殊需要,特别是精神上的需要12.amplify, enhance, enlarge,expand,magnify都含有一定的"扩大,提高"之意amplify 放大,扩大,增强,指放大,增强(信号等)enhance 提高,增强,指(价格,力量,吸引力,声望)等的增加,提高.enlarge 指体积,大小,范围,能力等方面的增加expand 既可指数量上或体积上的增加,也可用来之前后左右上下任何方向的扩大,也指知识的增长,生意的扩大magnify 指放大,扩大(声音,照片等)13.annoy,furious,indignant,irritate,provoke都含有一定的"恼怒"之意annoy 指有余被迫忍受某种不愉快甚至讨厌的事情而失去耐心或沉着(be annoyed at/by sth. be annoyed with sb. 对某人/某事很生气)furious 狂怒的(be furious with sb. be furious at/about sth对某人/某事大发雷霆)indignant 强调的是愤怒,愤慨,愤愤不平irritate 指一再打扰某人,终于使其失去耐心而发怒.provoke 激怒(人,动物),使生气(provoke sb. to do /into doing...刺激某人做某事)14.apparatus,appliance,equipment,facility,instrument都含有一定的"器具"之意apparatus 指"一套仪器,一套器械,装置"appliance 通常指需要动力才能操作的家用电器和装置等equipment 指"设备,装备"facility (pl.)"设备,设施",只是工作生活便利的工具和环境instrument 指精密的或科学的和艺术上使用的器具等15.answer,reply,respond都含有一定的"回答"之意answer 用的最广,几乎可指口头,书面乃至行动所表示的一切reply 指较为正式或经过考虑的答复,除了后面接直接宾语或以that开始的句子外,一般只用作不及物动词,后面连用to,表示回答旁人的问题(话语,信件,祝贺,攻击等)respond 一般指对紧急问题或请求作出答复,或用行动对所说或所做的事情做出反应16.apparent,clear,evident,obvious,visible都含有一定的"明显"之意apparent 显然明白的,表面上的;常用来修饰容易看见或认识的事物clear 普通用语,凡听清、看清或易于理解的东西都可以用evident 指以事实为根据,加以推理就很明显,多用于抽象事物和推理,如事实、错误、成功等obvious 指极为明显,一目了然,不用多说就能清楚的东西visible 显著的,明显的,可看见的17. a people,peoples,people,the people有何区别?你分清了嘛?a people 指一个国家或地区的"民族、人民".peoples 为a people的复数形式,指许多国家或地区的不同的"民族、人民".people 泛指"人们",是集合名词,不能指一人.以单数形式表示复数意义,谓语动词要用复数the people 指"人民",可指某个国家的人民,也可指全世界的人民.它表示复数概念.若the people作为主语,它的谓语动词要用复数形式.18.argue,debate,discuss,dispute,quarrel都含有一定的"争论"之意argue 指一方坚持自己的意见,立场和观点,通过争论企图说服对方(argue with sb. about/over sth.)debate 多指公开,正式场合进行的辩论或严肃的争论,双方各自陈述理由,"交锋""往返"的意味较强discuss 指为了解决问题或弄清对方的观点而进行的讨论,磋商dispute 指持续,激烈的争论,语气较强,有”相持不下,未得解决”的意思(in dispute在争论中) quarrel 争吵,争论,含与人发生口角的意思19.arise,arouse,raise,rise四个形近词,你分清了吗?arise vi. 突然出现;起床arouse vt.引起,唤醒,激起raise vt.举起,提高,较多地被用于具体的场合,如举手,举杯,升旗等;有时也用于提高工资,提高工作效率等rise vi.上升,升高,上涨等,大多用于抽象或比喻的场合,如太阳,蒸汽,产量的上升,有时也用于具体场合,如人的起立,河水的上涨等20.some time,some times,sometime,sometimes,some day,the other daysome time n. "相当长的一段时间" adv. "某个时候,某一天"=sometimesome times adv. "数次"sometime adv. "某个时候,某一天"(可指过去,也可指将来),可用some time代替sometimes adv."有时,间或"=now and then /from time to timesome day "有朝一日,有一天"(只指将来的一天),常与表示将来的时态连用,也可写成someday the other day "那一天,前几天"(只指过去的某一天),仅用于过去时态中21.artificial,fake,false都含有一定"假的"之意.artificial 人造的,假的,矫揉造作的,不自然的eg.an artificial lake人工湖; artificial smile做作的微笑/假笑; an artificial earth satellite人造地球卫星fake adj.假的,伪造的,冒充的n.假货,赝品(the antique is a fake那古董是件赝品)false 假的,不真实的,带有欺骗性的假象eg.false goods假冒商品22.ascribe,attribute,contribute,oweascribe 和attribute 差别不大,都可以解释为"(中性)把...归因于,(褒义)把...归功于,(贬义)把...归咎于",也可以解释为"把...归属于,认为...归属于...",基本可以互换contribute (to)有助于,促成...owe (to)把...归功于(褒义)23.assemble,accumulate,collect,gatherassemble vt.收集,调集(eg.assemble forces调集兵力;assemble evidence收集证据) vi.聚集(人或事为某种共同目的聚集在一起,为特定计划而统一行动等)accumulate 指知识财富的"累积,积聚"collect vi.聚集,在集中以某一点或组成一组的意义上可与gather互换; vt.收集,仔细地/有选择的收集(集邮,搜集银币等都是一种有选择的收集)gather vt.指把分布广泛零散的东西聚集在一起或人们走到一起汇集成一群24.assess,estimate,evaluate,value,都含有一定的"估计"之意assess 指对财产,收入,损失等做出评估(make an assessment)estimate 对某物的性质,数量最大概的推断,指无法清算或数清时做出估计value→evaluate 指对物的价值给与评定25.assure,ensure,guarantee,insure,warrant都含有一定的"保证"之意assure 表示向某人保证某事一定会发生(内含有让某人放心之意) assure sb. of sth /assure sb. that...ensure "确定,保证"确保某种行为一定会发生ensure sth. /ensure that...guarantee 对某事物的品质或人的行为"提出担保",对事物、商品等无质量,性能等方面的欺诈行为做出保证insure "保险..."(纯粹经济意义)warrant "担保,保证"26.arouse,awake,evoke,wake,waken都含有一定的"唤醒,唤起"之意arouse vt.引起,唤起,激起;唤醒=awakenawake adj.[用作表语]醒着的vt.唤醒,觉醒vi.醒,觉醒,意识到evoke vt.唤起,引起,使人想到wake vi.醒来vt.唤醒,唤起,激起,使认识到wake (up) to 认识到,意识到waken vi.醒来,睡醒(up);觉醒,振奋vt.唤醒,弄醒;使觉醒;使振奋,激发;激起27.amaze,astonish,surprise都含有一定的"惊讶"之意amaze 使吃惊,程度比surprise强(=surprise very much),一般指好事.(be amazed at sth./to do sth.)astonish 使惊愕,指使人大吃一惊(=surprise greatly),含有几乎使人无法相信之意,是个语气较强的词(sb. be astonished at(by) sth./to do sth./that..."被(因)...惊吓")surprise 使惊异,指由于突然的事情使人产生惊奇,有出乎意料的含义.普通用词,语气最弱. (sb. be surprised at/by sth./that.../to do sth.;feel surprised at..."对...感到惊讶";in surprise"吃惊地,在震惊中")28.award,reward都含有一定的"奖励"之意award 指正式或官方颁发,授予award sb. sth.=award sth. to sb.reward 给予报酬,指因对方的工作、服务、帮助而给予的报酬,奖赏某人(in reward for”作为对…回报”;reward sb. for “因…而报答某人”)29.above all,after all,first of all形式相似,意义不同above all “尤其是,最重要的是”,强调特别对待,类似于especially,more than anything else. after all “毕竟,到底”,表示一种让步口气,与in spite of everything,in the end 相似first of all “首先”,表示一种次序,与before anything else类似30.bank,beach,coast,seaside,shore都含有一定的"(海)岸,边"之意bank "河岸,堤岸",指河流两旁高出水面的地方beach "海(湖,河)滩,水滨",指受潮水冲刷而形成的有细沙或卵石覆盖的平缓的斜坡coast "海岸,海岸线",是地理上的专用名词,指海洋与陆地的分界线,有清晰的边界概念.它不能用来指河岸或湖岸.seaside "海滨",尤指假日度假胜地shorel "岸,滨",含义广泛,可指围绕海洋、河流及湖泊旁边的陆地,含有与水相对的意味(in shore"近岸";on shore"在岸上,在陆上";off shore"离岸")31.ban,forbid,prohibit都含有一定的"禁止"之意ban n.vt."禁止,禁令"(=formal prohibition),指合法地或由于社会压力而禁止,含谴责或不赞成的态度,通常搭配形式:ban ...from sth./doing sth.forbid vt."禁止,不许",普通用语,比prohibit通俗,用于较小事物,或个人、上级、官方、长辈做出的禁止命令、规定,或客观条件不允许,通常搭配形式:forbid sb. to do sth.prohibit vt."禁止,不准"(=forbid by authority),指通过法律、法令、警告等作出禁止命令的正式规定或规则,通常搭配形式:prohibit sb. from sth/doing sth.。