新概念英语第四册第11单元同步翻译练习

$课文1 发现化石人1. We can read of things that happened 5，000 years ago in the Near East， where people first learned to write。

我们从书籍中可读到5，000 年前近东发生的事情，那里的人最早学会了写字。

2。

But there are some parts of the world where even now people cannot write。

但直到现在,世界上有些地方,人们还不会书写。

3. The only way that they can preserve their history is to recount it as sagas —- legends handed down from one generation of story tales to another。

他们保存历史的唯一办法是将历史当作传说讲述，由讲述人一代接一代地将史实描述为传奇故事口传下来.4。

These legends are useful because they can tell us something about migrations of people who lived long ago,这些传说是有用的，因为他们告诉我们很久以前生活在这里的移民的一些事情.5. but none could write down what they did。

但是没有人能写下来。

6. Anthropologists wondered where the remote ancestors of the Polynesian peoples now living in the Pacific Islands came from。

人类学家过去不清楚如今生活在太平洋诸岛上的波利尼西亚人的祖先来自何方,7. The sagas of these people explain that some of them came from Indonesia about 2，000 years ago。

Lesson 11 How to grow old第十一课论老之将至by BERTRAND RUSSELLfrom Portraits from Memory11-1. Some old people are oppressed by the fear of death.【译文】有些老人因恐惧死亡而苦恼。

【单词和短语】oppress：使（心情等）沉重；使烦恼，折磨（to make someone feel unhappy, worried, or uncomfortable），例如：A sense of trouble ahead oppressed my spirits.前面的重重困难使我心情沉重。

be oppressed by the unpleasant climate 被讨厌的气候弄得烦恼a writer oppressed by his shortcomings对自己的短处感到苦恼的作家Somehow, the room oppressed him. 这房间不知怎么使他感到压抑。

11-2. In the young there is a justification for this feeling.【译文】年轻人害怕死亡是可以理解的。

【讲解】in the young意为“在年轻人身上”。

in sb.即为“在某人身上”。

the young 指年轻人。

【单词和短语】justification：正当的理由；借口（a good and acceptable reason for doing something），例如：believe with amplejustification that someone is guilty有充分理由相信某人有罪You have no justification for criticizing his in that way.你没有理由那样批评他。

11-3. Young men who have reason to fear that they will be killed inbattle may justifiably feel bitter in the thought that they have been cheated of the best things that life has to offer.【译文】有些年轻人担心他们会在战斗中丧生。

新概念英语第四册课后习题答案Unit 1 CABDD BDAAC AB Unit 2 BCBDC ACAAD BC Unit 3 CABDA CDABA CD Unit 4 ACCAB BCDAA BD Unit 5 CABAB DACBB DD Unit 6 CACCC AAADB AA Unit 7 DCABA BACDA AC Unit 8 BDABD BAABC BC Unit 9 CDBAA CABAC AD Unit 10 CAABD CBBDC AA Unit 11 AABDD DADDB DD Unit 12 CABAC CDACA AB Unit 13 ACDAC BDABC AD Unit 14 DBDCC ACCBD BD Unit 15 CADCD DBACA CA Unit 16 ABCCA DDBAB AC Unit 17 BBADA BBDCD CA Unit 18 BABCD CDCCC BA Unit 19 BBCAD AABDD BC Unit 20 BCADC CCBDB CA Unit 21 BDBBA ADDAB CA Unit 22 CDACB ADBCD AB Unit 23 CADCC DCABC AC Unit 24 AACCB CADDA CD Unit 25 DBADD CACDB CA Unit 26 CBCBA CDDAB AC Unit 27 BCDCC ACCDD DA Unit 28 ADCDA BCADA BD Unit 29 CCADD CCADA BC Unit 30 CABDD BCCAC DC Unit 31 AABAD BADDC BD Unit 32 BDCBA DBDCA BC Unit 33 BDBAD BCCDC BA Unit 34 DCACB DACDB CA Unit 35 CBCAC ABBDC CD Unit 36 ACBCC ACCDB AC Unit 37 CABAC DBCDC BD Unit 38 CAABB ACBDD AB Unit 39 BCADA BDDBD BC Unit 40 DCDAC ADDDA DB Unit 41 ACACD CBBBD BC Unit 42 BCCBD BDADC AC Unit 43 DBABC CDDAC BB Unit 44 AAAAB BBBDC BA Unit 45 CADAC CACDC DC Unit 46 BBDBD ABCDA BD Unit 47 CAADB CACDB BC Unit 48 CCBCC CCDBA AB新概念4 笔记/nce/24278_2.shtmlUnit 1 Finding fossil man一、重点单词解释1、recount：v.叙述注意读音，重音在后。

新概念英语第四册第十一单元课文原文Lesson 11 How to grow old 如何安度晚年Some old people are oppressed by the fear of death. In the young there is a justification for this feeling. Young men who have reason to fear that they will be killed in battle may justifiably feel bitter in the thought that they have been cheated of the best things that life has to offer. But in an old man who has known human joys and sorrows, and has achieved whatever work it was in him to do, the fear of death is somewhat abject and ignoble. The best way to overcome it so at least it seems to me----is to make your interests gradually wider and more impersonal, until bit by bit the walls of the ego recede, and your life becomes increasingly merged in the universal life. An individual human existence should be like a river--small at first, narrowly contained within its banks, and rushing passionately past boulders and over waterfalls. Gradually the river grows wider, the banks recede, the waters flow more quietly, and in the end, without any visible break, they become merged in the sea, and painlessly lose their individual being. The man who, in old age, can see his life in this way, will not suffer from the fear of death, since the things he cares for will continue. And it, with the decay of vitality, weariness increases, the thought of rest will be not unwelcome. I should wish to die while still at work, knowing that others will carry on what I can no longer do, and content in the thought that what was possible has been done. (NCE Book Four)。

新概念第四册课文翻译及学习笔记：Lesson11新概念第四册课文翻译及学习笔记：Lesson11【课文】First listen and then answer the following question.听录音，然后回答以下问题。

What, according to the author, is the best way to overcome the fear of death as you get older?Some old people are oppressed by the fear of death. In the young there is a justification for this feeling. Young men who have reason to fear that they will be killed inbattle may justifiably feel bitter in the thought that they have been cheated of the best things that life has to offer. But in an old man who has known human joys and sorrows, and has achieved whatever work it was in him to do, the fear of death is somewhat abject and ignoble. The best way to overcome it -- so at least it seems to me -- is to make your interests gradually wider and more impersonal, until bit by bit the walls of the ego recede, and your life becomes increasingly merged in the universal life. An individual human existence should be like a river -- small at first, narrowly contained within its banks, and rushing passionately past boulders and over waterfalls. Gradually the river grows wider, the banks recede, the waters flow more quietly, and in the end, without any visible break, they become merged in the sea, and painlessly lose their individual being. The man who, in old age, can see his life in this way, will not suffer from the fear of death, since the things he cares for will continue. And if, with the decay of vitality, weariness increases, the thought of rest will be not unwelcome. Ishould wish to die while still at work, knowing that otherswill carry on what I can no longer do, and content in the thought that what was possible has been done.BERTRAND RUSSELL How to grow old from Portraits from Memory【New words and expressions 生词和短语】oppress v. 忧郁，压抑justification n. 正当理由justifiably adv. 无可非议地cheat v. 欺骗abject adj. 可怜的ignoble adj. 不体面的，可耻的impersonal adj. 超脱个人感情影响的ego n. 自我receded v. 退去increasing adv. 日益，持续passionately adv. 激昂地painlessly adv. 毫无痛苦地vitality n. 精力weariness n. 疲惫感【课文注释】1.oppress，压迫，使担心、使烦恼。

• My whole morning’s work has been put out of gear by that mishap. • By hiding himself among the bushes, he at last flung off his pursuers. • We must make every effort to wipe out the injustice in the system. • The soldiers held on to that isolated position until reinforcements arrived.
• In front of all the facts, he was compelled to admit that he had stolen that confidential document. • His inability to speak English puts him at a disadvantage when he attends international conferences. • Here there was no one in sight for miles, which made me feel very lonely. • At the beginning of May 1945, it was clear even to the most zealous of Hitler’s followers that his “ Thousand-Year Reich” was doomed.
The story of an eyewitness
•ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้•
•
• •
1. Except for some dwelling houses on its outskirts, San Francisco has almost completely disappeared from the world and only remains in people’s memories. 2. Nothing could stop the forceful advancement of the flames. 3. The courageous and brave deeds in the fight against fire would fill up a library if written down and use up the entire Carnegie medal fund if rewarded. / The deeds of heroism were so many that they would be hard to be recorded and rewarded. 4. sometimes all members of a family fastened themselves with straps to a carriage or delivery wagon that was heavily loaded with their possessions. 5. And two United States soldiers sat astride on their horses and calmly watched the conflagration, their shapes contrasting sharply with the wall of flame behind them.

新概念英语第四册：Lesson11 How to grow old 【篇一】How to grow old如何安度晚年First listen and then answer the following question.听录音，然后回答以下问题。

What, according to the author, is the best way to overcome the fear of death as you get older?Some old people are oppressed by the fear of death. In the young there is a justification for this feeling. Young men who have reason to fear that they will be killed inbattle may justifiably feel bitter in the thought that they have cheated of the best things that life has to offer. But in an old man who has known human joys and sorrows, and has achieved whatever work it was in him to do, the fear of death is somewhat abject and ignoble. The best way to overcome it -- so at least it seems to me -- is to make your interests gradually wider and more impersonal, until bit by bit the walls of the ego recede, and your life becomes increasingly merged in the universal life. An individual human existence should be like a river -- small at first, narrowly contained within its banks, and rushing passionately past boulders and over waterfalls. Gradually the river grows wider, the banks recede, the waters flow more quietly, and in the end, without any visible break, they become merged in the sea, and painlessly lose their individual being. The man who, in old age, can see his life in this way, will not suffer from thefear of death, since the things he cares for will continue. And if, with the decay of vitality, weariness increases, the thought of rest will be not unwelcome. I should wish to die while still at work, knowing that others will carry on what I can no longer do, and content in the thought that what was possible has been done.BERTRAND RUSSELL How to grow old from Portraits from Memory【篇二】New words and expressions 生词和短语oppressv. 忧郁，压抑justificationn. 正当理由justifiablyadv. 无可非议地cheatv. 欺骗abjectadj. 可怜的ignobleadj. 不体面的，可耻的impersonaladj. 超脱个人感情影响的egon. 自我recededv. 退去increasingadv. 日益，持续passionatelyadv. 激昂地painlesslyadv. 毫无痛苦地vitalityn. 精力wearinessn. 疲惫感【篇三】参考译文有些老年人因为怕死而感到烦恼。

新概念第四册课文翻译及学习笔记：Lesson11【课文】First listen and then answer the following question.听录音，然后回答以下问题。

What, according to the author, is the best way to overcome the fear of death as you get older?Some old people are oppressed by the fear of death. In the young there is a justification for this feeling. Young men who have reason to fear that they will be killed inbattle may justifiably feel bitter in the thought that they have been cheated of the best things that life has to offer. But in an old man who has known human joys and sorrows, and has achieved whatever work it was in him to do, the fear of death is somewhat abject and ignoble. The best way to overcome it -- so at least it seems to me -- is to make your interests gradually wider and more impersonal, until bit by bit the walls of the ego recede, and your life becomes increasingly merged in the universal life. An individual human existence should be like a river -- small at first, narrowly contained within its banks, and rushing passionately past boulders and over waterfalls. Gradually the river grows wider, the banks recede, the waters flow more quietly, and in the end, without any visible break, they become merged in the sea, and painlessly lose their individual being. The man who, in old age, can see his life in this way, will not suffer from the fear of death, since the things he cares for will continue. And if, with the decay of vitality, weariness increases, the thought of rest will be not unwelcome. Ishould wish to die while still at work, knowing that others will carry on what I can no longer do, and content in the thought that what was possible has been done.BERTRAND RUSSELL How to grow old from Portraits from Memory【New words and expressions 生词和短语】oppress v. 忧郁，压抑justification n. 正当理由justifiably adv. 无可非议地cheat v. 欺骗abject adj. 可怜的ignoble adj. 不体面的，可耻的impersonal adj. 超脱个人感情影响的ego n. 自我receded v. 退去increasing adv. 日益，持续passionately adv. 激昂地painlessly adv. 毫无痛苦地vitality n. 精力weariness n. 疲惫感【课文注释】1.oppress，压迫，使担心、使烦恼。

新概念英语第四册第11课:How to grow oldLesson 11 How to grow old如何安度晚年 First listen and then answer the following question.听录音，然后回答以下问题。

What, according to the author, is the best way to overcome the fear of death as you get older?Some old people are oppressed by the fear of death. In the young there is a justification for this feeling. Young men who have reason to fear that they will be killed in battle may justifiably feel bitter in the thought that they have cheated of the best things that life has to offer. But in an old man who has known human joys and sorrows, and has achieved whatever work it was in him to do, the fear of death is somewhat abject and ignoble. The best way to overcome it -- so at least it seems to me -- is to make your interests gradually wider and more impersonal, until bit by bit the walls of the ego recede, and your life becomes increasingly merged in the universal life. An individual human existence should be like a river -- small at first, narrowly contained within its banks, and rushing passionately past boulders and over waterfalls. Gradually the river grows wider, the banks recede, the waters flow more quietly, and in the end, without any visible break, they become merged in the sea, and painlessly lose their individual being. The man who, in old age, can see his life in this way, will not suffer from the fear of death, since the things he cares for will continue. And if, with the decay of vitality, weariness increases, the thought of rest will be not unwelcome. I should wish to die while still at work, knowing that others will carry on what I can no longer do,and content in the thought that what was possible has been done.参考译文有些老年人因为怕死而感到烦恼。

新概念英语第四册句子精选：Lesson11165. Some old people are oppressed by the fear of death.有些老年人因为怕死而感到烦恼。

166. In the young there is a justification for this feeling.青年人有这种感觉是情有可原的。

167. Young men who have reason to fear that they will be killed in battle may justifiably feel bitter in the thought that they have cheated of the best things that life has to offer.有理由害怕自己会死在战场上的年轻人，想到自己被剥夺了生活所能给予的最美好的东西时，感到痛苦，这是能够理解的。

168. But in an old man who has known human joys and sorrows, and has achieved whatever work it was in him to do,不过老年人已经饱尝了人间的甘苦，一切能做的都做了，169. the fear of death is somewhat abject and ignoble.如果怕死，就有点儿可怜又可鄙。

170. The best way to overcome it -- so at least it seems to me -- is to make your interests gradually wider and more impersonal,克服怕死的办法 -- 至少在我看来是这样 -- 就是逐渐使自己的兴趣更加广泛，171. until bit by bit the walls of the ego recede, and your life becomes increasingly merged in the universal life.逐渐摆脱个人狭小的圈子，直到自我的围墙一点一点地倒塌下来，自己的生活慢慢地和整个宇宙的生活融合在一起。

新概念英语第4册课后习题答案: Unit 11 AABDD DADDB DD 新概念英语第4册课后习题: Multiple choice questions 多项选择题 Choose the correct answers to the following questions. Comprehension 理解 1 It is ______ that young people fear they will die. a.not surprising b.unnatural c.oppressive d.deceitful 2 Fear of death in old people ______. a.is not something the writer admires b.is wider and more impersonal c.is all right for someone who has known joys and sorrow d.is truly justified 3 As a person's interests become more impersonal, so ______. a.his existence becomes like a river b.the sense of individuality decreases c.life flows without a visible break d.the waters flow more quietly 4 An old person can reach a stage where _______. a.the things he cares for will continue b.he wishes to die while still at work c.his life will continue d.he looks forward to death Structure 句型 5 In the young, this feeling ______.(1.1) a.has justified b.was justified c.justified d.is justified 6 In an old man ______ has known human joys and sorrows … (11.3-4) a.what b.which c.- d.that 7 An individual human existence should be like a river.That's how it _______ be.(1.7) a.ought to b.must c.has to d.is obliged to 8 _____ death will not bring fear to the old man who can see his life in this way.(11.10-11) a.A b.The c.Every d.- Vocabulary 词汇 9 Young men may justifiably feel they have been ______ of the best things in life.(11.1-2) a.deceived b.lied c.stolen d.robbed 10 Your life becomes increasingly _______ in the universal life.(11.6-7) a.lost b.joined c.sunk d.contained 11 _____ the river grows wider … (11.8-9) a.Less and less b.Step by step c.One by one d.Little by little 12 I should wish to die while still at work, ______ that others will carry on … (11.13-14) a.thinking b.aware c.believing d.acceptin。

$课文1 发现化石人1. We can read of things that happened 5,000 years ago in the Near East, where people first learned to write.我们从书籍中可读到5,000 年前近东发生的事情，那里的人最早学会了写字。

2. But there are some parts of the world where even now people cannot write.但直到现在,世界上有些地方，人们还不会书写。

3. The only way that they can preserve their history is to recount it as sagas -- legends handed down from one generation of story tales to another.他们保存历史的唯一办法是将历史当作传说讲述，由讲述人一代接一代地将史实描述为传奇故事口传下来。

4. These legends are useful because they can tell us something about migrations of people who lived long ago,这些传说是有用的，因为他们告诉我们很久以前生活在这里的移民的一些事情。

5. but none could write down what they did.但是没有人能写下来。

6. Anthropologists wondered where the remote ancestors of the Polynesian peoples now living in the Pacific Islands came from.人类学家过去不清楚如今生活在太平洋诸岛上的波利尼西亚人的祖先来自何方，7. The sagas of these people explain that some of them came from Indonesia about 2,000 years ago.当地人的传说却告诉人们：其中一部分是约在2,000年前从印度尼西亚迁来的。

新概念大学英语第四册课后翻译Unit 11.这种植物只有在培育它的土壤中才能很好地成长。

The plant does not grow well in soils other than the one in whichit has been developed.2.研究结果表明，无论我们白天做了什么事情，晚上都会做大约两个小时的梦。

Research findings show that we spend about two hours dreaming every night, no matter what we may have done during the day.3.有些人往往责怪别人没有尽最大努力，以此来为自己的失败掩护。

Some people tend to justify their failure by blaming others for not trying their best.4.我们忠于我们的承诺：凡是答应做的，我们都会做到We remain tree to our commitment: Whatever we promised to do; we would do it.5.连贝多芬的父亲都不相信自己的儿子日后可能成为世界最伟大的音乐家，爱迪生也同样如此，他的老师觉得他似乎过于迟钝Even Beethoven's father discounted the possibility that his son would one day become the greatest musician in the world. The same is true of Edison, who seemed to his teacher to be quite dull.6.当局控告他们威胁国家安全They were accused by authorities of threatening the state security.unit 21.要是这部喜剧中的人物更幽默些的话，就会吸引更多的观众If the characters in this comedy had been more humorous, it would have attracted a larger audience.2.她从未对自己的能力失去过信心，因此她有可能成为一名成功的演员She has never lost faith in her own ability, so it is a possibility for her to become a successful actress.3.我从未受过正式培训，我只是边干边学I never had formal training, I just learned as I went along.4.随着产品进入国际市场，他们的品牌知名度越来越高了As their products find their way into the international market,their brand is gaining in popularity.5.她可以编造一个故事，说自己被窃贼打昏，所有的钱都没了，但她怀疑自己能否使这个故事听起来可信She could make up a story by saying she was knocked unconscious by thieves and that all her money was gone, but she doubted whether she could make it sound believable.6.谁都不清楚他是否故意推迟了这次的访问，可是这引起了对他更多的批评No one was certain whether he postponed the visit on purpose, but this brought more criticism of him.unit 31.据报道有七八位官员收受贿赂，市长决定亲自出马调查这件事Seven or eight officials are reported to have taken bribes and the mayor has decided to look into the affair in person.2.这些工人后悔当时接受管理部门的意见重新回去工作。

新概念第四册课文翻译及学习笔记：Lesson11【课文】First listen and then answer the following question.听录音，然后回答以下问题。

What, according to the author, is the best way to overcome the fear of death as you get older?Some old people are oppressed by the fear of death. In the young there is a justification for this feeling. Young men who have reason to fear that they will be killed in battle may justifiably feelbitter in the thought that they have been cheated of the best things that life has to offer. But in an old man who has known human joys and sorrows, and has achieved whatever work it was in him to do, the fear of death is somewhat abject and ignoble. The best way to overcome it -- so at least it seems to me -- is to make yourinterests gradually wider and more impersonal, until bit by bit the walls of the ego recede, and your life becomes increasingly merged in the universal life. An individual human existence should be like a river -- small at first, narrowly contained within its banks, and rushing passionately past boulders and over waterfalls. Gradually the river grows wider, the banks recede, the waters flow more quietly, and in the end, without any visible break, they become merged in the sea, and painlessly lose their individual being. The man who, in old age, can see his life in this way, will not suffer from the fear of death, since the things he cares for will continue. And if, with the decay of vitality, weariness increases, the thought of rest will be not unwelcome. I should wish to die while still at work, knowing that others will carry on what I can no longer do, and content in the thought that what was possible has been done.BERTRAND RUSSELL How to grow old from Portraits from Memory【New words and expressions 生词和短语】oppress v. 忧郁，压抑justification n. 正当理由justifiably adv. 无可非议地cheat v. 欺骗abject adj. 可怜的ignoble adj. 不体面的，可耻的impersonal adj. 超脱个人感情影响的ego n. 自我receded v. 退去increasing adv. 日益，不断passionately adv. 激昂地painlessly adv. 毫无痛苦地vitality n. 精力weariness n. 疲惫感【课文注释】1.oppress，压迫，使担心、使烦恼。

新概念英语第四册：惯用语 Lesson11-12【篇一】1.bit by bit 一点儿一点儿，逐步地，慢慢地(参见little by little, word by word, step by step, one step at a time, line by line.所列习语和bit by bit同义)例句：She learned to use the computer bit by bit.她一点儿一点儿地学会了使用计算机。

2.break n. 中断，间歇 vt.1.打破，破碎2.中断，中止3.违反(法律、规定等)vi.破，断裂break in (into to) 闯入...(enter by force)例句：1.With the security door so firm that nobody can break in.防盗门这么结实，没有人能闯进来。

【篇二】If someone were trying to break into your house. what would your reaction be?如果有人试图闯入你的房子，你会有什么反应呢?broak out in a rash 皮肤过敏，出疹子(to become covered with small red spots)例句：1.Jerry broke out in a rash because he had eaten too much seafood.杰瑞吃了太多海鲜，皮肤过敏了。

2.She had been exposed so long in the sun that she broke out in a rash.她在阳光下曝晒太久以致皮肤过敏了。

【篇三】Lesson 121.account n. 1.陈述，说明2.账户.[pl.] 账目3.理由;缘故4.重要xing：价值;利益;利润 vi 1.说明，解释2.是…的原因3.占…4.解决;捕捉on account of 因为，由于(because of, due to)例句：1.Do you think Professor Smith will cancel class on account of the special conference?你觉得史密斯教授会因为这次特别的会议而不上课吗?2.The New Year celebration was called off on account of no access to the auditorium.由于租不到大礼堂，新年庆祝晚会取消了。

新概念第四册课文翻译及学习笔记【Lesson10、11、12】【课文】First listen and then answer the following question.听录音，然后回答以下问题。

What does the computer industry thrive on apart from anarchy?Technology trends may push Silicon Valley back to the future. Carver Mead, a pioneer in integrated circuits and a professor of computer science at the California Institute of Technology, notes there are now work-stations that enable engineers to design, test and produce chips right on their desks, much the way an editor creates a newsletter on a Macintosh. As the time and cost of making a chip drop to afew days and a few hundred dollars, engineers may soon befree to let their imaginations soar without being penalizedby expensive failures. Mead predicts that inventors will be able to perfect powerful customized chips over a weekend atthe office -- spawning a new generation of garage start-ups and giving the U.S. a jump on its foreign rivals in getting new products to market fast. 'We've got more garages with smart people,' Mead observes. 'We really thrive on anarchy.'And on Asians. Already, orientals and Asian Americans constitute the majority of the engineering staffs at many Valley firms. And Chinese, Korean, Filipino and Indian engineers are graduating in droves from California's colleges.As the heads of next-generation start-ups, these Asian innovators can draw on customs and languages to forge tighter links with crucial Pacific Rim markets. For instance, Alex Au, a Stanford Ph.D. from Hong Kong, has set up a Taiwan factoryto challenge Japan's near lock on the memory-chip market.India-born N.Damodar Reddy's tiny California company reopened an AT & T chip plant in Kansas City last spring withfinancing from the state of Missouri. Before it becomes a retirement village, Silicon Valley may prove a classroom for building a global business.US NEWS AND WORLD REPORT, October 2, 1989【New words and expressions 生词和短语】silicon n. 硅integrated adj. 综合的circuit n. 线路，电路California n. 加利福尼亚(美国州名)workstation n. 工作站chip n. 芯片，集成电路片，集成块newsletter n. 时事通讯Macintosh n. 苹果机，一种个人电脑penalize v. 处罚，惩罚customize v. 按顾客具体需要制造spawn v. 引起，酿成thrive v. 兴旺，繁荣anarchy n. 无政府状态，混乱oriental n. 东方人constitute v. 构成drove n. 群innovator n. 发明者forge v. 发展memory-chip n. 内存条AT & T 美国电话电报公司 (American Telephone and Telegraph)Kansas n. 堪萨斯(美国州名)Missouri n. 密苏里(美国州名)【课文注释】1. thrive on靠……健壮发展，以……旺盛。

Unit 11 A Friend in Need
Before Reading
Global Reading
Detailed Reading
After Reading
Liza of Lambeth, a tale of working-class adultery and its consequences, proved popular with both reviewers and the public, and the first print run sold out in a matter of weeks. This was enough to convince Maugham, had been qualified as a doctor, to drop medicine and embark on his sixty-five year career as a man of letters. Of his entry into the profession of writing he later said, “I took to it as a duck takes to water.” Maugham‟s masterpiece is generally agreed to be Of Human Bondage, a semi-autobiographical novel. Later successful novels were also based on real-life characters: The Moon and Sixpence fictionalizes the life of Paul Gauguin; and Cakes and Ale contains thinly veiled characterizations of authors Thomas Hardy and Hugh Walpole. Maugham‟s last major novel, The Razor’s Edge, published in 1944, was a departure for him in many ways. While much of the novel takes place in Europe, its main characters are American, not British. The protagonist is a disillusioned veteran of World War I who abandons his wealthy