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2019届二轮复习短文改错解题指导教案第一、二课时一、学情分析短文改错题型相对于之前的类型有很大的变化，2013年之前新课标全国卷的短文改错将错误设置在每一行，缩小了学生完成的难度，但新题型出现之后，学生普遍觉得不适应，更有学生完全无法正确对待该题，基础较差的学生对短文改错经常是束手无策，甚至是放任不管，因为分值不是很高，但在高考中，多得一分也具有压倒性的优势，因此，让学生正确对待改错题，排除短文改错的心理障碍是提高该部分分值的直接推动力；本次课主要是在学生自己感受和体验高考改错新题型的基础上，总结改错当中有可能出现的错误，并经过小组讨论的形式，探究该题型的解题技巧，对答题规范进行训练，最后让学生用自己探索出来的解题方式解决改错中遇到的问题。
二、题型简介新型高考改错题是在2013年首次出现在新课标全国二卷中的，它是继新课改以来，为了适应新课改的改革要求，灵活考察学生的英语语言知识水平，测试学生对语言词汇、语言习惯、固定搭配、惯有句型以及语法、整篇大意的理解和把握而新设的一道综合测试题。
这道新题型的特点具有起点高、开放性、灵活性强等特点，对学生的英语综合知识水平是一道较好的测试题。
和过去的高考英语改错题相比较，新旧题型特点如下：1.旧题型要求在固定行中找出语言或语言错误，而新题型则要求在整篇中找出错误。
2.旧题型10行中可能有一处正确或全错，而新题型则在文章中有10处错误。
3.旧题型相对死板，新题型则相对灵活。
4.旧题型相对固定墨守成规和拘束，新题型相对新颖而开放式。
5.旧题型相对起点低，模式死板；新题型相对起点高，难度加大，测试效度更强。
三、教学目标1.知识与技能（1）让学生掌握改错题的出题方向和考察内容。
（2）让学生学会有效的解题技能。
（3）让学生正确、规范的答题。
2.过程与方法（1）自主学习（2）小组讨论（3）总结呈现3.情感态度价值观（1）排除解题障碍，树立解题信心。
（2）端正学习态度，认真对待考试。
2019年高考英语二轮复习【短文改错题解题指导及训练】高考英语短文改错技巧第一步必须熟悉设错方式1. 必须熟悉设错方式：多词、少词、错词。
⑴多词现象大多出现在冠词、介词、助动词、连词、语义重复及行文逻辑等方面。
⑵少词现象主要出现在冠词、介词、副词、助动词、不定式符号to、连词等。
⑶错词现象主要在冠词、介词、名词单复数、动词时态、非谓语动词、主谓一致、代词、连词、词形。
2. 平时应加强基本功训练，用一个“错题集”本把自己或同学在书面表达中出现的错误归纳一下，以便考前复习。
第一步加强基本功训练短文改错与书面表达一样，最能反映一个人的语言功底。
大家在该题上失分最厉害，因为此题而影响英语总成绩的占大多数。
第二步对全文宏观把握大家应把改错内容当作一篇小短文来理解，这样能对短文有个宏观把握，对上下文有全面的了解。
在理解篇章的基础上逐句审读，分析判断，上下兼顾，把明显的、拿的准的题先做完，这样可以缩小包围圈，也有助于对全文的进一步理解。
第三步从语法角度审查1. 查看时态是否一致。
My favorite sport is football. I was a member of our football team. 全文都是用的一般现在时，此句中的was显然与上下文语境不符，应改为am。
2. 查看主谓是否一致。
Anyone may borrow books, and it cost nothing to borrow them. cost应改为costs，因其主语是it(为形式主语)，且上下文均为一般现在时。
3. 查指代是否一致。
The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.句中的主语the Smiths表的是Smith一家人，因此指示代词his应改为their。
4. 查平行结构是否平行一致。
由and, or, but, either...or..., neither...nor..., not only...but also..., as well as 等并列连词和词组连接的结构可称为平行结构。
2019年高考英语二轮复习讲义第三板块no.1先研考题专题二【短文改错】[做考题·明考情]A(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)When I was little, Friday's night was our family game night. After supper, we would play card games of all sort in the sitting room. As the kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked to watching them, my parents would not to let me. They would say to us that playing card games would help my brain. Still I unwilling to play the games for them sometimes. I didn't realize how right my parents are until I entered high school. The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life.答案：第一句：Friday's→Friday第二句：sort→sorts第三句：the→a; watching→watch; 去掉not后的to第四句：us→me第五句：I后加was; for→with第六句：are→were第七句：where→whenB(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)It was Monday morning, and the writing class had just begin. Everyone was silent, wait to see who would be called upon to read his and her paragraph aloud. Some of us were confident and eager take part in the class activity; others were nervous and anxious. I had done myself homework, but I was shy. I was afraid that to speak in front of a larger group of people. At that moment, I remembered that my father once said，“The classroom is a place for learning and that include learning from textbooks, and mistake as well.” Immediate, I raised my hand.答案：第一句：begin→begun第二句：wait→waiting; and→or第三句：eager后加to第四句：myself→my/the第五句：去掉that; larger→large第六句：include→includes; mistake→mistakes第七句：Immediate→Immediately“三表”析清短文改错一、命题视角原则表——知考什么(“频次”中的数字为2016～2018年全国卷9套试题的考查题量累计)宏观考向词法句法行文逻辑微观考法考点频次设误角度考点频次考点频次动词24时态、语态、非谓语动词、情态动词与虚拟语气并列连词7时态一致11名词8可数不可数、单数还是复数、是否需用所有格代词10主格与宾格、人称与物主、人称与反身、各种不定代词从属关联词7指代一致6 形容词、副词10 原级、比较级、最高级冠词7 不定冠词、定冠词还是零冠词主谓一致0 介词9 基本用法、固定搭配逻辑一致6 数词 1 基数词与序数词there be句型与特殊句式词性误用7形容词与副词、形容词与名词、名词与动词通过上表我们不难看出，短文改错的考点设置有以下特征：1．设题的角度有三个：词法、句法和行文逻辑。
考法3行文逻辑错误语篇出处：2019年全国卷Ⅱ语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：职业1.Mr and Mrs Zhang all teach in our school.________________________________________________________________答案：all→both考查代词。
上文提到两个人，用both作同位语。
all指代三者或者三者以上。
2．My first one job was to help others take care of little children.________________________________________________________________答案：去掉one考查代词。
my first job “我的第一份工作”，one多余。
3．My parents have done a lot for me, and I think I should do something special to express my thanks to him.________________________________________________________________答案：him→them考查代词。
此处指代上文提到的My parents，用them代替。
4．He spoke in such a loud voice that he wanted to make him heard clearly.________________________________________________________________ 答案：him→himself考查代词。
当主语和宾语指代同一个人时，用反身代词作宾语。
5.I'm writing to tell you something about your opinion on water saving.________________________________________________________________ 答案：your→my考查代词。
短文改错（二）1、假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。
文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。
每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线( \ )划掉。
修改:在错词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Nowadays, the computer technology develops very fast that the Internet has become more and more popular. Some students regarded it as a great helper. Because there has a lot of information on line, so you can surf the Internet for any information you need in a short time without working hard in the library. This is also very convenient to talk with others by using the Internet. Moreover, other students think that there is some information on line which is not good for students. In addition, spend too much time playing games will not only have a bad effect on their studies but also do harm for health. Therefore, we should make properly use of the Internet. It is of great important to separate good plants from wild weeds.2、假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。
专题二短文改错[做考题·明考情]A(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)When I was little, Friday's night was our family game night. After supper, we would play card games of all sort in the sitting room. As the kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked to watching them, my parents would not to let me. They would say to us that playing card games would help my brain. Still I unwilling to play the games for them sometimes. I didn't realize how right my parents are until I entered high school. The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life.答案：第一句：Friday's→Friday第二句：sort→sorts第三句：the→a; watching→watch; 去掉not后的to第四句：us→me第五句：I后加was; for→with第六句：are→were第七句：where→whenB(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)It was Monday morning, and the writing class had just begin. Everyone was silent, wait to see who would be called upon to read his and her paragraph aloud. Some of us were confident and eager take part in the class activity; others were nervous and anxious. I had done myself homework, but I was shy. I was afraid that to speak in front of a larger group of people. At that moment, I remembered that my father once said，“The classroom is a place for learning and that include learning from te xtbooks, and mistake as well.” Immediate, I raised my hand.答案：第一句：begin→begun第二句：wait→waiting; and→or第三句：eager后加to第四句：myself→my/the第五句：去掉that; larger→large第六句：include→includes; mistake→mistakes第七句：Immediate→Immediately“三表”析清短文改错一、命题视角原则表——知考什么(“频次”中的数字为2016～2018年全国卷9套试题的考查题量累计)1．设题的角度有三个：词法、句法和行文逻辑。
从这三个角度考查考生在语篇中综合运用语言知识的准确性。
2．词法的考查频次最多的为动词，其次是代词、形容词和副词、介词、名词、冠词、词性误用等。
3．句法的考查频次以并列连词和从属关联词为主。
4．行文逻辑的考查主要有时态一致、指代一致和逻辑一致，考查频次差不多。
考点的这些设置特征为我们答题提供了重要的信息：一要注意动词的形态变化；二要看人称代词的一致性和关联词的正确性；三要根据在句中的功能来确定词性：名词(常作主语、宾语)、形容词(常作表语、定语)和副词(常作状语)；四要看全文的时态、指代、逻辑是否一致。
二、解题意识原则表——有何规律[知考点·通技法][典例](2018·全国卷Ⅰ)During my last winter holiday, I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents. I find a big change there. The first time I went there, they were living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and another animals. Last winter when I went here again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken. They also had a small pond which they raised fish. My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish. I felt happily that their life had improved. At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return for every two years, but he agreed.[解题示范]第一步：从语篇入手，理解大意，着眼时态和语态。
根据第一句中的时间状语During my last winter holiday和下文内容可知，本文讲述的是作者去年寒假看望爷爷奶奶的事，因此整体时态为过去时，故第二句中的时态应用一般过去时，find→found。
第二步：从句子入手，逐句分析，推敲语法。
注意几乎每年都考查的动词、名词、形容词、冠词和介词类错误，同时注意其他语法类错误。
第一句中，go to the countryside“去乡下”为固定用法，故countryside前应加the；第三句，another“又一，再一”后跟可数名词单数，可数名词复数前应用other“其他的”，故another→other；第四句，根据语境，此处指去那儿，故here→there, chicken前由dozens of修饰，名词应用复数形式，故chicken→chickens；第五句，定语从句的先行词是pond，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故which→where或which前加in；第六句，by为介词，后跟动词时要用动名词形式，故sell→selling；第七句，felt为系动词，后跟形容词作表语，故happily→happy；第八句，every two years为习惯用法，意为“每两年”，其前不用加介词，故去掉for。
第三步：从行文逻辑入手，兼顾上下，审查连代。
通过前两步仍有一处没能找出，这时要重读短文，从上下文逻辑关系进行排查，放眼全篇去思考。
第八句，根据前后语境可知，he agreed与上文之间为逻辑上的顺承关系，故but→and。
[课堂应用体验]A(2018·洛阳联考)When I was in primary school, I watched a movie about global warming.See the images of ice melting and the polar bears habitat being destroyed made me disappointed.I begin to realize it was important to do what we can save the environment.I asked my mom to buy a blue recycling bin.And she immediate agreed to get it.Besides, she got for me a black one for trash.I now have a recycling bin for waste papers and plastic bottles in my room.I may be just one person, so I feel like I am making the big difference.答案：第二句：See→Seeing; bears→bears'第三句：begin→began; save前加to第五句：immediate→immediately; it→one第六句：去掉第一个for第七句：papers→paper第八句：so→but/yet; the→aB(2018·湖北四市七校联考)The sun was just slowly come up over the mountains today as I took my dogs for its morning walk. I smiled as I watched the clouds gradually turn to white and gold. The air was cool and I wore a big smile in my face. Even though there weren't leaf on the trees, but I could still hear birds singing songs of spring. Even my dogs seemed to notice the different in the air. They were playing instead of just do their morning business in the grass. The particular golden sun seemed to make it a beautiful day. As I headed back, I realize something. The beauty of day didn't come from the warmth of the sun. It came from the warmth within my own heart and soul.答案：第一句：come→coming; its→their第三句：in→on第四句：leaf→leaves; but→yet或去掉but第五句：different→difference(s)第六句：do→doing第七句：particular→particularly第八句：realize→realized第九句：day前加the。
