经贸英语词汇vocabulary

经贸英语专业词汇Unit 1存款deposit money 储蓄账户savings account 储蓄债券savings bond 商业领域line of business 分销distributing goods 高品质商品high quality goods 停止运营suspend operations 减少购买curtail their buying 商业瘫痪business paralysis Unit 2制造业manufacturing business 有形商品tangible goods 服务业service business 财务管控financial controls 营销战略marketing strategies 产品设计product design 研发行为research and development 竞争环境competitive environment 财政政策fiscal policy 生产线production line 资源配置allocation of resources 收入分配distribution of income 微观经济环境microeconomic environment 宏观经济环境macroeconomic environment财政年度current fiscal year 公共支出和税收public expenditure and taxation货币政策monetary policy 利息率rate of interest 信贷的可获性availability of credit 汇率政策exchange rate policy 政府干预government intervention外汇市场foreign exchange markets 经常项目和资本项目the current and capital accounts’收支平衡表the balance of payments 国内货币政策domestic monetary policy利率水平interest rate levels 国际贸易政策international trade policy出口补贴subsidies for exports 进口关税tariffs （duties) on imports 进口配额import quotas保护主义措施protectionist measures 供给经济政策supply-side policy国有资产的私有化privatization of state assets 市场经济the market economy工资支付水平wage settlement 紧急措施emergency measures 培训项目training programs 就业政策employment policy 刺激总需求stimulation of aggregate demandUnit 3制成品manufactured goods 占…比例account for 工业材料industrial materials 原材料raw materials 半成品semi-manufactured items 资本品capital goods 贸易伙伴trading partner 贸易差额the balance of tradeUnit 4限制贸易restrict trade 自给自足self-sufficiency 资本设备capital equipment 中间产品intermediate products 国内市场domestic markets 外汇foreign exchange初级外向型primary outward—looking stage 消费制成品manufactured consumer goods进口替代型的工业化import—substituting industrialization 寻求海外市场seek markets abroad满足国内需求satisfied domestic demandUnit 5头版front page 直接的新闻报道straight news article 新闻特写feature news article 后续报道follow—up news article 导语the lead paragraph 倒金字塔形inverted pyramid form农产品和工业品交易价格farm and commodity exchange prices 分类广告classified ads Unit 7失业处于历史高点unemployment at record highs 泡沫经济bubble economy焦虑指数anxiety index 公司改组corporate restructuringUnit 8品牌名称brand name 品牌象征brand symbol 注册商标registered trademarks 自有品牌private brands 营销优势marketing advantage 不知名品牌lesser—known brand 有形和无形标志tangible and intangible attributes 家族品牌family branding控制市场dominated the market 获得全部的专有权achieve complete exclusivity国际协议international agreements 灰色市场“gray market” goodsUnit 9达到白热化reached fever pitch 市场主导market domination 公平竞争fair competition 贴牌产品Own-Label Products 企业巨头the corporate heavyweights 品牌忠诚brand loyalty 超市连锁店supermarket chain 账面价值the book value 品牌延伸brand stretching 家喻户晓的名字the household names 提升品牌知名度increase brand—awareness潜意识的广告subliminal advertising 盗版the pirate brands 市场饱和market saturation 建议零售价the recommended retail price 产品扩散product proliferation反消费者利益保护的运动anti-consumerism movement 产品拥挤product clutterUnit 10有竞争性的价格competitive pricing 市场研究机构market—research firm合资企业via joint ventures 收购mergers and acquisitions 国有企业state—owned enterprises 上市公司listed Chinese companies 售后服务after—sales service 白色家电white goods 宣传预算promotion budget 专业店a specialty shop 集体企业a collective enterprise分销渠道distribution channelsUnit 11广告业advertising industry 广告经费advertising expenditures 潜在客户potential customers 销售促进sales promotion 机构广告institutional advertising 行业协会trade association户外广告牌outdoor billboards 单体店one-unit department store 杂货铺variety store观众收视率audience ratings 大众媒介mass media 经销店branch outletsUnit 12产品系列line of goodsUnit 13保险公司insurance agencies 营销调研marketing research 产品策划product planning商业交易business transactions 非营利机构nonprofit organizationsUnit 15购买动机buying motives 冲动行为act on impulse 店面形象store image商品类别assortment of merchandiseUnit 16销售技巧selling skills 求职apply for a job 自由的企业制度free enterprise system折扣店a discount store 创造就业机会create employment 充分就业full employment创造额外的购买力creates additional purchasing power保持高水准生活maintaining the high standard of living。

汉语 english国民经济、对外经济贸易 national economy, foreign economic relations and trade20年基本实现现代化basically achieve modernization in 20 years八五划划the 8th five-year plan for national economic and social development百分点 percentage points保持发展后劲 bring about a sustainable development; sustain momentum of development保持双边贸易的平衡 balance the two-way trade保税区 bonded area; free trade area标书 bidding document财政, 税收, 信贷，利率, 汇率 public financing, taxation, credit, interest rate, exchange rate财政赤字(盈余 ) budget deficit(surplus)财政收入 state revenue菜篮子工程 shipping basket project产业政策 industrial policy出资方式 means of contributing investment创汇型企业 foreign exchange-earning enterprise粗放/集约经营 extensive/intensive operation存款/贷款余额 the balance of deposits/loans导致价格持续增长的一个重要因素在于物价的逐步放开及价格结构调整。

an important factor (contributing to/resulting in) substantial price hikes lies in the gradual lifting of prices control and the structural adjustment of prices.第一、二、三产业 primary, secondary and tertiary industries 发挥技术窗口管理窗口和人才窗口的作用 serve as a medium for introducing advanced technologies, managerial expertise andqualified professionals from outside.风险投资 venture investment/capital高附加值的深加工 down-stream processing with high added-value格局初步形成 pattern has taken initial shape.工农业总产值 gross output value of industry and agriculture 公开招标 call for bid; tenders供不应求 short supply供大于求 oversupply购买力平价法 purchasing power parity固定资产投资 investment in fixed assets关系民生的产品products vital to the people´s livelihood规范价格秩序 standardize the price order国产化 percentage of home-made parts国家统配物资 materials allocated by state国家指令性计划 state mandatory planning国民经济的支柱 mainstay of the national economy国民生产总值 gnp (gross domestic product)国民收入 national income国内配套资金 domestic funds国内生产总值 gdp (gross domestic product)合营期限 contract term of a joint venture合作方式 approaches to cooperation宏观调控 macro-economic control火炬计划 torch plan货币发放 the issue of currency积极引进外来资金、技术、人才和管理经验actively introduce capital, technology, competent professionals and managerial expertise form outside基础地位 leading position基础设施 infrastructure计划经济 planned economy技术、智力、资本密集型technology, knowledge or capital intensive技术入股 technology appraised as capital stock技术转让 technology transfer加大改革力度 intensify reforms减免税收 tax reduction and exemption简化流通环节，增加随机检查simplify circulation and add more random checks建立市场经济、法制、民主监督和廉政"三个机制" establish operational mechanisms of market economy, rule by law, democratic supervision and incorruptible government 降低过热的期货市场，恢复金融秩序cool down the over-heated future market and restore financial order交钥匙工程 turn-key project紧缩银根 tighten the money supply经济杠杆 economic levers经济过热 overheated economy经济实力 economic capabilities经济指标 economic indicators竟标 competitive bidding开标 bid opening看好经济增长 think highly of economic growth科研成果产业化 industrialization of research findings可行性研究 feasibility study库存积压 overstocked products跨国公司 transnational coorporation劳动密集型 labor intensive理顺企业的产权关系rationalize the property rightsrelationships of enterprises良性循环 positive cycle龙头 pacemaker; leading role贸易伙伴 trade partner贸易顺差 trade surplus门类齐全 covering extensive fields内联企业 inland associated enterprises拍卖 auction配套措施 supporting measures配套改革 coordinated reforms配套工程 auxiliary project批量生产 mass production片面追求发展速度 seek an unduly high growth rate平等互利，互通有无 equality and mutual benefit, and trading of needed goods评标 bid proposal evaluation瓶颈 bottleneck企业“工效挂钩” link total payroll with the performance of an enterprise人均国内生产总值 gdp per capita三角债 chain debts三来一补(来料加工,来件装配,来样加工) processing and compensation trades(processing with materials or given samples, assembling supplied components)三通一平（水通、电通、路通、施工场地平） three connections and one leveling assuring that a construction site is connected to water and electric power supplies and roads, and that the ground is leveled before a project is begun.三资企业(中外合资合作、外商独资经营) three kinds of enterprises with foreign investment: sino-foreign joint venture,contractual joint venture上不封顶，下不保底 set no ceiling limit and give no minimum guarantee社会零售物价总指数 general retail price index社会商品零售总额 total volume of retail sales社会效益 social effect/returns社会总产值 total product of society升级换代 upgrading and updating生产力 productive forces生产资料 capital goods生意兴隆/冷淡 business is booming/sluggish实际利用外资 foreign investment in actual use实现产业结构、生态环境和人口素质"三个优化" optimize industrial structure, ecological environment and the quality of population实现持续、稳定、协调的发展bring about sustained, stable and coordinated development实行全方位开放 practice multi-directional opening市场调节 market regulation市场机制开始发挥调节作用。

招牌词汇Admisson Free 免费入场All Sold Out Today 今日售完Beware of Fire 小心火烛Beware of Pick Pockets 谨防扒手Closed 打烊Caution 注意Danger 危险Emergency Exit 紧急出口Entrance 入口Exit 出口For Sale 出售Gentlemen 男用卫生间Hands off 请勿动手Information 咨询处Keep off 禁止入内Ladies 女用卫生间Lavatory 厕所No Left Turn 禁止左转No Trepassing 非公莫入No Smoking 禁止吸烟Nor for Sale 非卖品No Parking 禁止停车Off Limits 禁止入内One Way 单行道Parking Lot 停车场Please Remove Y our Hats 请脱帽Quiet 肃静Railway Crossing 铁路道口Safety Island 安全岛Shoes Off 禁止穿鞋Sold 已售出Toll Road 收费公路Trash 垃圾箱Under Construction 正在施工Wet Paint 油漆未干Watch Your Step 注意脚下No Thoroughfare 禁止通行求职英语考试常出现的常识与实事英语Communism 共产主义U.N Charter 联合国宪章U.N. member state 联合国成员国（U.N.）General Assembly 联合国大会Secretary General 秘书长Security Council 安理会Diplomacy 外交Racial discrimination 种族歧视Liberalism 自由主义Socialism 社会主义Public opinion 舆论Export 出口Import 进口Export of industrial plant 出口成套设备Foreign currency 外汇Overseas markets 海外市场Customs，duties，tariffs 关税Constitution of Japan 日本宪法Diet 国会House of Representatives 众议院Senate 参议院Dietman 国会议员Extraordinary diet session 临时国会Production 生产Reproduction 再生产Oil crisis 石油危机Oil producing nations 产油国Enterprise 企业Big business 大企业Minor enterprise prises 中小型企业Economic policy 经济政策Amalgamation 企业合并Antimonopoly 反垄断Fair trade commission 公平交易委员会Mass production 大规模生产Raw materials 原材料International trade 国际贸易Diet approval 国会表决通过Majority 多数Dissolution 解散Superpower 超级大国Atomic energy 原子能Nuclear weapons 核武器Nuclear war 核战争Nuclear power 有核国家Nuclear Non-proliferation Trdaty核不扩散条约Disarmament committee 裁军委员会Territorial air 领空Violation of territorial waters 侵犯领海Hawl 捕鱼量Candidacy 候选资格V ote 投票Liberal-democratic party 自民党Opposition party 在野党，反对党Radical 激进的Conservative 保守的Independent 无党派的Cabinet 内阁Prime 总理Minister 大臣Minister ruling party 部长Governing party 执政党经济金融Extraterritoriality 治外法权Negotiation 谈判Diplomat 外交官Ambassador 大使Japan-U.S. security treaty日本安全保障条约Japan-Soviet Talks 日苏会谈Joint Japan-China statement中日联合声明Japan-Russia fishery talks 日俄渔业会谈free trade swap arrangement自由贸易易货协定Capitalism 资本主义Import liberalization 进口自由Protectionism international monetary crisis贸易保护主义国际货币危机Floating exchange rate 浮动汇率Foreign exchange 外汇Dollar devaluation 美元贬值Yen revaluation 日元升值Economic diplomacy 经济外交Speculation 投机Tight money policy 金融紧缩政策Import surcharge 进口附加税Foreign reserve 外汇储备Gross national product 国民生产总值National income 国民所得Rate of economic 经济增长率High growth 高速增长depression 萧条consumption 消费commodity price 物价economic white paper 经济白皮书living standards 生活水平in the black 有盈余in the red 亏空，负债easy money policy 放松信贷政策merchandise cost accounting商品成本核算Wholesaler 批发商Manufacturer 制造商Distributor 销售商Installment 分期付款Markup 涨价Discount 折扣Demand 需求Supply 供给Contract 合同Collateral 担保Fixed deposit 定期存款Interest 利息Check 支票Budget 预算Revenue 收入Rice price council 稻米价格审议会Income tax 所得税Direct tax 直接税Public works 公共事业Finance 金融Circulate 流通Official rate 官方汇率Bill 票据Public debt 公债National debt 国债Central bank 中央银行Investment 投资Stock 股票Profit 利润Life insurance 人寿保险Accident insurance 意外保险Fire insurance 火灾保险Listed brand 上市品牌Growth stock 上涨股票Letter of credit 信用证Liabilities 负债Stockholder 股东Yield 利润Cash 现金社会一般Unemployment 失业Discharge，fire，dismiss 解雇Retiring age 退休年龄Seniority order wage system 论资排辈式的工资制度Labour standards law 劳动基准法Employment agency 职业介绍所Five-day work a week 双休制Spring labour offensive 春季劳工运动Law abiding struggle 守法斗争Criminal 罪犯Suspicion 嫌疑Investigate 调查Arrest 逮捕Record，criminal 犯罪前科Detective 侦探Thief 盗贼Witness 目击者Confess 坦白Kidnap 绑架Hijack 劫持Ransom 赎金Suicide 自杀On-the-spot 在现场Driver’s license 驾驶执照加拿大（Canada）哈利法克斯港埠公司(Halifax PortCorporation)哈密尔顿港（Port of Hamilton）蒙特利尔港（Port of Montreal）圣约翰港埠公司(Saint John Port Corporation)多伦多港（Port of Toronto）锡得尼港（Port of Sydney-Canada）埃尔波尼港（Port Alberni）贝塞德港（Port of Bayside）贝拉顿港（Port of Belledune）彻奇尔港（Port of Churchill）达尔豪西港（Port of Dalhousie）鲁珀特港埠公司(Prince Rupet Port Corporation)魁北克港（Port of Québec）墨西哥（Mexico)维拉克鲁斯港（Puerto de Veracruz）马萨特兰港（Port of Mazatlan）美国（United States）安那柯的斯港（Port of Anacortes）巴尔的摩港（Port of Baltimore）贝灵哈姆港（Port of Bellingham, Wa.）查尔斯顿港（Port of Charleston）克珀斯-克里斯堤港（Port of Corpus Christi）卡拉玛港（Port of Kalama）格雷斯港（Port of Grays Harbor）休斯顿港（Autoridad Portuaria de Houston）维特曼港（Port of Whitman）杰克森维尔港（Port of Jacksonville）洛杉矶港（Port of Los Angeles）莫比尔港（Port of Mobile）新罕布什尔港（New Hampshire PortAutority）塔科马港（Port of Tacoma）威尔明顿港（Port of Willmington）奥克兰港（Port of Oakland）斯托克顿港（Port of Stockton）圣路易斯港（St. Louis Port Authority）亚瑟港（Port of Port Arthur）波特兰港（Port of Portland）圣保罗港（The Saint Paul Port Authority）圣地亚哥港（Port of San Diego）西雅图港（Port of Seattle）纽约-新泽西港（Port Authority of New York and New Jersey）费城-卡姆登港（Port of Philadelphia and Camden）匹兹堡港管理委员会（Port of Pittsburg Commission）印第安那港口管理委员会(Indiana Port Commission) 德拉华河港口管理局(Delaware River Port Authority)北卡罗来纳港（North Carolina State Ports Authority）安哥拉（Angola）罗安达港（Port of Luanda）南非（South Africa）德班港（Port of Durban）理查德湾港（Port of Richards Bay）塞丹哈港（Port of Saldanha）开普敦港（Port of Capetown）伊丽莎白港（Port of Port Elizabeth）莫斯湾港（Port of Mossel Bay）东伦敦港（Port of East London）阿根廷（Argentina）阿根廷港口（Ports of Argentina）布兰卡港（Port of Bahia Blanca）里伐达维亚港（Comodoro Rivadavia）马德普拉塔港（Mar del Plata Port）巴拿马（Panama）巴拿马港口国家管理局（National Port Authority of Panama）巴西（Brazil）伊塔日阿伊港（Port of Itajai）达.马德拉港（Port of Ponta da Madeira）里奥格兰特港（Port of Rio Grande）萨尔瓦多港（Port of Salvador）圣多斯港（Port of Santos）维多利亚港（Port of Vitoria）巴巴多斯（Barbados)巴巴多斯港（Port of Barbados）哥伦比亚（Colombia）布韦那文图拉港（Port of Buenaventura）巴兰基利亚港（Port of Barranquilla）埃尔鲍斯克海港（El Bosque Sea Terminal）萨尔瓦多（El Salvador)阿卡胡特拉港（Port of Acajutla）库图科港（Port of Cutuco）秘鲁（Peru）秘鲁港口国有公司（National Port Enterprise of Peru）智利（Chile）瓦尔帕莱索港（Port of Valparaiso）阿里卡港（Port of Arica）智利港口（Ports of Chile）比利时（Belgium）安特卫普港（Port of Antwerp）根特港（Port of Ghent）泽不腊赫港（Port of Zeebrugge）克罗地亚（Croatia）克罗地亚港口（Ports of Croatia）丹麦（Denmark）奥尔堡港（Port of Aalborg）奥尔胡斯港（Port of Aarhus）奥本罗港（Port of Aabenraa）芬兰（Finland）上海港（Port of ShangHai）芬兰港口（Finnish Ports）赫尔辛基港（Port of Helsinki）盖密港（Port of Kemi）科科拉港（Port of Kokkola）科特卡港（Port of Kotka）奥鲁港（Port of Oulu）波里港（Port of Pori）彼太萨立港（Port of Pietsarsaari）腊黑港（Port of Raahe）托尔尼奥港（Port of Tornio）哈米纳港（Port of Hamina）法国（France）波尔多港（Port of Bordeaux）布勒斯特港（Port of Brest）勒阿弗尔港（Port of Le Havre）德国（Germany）汉堡港（Port of Hamburg）直布罗陀（Gibraltar）直布罗陀港（Port of Gibraltar）希腊（Greece）塞色勒狄克港（Port of Thessaloniki）冰岛（Iceland）雷克亚未克港（Port of Reykjavik）意大利（Italy）热那亚港（Port of Geneva）斯培西亚港（Port of La Spezia）那不勒斯港（Port of Napoli）拉文纳港（Port of Ravenna）萨累诺港（Port of Salerno）萨沃纳港（Port of Savona）奥古斯塔港（Port of Augusta）拉脱维亚（Latvia）拉脱维亚港口（Ports of Latvia）荷兰（Netherlands）鹿特丹港（Port of Rotterdam）挪威（Norway）奥斯陆港（Port of Oslo）苏拉港（Port of Sola）波兰（Poland）格但斯克港（Port of Gdansk）斯文诺斯切港（Port of Swinoujscie）葡萄牙（Portugal）锡土巴尔港（Port of Setúbal）锡尼什港（Port of Sines）罗马尼亚（Romania）康斯坦萨港（Port of Constantza）俄罗斯（Rusia）诺沃罗西斯克港（Port of Novorossiysk）圣彼得堡港（Saint Petersburg Port Authority）乌斯特-鲁戈港（Port of Ust-Luga）符拉迪敖斯托克港（Port of Vladivostok,即海参威港）西班牙（Spain）巴塞罗那港（Port of Barcelona）卡塔赫纳港（Port of Cartagena）桑坦德港（Port of Santander）毕尔巴鄂港（Port of Bilbao）拉.科鲁纳港（Port of La Coruña）塔腊戈纳港（Port of Tarragona）维利亚加西亚.德.阿罗萨港（Port of Vilagarcia deArosa）卡的斯港（Port of Cadiz）拉斯柏尔马斯港（Port of Las Palmas）巴伦西亚港（Port of Valencia）马拉加港（Port of Malaga）阿尔梅里亚港（Ports of Almeria and Motril）休达港（Port of Ceuta）瑞典（Sweden）瑞典港口（Swedish Ports）法尔肯贝里港（Port of Falkenberg）哥德堡港（Port of Goteborg）哈尔姆斯塔德港（Port of Halmstad）赫纳散德港（Port of Harnsosand）赫尔辛堡港（Port of Helsingborg）马尔默港（Port of Malmoe）诺尔彻平港（Port of Norrkopings）塞德特里耶港（Port of Sodertalje）瓦尔汉姆港（Port de Wallhamn）英国（United Kingdom）英吉利港口（Associated British Ports）埃尔和特隆港（Ayr and Troon）巴罗港（Barrow）巴里港（Barry）加的夫港（Cardiff）科尔切斯特港（Colchester）弗利特伍德港（Fleetwood）加斯顿港（Garston）古耳港（Goole）格里姆斯比港（Grimsby）赫尔港（Hull）伊明翰港（Immingham）金斯林港（King´s Lynn）洛斯托夫特港（Lowestoft）纽波特港（Newport）伦敦港口管理局（Port of London Authority）普列茅斯港（Plymouth）锡洛斯港（Silloth）南安普顿港（Southampton）斯温西港（Swansea）泰尔柏特港（Talbot）廷默思港（Teignmouth）惠特比港（Whitby）贝尔法斯特港（Port of Belfast）中国（China）上海港（Port of ShangHai）连云港港（Port of Lianyungang）宁波港（Port of NingBo）大连港（Port of Dalian）青岛港（Port of QingDao）香港港口（Port of Hong Kong）高雄港（Port of kaohsiung）花莲港（Port of Hualien）基隆港（Port of Keelung）台中港（Port of Taichung）韩国（Korea）釜山港（Port of Busan）仁川港（Port of Inchon）木蒲港（Port of Mokpo）日本（Japan）神户港（Port of Kobe）名古屋港（Port of Nagoya）横滨港（The Port of Yokohama）川崎港（Port of Kawasaki）梗津港（Port of Kisarazu）北九州港（Port of Kitakyushu）酒田港（Port of Sakata）千叶港（Port of Chiba）科威特（Kuwait）科威特港（Kuwait Ports Public Authority）马来西亚（Malaysia）民都鲁港（Bintulu Port Authority）柔佛港（Johore Port Authority）昆坦港（Kuantan Port Authority）古晋港（Kuching Port Authority）马六甲港（Malacca Port Authority）阿联酋（United Arab Emirates）迪拜港（Port of Dubai）菲律宾（Philippines）马尼拉港（Manila）印度（India）加尔各答港（Port of Calcutta）贾瓦哈拉港（Port of Jawaharlal）孟买港（Port of Mumbai）印度尼西亚（Indonesia）丹绒布绿港（Port of Tanjung Priok）以色列（Israel）以色列港（Israel Ports and Railways Authority）巴基斯坦（Pakistan）卡拉奇港（Port of Karachi）Singapoore（新加坡）新加坡港（Port of Singapore Authority）经贸常用词缩写表(A)A.A.R = against all risks 担保全险,一切险A.B.No. = Accepted Bill Number 进口到单编号A/C = Account 账号AC. = Acceptance 承兑acc = acceptance,accepted 承兑,承诺a/c.A/C = account 帐,帐户ackmt = acknowledgement 承认,收条[/color]a/d = after date 出票后限期付款(票据) ad.advt. = advertisement 广告adv. = advice 通知(书)ad val. = Ad valorem(according to value) 从价税A.F.B. = Air Freight Bill 航空提单Agt. = Agent 代理商AI = first class 一级AM = Amendment 修改书A.M.T. = Air Mail Transfer 信汇Amt. = Amount 额,金额A.N. = arrival notice 到货通知A.P. = account payable 应付账款A/P = Authority to Purchase 委托购买a.p. = additional premiun 附加保险费A.R. = Account Receivable 应收款Art. = Article 条款,项A/S = account sales 销货清单a/s = after sight 见票后限期付款asstd. = Assorted 各色俱备的att,.attn. = attention 注意av.,a/v = average 平均,海损a/v = a vista (at sight) 见票即付经贸常用词缩写(B)B/-,b/- = bale,bag 包,装bal.,balce. = balance 余额bbl. = barrel 桶,樽B/C = bill for collection 托收票据B.D. = Bills discounted 贴现票据B/D = bank draft 银行汇票b/d = brought down 承前页B’dle,bdl = bundle 束,把B/E = bill of exchange 汇票B/F = brought forward 承前页bg = bag 袋BIS = Bank for International Settlement 国际清算银行BK = Bank 银行Bkg. = Banking 银行业务B/L = Bill of Lading 提单B/N = bank note 银行纸币B.O. = Branch Office 分支行b/o = brought over 承前bot. = bottle 瓶B/P = bill purchased 买入票据,出口押汇B/P = bills payable 应付票据B/R = bills receivable 应收票据Brl.,barl. = barrel 桶,樽bx = box 箱,盒经贸常用词缩写(C)C/- = case,currency,coupon 箱,通货,息票c. =cent,centimes,centigrade 分(美),分(法),百分度(寒暑表)C.A. = Credit Advice 收款报单C.A.D. = cash against documents on arrival of good货到后凭单付款c.a.d. = cash against documents 凭单证付现金c.a.f.= cost and freight 成本加运费cat. = catalogue 货品目录C.B. = clean bill 光票C/B = Clean Bill 光票C.B.D. = Cash before delivery 付现金后交货c.c. = carbon copy,cubic centimeter 副本,立方公分C/C,C.C = Chamber of Commerce 商会pC/D = cash against document 凭单据付款C.D. = Collection and Delivery 托交Cert.= Certificate 证明书c/f = carried forward 过次页C&F = cost and freight 运费在内价C.F.S. = container freight station 集装箱集散场c.f.& i. = Cost freight and insurance 运费保险费在内价C.H. = Clearing House 票据交换所C.I. = Certificate of Insurance 保险单C&I = Cost and Insurance 货价及保险c.i.a. = cash in advance 预付现金cif,c.i.f. = cost,insurance and freight 运费保险费在内价c.i.f.&c.= cost,insurance,freight and commission 运费,保险费,利息在内价C.I.F.E. = Cost,Insurance,Freight and Exchange 运费,保险费,汇票在内价C.I.F.I. = Cost,Insurance,Freight and Interest 运费,保险费,利息在内价C.I.F.C.I.=Cost,Insurance,Freight,Commission and Interest 运费,保险费,佣金,利息在内价CK = Check 支票CL = collection 托收CM = Commission 佣金C/N.C.N. = credit note,covering note,consignment note 货方通知,保险承保单,发货通知书C.O. = certificate of origin 产地证明书c/o = care of carried over 烦转,过次页Co. = company 公司c.o.d.= cash on delivery 货到付款Con.Inv. = Concular Invoice 领事发票corp. = corporation 法人,公司C/P = charter party 租船契约cr. = credit 货方,债权人cs = case 箱csk.,ck = cask 樽C.W.O.= cash with order 现金订货,下定付款cwt. = hundred weight 衡量名C.Y. = container yard 集装箱集散场经贸常用词缩写(D)、(E)DD/A =documents against acceptance, 承兑后交付单= documents for acceptance,= documents attached, 备承兑单据= deposit account 存款账号d/a = days after acceptance 承兑后……日付款D.A. = Debit advice 付款报单D/D,D. = Demand draft,documentary draft 即期汇票,跟单汇票d/d = day’s date (days after date) 出票后……日付款d.f.,d.fet. = dead freight 空载运费(船) Disc. = Discount 贴现;折扣DLT = Day Letter Telegram 书信电D/N = debit note 借方通知D/O = delivery order 卸货通知书D/P = documents against payment 付款后交付单据Dr. = debit debter 借方,债务人d/s. = days’ sight 见票后……日付款DV = Dividends 股利Eea. = each 每,各e.e.E.E. = error excepted 错误除外E/B = Export-Import Bank p 进出口银行(美国)enc.,encl.= enclosure 附件E.& O.E. = errors and omissions excepted 错误或遗漏不在此限ETA = estimated time of arrival 预定到达日期ex. = example,executive,exchange,extract 例子,执行官,外汇交换,摘要Exp. = Export 出口经贸常用词缩写(F)f.a.q.=fair average quality 良好平均品质f.a.s.=free alongside ship 船边交货价F.B.E.=foreign bill of exchange 国外汇票f.c.l.=full container load 整个集装箱装满f.d.free discharge 卸货船方不负责F.& D.=Freight and Demurrage 运费及延装费f.i.=free in 装货船方步负责f.i.o.=free in and out 装卸货船方均不负责f.i.o.=free in out stowed and trimming 装卸堆储平仓船方均不负责f.o.=free out 卸货船方不负责f.o.,f/o=firm offer 规定时限的报价f.o.b.=free on board 船上交货价f.o.c.=free of charge免费F.O.I.=free of Interest 免息f.o.r.=free on rail,free on road 火车上交货价f.o.s.=free on steamer 轮船上交货价f.o.t.=free on truck 卡车上交货价f.p.a.=free of particular average 单独海损不保fr.f=franc,from,free 法郎,从,自由FX=Foreign Exchange 外汇经贸常用词缩写(G)、(H)Gg=good,goods,gramme 佳,货物,一克G/A=general average 共同海损GATT=General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 关税贸易总协定gm.=gramme 一克g.m.b.=good merchantable brand品质良好适合买卖之货品g.m.q.=good merchantable quality良好可售品质G/N=Guarantee of Notes 承诺保证g.s.w.=gross shipping weight 运输总重量gr.wt.=gross weight 毛重Hh.=hour,harbour,height 时,港,高度H.O.=Head Office 总公司h.p.=horse power 马力hr.=hour 时IIATA=International Air Transport Association 国际航空运输协会IBRD=International Bank Reconstruction and Development 国际复兴开发银行I/C=Inward Collection 进口托收ICC=International Chamber of Commerce 国际商会IMO=International Money Orders 国际汇票Imp=Import 进口IN=Interest 利息IMF=International Monetary Fund 国际货币基金inst.=instant(this month) 本月int.=interest 利息Inv.=Invoice 发票IOU=I owe you 借据I/P=Insurance Policy 保险单I/R=Inward Remittance 汇入汇款ISIC=International Standard Industrial Classification 国际行业标准分类it.=item 项目Kk.=karat(carat) 卡拉(纯金含有度)kg.=keg,kilogramme笑,公斤K.W.=Kilo Watt 千瓦LL/A=Letter of Authorization 授权书lbs.=pounds 磅L/C=Letter of Credit 信用证L/H=General Letter of Hypothecation 质押权利总股定书L/I=Letter of Indemnity赔偿保证书L/G=Letter of Guarantee 保证函l.t.=long ton 长吨(2,240磅)L/T=Letter Telegram 书信电报Ltd.=Limited 有限责任L/U=Letter of Undertaking 承诺书Mm.=mile,metre,mark,month,minute,merid ian(noon)哩,公尺,记号,月,分,中午m/d=month after date 出票后……月付款memo.=memorandum 备忘录M.I.P.=marine insurance policy 海上保险单misc.=miscellaneous杂项M/L=more or less增或减M/N=Minimum最低额MO=Money Order拨款单,汇款单,汇票m/s=months after sight见票后……月付款m.s.=mail steamer,mail transfer油船,轮船M.T.=metric ton,mail transfer公吨,信汇M/T=Mail Transfer信汇m.v.=motor vessel轮船NN.B.=Nota Bene(take notice)注意NO.=number号码n/p=non-payment拒付Nt.Wt=Net Weight净重OO.=Order定单，定货O.B/L=Order bill of lading指示式提单O.C.P.=Overland Common Point通常陆上运输可到达地点O/C=Outward Collection出口托收OD.=Overdraft透支O/d=overdraft,on demand透支，要求即付款（票据）O/No.=order number定单编号o.p.=open policy预约保单O/R=Outward Remittance汇出汇款ORT=ordinary telegram寻常电报o/s=on sale,out of stock廉售，无存货O/S=old style老式o.t.=old term旧条件oz=ounce盎斯PP/A，p/a=particular average单独海损pa=power of attorney委任状=private account私人账户p.a.=per annum(by the year)每年p.c.=per cent,petty cash百分比,零用金p.l.=partial loss分损P.&I.=Protection and Indemnity意外险P.&L.=profit and loss益损P.M.O.=postal money order邮政汇票P/N=promissory note本票P.O.B.=postal office box邮政信箱p.o.d.=payment on delivery交货时付款P.O.D.=Pay on Delivery发货付款P/O=Payment Order支付命令P/R=parcel receipt邮包收据prox.=proximo(next month)下月PS.=postscript再启pt.=pint品脱P.T.O.=please turn over请看里面PTL=private tieline service电报专线业务Qqlty=quality品质qr=quarter四分之一qty=quantity数量quotn=quotation报价单qy=quay码头Rrecd=received收讫recpt=receipt收据ref.=reference参考,关于RFWD=rain,fresh water damage雨水及淡水险remit.=remittance汇款r.m.=ready money,readymade备用金,现成的RM=Remittance汇款R.O.=remittance Order汇款委托书R.P.=reply paid,returnof post邮下或电费预付,请即会示rt.=rate率SS.A.=-Statement of Account账单s.a.=subject to approval以承认(赞成,批准)为条件S/C=sale contract售货合同S/D=sight draft即期汇票S/D=sea damage海水损害SD.=Sundries杂项SE.=Securities抵押品S/N=shipping note装运通知S.O.s.o.=shipping order,seller’s option装船通知书,卖方有权选择S/S,s/s,ss,s.s=steamship轮船s.t.=short ton短吨TT/A=telegraphic address电报挂号tgm=telegram电报T.L.O.=total loss only只担保全损(分损不赔)T.M.O.=telegraphic money order电报汇款T.R.=trust receipt信托收据T.T.=telegraphic transfer电汇TPND=theft,pilferage and nondelivery盗窃遗失条款Uult.=ultimo(last month)上月u/w=underwriter保险业者Vvoy.=voyage航次V.V.=Vice Versa反之亦然Ww.a.=with average水渍险(单独海损赔偿) war=with risk担保一切险W/B=way bill warehouse book货运单,仓库簿wgt=weight重量whf=wharf码头W/M=weight or measurement重量或容量w.p.a.=with particular average单独海损赔偿W.R.=War Risk战争险W.R.=warehouse receipt仓单wt=weight重量Xx.d.=ex dividend除息XX=good quality良好品质XXX=very good quality甚佳品质XXXX=best quality最佳品质Yyd.=yard码yr.=your,year你的，年ZZ=Zone地区，地带。

以下是一些常见的经贸英语词汇：- Economy 经济- Trade 贸易- Commerce 商业- Business 商业，生意- Market 市场- Supply and demand 供求- Profit 利润- Loss 损失- Inflation 通货膨胀- Unemployment 失业- Interest rate 利率- Exchange rate 汇率- Import 进口- Export 出口- Tariff 关税- Trade deficit 贸易逆差- Trade surplus 贸易顺差- Free trade 自由贸易- Protectionism 保护主义- Globalization 全球化- International trade 国际贸易- Economic growth 经济增长- Economic development 经济发展- Economic policy 经济政策- Fiscal policy 财政政策- Monetary policy 货币政策- Capital 资本- Investment 投资- Stock market 股票市场- Bond 债券- Entrepreneur 企业家- Corporation 公司- Partnership 合伙企业- Franchise 特许经营- Small business 小企业- Startup 创业公司- Merger and acquisition (M&A) 并购- Supply chain 供应链- Logistics 物流- Distribution 分销- Wholesale 批发- Retail 零售- E-commerce 电子商务- Digital economy 数字经济- Intellectual property (IP) 知识产权- Patent 专利- Trademark 商标- Copyright 版权- Licensing 许可证- Contract 合同- Negotiation 谈判- Bid 竞标- Auction 拍卖- Deal 交易- Invoice 发票- Payment 付款- Credit 信用- Debtor 债务人- Creditor 债权人- Bankruptcy 破产- Audit 审计- Accounting 会计- Budget 预算- Finance 金融- Venture capital (VC) 风险投资- Private equity (PE) 私募股权- Angel investor 天使投资人- Stock option 股票期权- Dividend 股息- Bonus 奖金- Salary 薪水- Wage 工资- Cost 成本- Price 价格- Profit margin 利润率-Markup 加价- Discount 折扣- Marketing 营销- Advertising 广告- Brand 品牌- Customer 顾客- Sales 销售- Market research 市场调研- Product development 产品开发- Quality control 质量控制- Packaging 包装- Distribution channel 分销渠道- Supply chain management (SCM) 供应链管理- Logistics management 物流管理- Inventory management 库存管理- Just-in-time (JIT) 准时制- Lean manufacturing 精益生产- Total quality management (TQM) 全面质量管理- Six Sigma 六西格玛- ISO 9000 国际标准化组织9000 系列标准- ERP 企业资源规划系统- CRM 客户关系管理系统- SCM 供应链管理系统- B2B 企业对企业电子商务- B2C 企业对消费者电子商务- C2C 消费者对消费者电子商务- Online payment 在线支付- Digital wallet 数字钱包- Cybersecurity 网络安全- Data protection 数据保护- Privacy 隐私- Encryption 加密- Cloud computing 云计算- Artificial intelligence (AI) 人工智能- Blockchain 区块链- Big data 大数据- Internet of Things (IoT) 物联网- 5G 第五代移动通信技术这些只是经贸英语词汇中的一部分，经贸领域非常广泛，涉及到众多专业和行业，因此还有很多其他的词汇和术语。

经贸类词汇1．“引进来”和“走出去”attract foreign investment and going global2. 优化市场结构to optimize the market structure3. 生效to go into/take effect; to become effective; to put/come into force4. 抵御风险的能力ability to withstand/ward off risks; risk-resisting ability5. 关税tariff6．采取务实/合作的态度to take/adopt a pragmatic/cooperative attitude7. 跨国公司transnational corporation; multinational8. 对外项目承包foreign project contracting9. 三资企业(中外合资企业、中外合作企业和外方独资企业)Sino-foreign joint ventures, Sino-foreign cooperative enterprises and foreign-funded enterprises/businesses10. 出口加工区export processing zone11. 外汇储备foreign exchange reserves12. 汇率机制the exchange rate mechanism13. 补偿贸易offset/compensation trade14. 纺织品贸易textile trade15. 劳务合作labor service cooperation16. 贸易额trade volume; the volume of trade17. 进出口总值the total value of imports and exports18．贸易不平衡trade imbalance19．出/入超export/import surplus; excess of exports/ imports20. 贸易顺差/逆差trade surplus/deficit; favorable/unfavorable balance of trade21. 保税区bonded zones; free trade zones22. 出现赤字/亏损to run into the red23．布雷顿森林体系Bretton Woods System24. 北美自由贸易区north American free trade area25. 常设机构standing body26. 出口创汇能力capacity to earn foreign exchange through exports27. 出口配额export quotas28．出口型经济export-oriented economy29. 次贷危机subprime mortgage crisis30. 大力发展服务贸易to energetically develop service trade31. 东盟自由贸易区ASEAN free trade area32. 互补互惠的合作关系complementary and mutual beneficial partnership33. 调整进出口结构to adjust the mix of imports and exports34. 投资意向investment proposal35. 新兴经济体emerging economies。

外贸英语词汇100Essential Vocabulary for Foreign Trade.Foreign trade, also known as international trade or overseas trade, involves the buying and selling of goods and services between countries. It is a crucial aspect of globalization and economic development. To navigate the complexities of foreign trade effectively, it's essential to have a grasp of the relevant vocabulary. Here is a comprehensive list of 100 essential vocabulary terms related to foreign trade:1. Trade Balance: The difference between the value of exports and imports in a country.2. Export: The sale of goods or services produced in one country to another country.3. Import: The purchase of goods or services produced in another country.4. Tariff: A tax levied on imported goods or services.5. Quota: A limit on the quantity of goods that can be imported or exported.6. Free Trade Agreement (FTA): An agreement between two or more countries to eliminate tariffs and quotas on traded goods.7. Customs Duty: Taxes levied on imported goods by the government.8. Trade Barrier: Measures that restrict or hinder the flow of trade between countries.9. Trade Surplus: When a country's exports exceed its imports.10. Trade Deficit: When a country's imports exceed its exports.11. World Trade Organization (WTO): An international organization that regulates and facilitates global trade.12. Incoterms: Standard trade terms used to define responsibilities, risks, and costs in international sales contracts.13. Letter of Credit (LC): A guarantee issued by a bank to a seller that payment will be made for goods or services as specified in the credit.14. Bill of Lading: A document issued by a carrier to a shipper, acknowledging receipt of goods for transportation.15. Shipping: The process of transporting goods or passengers by sea.16. Freight Forwarder: A company that organizes the shipment of goods from one place to another.17. Insurance: Coverage against potential losses, such as damage or theft of goods during transportation.18. Incoterm "FOB": Free On Board, where the seller delivers the goods on board the vessel named by the buyer.19. Incoterm "CIF": Cost, Insurance, and Freight, where the seller pays for the goods, insurance, and freight to the named destination.20. Incoterm "DAP": Delivered At Place, where theseller delivers the goods to the place named by the buyer, cleared for import.21. Trade Finance: Financial services provided to support the international trade cycle.22. Letter of Intent (LOI): A non-binding agreement indicating a party's intention to enter into a contract.23. Barter Trade: The exchange of goods or services without the use of money.24. Countertrade: Trade where the exchange of goods orservices is based on some form of reciprocal arrangement.25. Trade Facilitation: Measures to simplify and harmonize procedures for the importation, exportation, and transit of goods.26. Preferential Trade Agreement (PTA): An agreement between two or more countries to grant tariff concessions to each other's goods.27. Regional Trade Agreement (RTA): An agreement between countries in a specific geographical region to promote trade within that region.28. Trade Liberalization: The process of removing barriers to trade, such as tariffs and quotas, to allow freer flows of goods and services.29. Dumping: The sale of goods in a foreign market at prices below their normal value, often to drive out competition.30. Anti-Dumping Measures: Measures taken by a government to counteract the effects of dumping, such asthe imposition of tariffs.31. Trade Remedy: Measures taken by a government to address unfair or injurious trade practices.32. Trade War: A conflict between two or more countries, typically involving tariffs and other trade barriers.33. Supply Chain: The network of businesses, logistics, and infrastructure involved in the production anddistribution of goods and services.34. Value Chain: The series of activities that a company performs to create a product or service, from raw materials to final delivery.35. Export Processing Zone (EPZ): A designated area where goods are produced for export, usually with tax and duty exemptions.36. Free Trade Zone (FTZ): An area within a country where goods can be imported, stored, handled, and exported without paying customs duties or tariffs.37. Import Licensing: A permit issued by a government agency that allows the importation of specified goods.38. Quasi-Cash Trade: Trade where payment is made in a form other than cash, such as barter or countertrade.39. Trade Finance Instruments: Financial tools used to finance international trade transactions, such as letters of credit, guarantees, and bills of exchange.40. Tariff Quota: A limit on the quantity of goods that can be imported at a reduced tariff rate.41. Preferential Tariff: A reduced tariff rate granted to goods imported from specific countries under a trade agreement.42. Non-Tariff Barrier (NTB): Measures other thantariffs that restrict or hinder trade, such as quotas, licenses, and technical regulations.43. Trade Facilitation Agreement (TFA): An agreement under the WTO that aims to simplify and harmonize customs procedures and other aspects of international trade.44. Free-on-Board Origin (FOB Origin): A trade term where the seller delivers the goods on board the vessel at the seller's premises or another named place.45. Cost, Insurance, and Freight to Named Port (CIF Named Port): A trade term where the seller pays for the goods, insurance, and freight to the named port of destination.46. Ex-Works (EXW): A trade term where the seller makes the goods available at their premises or another named place. The buyer is responsible for all costs and risks from that point.47. Delivered Duty Paid (DDP): A trade term where theseller delivers the goods, cleared for import and ready for unloading at the named place of destination.48. Border Trade: Trade that occurs between neighboring countries, typically involving small-scale or informal transactions.49. Trade Diversion: When trade flows change due to the imposition of tariffs or other trade barriers, causing imports to shift from one country to another.50. Trade Deflection: When trade flows change due to non-tariff barriers, such as quotas or technical regulations.51. Trade Surrogate: A product or service that replaces another product or service that is unavailable due to trade restrictions or tariffs.52. Trade War Escalation: The intensification of trade conflicts between countries, typically through the imposition of additional tariffs or other trade barriers.53. Trade Balance Improvement: An increase in acountry's exports relative to its imports, resulting in a more favorable trade balance.54. Trade Competitiveness: A country's ability to export goods and services effectively in international markets.55. Trade Deficit Reduction: Measures taken by a country to decrease its trade deficit by increasing exports or decreasing imports.56. Trade Liberalization Agenda: A set of policies and measures aimed at reducing trade barriers and promoting freer trade.57. Trade Integration: The process of integrating a country's economy into the global trading system, typically through the removal of trade barriers and the adoption of international trade rules and standards.58. Trade Sanctions: Measures taken by a country to restrict trade with another country as a form of political or economic pressure.59. Trade Diversification: The strategy of spreading trade activities across multiple markets and products to reduce risks and dependence on a single market or product.60. Trade Facilitation Measures: Actions taken to simplify and harmonize customs procedures, reduce transaction costs, and improve the efficiency of trade flows.61. Trade Finance Gap: The difference between the demand for trade finance and the supply of available funds, often due to credit constraints or risk aversion.62. Trade Risk Management: The practice of identifying, assessing, and mitigating risks associated with international trade transactions.63. Trade Agreement Negotiations: The process ofdiscussing and agreeing on the terms of a trade agreement between two or more countries.64. Trade Policy Review: A periodic assessment of a country's trade policies and practices, typically conducted by the WTO or other international organizations.65. Trade Preferences: Preferential tariff rates or other trade benefits granted to specific countries or regions under a trade agreement.66. Trade Barriers Removal: The process of eliminating trade barriers, such as tariffs and quotas, to facilitate freer trade.67. Trade Conflict Resolution: Mechanisms and processes for resolving disputes and conflicts that arise in international trade.68. Trade Integration Agreements: Agreements that aim to integrate the economies of two or more countries through the elimination of trade barriers and the harmonization oftrade policies.69. Trade Promotion Activities: Measures taken by governments or private sector organizations to increase exports and attract foreign investment.70. Trade Financing Institutions: Financial institutions that provide funds for trade-related transactions,。

商务英语词汇(1)（Business English vocabulary (1)）经济学家经济学家社会主义经济社会主义经济资本主义经济资本主义经济集体经济集体经济计划经济计划经济控制经济管制经济农村经济农村经济自由经济经济混合经济混合经济政治经济政治经济学保护主义保护主义专制闭关自守主要部门初级成分私营部门私营成分，私营部门公共部门公共部门，公共成分经济频道经济渠道经济平衡经济平衡经济波动经济波动经济萧条经济衰退经济稳定经济稳定经济政策经济政策经济复苏经济复原了解约定浓度集中持股公司控股公司信任托拉斯卡特尔卡特尔增长增长率经济趋势经济趋势经济形势经济形势基础设施基本建设生活生活标准标准，生活水平购买力、购买力购买力稀缺短缺停滞停滞，萧条，不景气欠发达不发达欠发达不发达的发展发展中的初始资本创办资本冻结资金冻结资金冻结资产冻结资产固定资产固定资产房地产不动产，房地产流动资本，流动资本流动资本可用资金可用资产资本货物资本货物储备准备金，储备金催缴资本催缴资本资金分配分配资金资金资金捐献贡献工作基金周转基金周转基金循环基金，周转性基金应急基金意外开支，准备金储备基金准备金缓冲基金缓冲基金，平准基金偿债基金偿债基金投资投资，资产投资者投资人自融资自筹经费，经费自给银行银行经常账户经常帐户（美作：支票帐户）账户持有人支票帐户（美作：支票帐户持有人）支票支票（美作：检查）不记名支票，转账支票无记名支票，来人支票划线支票划线支票旅行支票旅行支票本支票簿，支票本（美作：支票）背书背书转移转让，转帐，过户钱货币问题发行现款现钱现金现金现款生意，概不赊欠现金交易，概不赊欠改变零钱钞票，注意钞票，纸币（美作：比尔）支付现金付现金（中）国内的货币，当地货币]本国货币兑换可兑换性可兑换的货币可兑换货币汇率汇率，兑换率外汇外汇浮动汇率浮动汇率自由汇率汇兑市场外汇兑换券外汇兑换券硬通货硬通货投机投机节约储装，存款折旧减价，贬值（货币）贬值贬值人民币升值重估价失控的通货膨胀无法控制的通货膨胀通货紧缩通货紧缩资本外逃资本外逃证券营业证券市场证券交易所贡市场证券交易所证券交易所证券交易所证券交易所，贡交易所报价报价，牌价分享股份，贡股东，股东贡持有人，股东股利股息，红利现金股利现金配股股票投资贡投资投资信托投资信托证券交易所贡经纪人证券公司、证券公司证券公司证券有价证券每股普通股普通股优先股优先股收入所得股利收入问题发行贡票面价值股面价格，票面价格公牛买手，多头熊卖手，空头分配过户开盘价开盘收盘价收盘困难时期低潮经济衰退景气衰退景气停滞低迷平淡的盘整缓解松弛涨停板涨停板打破暴跌债券，债券债券华尔街华尔街短期贷款短期贷款长期贷款长期贷款中期贷款中期贷款贷款人债权人债权人债权人债务人债务人，借方借款人借方，借款人借款借款兴趣利息感兴趣的利率率折扣贴现，折扣再贴现再贴现年金年金成熟到期日，偿还日摊销摊销，摊还，分期偿付赎回偿还保险保险抵押抵押分配拨款短期信贷短期信贷合并债务合并债务长期债务固定债务，长期债务流动负债流动债务图提款，提存援助援助津贴、补助、补贴补贴，补助金，津贴短期贷款短期贷款长期贷款长期贷款中期贷款中期贷款贷款人债权人债权人债权人债务人债务人，借方借款人借方，借款人借款借款兴趣利息感兴趣的利率率折扣贴现，折扣再贴现再贴现年金年金成熟到期日，偿还日摊销摊销，摊还，分期偿付赎回偿还保险保险抵押抵押分配拨款短期信贷短期信贷合并债务合并债务长期债务固定债务，长期债务流动负债流动债务图提款，提存援助援助津贴、补助、补贴补贴，补助金，津贴成本成本，费用支出，支出开支，支出固定成本固定成本费用营业间接成本费用杂项开支，间接成本经营成本生产费用，营业成本营业费用营业费用运行费用日常费用，经营费用杂项费用杂项费用费用间接费用，管理费用维修费用，维修费用维修费用，养护费用运输成本运输费用社会收费社会负担费用临时费用，突发事件或有费用分摊费用分摊费用收入收入，收益盈利利润，收益总收入，总收入总收入，总收益毛利，毛利毛利，总利润，利益毛额净收入纯收益，净收入，收益净额平均收入平均收入国民收入国收入盈利能力，盈利能力利润率，赢利率产量产量收益，收益率增加价值，升值增值，升值责任税税收制度税制税收征税，纳税财税财务税收累进税制累进税制累进税累进税增值税增值税所得税所得税土地增值税地租，地价税消费税特许权税评估估税标准基础应纳税所得额须纳税的收入财政检查免税免税的免税免税纳税人纳税人税吏收税员中国国际贸易促进委员会、国际贸易促进委员会中国国际贸易促进委员会国家对我们中国贸易美中贸易全国理事会理事会日本中国经济学会日中经济协会对国际贸易促进协会，日本日本国际贸易促进会英国国际贸易促进委员会英国国际贸易促进委员会国际商务国际商会室国际海上保险联盟国际海洋运输保险协会国际协会国际铝矾土协会万国邮政联盟、万国邮政联盟万国邮政联盟海关合作理事会，CCC关税合作理事会联合国贸易和发展委员会联合国贸易与发展理事会经济合作与发展组织，与经济合作与开发组织欧洲经济共同体、欧洲共同体，欧洲共同市场欧洲经济共同体欧洲自由贸易协会、欧洲自由贸易联盟欧洲贸易联盟欧洲自由贸易区、欧洲自由贸易联盟欧洲贸易区经济互助委员会，经互会经济互助委员会欧元集团欧洲集团十十国集团组二十委员会（巴黎俱乐部）二十国委员会协调委员会，协调巴黎统筹委员会加勒比共同市场，CCM，加勒比自由贸易协会、加勒比共同市场加勒比共同市场（加勒比贸易同盟）安第斯共同市场，ACM，安第斯条约组织，ATO安第斯共同市场拉丁美洲自由贸易协会，它拉丁美洲贸易联盟中美洲共同市场、共同中美洲共同市场非洲和马达加斯加共同组织，改善非洲与马尔加什共同组织东非共同市场、东非共同市场东非共同市场中非关税和经济联盟、中中非关税经济同盟西非经济共同体、西非经济共同体西非经济共同体对石油输出国组织欧佩克石油输出国组织阿拉伯石油输出国组织，石油输出国组织阿拉伯石油输出国组织英联邦特惠区英联邦特惠区法国对外贸易中心，法国对外贸易中心全国对外贸易中心中国人民银行的中国人银行中国中国银行银行国际复兴开发银行、国际复兴开发银行国际复兴开发银行世界银行世界银行国际开发协会IDA国际开发协会国际货币基金协定国际货币基金协定国际货币基金组织国际货币基金组织欧洲经济和货币联盟欧洲经济与货币同盟欧洲货币合作基金欧洲货币合作基金国际清算银行，国际清算银行国际结算银行非洲开发银行、非洲开发银行非洲开发银行华盛顿美国进出口银行进出口银行纽约花旗银行国民城市银行美丰银行美丰银行美国运通公司美国万国宝通银行大通银行大通银行美洲开发银行、美洲开发银行泛美开发银行欧洲投资银行，欧洲投资银行欧洲投资银行美联银行，公司米兰银行瑞士联合银行瑞士联合银行德累斯顿银行德累斯敦银行A.G.东京银行，公司东京银行香港和上海公司香港汇丰银行国际金融公司IFC国际金融公司非洲金融共同体非洲金融共同体经济及社会理事会、经社理事会联合国经济及社会理事会联合国开发计划署、联合国开发计划署联合国开发计划署联合国资本发展基金会联合国资本开发基金联合国工业发展组织、联合国工发组织联合国工业发展组织联合国贸易和发展会议、联合国贸易和发展会议联合国贸易与发展会议食品和农业组织，联合国粮农组织粮食与农业组织，粮农组织欧洲经济委员会ECE欧洲经济委员会拉丁美国经济委员会，该拉丁美洲经济委员会亚洲及远东经济委员会，亚洲及远东经济委员会ECAFE西亚经济委员会，西亚经济委员会ECWA非洲经济委员会，ECA非洲经济委员会华侨投资公司华侨投资公司纽交所纽约证券交易所，纽约证券交易所伦敦股票市场伦敦贡市场波罗的海贸易和航运交易所波罗的海商业和航运交易所教学、教育教育文化文化小学教育初等教育中等教育中等教育高等教育高等教育三R的读、写、算学年学年期，孕期学季学期学期学校的一天教学日学校假期假期课程课程主题学科学科纪律课程表时间表课，课课作业家庭作业运动练习听写听写拼写错误拼写错误（短）课程短训班研讨会研讨班游戏时间，打破课间，休息逃学，旷课逃学，旷课课程（学习）学业学生的身体学生（总称）同学，同学同学学生小学生学生大学生男生男生女生女生审计旁听生SWOT分析，磨用的学生老男孩老生助学金，奖学金，奖学金奖学金一批，学者持有人，同奖学金获得者校服校服教学人员教育工作者（总称）教师教师（总称）小学教师小学老师老师大学老师教授教授教育教授，授课助理助教校长校长（女性为：校长）副校长，副校长副校长校长校长院长教务长实验室助理，实验室助理实验员比德尔，波特门房，学校工友游戏，体育教师，体育教师体育教师家教私人教师，家庭教师教育者文学教师（蔑称）学龄教龄长期开学开始入学注册报名，报名予以注册上课（学生）上课教（老师）上课研究学习通过心记住学习，掌握修改，去复习试验考试测试考试参加考试，参加考试，参加考试参加考试会议通知考试通知考官考试者考官考试团板口试，笔试口试，笔试问题问题问题的提出试卷婴儿床夹带（美作：小跑）通过考试（或考试），通过考试及格，及格升级颁奖分配奖品未通过考试未通过考试失败未考好复读一年留级度学位研究生毕业生毕业毕业项目，论文毕业论文普通教育证书（中学毕业证书美作：高中文凭）对教育中学毕业生一般证书持有人（美作：一个高中文凭）博士博士学位医生博士竞争性考试答辩考试中国语文英语英语日本日语数学数学科学理科体操体育历史历史代数代数几何几何地理地理生物生物化学化学物理物理自然地理地球物理文学文学社会学社会学心理学心理学哲学哲学工程工程学机械工程机械工程学电子工程电子工程学医学医学社会科学社会科学农业农学天文天文学经济学经济学政治政治学商业科学商学生物化学生物化学人类学人类学语言学语言学会计会计学法律、法学法学银行银行学冶金冶金学金融财政学大众传播大众传播学新闻新闻学原子能原子能学土木工程土木工程建筑建筑学化工、工程化学工程会计与统计会计统计企业管理工商管理图书馆图书馆学外交外交外语外文植物学植物主要主修小辅修学校学校幼儿园幼儿园幼儿学校幼儿学校小学、初中小学中学中学高中、中专专科学校商学院商业学校技术学校工业学校技术学院专科学校（大学）校园大学大学大学寄宿学校供膳宿的学校每天放学日校，无宿舍学校，走读学校一天在学校吃午餐的学生提供午餐的走读学生学院专科学院教师系住宅学校公寓大厅课堂教室演讲厅阅览室（美作：演讲厅）剧场阶梯教室（美作：竞技场）教研室教研室校长办公室，校长办公室校长办公室（装配）大厅礼堂图书馆图书馆操场操场桌上课桌黑板黑板（一）粉笔粉笔石笔石板笔墙上的地图挂图廓图骨架图，示意图全球地球仪书课本词典词典百科全书百科全书阿特拉斯地图集书包书包练习册练习本草稿本草稿本（美作：草稿本）吸墨纸吸墨纸描图纸描图纸方格纸，纸坐标纸（喷泉）笔自来水笔圆珠笔，圆珠笔（钢笔）圆珠笔铅笔铅笔自动铅笔自动铅笔卷笔刀铅笔刀，转笔刀墨墨水墨水瓶墨水池橡皮，橡皮橡皮统治者，统治尺计算尺尺三角板设置方量角器量角器圆规，圆规圆规双劳工部（劳工部美作作者劳动）劳动力市场劳工市场，劳务市场劳动交换，交换职业介绍所（美作就业：就业局）劳动管理职业介绍经纪人充分就业整日制工作是按小时支付按小时付酬季节性的工作季节工作计件工作计件工作计时工作计时工作团队工作联合工作轮班工作换班工作装配线的工作组装线工作（美作：批量生产）车间车间工艺品，工艺品手艺，技艺贸易、工艺行当职业，职业职务就业，工作工作情况，后位置工作一件工作空置空缺，空额工作许可证工作许可证求职求职，找工作应用（找工作）求职从事，采用雇用劳动合同劳务合同工业事故劳动事故职业病职业病职业指导职业指导职业培训职业训练再培训、转岗、康复再训练，再培训假期，假期，假期假期劳动力成本、劳动力投入劳力成本劳动劳力波动波动（美作F劳动）工人工作者固定工长期工，固定工人员，员工人员员工职员文员，办公室工作人员办公室人员工薪阶层的雇佣工人工人工人有组织的劳工参加工会的工人熟练的工人技术工人非熟练工人非技术工人专业化的工作熟练工人农场工人农场工人农场工人农业工人日工日工季节性工人季节工合作者合作者工头工头见习，见习学徒工学徒学徒工匠，工匠工匠专家专家夜班夜班劳动力的短缺，劳动力的短缺缺乏劳力工人阶级工人阶级无产阶级无产者无产阶级无产阶级工会工会（美作：工会）工会工团主义者工会工团主义公会行会，同会，公会协会，社会，工会协会移民移，移居雇主雇主，老板网店管家（工厂的）工会代表（美作：工会代表）代表代表代表代表工作委员会劳资联合委员会劳动法劳工法工作日，工作日工作日全职工作，全职工作，全职工作全天工作兼职工作，兼职工作，兼职工作半日工作工作时间工作时间加班业余时间薪酬报酬工资，工资，工资工资工资指数工资指数最低工资最低工资基本工资基础工资工资总额全部收入净，实际工资实际收入每小时工资，每小时工资率计时工资月工资月工资每周工资周工资计件工资计件工资最高工资最高工资（美作：工资上限）滑动按物价计酬法在这种用实物付酬付款日工资日工资费，奖金，额外支付奖励发薪日发工资日，付薪日工资单工资单工资薪水册失业救济失业救济养老退休金，养老金集体协议工会代表工人与资方代表达成的协议退休退休索赔要求罢工罢工前锋罢工者走慢怠工（美作：慢下来）锁定停工（业主为抵制工人的要求而停工）罢工阶段性罢工罢工纠察队员罢工纠察队员罢工津贴罢工津贴（由工会给的）破坏罢工者走狗工贼，放下工具，静坐罢工静坐示范，表现示威制裁制裁失业失业季节性失业季节性失业就业不足不充分就业失业的人失业者（个人）失业失业者（集体）放电，把辞退，开除，解雇解雇开除，解雇合同解除结束合同，结束契约谈判谈判集体谈判劳资双方就工资等问题谈判接待员接待员打字员打字员键控穿孔机电脑操作员速记员速记员电话接线员电话接线员程序员电脑程序员系统分析师系统分析员速记打字员速记打字员办公室的女孩女记事员公务员公务员国家公务员国家公务员地方公务员地方公务员国家铁路的人国营铁路职员示踪绘图员插画汇稿员售货员女店员试点驾驶员同时同时译员出版商出版人员平面设计师美术设计员男孩送报员交货秘书秘书警察警察记者记者编辑编辑翻译通译者导演导演人才星探演员男演员女演员女演员摄影师摄影师学者学者翻译翻译家小说家小说家剧作家剧作家语言学家语言学家植物学家植物学家经济学家经济学家化学家化学家科学家科学家哲学家哲学家政治家政治学家物理学家物理学家人类学家人类学家考古学家考古学家地质学家地质学家民俗专家俗学家数学家数学家生物学家生物学家动物学家动物学家统计学家统计学家生理学家生理学家未来学家未来学家艺术家艺术家画家画家音乐家音乐家作曲家作曲家歌手歌唱家设计师设计家雕塑家雕刻家设计师服装设计师时装调配师时装裁缝女装裁剪师刀裁剪师下水道裁缝师裁缝西装师傅美容师美容师模型模特芭蕾舞演员芭蕾舞星侦探刑警警察警察局长首席出租车司机出租车司机店员店员邮递员邮差报纸的男孩报童擦鞋童擦鞋童诗人诗人文案撰稿人制片人制片人新闻播音员新闻评论人送牛奶的人送奶人商人商人花店卖花人贝克面包师菜贩菜贩鱼贩子鱼贩屠夫肉贩鞋匠鞋匠售货员女店员空姐空中小姐导体车掌站长站长波特行李夫汽车修理工汽车修理师建筑师建筑师市民规划师城市设计师土木工程师土木技师药剂师，药剂师，药剂师药剂师引导导游石油供应商加油工（公共卫生护士保健护士）牙医牙科医生主管监工福尔曼工头医生医生护士护士宏观经济的宏观经济通货膨胀通货膨胀破产破产有偿还债务能力的溶剂合同合同汇率汇率紧缩信贷紧缩信贷私营部门私营部门财政管理机构财政当局宽松的财政政策松的财政政策税法税法案财政公共财政财政部财政部平衡预算平衡预算继承税遗产税货币主义者货币主义者增值税增值税（增值税）收入收入总需求总需求。

摆脱亚洲金融危机的影响shake off the impact of the financial crisis部长级会议ministerial meeting/conference采取积极财政政策proactive fiscal policy出口创汇型/外向型产业export-oriented industry东南亚国家联盟ASEAN：Association of South-East Asian Nations 对外项目承包foreign project contracting outsourcing放松银根ease monetary policy防伪标志anti-fake label fake and shoddy products非生产性投资investment in non-productive projects风险管理/评估risk management/ assessment风险基金venture capital岗位培训on-the-job training风险准备金loan loss provision/ provisions of risk 搞活国有大中型企业revitalize large and medium-sized state ownedenterprises固定资产投资investment in the fixed assets广开就业门路increase employment opportunities; create jobs inevery possible way; open up more channels ofemployment合理引导消费guide rational consumption坏帐、呆帐、死帐bad account/ dead account/ uncollectibleaccount/bad debt/ bad loan机构重叠organizational overlapping技工贸结合的科技型企业scientific andtechnological enterprises that integrate scientificand technological development with industrial andtrade development季节性调价seasonal price adjustments机构臃肿overstaffing in (government) organizations货币市场money market垂直兼并vertical merger横向兼并horizontal merger既成事实established/accomplished facts流动人口floating population migrants经常项目、账户current account控股公司holding company劳动密集性企业labor-intensive enterprises减免债务reduce and cancel debts农业技术合作ATC：Agricultural Technical Cooperation企业所得税corporate income tax企业的自我约束机制self-regulating mechanism of enterprises瓶颈制约“bottleneck” restricti ons企业亏损补贴subsidies to cover enterprise losses企业技术改造technological updating of enterprises申报制度reporting system; income declaration system实行国民待遇grant the national treatment to, treat foreign investors as quals to the Chinese counterparts通货紧缩deflation通货膨胀inflation双重轨制two-tier system / double-track system所有制形式forms of ownership适销对路的产品readily marketable products无纸交易paperless transaction信息化informationize形成统一、开放和竞争有序的市场establish an unified, open market with orderly competition亚洲开发银行ADB: Asian Development Bank中介服务组织intermediary service organization注入新的生机与活力bring new vigor and vitality into转化经营机制change the method of operation资本项目capital account自由浮动汇率free floating exchange rate自主经营,自负盈亏responsible for their own management decisions,profits and losses国内对农业的支持domestic support to agriculture船务公司shipping service company稳健的货币政策prudent monetary policy走上良性发展的轨道going on the track of sound progress不良贷款Non—performing loan城镇居民最低生活保障A minimum standard of living for city residents城镇职工医疗保险制度The system of medical insurance for urban workers搞活企业invigorate/ revitalize/ rejuvenate enterprises发挥市场的调节作用to give play to the regulatory role of the market防范和化解金融风险Take precautions against and reduce financial risks防洪工程Flood-prevention project副业sideline production改善经济环境improve economic environment第二产业secondary industry第三产业tertiary industry第一产业primary industry独资企业wholly foreign owned/funded enterprise鼓励give incentive to管理不善poor management国际收支international balance of payments国有资产安全The safety of state-owned assets合资企业joint venture和平演变peaceful evolution扩大国内需The expansion of domestic demand拉动经济增长Fuel economic growth流通制度circulation system取消国家对农产品的统购统销to cancel the state's monopoly on the purchase and marketing of agricultural products融资渠道Financing channels商品经济commodity economy外汇收支Foreign exchange revenue and spending计划经济planned economy经济复原economic recovery基本建设infrastructure冻结资金frozen capital周转基金working capital fund准备金reserve fund自筹经费,经费自给self-financing创办资本initial capital公共部门,公共成分public sector私营成分,私营部门private sector可兑换货币convertible currencies债权人creditor债务人debtor短期贷款short term loan间接费用,管理费用overhead expenses维修费用,养护费用upkeep costs, maintenance costs长期贷款long term loan补贴,补助金,津贴allowance, grant, subsidy毛利gross profit, gross benefit纯收益net income免税的tax-free累进税制progressive taxation增值税value added tax所得税income tax须纳税的收入taxable income纳税人taxpayer收税员tax collector税制taxation system抵押mortgage拨款allotment。