新高考读写课程 第4讲-人与社会-社会进步与人类文明-练习案

社会发展与人类文明人类文明的发展是社会发展的重要组成部分，二者相辅相成、共同进步。

在社会的演进过程中，人类文明的进步往往推动着社会的繁荣与发展。

本文将探讨社会发展与人类文明之间的密切关系，并深入分析它们对彼此的影响以及如何共同促进人类社会的进步。

一、社会发展对人类文明的推动社会发展是指社会在经济、政治、科技等方面的进步与演变。

在社会发展的过程中，人类通过创新和发明，建立起了一种文明的秩序和制度，这促使人类日益完善和发展。

社会发展为人类文明的进步提供了必要的环境和条件，具体表现在以下几个方面：1. 经济繁荣：社会的经济发展为人类文明的进步提供了重要的物质基础。

经济的繁荣使得科学技术的进步成为可能，推动了人类文明的不断提升。

例如，工业革命的爆发使得机械化生产成为现实，从而极大地提高了生产效率，改变了人们的生活方式。

2. 政治制度的进步：随着社会的发展，人类逐渐建立了一系列的政治制度与法律规范，保障了社会秩序的稳定与公平。

这些政治制度的进步不仅保障了人类的基本权益，也为人类文明的发展提供了良好的环境。

例如，民主制度的普及与完善，为人们的思想自由和科学研究提供了保障。

3. 科技创新：社会的发展对科技创新起到了强大的推动作用。

科技的进步使得生产力水平大幅提升，改善了人类的生活条件。

例如，互联网的普及与发展，使得信息传播更加快捷方便，极大地推动了人类文明的传承与发展。

二、人类文明对社会发展的促进人类文明的进步不仅受到社会的推动，也为社会的发展作出了巨大的贡献。

人类文明的发展对社会的进步具有以下重要意义：1. 思想启蒙：人类文明的进步推动着人们思想的解放与进步。

通过人类文明的宣扬与普及，人们的认知水平得到提高，拓宽了思维的边界。

这进而激发了人们对社会问题的关注与思考，推动社会进步的方向。

2. 文化传承：人类文明是人类智慧的结晶，包含了人类在各个领域的杰出成就。

人们通过学习与吸收文明的精髓，保持对传统文化的尊重与继承。

《人的认识从何而来》作业设计方案（第一课时）一、作业目标本作业设计旨在帮助学生深入理解《人的认识从何而来》这一高中政治课程内容，通过实践操作和思考，巩固学生对认识论基本概念的理解，并能够运用所学知识分析现实生活中的相关问题。

二、作业内容1. 理论学习：学生需仔细阅读教材中关于认识论的章节，重点掌握认识的基础、认识的来源和发展的过程等基本概念。

2. 案例分析：选取生活中常见的现象或事件，如科技进步、社会变革等，分析其背后的认识发展过程和影响因素。

学生需以小组形式进行讨论，并形成书面报告。

3. 实践活动：学生需进行一次简单的社会调查，了解人们对某一问题的认识过程和影响因素，如环境保护意识的提升过程等。

调查需包括问卷设计、数据收集、分析总结等环节。

4. 反思总结：学生需结合理论学习和实践活动，反思自己的认识过程，总结在认识事物时的经验与不足，并提出改进措施。

三、作业要求1. 理论学习部分要求学生对基本概念有清晰的理解，并能准确阐述相关内容。

2. 案例分析部分要求小组内成员分工明确，讨论充分，书面报告需条理清晰，分析深入。

3. 实践活动部分要求学生能够独立完成调查设计、数据收集和分析工作，并形成完整的调查报告。

4. 反思总结部分要求学生真实反映自己的认识过程，提出具有针对性的改进措施。

四、作业评价1. 教师根据学生的理论学习情况、案例分析报告、实践活动报告和反思总结等方面进行评价。

2. 评价标准包括对基本概念的理解程度、分析问题的深入程度、实践活动的完成情况和反思总结的真实性及改进措施的针对性。

3. 评价结果将作为学生课程成绩的一部分，同时教师会根据评价结果给予学生针对性的反馈和建议。

五、作业反馈1. 教师将在课堂上对学生的作业进行点评，指出优点和不足，并提出改进建议。

2. 学生需根据教师的反馈，对自己的作业进行修改和完善。

3. 对于共性问题，教师将在课堂上进行集中讲解，帮助学生更好地掌握相关知识。

通过本作业设计的实践与反馈环节，旨在帮助学生更好地巩固所学知识，提高分析问题和解决问题的能力，同时也能让学生更加真实地反思自己的认识过程，从而在今后的学习和生活中更好地运用所学知识。

新课标、新高考、新思路---聚焦核心素养、获取关键能力语篇精深、读写结合（教师版）语篇二语篇选择：2019年高考新课标全国卷II 阅读理解B篇语篇来源：《伦敦周刊》（The Week）2017年4月21日发表的文章I’m addicted to volunteering.Is that selfish?主题语境：人与社会-社会服务与人际沟通-公益事业与志愿服务语篇体裁：夹叙夹议语篇字数：310词“You can use me as a last resort(选择), and if nobody else volunteers，then I will do it.” This was an actual reply from a parent after I put out a request for volunteers for my kids lacrosse(长曲棍球)club.I guess that there's probably some demanding work schedule, or social anxiety around stepping up to help for an unknown sport. She may just need a little persuading. So I try again and tug at the heartstrings. I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren’t even on … At this point t he unwilling parent speaks up,“Alright. Yes, I’ll do it.”I’m secretly relieved because I know there’s real power in sharing volunteer responsibilities among many. The unwilling parent organizes the meal schedule, sends out emails, and collects money for end-of-season gifts. Somewhere along the way, the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team. The coach is able to focus on the kids while the other parents are relieved to be off the hook for another season. Handing out sliced oranges to bloodthirsty kids can be as exciting as watching your own kid score a goal.Still, most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close. That relief is coupled with a deep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more: Connecting to the community as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy. Volunteering just feels so good.In that sense, I’m pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish act than I’d freely like to admit. However, if others benefit in the process, and I get some reward too, does it really matter wheremy motivation lies?24.What can we infer about the parent from her reply in paragraph l?A. She knows little about the club.B. She isn't good at sports.C. She just doesn't want to volunteer.D. She's unable to meet her schedule.答案：C解析：推理判断题。

新课标、新高考、新思路---聚焦核心素养、获取关键能力语篇精深、读写结合（练习案）语篇三2017年11月浙江省高考读后续写真题阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。

I had an interesting childhood: It was filled with surprise and amusements, all because of my mother-loving, sweet, and yet absent-minded and forgetful. One strange family trip we took when I was eleven tells a lot about her.My two sets of grandparents lived in Colorado and North Dakota, and my parents decided to spend a few weeks driving to those states and seeing all the sights along the way.As the first day of our trip approached, David, my eight-year-old brother, and I unwillingly said good-bye to all of our friends. Who knew if we’d ever see them again? Finally, the moment of our departure arrived, and we loaded suitcases, books, games, camping equipment, and a tent into the car and bravely drove off. We bravely drove off again two hours later after we’d returned home to get the purse and traveler’s checks Mom had forgotten.David and I were always a little nervous when using gas station bathrooms if Mom was driving while Dad slept:” You stand outside the door and play lookout while I go, and I’ll stand outside the door and play lookout while you go.” I had terrible pictures in my mind: “Honey, where are the kids?” “What?! Oh, Gosh… I thought they were being awfully quiet.” We were never actually left behind in a strange city, but we weren’t about to take any chances.On the fourth or fifth night, we had trouble finding a hotel with a vacancy. After driving in vain for some time, Mom suddenly got a great idea: Why didn’t we find a house with a likely-looking backyard and ask if we could set up tent there? David and I became nervous.To our great relief, Dad turned down the idea. Mom never could understand our objections. If a strange family showed up on her front doorsteps, Mom would have been delighted. She thinks everyone in the world as nice as she is. We finally found a vacancy in the next town.注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为 150 左右；2. 应使用5 个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；3. 续写部分分为两段，每段开头语已为你写好；4. 续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。

02人与社会之历史，社会与文化Passage 1（2024·浙江·高考真题）The Stanford marshmallow(棉花糖) test was originally conducted by psychologist Walter Mischel in the late 1960s. Children aged four to six at a nursery school were placed in a room. A single sugary treat, selected by the child, was placed on a table. Each child was told if they waited for 15 minutes before eating the treat, they would be given a second treat. Then they were left alone in the room. Follow-up studies with the children later in life showed a connect ion between an ability to wait long enough to obtain a second treat and various forms of success. As adults, we face a version(版本) of the marshmallow test every day. We’re not tempted(诱惑) by sugary treats, but by our computers, phones, and tablets —all the devices that connect us to the global delivery system for various types of information that do to us what marshmallows do to preschoolers.We are tempted by sugary treats because our ancestors lived in a calorie-poor world, and our brains developed a response mechanism(机制) to these treats that reflected their value —a feeling of reward and satisfaction. But as we’ve reshaped the world around us, dramatically reducing the cost and effort involved in obtaining(获取) calories, we still have the same brains we had thousands of years ago, and this mismatch(不匹配) is at the heart of why so many of us struggle to resist (抵抗) tempting foods that we know we shouldn’t eat.A similar process is at work in our response to information. Our formative(有重大影响的) environment as a species was information-poor, so our brains developed a mechanism that prized(高度重视) new information. But global connectivity has greatly changed our information environment. We are now endlessly bombarded(轰炸) with new information. Therefore, just as we need to be more thoughtful(深思熟虑的) about our caloric consumption(热量消耗), we also need to be more thoughtful about our information consumption, resisting the temptation of the mental “junk food” in order to manage our time most effectively.1．What did the children nee d to do to get a second treat in Mischel’s test A．Take an examination alone. B．Show respect for the researchers.C．Share their treats with others. D．Delay eating for fifteen minutes. 2．According to paragraph 3, there is a mismatch between ______.A．the calorie-poor world and our good appetites B．the shortage of sugar and our nutritional needsC．the rich food supply and our unchanged brains D．the tempting foods and our efforts to keep fit3．What does the author suggest readers doA．Absorb new information readily(欣然地). B．Use diverse information sources. C．Be selective information consumers. D．Protect the information environment. 4．Which of the following is the best title for the textA．Eat Less, Read More B．The Bitter Truth about Early HumansC．The Marshmallow Test for Grownups D．The Marshmallow Test for Children. Passage 2（23-24高二上·全国·课后作业）This year over twenty-three hundred teenagers (young people aged from 13-19) from all over the world will spend about ten months in US homes. They will attend US schools, meet US teenagers, and form impressions of the real America. At the same time, about thirteen hundred American teenagers will go to other countries to learn new languages and gain a newunderstanding of the rest of the world.Here is a two-way student exchange in action. Fred, nineteen, spent last year in Germany with George’s family. In turn, George’s son Mike spent a year in Fred’s home in America.Fred, a lively young man, knew little German when he arrived, but after two months’ study the language began to come to him. School was completely different from what he had expected—much harder. Students rose respectfully when the teacher entered the room. They took fourteen subjects instead of the six that were usual in the United States. There were almost no outside activities.Family life, too, was different. The father’s word was law, and all activities were around the family rather than the individual. Fred found the food too simple at first. Also, he missed having a car. “Back home, you pick up some friends in a car and go out and have a good time. In Germany, you walk, but you soon learn to like it.”At the same time, in America, Mike, a friendly German boy, was also forming his idea.“I suppose I should criticise American schools,” he said. “It is far too e asy by our level. But I have to say that I like it very much.In Germany we do nothing but study. Here we take part in many outside activities. I think that maybe your schools are better in training for citizens. There ought to be some middle ground between the two.”5．What’s Mike’s attitude towards American educationA．Praise. B．Regret.C．Ignore. D．Accuse.6．What’s the purpose of the whole exchange programA．To help teenagers in other countries know the real America.B．To send students in America to travel in Germany.C．To let students learn something about other countries.D．To have teenagers learn new languages.7．What is particular in American schoolsA．There is some middle ground between the two teaching buildings.B．There are a lot of outside activities.C．Students usually take 14 subjects in all.D．Students go outside to enjoy themselves in a car.8．What did Mike think after experiencing the American school lifeA．A better education should include something good from both America and Germany.B．German schools trained students to be better citizens.C．American schools were not as good as German schools.D．The easy life in American schools was more helpful to students.Passage 3（23-24高三上·湖北·阶段练习）I’m a grandma in my 60s. In the spring of 2020, like the rest of the world, I spent a lot of time staring at a screen and that was when I first got into the YouTube world. I discovered that onscreen offerings were truly endless. From one YouTuber I learned how to plant my own vegetable garden. Someone else shared poetry from Robert Frost, wise sayings from Confucius, and a smattering (一知半解) of other philosophical viewpoints, all of which helped me through some dark days. Down the rabbit hole I went, scrolling for hours and hours, watching other people living their lives and giving me advice on how to live mine.As the months rolled by, YouTube turned my attention away from the hard reality ofwhat was going on in the world. I subscribed to several channels and waited anxiously for new weekly offerings. I watched people reading poetry or painting by streams or looking out windows into snowy landscapes. I found all this calming. Such lovely scenery, such beautiful background music, such pretty clothes they were wearing!At some point though, I got upset by these artistic and seemingly perfect lives. Who is filming them I wondered. Do they rehearse or just act on the spot Isn’t it cold, stepping through snowbanks in dresses The questions kept bothering me while forcing comparisons to my own somewhat more ordinary existence. I wanted to walk in a flowing dress through hilly green field filled with wildflowers! Instead, I was marching through my neighborhood’s city streets in mom jeans.In a moment of insight, I realized that I had a full and happy life, which although it wo uldn’t win awards for perfection onscreen, suited me perfectly. I put my phone away and started paying attention to my own life instead of watching other people live theirs. I still like checking in once in a while. YouTube can be a rich source of entertai nment and inspiration, but I’ve limited my exposure. I am content with the knowledge that my addiction to life onscreen has been replaced by life itself. 9．What can be learned about the author in the spring of 2020A．She experienced some hard times.B．She taught others about gardening.C．She developed an interest in poetry.D．She shared her philosophical views online.10．What effect did YouTube have on the author according to paragraph 2A．It made her more anxious.B．It improved her taste in art.C．It taught her to accept reality.D．It brought some comfort to her.11．How did the artistic lives presented on YouTube make the author feel A．Desperate. B．Connected. C．Envious. D．Proud.12．What has the author decided to do in the endA．Seek inspiration from YouTube.B．Stop using her phone in daily life.C．Focus on her own life instead of others’.D．Continue watching other people’s lives.Passage 4（22-23高一下·江西南昌·阶段练习）One morning soon, you’ll get on your bike and ride from one end of America to the other, because the Great American Rail Trail is 53% complete, making a cross-country bike ride closer to a reality.The idea of a bike trail(小路) made up of scenic paths, trails and former rail lines from Washington DC to Washington State has been 30 years in the making. Now, with more than 50% of the trail up and running, the project, run by the Rails to Trails in cooperation with local authorities, is building up, with hundreds of miles of trails in development now. Though not entirely complete, the rail trail has drawn people of all types.Last August, Ryan Gardill and a colleague biked 350 miles from Pittsburgh to Washington DC．Their travels took them through some beautiful and historical parts of the American East. “The trail connected me to our revolutionary and industr ial history. Most of the towns on the trail were once important to America.”The major goal of the trail is to provide the American public with the opportunity to explore their beautiful country, without getting in their car. A secondary objective is to bring prosperity(繁荣) back to the small towns and cities that once prospered along the country’s now diminished rail system, according to National Geographic. One of these is Muncie, Indiana, a city located on a former rail system and a part of the Rail Trail. The city is already seeing the economic benefits of the trail. “A large majority of our customers are local, but the Rail Trail could help grow tourism,” said Jason Allardt, owner of the historic Kirk’s Bike Shop.This is the hope for many once-prosperous towns and cities all throughout America, though it may take nearly 20 years to get the entire trail up and running. 13．What has made the trail attractive to peopleA．It’s a bike trail with good scenery. B．It’s a rail line across the country.C．It offers good adventurous paths. D．Its construction lasted 30 years. 14．What can be inferred about most towns along the trailA．They were the basic part of the U.S. railways.B．They are mostly located in the mountains.C．They enjoy great popularity as destinations.D．They’re no longer important towns in America.15．What does the underlined word “diminished” mean in Para. 4 A．Enlarged. B．Protected. C．Decreased. D．Destroyed.16．What can we learn about the city MuncieA．The Trail will link its scenery to the outside. B．The Trail will help its economic recovery.C．It has bike paths designed for local citizens. D．The railway has brought about itsprosperity.Passage 5（23-24高三下·河南·阶段练习）The National Heritage Responders is a volunteer network of around 100 experts in cultural heritage conservation from around Puerto Rico. They assist individuals and institutions in figuring out how to save important objects and buildings after disasters. Their crisis hotline has been busier than ever in recent years because of more frequent and severe weather brought on by climate change. In 2023, there have been around 70 calls so far, up from fewer than 10 in 2008, when the hotline first appeared.Ann Frellsen, the Atlanta-based book and paper conservator, is a longtime heritage responder volunteer with more than three decades of experience in helping out cultural institutions after disasters. She was among those sent to Puerto Rico over several visits starting a couple of months after two hurricanes hit it in 2017.After providing initial support via the phone, Frellsen and her team came in to help La Casa del Libro and other local institutions in crisis with equipment, supplies and advice. In fact, much of the advice the hotline provides is via phone or video-chat; volunteers are sent out into the field in certain cases, on an as-needed basis. “There were no stoplights and signs on the highways because they’d all been blown away,” Frellsen said. She added that figuring out how to reach the more than 20 institutions that needed assistance in Puerto Rico was challenging—not to mention the on-the-job hazards.When Frellsen isn’t heading into disaster zones to help save artifacts (文物) from fires, hurricanes and floods, she trains others in the heritage conservation field to do the same. Some of the participants may eventually take the test to become NationalHeritage Responders. But at this moment, they are deep in a hands-on training exercise, based on an imaginary situation cooked up by Frellsen and her co-trainers. 17．What can we say about Puerto RicoA．It calls on people to keep in contact. B．Natural disasters are increasing there. C．It works hard to build highways. D．The weather is really nice there. 18．What can be learned about the National Heritage RespondersA．It teaches individuals how to protect themselves.B．New volunteers can join it with no tests required.C．Victims all over the world can contact it by hotline.D．It sends experts to the disaster areas when necessary.19．What does the underlined word “hazards” in paragraph 4 mean A．Dangers. B．Skills. C．Trainings. D．Rights.20．What are Frellsen and her team busy doing at presentA．Taking various tests. B．Entering a new disaster area.C．Conducting a practical exercise. D．Restoring priceless artifacts.试卷第1页，共3页02人与社会之历史，社会与文化Passage 1（2024·浙江·高考真题）The Stanford marshmallow(棉花糖) test was originally conducted by psychologist Walter Mischel in the late 1960s. Children aged four to six at a nursery school were placed in a room. A single sugary treat, selected by the child, was placed on a table. Each child was told if they waited for 15 minutes before eating the treat, they would be given a second treat. Then they were left alone in the room. Follow-up studies with the children later in life showed a connect ion between an ability to wait long enough to obtain a second treat and various forms of success.As adults, we face a version(版本) of the marshmallow test every day. We’re not tempted(诱惑) by sugary treats, but by our computers, phones, and tablets —all the devices that connect us to the global delivery system for various types of information that do to us what marshmallows do to preschoolers.We are tempted by sugary treats because our ancestors lived in a calorie-poor world, and our brains developed a response mechanism(机制) to these treats that reflected their value —a feeling of reward and satisfaction. But as we’ve reshaped the world around us, dramatically reducing the cost and effort involved in obtaining(获取) calories, we still have the same brains we had thousands of years ago, and this mismatch(不匹配) is at the heart of why so many of us struggle to resist (抵抗) tempting foods that we know we shouldn’t eat.A similar process is at work in our response to information. Our formative(有重大影响的) environment as a species was information-poor, so our brains developed a mechanism that prized(高度重视) new information. But global connectivity has greatly changed our information environment. We are now endlessly bombarded(轰炸) with new information. Therefore, just as we need to be more thoughtful(深思熟虑的) about our caloric consumption(热量消耗), we also need to be more thoughtful about our information consumption, resisting the temptation of the mental “junk food” in order to manage our time most effectively.1．What did the children need to do to get a second treat in Mischel’s test A．Take an examination alone. B．Show respect for the researchers.C．Share their treats with others. D．Delay eating for fifteen minutes. 2．According to paragraph 3, there is a mismatch between ______.A．the calorie-poor world and our good appetites B．the shortage of sugar and ournutritional needsC．the rich food supply and our unchanged brains D．the tempting foods and our efforts to keep fit3．What does the author suggest readers doA．Absorb new information readily(欣然地). B．Use diverse information sources. C．Be selective information consumers. D．Protect the information environment. 4．Which of the following is the best title for the textA．Eat Less, Read More B．The Bitter Truth about Early HumansC．The Marshmallow Test for Grownups D．The Marshmallow Test for Children.【答案】1．D 2．C 3．C 4．C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。

社会发展与人类文明的进步社会的发展是人类文明进步的基石，随着科技的不断进步和人类思想的不断解放，社会在各个方面都取得了巨大的进步。

本文将从经济、教育、科技和文化等多个角度来探讨社会发展对于人类文明进步的影响。

一、经济发展是社会进步的基础经济的繁荣与稳定是社会发展的基础，也是人类文明进步的重要保障。

随着社会不断发展，人们对于物质生活的需求也在不断增长。

经济的发展不仅提供了更多的就业机会，还改善了人们的生活水平，提高了人们的幸福感。

同时，经济的快速发展也带动了科技的进步，为人类提供了更多的科技产品和服务，进一步促进了社会发展和文明进步。

二、教育的进步促进了人类文明的发展教育是社会发展的重要支柱，也是推动人类文明进步的重要力量。

通过教育，人们可以获得知识和技能，提升自己的素质和能力。

教育的进步不仅使人们能够更好地适应社会的发展需求，还培养了更多的创新人才，推动了科技的进步和社会的发展。

同时，教育也能够提升人们的道德观念和价值观，促使人们更加关注社会责任和公共利益，进一步推动社会的进步和文明的发展。

三、科技的飞速发展助推社会进步科技的不断进步是现代社会发展的重要驱动力之一。

科技的进步不仅改变了人们的生活方式和工作方式，还创造了巨大的经济和社会价值。

随着科技的发展，信息技术的普及使得信息传播更加便捷和快速，人们可以迅速获取到各种信息和知识，推动了人类思想的解放和文化的多元发展。

同时，科技的进步还带来了诸如智能化、自动化等技术革新，提高了生产效率和质量，推动了经济的发展和社会的进步。

四、文化的多元发展推动社会进程文化是一个国家和民族的精神标识，也是人类文明进步的重要体现。

随着社会的发展，文化交流与融合的机会越来越多，各种文化形态互相碰撞和融合，推动了人类文明的进步和社会的发展。

多元文化的发展丰富了人们的精神生活，提升了人们的艺术修养和审美能力。

同时，文化的发展还培养了人们的历史和传统意识，加深了人们对于文化遗产的重视和保护，进一步推动了社会的进步和文明的发展。

人类文明的进步与社会进步在人类历史的长河中，无论是在科技、经济、文化或社会体制等各个方面，人类文明都经历了一个持续不断的进步过程。

而这些人类文明的进步也直接促进了社会的进步。

本文将从不同的角度探讨人类文明的进步与社会进步之间的关系。

一、科技的进步带动了社会的进步科技的进步是人类文明进程中最为明显的体现之一。

当人类从石器时代逐渐进入铁器时代、工业时代和信息时代，科技的不断进步推动了人类社会的飞速发展。

首先，科技的进步改变了人类的生产方式和生活方式。

从最早的手工劳动到现在的机器自动化生产，科技的进步使人类能够更高效地生产生活所需，并大大减轻了人们的劳动负担。

比如在农业领域，农业机械化的发展使农民能够更加高效地耕种、种植，大幅度提高了农产品的产量。

在交通运输领域，发明了各种交通工具，如汽车、火车和飞机，人们能够以更快的速度在各地之间移动，推动了经济和社会的发展。

其次，科技的进步也为人们提供了更多的便利和娱乐选择。

随着互联网的普及，人们可以通过手机、电脑等设备随时随地获取所需信息和资源。

网络购物、在线支付等便利的服务让人们的生活更加便捷。

同时，科技的进步也为人们提供了更多的娱乐方式，如电视、电影、游戏等。

这不仅满足了人们的物质需求，也提高了人们的生活品质。

二、教育与文化的进步推动了社会的进步教育和文化的进步是人类文明进程中至关重要的因素。

只有通过教育和文化的进步，人们的思想和意识才能不断地提升，从而推动社会的进步。

教育的进步使得更多的人能够接受良好的教育，从而提高整个社会的素质水平。

教育不仅仅是传授知识，更重要的是培养人们的思维能力、创造力和社会责任感等素质。

良好的教育能够塑造健康的人格和正确的价值观，使人们更加理性、善良地面对生活和社会。

文化的进步表现为人们对思想、艺术、道德和社会制度的不断完善和更新。

随着时间的推移，不同的文明相互融合、交流，从而形成了多元化的文化。

这些多元化的文化交流不仅推动了人们的思想解放，也为社会发展提供了更多的创新思路和发展机遇。

高三英语课外时文分类阅读系列(3)第三部分“人与社会”之历史、社会与文化篇目录：Passage 1 90后手工艺人复原古代女性妆品Passage 2 中国首位男子单板大跳台世界冠军苏翊鸣Passage 3 90后国潮设计师“变废为宝”制作精美头冠Passage 4 你会为不够时尚而焦虑吗Passage 5 科技让作家写书更轻松Passage 1主题语境——人与社会——90后手工艺人复原古代女性妆品Cosmetics like lipstick and eyeliner are 1. ________ (common) used by women nowadays. But what did Chinese women use for makeup in ancient times? Over the past years, Wang Yifan 2. _______ (restore) more than 30 kinds of cosmetics and makeup tools from different dynasties.Wang has been fascinated by cosmetics since she was a child. After graduating from college in 2015, Wang devoted herself to researching ancient cosmetics. She spent five years gradually 3. _______ (master) systematical knowledge of restoring ancient cosmetics. She also learned from professionals 4. ______ specialize in clothing and dying.Basically, the restoration process of cosmetics 5. _______ (include) the following steps: figuring out the ingredients, formula and effectiveness, doing experiments, making comparisons after testing and constant adjustment if any problems emerge.In her eyes, every step is 6. _____ challenge. But finding the right components and formulas is the most difficult part as it could be the decisive factor regarding whether the cosmetics could be restored. For example, Wang restored a kind of powder 7. ______ (use) by Empress Wu Zetian. This powder was made of motherwort, a plant used in herbal medicine. Wang had to learn crude drug processing from experts. It took her two years 8. ________ (recreate) the powder.T hough the process is complicated, Wang finds it worthwhile. “Restoring cosmetics offers another perspective to learn Chinese history and know more about our nation,” she said.Now, more people know the industry due to exposure on social media. “What’s more, China has been attaching more importance 9. _____ traditional Chinese culture,” Wang said. “This boosts my 10. -_________ (confident) to continue to restore ancient cosmetics.”【参考答案】1. commonly2. has restored3. mastering4. who/that5. includes6. a7. the most difficult 7. used8. to recreate9. to 10. confidencePassage 2主题语境——人与社会——中国首位男子单板大跳台世界冠军苏翊鸣Su Yiming was a child star. But now he is a 1. _______ (profession) snowboarder on his way to realize an Olympic dream.On Dec 4, Su Yiming took home gold at the International Ski Federation (FIS) Ski and Snowboard World Cup in Colorado, US. It was his first major career title. The 17-year-old has also become the first ever Chinese athlete 2. _______ (win) a Big Air World Cup competition.Su once played 3. _____ skier in the movie The Taking of Tiger Mountain in 2014. This experience has earned Su more chances to play more roles in other films later on.But Su decided to stop 4. _______ (develop) his acting career to fully concentrate on his hobby snowboarding in 2015. At that time, Beijing won the bid to host the 2022 Winter Games. “It was then 5. ______ I made up my mind to become a professional skier so I could participate in the Olympics,” Su told Titan Sports.Su started to ski at age 4, 6. ________ by his parents who are lovers of skiing. Su then 7. _________ (gradual) found his own passion for the sport. To practice, Su would get up early, finish his homework beforehand, and endure the pain of frostbite on his ears in the cold winter.His great efforts led him to be recruited by the national team in 2018 when he was 14. In recent years, Su 8. _______ (make) big breakthroughs time and again. He became the first Chinese athlete to achieve a Backslide Triple Cork 1620 Mute and a Cab 1800 in March 2020 and January 2021. In October, he completed a Backslide 1980 Indy Crail.From 1620 to 1980 sounds just like a change in number, but every 180 requires a lot of effort. With his big victory at the FIS World Cup, Su strengthened his place as one of the 9. _______ (bright) prospects in winter sports.Su also said that a rapid 10. _______ (grow) of the sport has consistently inspired him to go forward in the upcoming Games.【参考答案】1. professional2. to win3. a4. developing5. that6. influenced7. gradually8. has made9. brightest 10. growthPassage 3主题语境——人与社会——90后国潮设计师“变废为宝”制作精美头冠Do you know dried turnip can also be turned into a beautiful “flower” used to decorate headdresses? Wang Ping, 1. _____ photographer and stylist, has “the magic” to make this happen.Basically, to craft a headdress there are three 2. ______ (step). “First and foremost, I do a design drawing. Then, I prepare all the materials needed and construct the framework of the headwear,” Wang said. “The last step is to assemble all materials and paint.”The basic materials include iron wire, copper sheets, pearl, and fabric. 3. ________ (surprise), almost all of them are “waste” as they come from disused clothes. Wang said he had to throw away a lot of headwear and clothes that were out of fashion. “It’s indeed a waste and a loss,” Wang said. “So I decided to make the most out of these ‘waste materials’.”Wang takes them apart and collects the usable materials. “I try my best to design and make the headdresses 4. ______ an environmentally friendly way,” Wang added.Among all his work, 5. ________ (craft) the headdress made from dried turnip has been relatively simple as it just only uses several materials. But he is more passionate about making 6. ________ (tradition) Chinese phoenix coronets. Making one often takes from one week to up to several months as it uses up to over 30 types of materials. Moreover, the process of assembling is complicated, as he needs to place every item into the right position.7. ________ (present) the beauty of Chinese headdress, Wang has also learned how to make ancient clothes. So they can match with each other.Now, Wang is making clothing featuring a dragon. “The dragon has thousands of scales in different sizes. Every single scale should be embroidered with patterns,” Wang said. “It is estimated to take one year 8. _________ (complete).”As people are beginning to accept the growing trend of guochao, it is no wonder 9. _____ Wang’s work has gained much 10. __________ (popular). Wang usually posts videos about how he makes headdresses on Douyin. Within one year, he has attracted over 150,000 followers.【参考答案】1. a2. steps3. Surprisingly4. in5. crafting6. traditional7. To present8. to complete9. that10. popularityPassage 4主题语境——人与社会——你会为不够时尚而焦虑吗Li Meixi, 12, feels anxious about her looks – not her face, but her outfit. When she sees stylish people on the street, she avoids 1. ______ (run) into them. I am afraid that they think I am out of style. 2. ______ (shame) of my ordinary outfit, I feel like I don’t even deserve to walk on the same street with them.3. ______ Li is experiencing is fashion anxiety. It bothers many people today. Last month, a vlogger shared a video about her fashion anxiety on Sina Weibo and it quickly4. ______ (become) a hot topic.A big reason 5. _____ fashion anxiety is fashion bullying, experts said. As fashion magazines, advertisements and icons sport the “latest and greatest” trends, there’s a lot of pressure on people, especially 6. ______ (teenage), to follow them, no matter how expensive it might be. “The need to belong in groups is very important to young learners,” said Andy Cranham.Another reason some people might have fashion anxiety is that they lack 7. ______ sense of self-identity. It looks like we feel anxious about our outfits, but actually we are not confident enough. So we care about how fashionable people look at us. We 8. ______ (easy) doubt or even blame ourselves. The reality is that those people usually don’t notice us at all.Fashion trends come and go, always changing. Instead of rushing 9. ______ (follow) a trend, the key is to find your own style. If you’re able to wear something with confidence, you will be the one starting a trend. More importantly, an outfit is just a part of your image. It can’t tell the true you. What also 10. ______ (matter) is your personality and abilities.【参考答案】1. running2. Ashamed3. What4. became5. for6. teenagers7. a8. easily9. to follow10. mattersPassage 5主题语境——人与社会——毕加索：现代艺术的天才No painter before Pablo Picasso had enjoyed such a large following in his lifetime. Born on Oct 25, 1881, Picasso 1. ________ (create) more than 20,000 paintings, drawings, sculptures and other pieces of art by the time he died.That’s a long time to paint! The result is not only a lot of art, 2. ______ a lot of different phases in Picasso’s work. On its website, Christie’s auction house lists eight different periods in the course of his painting career.Over a century ago, the painter once said that, “Every act of creation is first of all 3. ______ act of destruction.” So the eight periods are all very different in their choice of subjects and yet unmistakably 4. ________ (draw) by Picasso’s hands. As his style changed over time, it became 5. ________ (simple). A common joke is that Picasso forgot how to paint. After all, he was classically trained at the School of Fine Arts in Barcelona.Now he is best known for leading an artistic 6. ________ (move) known as “Cubism”. It used geometric shapes to create human and animal figures. 7. _______ this method, Picasso tried to show his figures from multiple perspectives in two-dimensional space. For exampl e, a person’s left eye may be shown from straight ahead while his right eye and nose are shown from the side. The result is strange and beautiful, 8. ________ (frighten) and funny.Picasso often said that he admired primitive art and drawings made by child ren. “When I was their ageI could draw like Raphael, but it took me a lifetime 9. ________ (learn) to draw like children,” he said.Maybe that’s 10. ________ Picasso is still so popular. We look at his work and think, “Maybe I could do that!”【参考答案】1. had created2. but3. an4. drawn5. simpler6. movement7. With8. frightening9. to learn 10. whyPassage 5主题语境——人与社会——科技让作家写书更轻松Writing a book is a long and challenging process, but new technology is increasingly making 1. ________ easier for authors to finish their books.Michael Green, a US data scientist-turned-novelist, felt that technology could help him simplify the writing process. He said that the process had become difficult to manage: “In the midst of editing, I got to the point 2. ________ I started feeling like I had a lot of plots and characters,” he said.“I had all these documents on the deeper aspects of the world I was creating. I was worried about 3. ________ (be) able to keep track of it all. That’s when I switched into my more data science-minded approach 4. ________ solving a complex problem with a lot of different pieces.”Green went on to create Lynit, a digital platform to help authors plan and weave together the many elements that form a story, such as themes, characters, and major 5. ________ (event).“As the author gets a new idea that they want to bring into the story, they are able to input it into a 6. ________ (nature) framework,” he told the BBC. “Piece by piece, they’re adding to the story. As new ideas come in, they change, maybe by creating new interactions, new relationships.”Once the book has been published, technology is also playing 7. ______ ever-increasing role in publicity and connecting with readers. Websites and apps from specialist firms allow authors 8. ________ (participate) in live question-and-answer sessions with their audience.Michael Green believes technology 9. ________ (become) even more important as a new generation of writers mastering technology becomes more well-known. “What I’m finding with the Generation Z and even 10. ________ (young) writers is that they’re looking for technology to give them guidance,” he said.【参考答案】1. it2. where3. being4. to5. events6. natural7. an8. to participate9. will become 10. younger。