气体传感器——外文翻译

Aapplication [,æpli'keiʃən] n. 应用；BCCatalytic [kætə'litik]adj. 起催化作用的Coating ['kəutiŋ]n. 涂层Characterized adj. 以····为特点Cryogen n. 冷冻剂DDepleting [dɪ'pliːt] v. 用尽，耗尽；使减少detection [di'tekʃən]n.检测deionized [diː'aɪənaɪz] adj. 去离子的degassed vt. [diː'gæs] 脱气；除去瓦斯EEnhanced [in'hɑ:nst, -'hænst] v. 增强Ethylene ['eθɪliːn; -θ(ə)l-] n. 乙烯FGHIImpregnation n. 浸渍indicate ['indikeit]vt. 表明；isotherms ['aɪsə(ʊ)θɜːm] n. [气象] 等温线（isotherm的复数）JKLMMeasure ['meʒə] n.测量maintenance ['meintənəns] n. 维护NOPPorous ['pɔ:rəs,] adj. 多孔渗水的；能渗透的；有气孔的Powders ['paudəs] n. n. 粉；粉末Precipitation [pri,sipi'teiʃən] n. 沉淀，沉淀物prepared [pri'peəd] adj. 准备好的；精制的v. 准备（prepare的过去分词）potential [pəu'tenʃəl] n.潜力；poly ['pɒlɪ] polytechnic的缩写）工艺专科学校；科技学校；工业学校(或大学) propylene 英['prəʊpɪliːn] n. [有化] 丙烯QRrevealing [ri'vi:liŋ]v. 揭示；展现（reveal的ing形式）refrigerants [ri'fridʒərənts] n. 制冷剂复数形式SSensing ['sensiŋ]n. 传感；感觉Static ['stætik]adj. 静态的Significantly [sig'nifəkəntli] adv. 显著地stability [stə'biliti] n. 稳定性；sintering ['sɪntərɪŋ]v. 烧结sorption ['sɔːpʃ(ə)n] n. 吸附作用TTriblock 嵌段Transmittance [trænz'mɪt(ə)ns; trɑːnz-; -ns-] n. [光] 透射比UUndoped [ʌndəupt] adj 无掺杂的纯的Vvolumetric [,vɒljʊ'metrɪk] 体积的WXYZ词组gas sensing materials 气敏材料、noble metal 贵金属be characterized by 以·····为特征adsorption–desorption experiment [æd'sɔ:pʃən]- [di'sɔ:pʃən] 吸附解吸实验经典句型It is well known that Freon can damage the ozone layer which protects the earth from UV irradiation.专业术语nitrogenadsorption–desorption experiment名称缩写FT-IR傅里叶变换红外光谱学Fourier Transform Infrared SpectoscopyXRD 即X-ray diffraction 的缩写，X射线衍射，通过对材料进行X射线衍射，分析其衍射图谱，获得材料的成分、材料内部原子或分子的结构或形态等信息的研究手段。

气体传感器的分类气体传感器是一种用于检测和测量气体浓度和组成的设备。

根据其工作原理和应用领域的不同，可以将气体传感器分为几个主要分类。

1. 热导式传感器（Thermal Conductivity Sensors）热导式传感器是一种基于气体热导率的测量原理来检测气体浓度的传感器。

它包含两个热电阻，其中一个加热丝用于产生热量，另一个用于测量热量传导。

热导率与气体浓度成正比，因此通过测量热导率的变化可以得出气体浓度的信息。

热导式传感器广泛应用于气体分析仪、气体检测仪等领域。

2. 氧气传感器（Oxygen Sensors）氧气传感器是一种用于测量气体中氧气浓度的传感器。

它采用电化学原理，通过氧化还原反应来测量气体中氧气的浓度。

氧气传感器常用于医疗设备、环境监测、工业过程控制等领域，用于监测氧气浓度以确保安全和正常运行。

3. 气体浓度传感器（Gas Concentration Sensors）气体浓度传感器是一种用于测量气体浓度的传感器。

它可以测量各种气体的浓度，如二氧化碳、甲烷、一氧化碳等。

气体浓度传感器采用不同的技术，例如化学传感器、红外传感器、电化学传感器等。

这些传感器广泛应用于室内空气质量监测、工业安全、矿井监测等领域。

4. 气体压力传感器（Gas Pressure Sensors）气体压力传感器是一种用于测量气体压力的传感器。

它可以测量气体的绝对压力或相对压力。

气体压力传感器常用于工业自动化、气象观测、天然气输送等领域，用于监测和控制气体系统的压力。

5. 气体流量传感器（Gas Flow Sensors）气体流量传感器是一种用于测量气体流量的传感器。

它可以测量气体在管道或通道中的流动速度和体积。

气体流量传感器广泛应用于气体供应、燃气测量、气体流程控制等领域，用于监测和调节气体的流动。

气体传感器根据其工作原理和应用领域的不同可以分为热导式传感器、氧气传感器、气体浓度传感器、气体压力传感器和气体流量传感器。

Types of SensorsⅠ.Pressure sensorsModel FDS05-P Diffused Silicon Pressure Sensor: Tee intelligent industrial pressure sensor adopts the imported sensor of high quality. with great defending grade，it can work in any caustic condition. By linking external , linking external canola，it can measure the temperature of the medium with high temperature. It is stable and capable of limiting current in positive direction and protecting in negative direction. It is with the ability of intelligent temperature and linearity compensation with the temperature of一40℃~+ 140℃.It is widely used in petrifaction ,metallurgy, electric power and light spinning.Ⅱ.Load cell &torque sensorsSuspended arm type Bx5: Its elastomeric adopts cutting (or curved) hanging girder configuration, so it is low in height and with high configuration intensity. It is good against fatigue and eccentricity. It is stable and reliable in product performances，high in precision, and convenient in mount-up and use. It is suitable for force measurement and weighting such as strap balance, chute balance, flat balance and ground balance .Loading type: pull ox push .Ⅲ.Temp& hum sensorsMote MSTB Temperature Transducer: A sensor module is fitted in the temperature trans-ducker’s terminal block，which uses a specific chip to magnify and has linearization approach to improve the measurement precision .Tie cold junction needs no compensation. Sa it is with high direct load capacity , large transfer distance and strong ability of ants-external interference。

汽车传感器中英文曲轴转速传感器 crankshaft sensor凸轮轴位置传感器 camshaft sensor节气门位置传感器 throttle position sensor爆震传感器 knock sensor (or detonation sensor)进气温度传感器 intake air temperature sensor进气歧管绝对压力传感器manifold absolute pressure sensor (manifold vacuum sensor) 空气流量计 air flow sensor质量型空气流量传感器 air mass sensor加速踏板位置传感器 accelerator pedal position sensor轮速传感器 wheel speed sensor车速传感器 vehicle speed sensor空气传感器 air sensor环境温度传感器 ambient sensor大气压力传感器 barometric pressure sensor双金属式温度传感器 bimetallic sensor增压器传感器 boost sensor冷却水温传感器 coolant temperature sensor曲轴传感器 crank sensor碰撞传感器 crash sensor (or impact sensor)汽缸传感器 cylinder sensor排气再循环功能传感器 erg function sensor发动机转速传感器 engine speed sensor发动机温度传感器 engine temperature sensor离地间隙传感器 ground clearance sensor霍尔效应传感器 hall-effect sensor霍尔传感器 hall sensor加热式氧传感器 heated exhaust gas oxygen sensor热氧传感器 heated oxygen sensor侧向加速度感测器 lateral acceleration sensor车内传感器 in-car sensor歧管空气温度感测器 manifold air temperature sensor进气温度传感器 manifold charge temperature sensor进气歧管温度传感器 manifold surface temperature sensor 机油油位传感器 oil level sensor机油压力传感器 oil pressure sensor大气压力传感器 atmospheric pressure sensor压差传感器 pressure differential sensor基准传感器 reference mark sensor转向压力传感器 steering pressure sensor开关传感器 switching sensor叶轮空气温度传感器 vane air temperature sensor可变磁阻传感器 variable reluctance sensor车轮滑动传感器 wheel slip sensor横摆传感器 yaw sensor热膜传感器 hot-film sensor燃油压力传感器 fuel pressure sensor (regulator)上止点传感器 TDC sensor轮胎气压传感器 tire pressure sensor防抱死制动传感器 anti-lock brake sensor差速防滑传感器 differential antiskid sensor背压[排气压力]传感器back pressure transducer堵塞报警传感器 clog warning sensor燃料成分传感器 fuel composition sensor(燃油系)燃油不足[低限]传感器 fuel low—level sensor玻璃破裂传感器 glass breakage sensor(悬架)调平[高度]传感器 leveling sensor液面[位]传感器 level sensor灯光故障传感器 light failure sensor负[载]荷传感器 load sensor主氧传感器 main oxygen sensor相位传感器 phase sensor光电传感器 photo(electric)sensor催化转化器前氧传感器 pre-catalyst lambda probe(刮水器)雨滴传感器 raindrop sensor(悬架)行驶高度传感器ride-height sensor车内温度传感器 room temperature sensor安全传感器 safety sensor副氧传感器(装在催化转化器出口后面) sub-oxygen sensor 悬架位移传感器 suspension sensor油箱(贮液罐]液面[位]传感器 tank-level sensor转[扭]矩传感器 torque sensor燃油水分传感器 water in-fuel detector[sensor]磨损传感器 wear sensor空气滤清器堵塞报警传感器 air filter clog warning sensor 车距传感器 distance sensor停车传感器 park sensor变速范围传感器 transmission range sensor。

SnO2Gas Sensing Array for Combustible and Explosive Gas Leakage RecognitionDae-Sik Lee,Duk-Dong Lee,Sang-Woo Ban,Minho Lee,and Youn Tae KimAbstract—A gas-sensing array with ten different SnO2sensors was fabricated on a substrate for the purpose of recognizing various kinds and quantities of indoor combustible gas leakages, such as methane,propane,butane,LPG,and carbon monoxide, within their respective threshold limit value(TLV)and lower explosion limit(LEL)range.Nano-sized sensing materials with high surface areas were prepared by coprecipitating SnCl4with Ca and Pt,while the sensing patterns of the SnO2-based sensors were differentiated by utilizing different additives.The sensors in the sensor array were designed to produce a uniform thermal distribution along with a high and differentiated sensitivity and reproducibility for low concentrations ing the sensing signals of the array,an electronic nose system was then applied to classify and identify simple/mixed explosive gas leakages.A gas pattern recognizer was implemented using a neuro-fuzzy network and multi-layer neural network,including an error-back-propagation learning algorithm.Simulation and experimental results confirmed that the proposed gas recognition system was effective in identifying explosive and hazardous gas leakages.The electronic nose in conjunction with a neuro-fuzzy network was also implemented using a digital signal processor (DSP).Index Terms—Explosive gas leakage,neuro-fuzzy network, sensor array,tin oxide.I.I NTRODUCTIONR ECENTLY,as the usage of LNG and LPG gas has increased,the frequency of accidental explosions due to leakage has sharply increased.Therefore,the ability to monitor and precisely measure leakages of combustible and explosive gases is crucial in preventing the occurrence of such accidents. Accordingly,the development of sensors and systems that can selectively detect and determine various kinds and quantities of combustible gases within the ranges of the lower explosion limits(LELs)and threshold limit values(TLVs)is urgently needed.There have already been various reports on the use of different kinds of metal oxide sensors for detecting combustible gases[1].Furthermore,to overcome the poor selectivity, humidity interference,and long-term drift of a sensor signal, studies have also been conducted to develop an electronic nose with sensor array systems consisting of various sensing mate-Manuscript received August14,2001;revised May21,2002.The associate editor coordinating the review of this letter and approving it for publication was Dr.H.Troy Nagle.D.-S.Lee and Y.T.Kim are with the Bio-MEMS team,Electronics and Telecommunication Research Institute(ETRI),Taejon,Korea (e-mail:dslee@etri.re.kr).D.-D.Lee,S.-W.Ban,and M.Lee are with the School of Electronic& Electrical Engineering,Kyungpook National University,Taegu,Korea(e-mail: ddlee@ee.knu.ac.kr).Publisher Item Identifier10.1109/JSEN.2002.800685.(a)(b)Fig.1.(a)Process sequence for sensing materials and(b)fabrication of sensorarray.rials,such as metal oxides,electrochemical sensors,conductingpolymers,field effect transistor devices,surface acoustic wavedevices,and hybrid sensor arrays[2]–[6].For continuous usage without relearning,an electronic noserequires individual sensors with a high reliability,stability,andsensitivity.However,sensor responses tend to drift significantlywhen sensors are used over a long time period,resulting inpoor selectivity and redundant pattern recognition.Therefore,the fabrication of more reliable and stable sensors,or adjustmentof the pattern recognition routine according to variations in thesensor response is needed[3].Accordingly,the current studysynthesizes nano-sized tin oxide materials using the coprecip-itation method and fabricates a sensor array with ten kinds ofthick-film sensors on a substrate.1530-437X/02$17.00©2002IEEE/Ca,Pt powder was used as the basematerial.To prepare the raw materials,a solution containingSnClCOCa O and,H O was copre-cipitated by controlling the pH.The powder was then washed,dried,and calcined in an electric furnace at 600to reduce the grain size and enhance the gas-sensing prop-erties of the ing this powder as the base material,ten kinds of sensing materials with different additives,i.e.,none,Pt(1wt.%),La(5wt.%),CuO (5wt.%),Pd (3wt.%),Sc (3wt.%),TiO (10wt.%),ZnO (1wt.%),and Pd(3)(1wt.%),were uniformly mixed to modify the sen-sitivity spectrum of the sensors,based on previous results [8].The process sequence is shown in Fig.1(a).The sequential process used to fabricate the sensor array is shown in Fig.1(b).The sensing films were all prepared using the silk printing technique.After being simultaneously deposited by silk printing,the sensing films were then annealed at 8001.2cmC.Thesensor signals were transferred to a test system and monitored using a personal computer in a testing chamber.The microstructure of the basic sensing-film was investigated using a transmission electron microscope (TEM)and X-ray diffraction (XRD),while a voltage detecting method wasusedFig.2.Photograph of fabricated sensorarray.Fig.3.Crystalline size of SnObase powders as a function ofCH100(%)whereandare the electrical resistances in explosive gas and humid air,respectively.(a)(b)(c)(d)(e)Fig.5.Response of fabricated sensors array to four combustible gases;(a)methane,(b)butane,(c)propane,(d)carbon monoxide,and(e)LPG.III.R ESULTS AND D ISCUSSIONA.Microstructure and Gas-Sensing Characteristics of SnO/Pt,Ca powders as a function of the an-nealing temperature revealed that the peak patterns followed the tetragonal structure(JCPDS card no.41-1445)of the commer-cial powder(99.9%,Aldrich Co.).Xu et al.demonstrated that SnOpowders as a function of the heating temperature in the case of adding Ca and/or Pt at 0.1wt.%was measured by TEM analyzes,as shown in Fig.3, which revealed that Ca suppressed the grain growth of the SnO/Ca(0.1wt%)exhibited the smallest grain size of6nm under600/Ca(0.1wt%)and SnO-based thick films to gases can be modulated as a function of temperature.Plus,small water molecules are also known to appear on the surface of SnO C[11].Therefore,the operating tem-perature for the sensors in the array was set at400C,as shown in Fig.4.To prepare the various concentrations,the pure gases to be tested was injected by a syringe to a chamber with the volume of10liter and mixed the gases evenly with the atmo-spheric air using a small fan.SnO/Pt,Ca(0.1wt.%)was finally used as the base material for the sensor array.The operating temperature of the sensors in the array was set at400-Based Thick Film Sensors for Combustible GasesIt is known that the sensitivity of SnO-based thick-film sensors to combustible gases(methane,propane,butane,LPG,and carbon monoxide)within a concentration range of0C is shown in Fig.5.The sensors exhibited a good sensitivity and linearity to the combustible gas concentration. All the SnOC.sensors in the sensor array.Accordingly,the ability of thesensor array to recognize various kinds and quantities of combustible gases was determined to range from0,WOObase material,while the other sensingmaterials showed a lower sensitivity to methane compared tothe base material.Similarly,those materials,including V,TiOO,Sc,Z n O,o r P d,w e r e m o r e s e n s i t o p r o p a n e o r b u t a n e t h a n t h e p u r e S n OFig.8.PCA results of sensing data obtained from sensor array.materials were less sensitive.For carbon monoxide,the sensingmaterials,including V,La ,Z n O ,P d ,W O .A c c o r d i n g l y ,t h e n o b l e m e t a l o r o x i d e a d d i t i v e s a p p e a r e dt o c o n f e r d i f f e r e n t i a t e d s e n s i t i v i t y p a t t e r n s o n t h e S n OC i s s h o w n i nF i g .6.H e r e ,t h e g a s r e a c t i o n b e g a n t o s a t u r a t e w i t h i n 33m i n ,i n s i t u .T h e s e n s o r s a l s o e x h i b i t e d v a r i o u s g a s -s e n s i n g c u r v e s a c c o r d i n g t o t h e k i n d o f a d d i t i v e .W a t e r m o l e c u l e s a r e k n o w n t o i n t e r f e r e w i t h t h e s e n s i t i v i t yo f g a s s e n s o r s .B a s e d o n p r e v i o u s r e s u l t s i n d i c a t i n g t h e a p p e a r -a n c e o f s m a l l w a t e r m o l e c u l e s o n t h e s u r f a c e o f S n O C [11],[12],t h e r e s p o n s e o f t h e s e n s o r s t o 500p p m o f L P G w a s i n v e s t i g a t e d ,a s s h o w n i n F i g .7.O n l y a m i n i m a l a m o u n t o f i n t e r f e r e n c e w i t h t h e s e n s i t i v i t y w a s o b s e r v e d a t a ne l e v a t e d t e m p e r a t u r e of 400C w o u l d m i n i m i z e t h e i n t e r f e r i n g e f f e c t o f w a t e r o n t h es e n s i n g p r o p e r t i e s o f t h e s e n s o r s .T h e p o s s i b i l i t y o f c l a s s i f y i n g v a r i o u s k i n d s a n d q u a n t i t i e s o fs i m p l e /m i x e d c o m b u s t i b l e g a s e s c a n b e a c h i e v e d u s i n g a p r i n -c i p a l c o m p o n e n t a n a l y s i s (P C A )t h a t m a p s m u l t i -d i m e n s i o n a l d a t a o n t o t w o -o r t h r e e -d i m e n s i o n a l a x e s w i t h a m i n i m u m l o s s o f i n f o r m a t i o n .A f t e r t h e d a t a o b t a i n e d f r o m t h e e x p e r i m e n t a l r e s u l t s w a s m e a s u r e d u s i n g f o u r r e p e t i t i v e x p e r i m e n t ,i t w a s t r a n s p o s e d o n t o t w o a x e s ,a s s h o w n i n F i g .8,t h e r e b y d e m o n -F i g .9.A r c h i t e c t u r e o f p r o p o s e d t w o -s t e p r e c o g n i t i o n s y s t e ms t r a t i n g t h e a b i l i t y t o r o u g h l y c l u s t e r p o i n t s a c c o s p e c i e s a n d q u a n t i t y.H o w e v e r ,i t w a s d i f f i c u l t t o c1000p p m o f p r o p a n e a n d 500p p m o f b u t a n e d u e t o t p r o x i m i t y t o e a c h o t h e r.T h e r e f o r e ,t o p r e c i s e l y c l w i t h s i m i l a r c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s a n d o v e r c o m e s t a t i s t i a g a s p a t t e r n r e c o g n i z e r u s i n g a m u l t i -l a y e r n e u r a l e m p l o y e d a l o n g w i t h a n e r r o r -b a c k -p r o p a g a t i o n l e r i t h m .C .I m p l e m e n t a t i o n o f G a s P a t t e r n R e c o g n i z e r a n d R e c o g n i t i o n S y s t e m F i g .9s h o w s t h e s t r u c t u r e o f t h e p r o p o s e d g a s m e s y s t e m ;t h e s t r u c t u r e o f t h e n e u r a l n e t w o r k a s t h e g a n d t h e s t r u c t u r e o f t h e n e u r o -f u z z y n e t w o r k a s t c e n t r a t i o n r e c o g n i z e r.T h a t i s ,t h e p r o p o s e d c o m r e c o g n i t i o n s y s e m i n c l u d e s t w o p a t t e r n a n a l y z e r n e t w o r k w a s i p l em e n t e d t o i d e n t i f y t h e k i n d o frepresents the center values of the output vir-tual membership functions,which is determined by considering the sensor characteristics(a)(b)(c)(d)(e)Fig.11.Examples of combustible gas classification results based on learning data (left side:sensitivity of sensor array,right side:classification results);(a)methane 250ppm,(b)butane 1000ppm,(c)propane 500ppm,(d)LPG 3000ppm,and (e)carbon monoxide 3000ppm.As shown in Table I,the neuro-fuzzy gas concentration recog-nizer generated correct recognition results for the learning data with additive random noise of about 5%.As shown in Table II,the neuro-fuzzy network for the gas concentration recognizer exhibited good generalization results for the test data.As shown in Tables I and II,the average errors for the recognition results wereusually10%.These experimental results are very reasonable because a variation in the sensitivities of the sensor array and the low-res-olution representation of the sensitivity can generate variationsin the sensitivities of the sensors ofabout-gas sensing array system with a neuro-fuzzy pattern recognizer was implemented as an electronic nose system for monitoring leakages of combustible and explosive gases.SnOC to reduce the water interference on the sensors.Ten SnOTABLE IM EASUREMENT R ESULTS FOR G AS C ONCENTRATIONS U SED TO T RAINN EURO -F UZZY NETWORKTABLE IIM EASUREMENT R ESULTS FOR G AS C ONCENTRATIONS NOT U SED TO T RAINN EURO -F UZZY NETWORKeral additives,including Pt,Pd,Au,CuO,La ,Sc ,TiO,or ZnO,were mixed with the base material.The resulting sensor array exhibited high and selective sensitivities to low gas concentrations at 400,”Sens.Actuators B ,vol.1,pp.93–96,1990.[4] D.-D.Lee and D.-S.Lee,“Environmental gas sensors,”IEEE Sensors ,vol.1,pp.214–224,Oct.2001.[5]K.C.Persaud,S.M.Khaffaf,J.S.Payne,D.H.Lee,and H.G.Byun,“Sensor array techniques of mimicking the mammalian olfactory system,”Sens.Actuators B ,vol.35-36,pp.267–273,1996.[6]C.-F.Mandenius,T.Eklov,and I.Lundstrom,“Sensor fusion with on-line gas emission multisensor arrays and standard process measuring devices in Baker’s yeast manufacturing process,”Biotechnol.Bioeng.,vol.55,no.2,pp.427–238,1997.[7]Y .H.Hong and D.D.Lee,“Gas sensing characteristics of SnO,H ,”S u r f .S c i .,v o l .86,p p .335–343,1979.[13]M .L e e ,S .-Y.L e e ,a n d C .-H .P a r k ,“N e u r o -f u z z y i d e n t it r o l l e r s ,”J .I n t e l l .F u z z y S y s t .,v o l .2,p p .1–14,1994.[14]S .H a y k i n ,N e u r a l N e t w o r k s ;A C o m p r e h e n s i v e F o u n d a t i o n.New York:Macmillan,1994.[15] D.-S.Lee,J.-W.Lim,J.-S.Huh,H.-G.Byun,and D.-D.Lee,“An electricnose for recognizing combustible gases using thick film sensor array and neural network,”in Electron.Noses Olfaction 2000,J.W.Gardner and K.C.Persaud,Eds.London,U.K.:IOP,2000,pp.107–113.。

FEATURES:The GasPoint transmitter provides a 4-20 mA output signal that can be technology and microcontroller based operation, the GasPoint provides continuous monitoring of hazardous gases.The GasPoint transmitter can accept any GasPoint sensor type:arefi eld-interchangeable.Full function sensor integrity test (auto) continuously advises gassensing ability and life endedNon-intrusive, one-person calibration with auto zero andauto spanEquipped with three 5-amp relay contacts—two gas alarm relays(low/high) and fault alarm. Field-selectable normally energized/de-energized and latching/non-latching alarm relay functions.Two backlit alphanumeric LCDs advise all environmental and gashazard conditions as well as instrument and sensor statusaway; combustible sensors over 1,550 ft./475 m. Kit can be installed at any time.Alarm setpoints displayed on demand—simply press the external buttonField programmable alarm levelsBacklight (auto) in low light conditions and alarm Extensive fault diagnostics2-way digital communication using MODBUS moduleOne Transmitterwith interchangeable electrochemical, infrared and catalytic plug-in sensorsR ATINGS AND C ERTIFICATIONS :Locally distributed by:n Class I, Div. 1, Groups B, C, D (LEL and IR models)Class I, Div. 1, Groups B, C, D; Class II, Div. 1, Groups E, F, G (toxic models only)Explosion-proof: ANSI/ISA: UL 1203; CSA: C22.2 No 30Combustible Performance Standards: ANSI/ISA: ISA-S12.13; CSA: C22.2 No 152S PECIFICATIONSM ONITOR : 3-wire, 4-20 mA gas transmitter with advanced microcontroller-based circuitryPower Input: 12 to 32 volts DCOutput Current:Normal Operation: Isolated linear 4-20 mA output Calibration Mode: Steady 3 mA (auto reset to normal operation)Fault Mode: 2 mA signal (and less) Power Consumption:Toxic Versions: 40 mA at 24 VDC Combustible Version: 100 mA at 24 VDCRelays: 50 mA per relay at 24 VDC S ENSORS : Plug-in, smart sensorsDetection Type:Combustible gases: catalytic or IR; Toxic gases and Oxygen: electrochemical Self-Test::Automatic daily self-test of sensor integrity and sensor life Relative Humidity:5 to 95% RH non-condensingDrift:Zero: <5% per year; Span: <10% per year*Factory default setting**Note: Cl 2 not rated for Class I, Div. 1C ALIBRATION :Non-intrusive, via pushbuttonAuto zero and auto spanD ISPLAYS :Two backlit liquid crystal displaysLCD 1 3-digit continuous readout of the gas present (ppm, % LEL or %v/v)LCD 2 Alphanumeric diagnostic status display Alarm Setpoints: Two setpoints: user-selectableR ELAY C ONTACTS :Three SPDT relays; 5 amps at 250 VACLOW/HIGH: Field selectable for normally energized/de-energized and latching/ non-latchingFAULT: Normally energized and non-latchingT RANSMISSION R ANGES : Relay contacts not considered. (For ranges with relays see manual.)1 Large, backlit LCD readout of gas concentration2 Alphanumeric LCD showing transmitter STATUS and diagnostics3 Non-intrusive calibration via simple pushbutton4 Interchangeable sensor types: LEL (catalytic or IR), toxic gas or oxygen with common transmitter assembly5 Three relays: two gas alarm relays, one fault relayDUE TO ONGOING RESEARCH AND PRODUCT IMPROVEMENT, SPECIFICATIONS ARE SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE.C ONTROLS :Calibration: Non-intrusive via external pushbuttonAlarm Setpoints: Simple up/down pushbuttons with LCD readout of setpoints P HYSICAL :Size: 6.8 x 7 x 4.3 inches / 17 x 17.8 x 10.8 cm (approx.)Weight: 4.85 lb. / 2.2 kg (approx.)Transmitter:Nema 4, explosion-proof, anodized aluminum enclosure with mounting fl anges Sensor: Stainless steel enclosureW ARRANTY : Instrument: 2 years non-prorated; Sensor: 2 years full replacement warranty43。

Technical Information（C a t a l y t i c T y p e G a s S e n s o r）Model ＮC－300S(Single Header Type)For Industrial Application深圳市深国安电子科技有限公司地址：广东省深圳市龙华新区牛栏前大厦Ｃ５０７ 蒋小姐：１３４　２８７６　２６３１ 电话：８６　７５５－８５２５８９００网址：ｗｗｗ．ｓｉｎｇｏａｎ．ｃｏｍ ｗｗｗ．ｓｉｎｇｏａｎ．ｃｏｍ．ｃｎ ｗｗｗ．ｓｈｅｎｇｕｏａｎ．ｃｏｍ1.GeneralCatalytic type gas sensor NC series were developed for industrial applications, and NC-300S is a single header type gas sensor for general combustible gases. Shape, supply voltage and current are compatible with other sensor, however reliability, repeatability, stability and responsibility are quite superior to others, additionally the durability in strict circumstance are quite excellent. Features and typical applications are as follows.2.Features and applications1)Features・Good stability・Excellent repeatability and detection accuracy・Good linearity against gas concentration・Quick response・Down sizing for design flexibility of gas alarm or detector2)Applications・Fixed type gas alarm or detector for general combustible gases・Gas densitometer3.Ratings1)Supply voltage to sensor AC 2.0 +/- 0.1V(50－60Hz)DC 2.0 +/- 0.1V2)Current (when 2.0V is supplied) AC 300 +/- 20mA(50－60Hz)DC 300 +/- 20mA3)Ambient temperature and humidity in operationTemperature -20 - +60 degree CHumidity Less than 95%RH(without dew condensation)4)Ambient temperature and humidity in storageTemperature -30 - +70 degree CHumidity Less than 99%RH(without dew condensation)5)Detection range 0 – around 60%LELLower accuracy over 60%LEL(Except acetylene)4.Specification1)Zero offset value in air 0 +/- 30mV(without trimming resistor)2)Minimum sensitivity 40mV/1% of methane3)Response time Less than 8 sec. at T90Less than 3 sec. at T504)Linearity Effectively linear to 60%LEL5)Detection accuracy +/- 1%LEL深圳市深国安电子科技有限公司地址：广东省深圳市龙华新区牛栏前大厦Ｃ５０７ 蒋小姐：１３４　２８７６　２６３１ 电话：８６　７５５－８５２５８９００网址：ｗｗｗ．ｓｉｎｇｏａｎ．ｃｏｍ ｗｗｗ．ｓｉｎｇｏａｎ．ｃｏｍ．ｃｎ ｗｗｗ．ｓｈｅｎｇｕｏａｎ．ｃｏｍ6) Span drift Less than 1%LEL/month 7) Zero offset drift Less than 0.5%LEL/month 8) Warranty period 24 months 5.Appearance and dimensionFig. 1 : Appearance and dimensions6. Measuring circuit diagramI n p u t (+)I n p u t (G N D )Fig. 2 : Recommended circuit diagram (R1, 2 : 200ohm, VR1 : 3Kohm)7. Gas sensitivity characteristics深圳市深国安电子科技有限公司地址：广东省深圳市龙华新区牛栏前大厦Ｃ５０７ 网址：ｗｗｗ．ｓｉｎｇｏａｎ．ｃｏｍ ｗｗｗ．ｓｉｎｇｏａｎ．ｃｏｍ．ｃｎ ｗｗｗ．ｓｈｅｎｇｕｏａｎ．ｃｏｍ蒋小姐：１３４　２８７６　２６３１ 电话：８６　７５５－８５２５８９００Fig. 3 : Gas sensitivity characteristics8.Temperature dependence at 60%RHFig. 4 : Temperature dependence of zero offset深圳市深国安电子科技有限公司地址：广东省深圳市龙华新区牛栏前大厦Ｃ５０７ 网址：ｗｗｗ．ｓｉｎｇｏａｎ．ｃｏｍ ｗｗｗ．ｓｉｎｇｏａｎ．ｃｏｍ．ｃｎ ｗｗｗ．ｓｈｅｎｇｕｏａｎ．ｃｏｍ蒋小姐：１３４　２８７６　２６３１ 电话：８６　７５５－８５２５８９００Fig. 5 : Temperature dependence of relative sensitivity to methane9.Humidity dependenceFig. 6 : Humidity dependence of zero offset(at 25 degree C)深圳市深国安电子科技有限公司地址：广东省深圳市龙华新区牛栏前大厦Ｃ５０７ 网址：ｗｗｗ．ｓｉｎｇｏａｎ．ｃｏｍ ｗｗｗ．ｓｉｎｇｏａｎ．ｃｏｍ．ｃｎ ｗｗｗ．ｓｈｅｎｇｕｏａｎ．ｃｏｍ蒋小姐：１３４　２８７６　２６３１ 电话：８６　７５５－８５２５８９００Fig.7 : Humidity dependence of relative sensitivity to methane10.Long term stabilityFig. 8 : Long term stability of relative sensitivity to methane11.Sensitivity distributionFig. 9 : Sensitivity distribution深圳市深国安电子科技有限公司地址：广东省深圳市龙华新区牛栏前大厦Ｃ５０７ 网址：ｗｗｗ．ｓｉｎｇｏａｎ．ｃｏｍ ｗｗｗ．ｓｉｎｇｏａｎ．ｃｏｍ．ｃｎ ｗｗｗ．ｓｈｅｎｇｕｏａｎ．ｃｏｍ蒋小姐：１３４　２８７６　２６３１ 电话：８６　７５５－８５２５８９００12.Relative sensitivity(In case that sensitivity to methane is 100.)Gas/Vapor Chemical formula LEL (%) Relative sensitivityStd. Methane CH4 5.0 1001 Acetone (CH3)2CO 2.6 602 Ethanol C2H5OH 3.3 703 Ethyl acetate CH3COOC2H5 2.2 604 Ethylene C2H4 2.7 855 Hydrogen H2 4.0 1106 Iso-propanol CH3-C2H4OH 2.2 607 Methanol CH3OH 6.7 1008 Methyl ethyl ketone CH3-CO-C2H5 1.9 459 N-butane C4H10 1.8 7010 N-heptane C7H16 1.05 5511 N-hexane C6H14 1.2 6512 N-pentane C5H12 1.4 7013 Propane C3H8 2.1 7514 N-octane C8H18 0.95 5015 Toluene C6H5CH3 1.2 6016 Ammonia NH3 15.0 13017 Carbon monoxide CO 12.5 11018 Unleaded petrol 1.2 65Remarks)If other data are required, please contact us since sensitivity of many combustible gases except bad smell, dangerous, poisonous and high boiling temperature materials over 120 degree C are available for investigations.13. Durability1)Exposure in hydrogen sulfideTest conditionsSensors were exposed in 50%LEL of methane and 25ppm of hydrogen sulfide for 1hr. at normal temperature and humidity.No.Before test (mV) After test (mV)Zero offset Relative sensitivity to CH4 Zero offset Relative sensitivity toCH41 5.6 100 6.8 992 21.2 100 22.8 973 -17.9 100 -15.4 924 0.2 100 2.2 945 27.9 100 29.1 92深圳市深国安电子科技有限公司地址：广东省深圳市龙华新区牛栏前大厦Ｃ５０７ 蒋小姐：１３４　２８７６　２６３１ 电话：８６　７５５－８５２５８９００网址：ｗｗｗ．ｓｉｎｇｏａｎ．ｃｏｍ ｗｗｗ．ｓｉｎｇｏａｎ．ｃｏｍ．ｃｎ ｗｗｗ．ｓｈｅｎｇｕｏａｎ．ｃｏｍ2)Exposure in HMDSTest conditionsSensors were exposed in 50%LEL of methane and 10ppm of HMDS for 1hr. at normal temperatureand humidity.No.Before test (mV) After test (mV)Zero offset Relative sensitivity to CH4 Zero offset Relative sensitivity to CH41 11.0 100 11.6 642 14.4 100 14.7 603 22.9 100 22.6 684 12.7 100 13.7 765 -19.4 100 -17.1 753)Exposure in high concentration of methaneTest conditionsSensors were exposed in 8% (160%LEL) of methane at normal temperature and humidity for 1hr.No.Before test (mV) After test (mV)Zero offset Relative sensitivity to CH4 Zero offset Relative sensitivity to CH41 -3.6 100 -1.3 982 -18.1 100 -16.2 1013 -10.7 100 -8.5 944 14.8 100 16.5 925 28.3 100 30.4 944)Drop testTest conditionsSensors were dropped from the height of 30cm onto the wood board of 3cm thickness with free fallby 3 times.No.Before test (mV) After test (mV)Zero offset Relative sensitivity to CH4 Zero offset Relative sensitivity to CH41 7.1 100 8.8 99-8.3 100 -8.8 100 23-5.4 100 -5.2 103-1.3 100 -1.2 100 4-2.0 100 -0.5 102 55)Vibration testTest conditionsVibration which is 10Hz with the 4mm of amplitude for 20min. to 3 directions of X, Y and Z wasadded to sensors at normal temperature and humidity.test(mV)testNo. Before(mV) After深圳市深国安电子科技有限公司地址：广东省深圳市龙华新区牛栏前大厦Ｃ５０７ 蒋小姐：１３４　２８７６　２６３１ 电话：８６　７５５－８５２５８９００网址：ｗｗｗ．ｓｉｎｇｏａｎ．ｃｏｍ ｗｗｗ．ｓｉｎｇｏａｎ．ｃｏｍ．ｃｎ ｗｗｗ．ｓｈｅｎｇｕｏａｎ．ｃｏｍZero offset Relative sensitivity to CH4 Zero offset Relative sensitivity to CH41 20.4 100 20.9 1002 11.8 100 12.7 1003 -11.6 100 -11.9 100-28.4 100 -29.4 100 45 0.3 100 1.4 1016)Storage in high temperature and humidityTest conditionsSensors were stored in 60 degree C, 90%RH for 1000hrs. without being energized.No.Before test (mV) After test (mV)Zero offset Relative sensitivity to CH4 Zero offset Relative sensitivity to CH41 24.8 100 26.3 992 21.9 100 23.2 953 18.4 100 20.0 954 14.4 100 15.6 975 2.5 100 2.4 997)Operation in high temperature and humidityTest conditionsSensors were energized in 60 degree C, 90%RH for 1000hrs.No.Before test (mV) After test (mV)Zero offset Relative sensitivity to CH4 Zero offset Relative sensitivity to CH41 24.1 100 25.1 972 3.2 100 2.7 953 -9.7 100 -10.3 954 12.5 100 13.2 955 17.7 100 18.1 918)Storage in low temperatureTest conditionsSensors were stored in -20 degree C for 1000hrs.No.Before test (mV) After test (mV)Zero offset Relative sensitivity to CH4 Zero offset Relative sensitivity to CH41 11.1 100 11.8 1002 18.5 100 18.3 973 20.9 100 21.7 974 -22.3 100 -23.5 955 2.2 100 3.0 9914. Evaluation method深圳市深国安电子科技有限公司地址：广东省深圳市龙华新区牛栏前大厦Ｃ５０７ 蒋小姐：１３４　２８７６　２６３１ 电话：８６　７５５－８５２５８９００网址：ｗｗｗ．ｓｉｎｇｏａｎ．ｃｏｍ ｗｗｗ．ｓｉｎｇｏａｎ．ｃｏｍ．ｃｎ ｗｗｗ．ｓｈｅｎｇｕｏａｎ．ｃｏｍ1.Test equipmentOutline of test equipment is as follows.Remarks on equipments)A)Test chamber・Material of test chamber is to be inactive like metal, glass or acrylic resin which does not exhale and adsorb gases.・V olume of test chamber is to be more than 1 litter per 1pc. of sensor.B)Circumstance・Clean circumstance is recommended as evaluation area. Dirty circumstance which contains combustible gases like organic solvent vapor is to be avoided.C)Gas densitometer・Laser gas densitometer is recommended, but volume method is available simply.D)Agitation in test chamber・Air agitation in test chamber is to be conducted carefully in order not to flow air to sensor directly. Air velocity to sensor is to be less than 0.5m/sec.E)Power supply・Both of AC power and DC power are available for sensor, however DC power supply is recommended for accurate evaluation.F)Digital volt meter・Since the impedance of sensor is fairly low, general digital volt meter having over 100kohm as input impedance is sufficiently available.G)Ventilation・Ventilator with ventilation capacity of over 10 times/min. of the volume of test chamber is recommended for the convenient evaluation.H)Installation position of sensor in test chamber深圳市深国安电子科技有限公司地址：广东省深圳市龙华新区牛栏前大厦Ｃ５０７ 蒋小姐：１３４　２８７６　２６３１ 电话：８６　７５５－８５２５８９００网址：ｗｗｗ．ｓｉｎｇｏａｎ．ｃｏｍ ｗｗｗ．ｓｉｎｇｏａｎ．ｃｏｍ．ｃｎ ｗｗｗ．ｓｈｅｎｇｕｏａｎ．ｃｏｍ・When the sensor is installed in test chamber, it should be careful that each sensor is to be in constant position because output signal changes in case that position of sensor changes. If the rough evaluation is carried out, such careful treatment is not necessary.2.Adjustment of gas concentrationAdjustment of gas concentration is to be conducted by volume method or by using laser gas densitometer. In case of volume method, gas volume to be injected into a chamber is obtained from the calculation formula below described.V m Vi C Tr Tc()l=++−･･102732736V: Gas volume to be injectedVi: V olume of test chamber（）m lTc: Temperature in test chamber（℃）Tr: Room temperature（℃）C: Target gas concentration (ppm)3.Evaluation methodA.Preliminary aging・Before evaluation of sensor, preliminary aging at rated voltage for over 1 hr. is recommended for accurate evaluation.B.Measurement・At first, output voltage in clean air is measured. It should be confirmed that output voltage has to be stable without fluctuation.・Output voltage is measured around 1min. later after the designated volume of gas is injected intoa test chamber.・Inside of test chamber should be substituted of clean air by ventilator.4.Notice on handling・Sensor is to be gently handled without adding shock or dropping.・Handling in a location which corrosive gases or poisonous gases exist is to be avoided.・Sensor does not have to be dipped in water.・Sensor does not have to be disassembled.・Do not cut pins in any case.・It has explosion proof structure, however it is recommended to be assembled in an approved body.深圳市深国安电子科技有限公司地址：广东省深圳市龙华新区牛栏前大厦Ｃ５０７ 网址：ｗｗｗ．ｓｉｎｇｏａｎ．ｃｏｍ ｗｗｗ．ｓｉｎｇｏａｎ．ｃｏｍ．ｃｎ ｗｗｗ．ｓｈｅｎｇｕｏａｎ．ｃｏｍ蒋小姐：１３４　２８７６　２６３１ 电话：８６　７５５－８５２５８９００。

. sensorssensors(English name: transducer/sensor) is a kind of detection device, can feel the measured information, and will feel information transformation according to certain rule become electrical signal output, or other form of information needed to satisfy the information transmission, processing, storage, display, record and control requirements.Sensor's features include: miniaturization, digital, intelligent, multi-functional, systematic and network. It is the first step of automatic detection and automatic control. The existence and development of the sensor, let objects have sensory, such as touch, taste and smell let objects become live up slowly. Usually according to its basic cognitive functions are divided into temperature sensor, light sensor, gas sensor, force sensor, magnetic sensor, moisture sensor, acoustic sensor, radiation sensitive element, color sensor and sensor etc. 10 major categories.temperature transducerTemperature sensors (temperature transducer) refers to can feel temperature translates into usable output signal of the sensor. The temperature sensor is the core part of the temperature measuring instrument, wide variety. According to measuring methods could be divided into two types: contact and non-contact, according to the sensor material and electronic component features divided into two categories, thermal resistance and thermocouple.1 principle of thermocoupleThermocouple is composed of two different materials of metal wire, the welded together at the end. To measure the heating part of the environment temperature, can accurately know the temperature of the hot spots. Because it must have two different material of the conductor, so called the thermocouple. Different material to make the thermocouple used in different temperature range, their sensitivity is also each are not identical. The sensitivity of thermocouple refers to add 1 ℃hot spot temperature changes, the output variation of potential difference. For most of the metal material support thermocouple, this value about between 5 ~ 40 microvolt / ℃.As a result of the thermocouple temperature sensor sensitivity has nothing to do with the thickness of material, use very fine material also can make the temperature sensor. Also due to the production of thermocouple metal materials have good ductility, the slight temperature measuring element has high response speed, can measure the process of rapid change.Its advantages are:(1)high precision measurement. Because of thermocouple direct contact with the object being measured, not affected by intermediate medium.(2)the measurement range. Commonly used thermocouple from 1600 ℃to 50 ℃ ~ + sustainable measurement, some special thermocouple minimum measurable to - 269 ℃ (e.g., gold iron nickel chrome), the highest measurable to + 2800 ℃ (such as tungsten rhenium).(3) simple structure, easy to use. Thermocouple is usually composed of two different kinds of metal wire, but is not limited by the size and the beginning of, outside has protective casing, so very convenient to use. The thermocouple type and structure of the form.2. The thermocouple type and structure formation(1)the types of thermocoupleThe commonly used thermocouple could be divided into two types: standard thermocouple and non-standard thermocouple. Standard thermocouple refers to the national standard specifies its thermoelectric potential and the relationship between temperature, permissible error, and a unified standard score table of thermocouple, it has with matching display instrument to choose from. Rather than a standard thermocouple or on the order of magnitude less than the range to use standardized thermocouple, in general, there is no uniform standard, it is mainly used for measurement of some special occasions.Standardized thermocouple is our country from January 1, 1988, thermocouple and thermal resistance of all production according to IEC international standard, and specify the S, B, E, K, R, J, T seven standardization thermocouple type thermocouple for our country unified design.(2)to ensure that the thermocouple is reliable, steady work, the structure of thermocouple requirements are as follows:①of the two thermocouple thermal electrode welding must be strong;②two hot electrode should be well insulated between each other, in case of short circuit;③compensation wires connected to the free cod of a thermocouple to convenient and reliable;④protect casing thermal electrodes should be able to make sufficient isolation and harmful medium.3.The thermocouple cold end temperature compensationDue to the thermocouple materials are generally more expensive (especiallywhen using precious metals), and the temperature measurement points are generally more far, the distance to the instrument in order to save materials, reduce cost, usually adopt the compensating conductor) (the free end of the cold junction of the thermocouple to the steady control of indoor temperature, connected to the meter terminals. It must be pointed out that the role of the thermocouple compensation wire extension hot electrode, so that only moved to the control room of the cold junction of the thermocouple instrument on the terminal, it itself does not eliminate the cold end temperature change on the influence of temperature, cannot have the compensation effect. So, still need to take some of the other correction method to compensate of the cold end temperature especially when t0 indicates influence on measuring temperature 0 ℃.Must pay attention to when using thermocouple compensating conductor model match, cannot be wrong polarity, compensation conductor should be connected to the thermocouple temperature should not exceed 100 ℃.传感器传感器（英文名称：transducer/sensor）是一种检测装置，能感受到被测量的信息，并能将感受到的信息，按一定规律变换成为电信号或其他所需形式的信息输出，以满足信息的传输、处理、存储、显示、记录和控制等要求。