2020届高考英语一轮复习语法专项突破9情态动词和虚拟语气含解析牛津译林版 414

解密08情态动词和虚拟语气考点详解【考纲解读】1. 考生应掌握can, could, may, might, must, will, would, shall, should, ought to, need, dare, be able to, used to 等情态动词的基本用法。

2. 考生应掌握虚拟语气在非真实条件句、名词性从句及其他句型中的运用。

【命题趋势】情态动词和虚拟语气为中学英语考纲要求的内容，并且是高考内容中的难点之一。

预计在以后的高考中，可能会对情态动词和虚拟语气进行考查，且还可能通过虚拟语气形式考查某种时态的某个形式。

考向1 情态动词一、can, could 与be able to1. 表示能力（体力、知识、技能）。

☞Can you lift this heavy box?（体力）☞Mary can speak three languages.（知识）☞Can you skate?（技能）此时可用be able to代替。

can只有一般现在时和一般过去式；而be able to则有更多的时态。

☞I’ll not be able to come this afternoon.当表示“经过努力才得以做成功某事”时应用be able to，不能用can。

如：☞He was able to go to the party yesterday evening in spite of the heavy rain.2. 表示请求和允许。

☞——Can I go now?——Yes, you can. / No, you can’t. 此时可与may互换。

在疑问句中还可用could, might代替，不是过去式，只是语气更委婉，不能用于肯定句和答语中。

☞——Could I come to see you tomorrow?—— Yes, you can. ( No, I’m afraid not. )3. 表示客观可能性（客观原因形成的能力）。

专题09情态动词和虚拟语气——精讲深剖单项选择1.（2019江苏卷）What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we _________a good time together.A. hadB. will haveC. would have hadD. had had【答案】C【解析】考查虚拟语气。

句意：真遗憾！你错过了这次观光，否则，我们本应该在一起度过一段愉快时光的。

根据上文，可知是对过去事情的虚拟，与过去事实相反的假设。

其句子结构为：从句：If+主语+过去完成时+其他，主句：主语+should(would, could, might)+现在完成时+其他，故选C。

2.（2019天津卷）The workers were not better organized, otherwise they ____________ the task in half the time.A. accomplishedB. had accomplishedC. would accomplishD. would have accomplished【答案】D【解析】考查虚拟语气。

句意：工人们没有被更好的组织起来，否则他们用一半的时间就能完成任务。

根据上句the workers were not better organized可知，这是对过去事情的虚拟。

与过去事实相反的假设。

其句子结构为：从句：If+主语+过去完成时+其他，主句：主语+should(would, could, might)+现在完成时+其他，故选D。

3．（2018天津卷）I can't find my purse. I it in the supermarket yesterday, but I'm not sure.A．should leave B．must have leftC．might leave D．could have left【答案】D。

课题北京清华大学附属中学朝阳学校高考英语一轮复习情态动词和虚拟语气复习教学目标知识与技能The students will be able to distinguish the different usages of the modal verbsand choose the correct form of subjunctive mood according to various contexts. 过程与方式The students are required to examine some sentences using the modal verbs andsubjunctive mood, and then try to find out the differences by themselves and laterlearn to make a conclusion.The students will begin to consolidate what they have found through variousexercises.The students are required to reflect what they have learnt in heart after class andthen re-think the exercises.感情态度与价值观The students will be more active in the process of learning English and moreconfident of their learning ability through inductive teaching methods.教学重点The different usages of the modal verbs; modal verbs + have done; the structures of the subjunctive mood教学难点How to guide them to find the differences and some similarities between them. 教学方式Self-study method, inductive method, practicing method, etc.教学用具The multi-media, Blackboard, worksheet课时放置 2 periods教学内容设计与反思板书设计:教学内容设计与反思Step 1 情态动词考题印证1．—Good morning. I've got an appointment with Miss Smith in the Personnel Departme nt.—Ah，good morning. You ________ be Mrs. Peters.A．might B．must C．would D．can2．—I haven't got the reference book yet，but I'll have a test on the subject next month. —Don't worry. You ________ have it by Friday.A．could B．shall C．must D．may3．—May I take this book out of the reading room?—No，you ________. You read it in here.A．mightn't B．won't C．needn't D．mustn't4．Jack described his father，who ________ a brave boy many years ago，as a strong-willed man.A．would be B．would have beenC．must be D．must have been情态动词的基本用法1．can 和could的用法(1)暗示惊讶，常用在否认句和疑问句中。

专题09 情态动词和虚拟语气——精讲深剖1. （ 2019 江苏卷） What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we ______________ a good time together.A. hadB. will haveC. would have hadD. had had【答案】 C【解析】考查虚拟语气。

句意：真遗憾！你错过了这次观光，否则，我们本应该在一起度过一段愉快时光的。

根据上文，可知是对过去事情的虚拟，与过去事实相反的假设。

其句子结构为：从句： If+ 主语 +过去完成时 +其他，主句：主语 +should（would, could, might）+ 现在完成时 +其他，故选 C。

2. （ 2019 天津卷） The workers were not better organized, otherwise they ___________________ the task inhalf the time.A. accomplishedB. had accomplishedC. would accomplishD. would have accomplished【答案】 D 【解析】考查虚拟语气。

句意：工人们没有被更好的组织起来，否则他们用一半的时间就能完成任务。

根据上句 the workers were not better organized 可知，这是对过去事情的虚拟。

与过去事实相反的假设。

其句子结构为：从句： If+ 主语 +过去完成时 +其他，主句：主语 +should（would, could, might）+ 现在完成时 +其他，故选 D。

3．（ 2018 天津卷） I can't find my purse. I it in the supermarket yesterday, but I'm notsure.A． should leave B ．must have leftC． might leave D． could have left【答案】 D。

专题08情态动词和虚拟语气考点聚焦高考英语对情态动词的考查主要集中考查情态动词的确切含义(表能力、表推测、表请求/建议/命令/允许/禁止/义务/责任、表必要性以及表意愿/决心等)和情态动词＋have done确切含义。

高考英语对虚拟语气的考查主要集中在if(包括省略if的)条件句、名词性从句以及在特殊句型中虚拟语气的应用上。

解情态动词题要做到：“合情”：正确理解句子，从说话者的角度去考虑问题，结合具体的语境来作答；“合理”：分析语境并确定应填情态动词的基本含义和推测含义；“不唯法”：不硬套基本规则，注意情态动词的特殊用法。

解虚拟语气题的方法：句型提示法：句型本身就提示要用虚拟语气；语境分析法：上下文所提供的语境要求要用虚拟语气。

情态动词考点1 情态动词的确切含义▲对can/could的考查①Although you _______ find bargains in London, it’s not generally a cheap place to shop.A. shouldB. needC. mustD. can【答案与解析】D。

should应该，竟然；need需要；must必须，一定；非得，偏偏；can能够，可能，有时会。

句意：尽管你有时可能会在伦敦找到便宜货，但总得说来那不是一个购物的便宜的地方。

根据句意可知can表示有时可能，有时会。

故D正确。

②(2016高考英语天津卷)It was really annoying; I _______ get access to the data bank you had recommended.A. wouldn’tB. couldn’tC. shouldn’tD. needn’t【答案与解析】B。

wouldn’t不愿意；couldn’t不能；shouldn’t不应该；needn’t不必。

故选B。

句意：这真是令人生气的；我不能进入你推荐的数据库。

语法专题七虚拟语气英语中有三种不同的语气：陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。

虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议，而不表示客观存在的事实。

考点一虚拟语气用于条件句中1．表示与现在事实相反：条件状语从句中谓语动词用一般过去时（be的过去式用were）；主句中谓语动词用would（should，could，might）＋动词原形。

If I were you，I would study hard.2．表示与过去事实相反：条件状语从句中谓语动词用had＋过去分词；主句中谓语动词用would（should，could，might）＋have＋过去分词。

If he had taken my advice，he would have passed the test.3．表示与将来的事实相反：条件状语从句中谓语动词用一般过去时或should＋动词原形或were to＋动词原形；主句中谓语动词用would（should，could，might）＋动词原形。

If it were to rain tomorrow，they would not go to the cinema.注意：1）if条件句中只要用了过去的时态就说明该句要使用虚拟语气。

2）if条件句中只出现一个表示与将来事实相反的情态动词should。

3）含有if条件句的虚拟语气中，主句都要用情态动词，且都可理解为过去式。

考点二wish宾语从句中的虚拟语气用法在wish后的宾语从句中，表示与现在或过去的事实相反，或对将来的主观愿望，从句中通常用虚拟语气。

从句中谓语动词的构成形式为：1．表示对现在情况的虚拟，从句中谓语动词用过去式（be动词一般用were）。

I wish it were spring now.2．表示对过去情况的虚拟，从句中谓语动词常用had＋过去分词。

I wish he had come yesterday.3．表示对将来的主观愿望，从句中动词常用would/could/might＋动词原形。

2020届高考英语一轮复习语法专项突破9《情态动词和虚拟语气》牛津译林版（含解析）情态动词和虚拟语气单句语法填空1、He __________well refuse to speak to you, because he's in low spirits.2、He__________ not have attended Jane’s birthday party,for he knew nothing about it.3、There is a great noise in their room. The couple __________be still quarreling at this time.4、You __________not pay too much attention to your reading skills,as they are so important.5、一I haven’t got the reference bo ok yet, but I'll have a test on thesubject next month.一Don’t worry. You __________have it by Friday.6、I __________not have watched that movie —it'll give me horrible dreams.7、—Where is my dictionary? I remember putting it here yesterday.—You __________(place) it in the wrong place.8、Samuel,the tallest boy in our class,__________easily reach the books on the top shelf.9、As one of your best friends,I__________(should know) that you were upset, butI didn’t. Sorry!10、When I lived in Canada, I __________(will) fish in a pond nearby on Sundays.11、If it__________(snow) tomorrow, the basketball matchwould be put off.12、一Did you go to the fashion show last week?—I __________(go), but I was fully occupied the whole week.13、If only I __________(have) more confidence in the English speech contest held last week!14、It was Mr Zhang that helped us out of the trouble. But for his help,we __________not have managed it so easily.15、They advocate the plan he was opposed to __________(discuss) in the next meeting.单句改错1、However, if we stress cooperation too much, there would he no progress.________________________________________________________________ _____2、Firstly,I’d like to show my appreciation to those who stand by me all the way, teachers, parents and friends included. Without their help or advice, my life will he different.________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____3、In my opinion, by doing part-time jobs, college students must gain some social experience and broaden their horizons.________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____4、Most importantly,all of us must believe in each other and been honest in our daily life.________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____5、She is the most honest person that I’ve ever seen. She mustn’t have taken your e-book without permission.________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____6、I must express myself more easily when I talk in Chinese than in English.________________________________________________________________ _____7、To keep fit,we ought take exercise every day.________________________________________________________________ _____8、A few years ago I might bring my wife to this place for dinner.________________________________________________________________ _____9、John’s grade on the test is the highest in his class and he should have studied last night.________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____10、Dare you to tell your parents about your school records?________________________________________________________________ _____11、If you worked hard then, you would be in the university now.________________________________________________________________ _____12、How I wish every student have a scientific and systematic study method!________________________________________________________________ _____13、It is required that all of us must be present at the meeting.________________________________________________________________ _____14、—Do you mind my opening the window?—Well, I’d rather you not.________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____15、If Sam were here, he will be so excited about meeting a famous scholar in the flesh.________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____答案以及解析单句语法填空1答案及解析：答案：may/might解析：句意:他很可能拒绝和你说话,因为他的心情不好。

专题十八虚拟语气重难点分析虚拟语气是英语中一个较大的语法项目，高考语法填空和短文改错都曾经设过考点，考生应予以重视。

英语中的语气分为陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气、疑问语气和感叹语气五类。

虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议，而不是表示客观存在的事实。

此外如需表达主观愿望或某种强烈的感情时，也可用虚拟语气。

虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。

一、虚拟语气在从句中的用法和构成一览表类别用法例句if引导的条件状语从句与现在事实相反从句动词：过去式(be多用were，但在口语中，如果主语是第一/三人称，be动词可用was)；主句动词：should/would/could/might+动词原形If he were here, he would help us.如果他在这，他会帮我们的。

与过去事实相反从句动词：had+过去分词；主句动词：should/would/could/might + have+过去分词If I had been free, I would havevisited you. 如果我那时有空，我就会去拜访你了。

与将来事实相反从句动词：过去式/ should+动词原形/ were+不定式；主句动词：should/would/could/might +动词原形If it should rain tomorrow, we wouldnot go camping. 如果明天下雨，我们就不去露营了。

其他状语从句as if/though引导的状语从句中动词用过去式或过去完成式They are talking was if they were/had been friends for years. 他们交谈着，好像是多年的老朋友。

even if/though引导的从句，与现在/将来事实相反时，从句动词用过去式，主句动词用should/would+动词原形；与过去事实相反时，从句动词用had+过去分词，主句动词用should/would+ have+过去分词Even if we failed, we wouldn’t losecourage. 即使我们失败了，我们也不会失去勇气。