rcvd第17章翻译
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物流英语一、单词翻译:Vendor(供应商)、Exporter(出口商)、Airline(航空公司)、Means of transport and route (运输方式和路线)、Net weight(净重)、Measurement(尺码(立方米))Goods(货物)、collect(到付、由收件人付款的)、L/C(信用证)、manifest(载货单)、cost-effective (性价比)、berth(停泊处)、TEU(换算箱、标准箱)、lanes(线路)、logistics(现代物流)Shipper(委托人)、Consignee(收货人)、agent(代理)、Vessel(船舶)、Container(集装箱)、Gross weight(毛重)、quantity(数量)、Commodity (商品)Cargo(货物)、prepaid(预付)、Total(总数、合计)、Consolidation(集中托运)、B/L(提货单)、Contract(合同)、Letter of credit(信用证)、Stow(装载)、trim(整理、装点)Dunnage(行李)、hatch(舱口)、demurrage(滞留费)、rail(铁路)、stipulate (保证、规定)、endorse(背书、认可)、exempt(免除)、claim(索赔)二、短语翻译1.Signature of authorized signatory(签署人的授权签名)2.Number and kind of description of goods package(商品说明:包装上的数量和种类)3.Country/region of destination(目的地的国名/地区名)4.Final destination(最终目的地)5.Original of certificate(原始证书)6.customs invoice(海关发票)packing list(装箱单)7.in words(金额中文大写)8.Declared value for carriage(运输的价格申报)9.agent’s IATA code(LATA代理人的代码)10.Place and date(地点和日期)Airport of departure(出发的机场)11.bill of lading(提单)Commercial invoice(商业发票)12.weight list(重量单)13.Airway bill(航空运单)In figure / in words(小写款项/大写款项)14.Declared value for customs(向海关申报价格)15.Said to contain Marks & numbers(唛头及包装号)16.on the strength of17.be liable for(承担)18.in accordance with (根据)insurance premium(保险费)19.dead freight(总运费)Force majeure(不可抗力)20.in apparent good order and condition21.in addition(除了)ply with(符合)with a view to三、电讯翻译1、ORDER AL41061 ACCEPTED SEPTEMBER SHIPMENT OPEN L/CAL41061订单的货物能在9月发货,请开立信用证。
第17条war risks(“voywar 1993”)战争风险条款1993(1)For the purpose of this clause, the word:对于这个条款的定义是:(a)The “owners”shall include the shipowners, bareboat charterers, disponentowners,managers or other operators who are charged with the management of the vessel, and the master, and.船东应该指的是船舶拥有者、光船承租者、实际承运人、船舶经营人或者其他管理船舶的人员、或船长。
(b)“war risks” shall include any war(whether actual or threatened), act of war, civil war,hostilities, revolution, civil commotion, warlike operation, the laying of mines(whetheractual or reported), acts of piracy, acts of terrorists, acts of hostility or malicious damage, blockades(whether imposed against all vessels or imposed selectively against vessels orcertain flags or ownership, or against certain cargoes or crews or otherwise howsoever), by any person, body, terrorist or political group,or the government of any state whatsoever, which, in the reasonable judgement of the master and/or the owners, may be dangerous or are likely to be or to become dangerous to the vessel, her cargo, crew or other persons on board the vessel.战争风险是指包括任何实际的或者预料的战争,侵略行为,内战,敌对行为,革命,民众骚乱,军事行动,个人破坏行为(无论是实际的还是预料的),海盗行为,恐怖活动,敌对或者恶意的破坏,封锁行动(无论是对所有船舶强行实施还是选择性对某一旗帜的船舶或者对某一确切货物或者对船员强行实施),对于任何的人身,恐怖主义或政治团体,或任何国家的政府等,根据船长或者船东的合理判断,可能或者将要或者将对其船舶、货物、船员以及船上的其他人员造成危险的行为。
Suspension spring悬架弹簧Intriduction介绍In this chapter we will discuss ways to calculate(approximately)certain properties of在这一章中我们将讨论如何计算(约)的某些特性suspension system springs.We will concentrate on spring rate and maximum stress but弹簧悬挂系统。
我们将集中在春季率和最大应力而also touch OU problems associated with usage,i.e.,fatigue。
The types of springs covered也抚摸你相关的问题与使用,即,fatigue.the类型的弹簧盖will include torsion springs,coil springs,and leafsprings.将包括扭力弹簧,螺旋弹簧,和leafsprings。
The material covered is insufficient for detailed design engineering calculations--for that材料覆盖是不够详细的工程计算,设计——the reader will have to go to the literature,especially the referenced SAE design hand-读者将要去的文学,尤其是汽车设计方面的参考—books and spring manufacturers’handbooks.书籍和弹簧manufacturers'handbooks。
21.1 Torsion Springs21.1个扭转弹簧In a torsion spring the elastic properties ofa long thin“bar'’in torsion(twist)is used to在扭簧的弹性性能的细长的酒吧去扭转(扭曲)是用来produce a rectilinear spring rate that is comparable to that era coil spring,The spring产生直线弹簧率相比,时代的螺旋弹簧,弹簧load or forceis usually converted to torque around the centerline of the bar by means负载或forceis通常转化为扭矩围绕中心线的酒吧的手段of a lever arm at one or both (anti-roll bar)ends.Figure 21.1 gives the basic geometry of杠杆臂的一个或两个(防侧倾杆)ends.figure21.1给出了基本几何a torsion spring.扭转弹簧。
O'donnell, save something for the game.奥唐奈留点劲儿比赛I'm just warming up, coach.我在热身教练Just talked to the Scout again. He's coming tonight. 刚刚又和球探谈了他今晚来You play half the game. I know you're capable of.你打满半场我知道你行He's prepared to offer you a full scholarship.他打算提供给你全额奖学金Free ride to college and the world's your oyster, kid. 大学的免费直通车孩子你的前途很光明Thanks, coach.谢谢教练All right, jockstraps, let's gather up. Picture time.好啦队员们集♥合♥ 合影Try not to break the camera.都给我上镜点We gotta hang on. Ned's not here yet.等会儿内德还没来Who cares? He's the water boy.管他的他不过是送水的That doesn't matter, because he's part of the team. 这无所谓但他是队里的一员Sorry I'm late! Sorry I'm late!对不起我迟到了But what kind of dungeon master would I be如果我在和怪兽的大战中if I left my party in the middle中途开溜of a battle with a hippogriff?我算哪门子的地下城主Check it out, it's Merlin in the girlin.瞧瞧女孩版的麦林(亚瑟王中的魔法师)Um, Ned, Ned, look, I'm your best friend, all right,内德我是你最好的朋友And I'll always have your back.我一直站在你这边But there's only so much I can do但当你穿着袍子出现时when you show up in a dress.我只有一件事能做O'donnell. How about you and boy George奥唐奈你和小乔治join us for this picture?该归队了吧Yep. Yep. Just one sec.是的当然稍等Give the little guy the sign, please. Here we are.请把牌子给那个小子好啦Nice, guys. Scoot up in back.很好后面的往前一点Come on, you gotta look pretty你们得把最帅的一面for the ladies, right? Come on.展现给那些女孩子们对吧Yeah. let's do it. Three, two, one.很好开拍了 3 2 1Hey, vanilla ice.喂香草冰(著名歌♥手)We got a game here. Let's bring it in.我们还要比赛让我们开场吧Man, I had to. I had to.伙计我是被逼的我是被逼的Oh, man, over there.伙计瞧那边Who is that stone-cold fox?那个冷冰冰的狐狸精是谁Oh, it's my girlfriend.是我女朋友Take no prisoners, bro.把他们一网打尽老兄Oh, hey, there's my girl.我的女孩来啦I'm glad you're here, Scar.我真高兴你来了斯嘉This whole Scout thing has me wicked nervous.球探要来搞得我超紧张I just feel like my whole future's riding on this game. 我觉得我的未来就指望这场比赛了Yeah. yeah, I know how you feel.是啊我明白你的感受Yeah? Is everything...? Everything's cool, right? 真的一切...一切都好吗Oh, yeah. Everything's totally copacetic.是啊一切都好极了Totally? Totally.都好都好O'donnell.奥唐奈I gotta go. See you.我得上场了回见You okay?你还好吧?We can talk about it later. No. Just tell me.我们可以赛后再谈不就现在It's your big night. Go enjoy it.今晚对你很重要你该尽情享受I can't enjoy it unless you tell me what's going on. 除非你告诉我怎么了否则我无法享受它Okay.好吧O'donnell!奥唐奈!Wake up!清醒点O'donnell!奥唐奈!What are you doing?你在干嘛Scar! Scar, hey.斯嘉等等Hey, Scarlet.斯嘉丽Hey, hey. Hey, what are you doing?喂你在干什么Mike, what are you doing?麦克你在干什么Look, you and me, we're in this together, okay? 听着你和我我们一起面对这件事好不好But the game. That's your future.但是这场比赛是你的未来No, the baby's my future.不这个婴儿才是我的未来That's crazy. You're my future.你疯了你是我的未来I can't let you throw this all away. I won't let you. 我不能让你抛弃这一切我不会让你这么做Thank you for letting me stay here, Ned.谢谢你让我住这内德Oh, yeah. No problem.不客气没什么You good on the cap'n? I'm good on the captain.你吃的惯麦片吗吃的惯很好Hey, Mike?麦克Mike, I can tell you're down, but trust me on this.麦克我知道你很沮丧但是有点你得相信我You're looking at Scarlet你在等斯嘉丽kicking you out of the house...把你踢出家门And the kids wanting nothing而事实上孩子们to do with you as a negative, when in fact...不愿和你在一起这也是不利因素I guess it's mostly negative, isn't it? Well, yeah.我猜大多都对你不利是啊I had no upside for that.我想不出有利的Hey! You're getting that big promotion today, right? 今天是你升职的大日子对吧Yes. Yes, I am.是的是的Today everything turns around for me.今天是我转运的一天Knock them dead.给他们好看I love you!我爱你So anyway...所以不管怎样...the way corporate wants us to spin it...公♥司♥让我们拖延时间...is that maybe, in certain situations...这种方式可能就像在某些情况下...a four-hour erection isn't such a terrible thing.四小时的持续勃起并没那么糟OK. Next staff.好了下一件事As most of you know,today I am proud正如绝大多数人所知今天我将荣幸to be naming our new Regional Sales Manager.任命我们的新地区销♥售♥主管Here we go.来吧You know I've been in the pharmaceutical game我已经在制药业这行里for almost two years now...打拼了近两年了And people always ask me人们总是问我"What's it take to be an RSM?"如何成为地区销♥售♥主管Leadership.领导力Courage.勇气Integrity.正直But most importantly, dedication to this company.但最重要的是对公♥司♥的无私奉献So congratulations. Mike.所以恭喜麦克Mike, if you could slide to your left麦克如果你能往左靠一靠so I can congratulate our new RSM,我就可以恭喜我们的新地区销♥售♥主管了Wendy!温蒂!Oh, my god. Oh, my god.天啊天啊Go out there and push some pills, my peeps.出去庆贺吧女士们Good job, baby!干得好宝贝Bye-bye, thanks.再见谢谢See you at practice.看你的表现Mike. What's crack-a-lacking, coz?麦克怎么有事吗兄弟Well, I'll tell you what's crack-a-lacking.我来告诉你怎么了Are you kidding me?你耍我吧?Wendy's been here two months. I've been here 16 years. 温蒂在这干了2个月我已经干了16年了I got the best numbers on the team.我是组里干得时间最长的You should think of it as a compliment.你可以把这看作对你的赞赏Think of it as us saying,就像我们说"You're just too valuable to promote."升职已无法体现你的价值You little...你这个小...Hey, buddy. No, no, no, I got time.你好老兄不不不我有时间I know, right? Look, listen,我知道听着she was my doubles par...他是我的双...So many girls and only one promotion,这么多人就一个提升名额Nobody get jealous. But you guys are so supportive.没人嫉妒你们太支持我了But, Wendy, you did it. Thank you.温蒂这是你应得的谢谢Wendy! Wendy! Wendy!温蒂温蒂!You guys! Omg.服了你们了天啊Oh, and it gets better,还有好戏呢because we are going to t.g.i. friday's!因为我们要去星期五狂欢Shut up!不是吧Mike O'donnell.麦克·奥唐奈Do I know you?我认识你吗No. But I know you.不但我认识你Oh, yeah?是吗High school star.高中明星Never quite lived up to your potential.潜力无限Sooner or later you all come back to the old school. 迟早你会回到这所学校Stand there and look at the picture of the glory days... 站在这凝望过去那些辉煌日子的照片...wondering what might have been.猜想原本会是什么样子Seems to me you guys are living in the past.在我看来你们都活在过去Well, of course I want to live in the past.我当然想回到过去It was better there.那的生活更好I'll bet you wish you had it to do all over again.我打赌你想重来一次You got that right.你说中了You're sure about that?你确定Oh, yeah.确定Dad. Hi, Mr.O'donnell.老爸你好奥唐奈先生Ladies. What are you doing here?小姐们好啊你在这干嘛Oh, I was just talking to...我刚刚在和......nobody....没什么Doesn't matter.别管了I got off work early,我今天下班早and I thought we could get ice cream.我想我们可以一起去吃冰激凌Together?一起?Why? Just go get your brother, okay?为什么叫上你弟弟好吧Do you need anything else?还需要别的吗No, we're fine.不了谢谢What's the matter? This used to be your favorite place. 怎么了你们以前最喜欢这了We used to come here for your birthday.我们曾来这给你过生日Yeah. When I was, like, 8.没错那时我才8岁So, Al, basketball season's coming up.艾尔篮球赛季就要来了You ready? Yeah.你准备好了是的Been working on that outside shot?在练习外线投篮吗Passing? Good.传球很好Dribbling? Really good.运球很好Good's not going to get you a scholarship.只是好没法让你拿到奖学金I meant, it's great. It's great, Dad. It's great.我是说好极了好极了老爸非常好That's my boy. Remember, it's not how big you are.不愧是我儿子记住不在于你的身材有多壮It's how big you play.而在于比赛中如何最大限度发挥你的作用Right up here.来Maggie got into Georgetown.玛姬被乔治敦大学录取了Maggie, that's awesome.玛姬太棒了Can you turn down the?你能把这调小点声吗Okay, guys, see you soon.好的孩子们回见Love you. Nice chatting with you.我爱你们很高兴和你们聊天What the hell are you doing?你在干嘛Hey, that's my stuff.那是我的Why are you destroying our yard?你干嘛毁了我们的院子It's not our yard. It's my yard, remember?这不是我们的院子是我的记得吗You took the road not taken. And I get the yard.你选了马路所以院子归我了I'm going to turn it into a showpiece for my clients. 我要把它变成给我客户的示范地Clients of what? Landscape design.什么客户园艺设计Landscape design?园艺设计I'm going to show people what I can do.我要向人们展示我能做的Yeah, well, the divorce isn't final好吧但是离婚for another two weeks,两周后才生效So you do have no right.所以你还没权利Really? So I've spent the last 18 years是吗过去18年我一直在of my life listening to you whine about the things 听你抱怨说如果不是我的话you could've done without me, and I have no right?你能做什么你却说我没权利It's just I put a lot of work into this yard.只是我花了很多心血在这Did you?是吗Really? Like the barbeque pit?是吗比如那个烤肉专用坑Yeah.是的The way I remember that is that根据我的记忆you spent about an hour working on it...你曾花一个小时弄好它...and then you spent the next two days却在接下来两天里complaining about if you had gone to college,抱怨说如果你上了大学you could've hired someone to do it.你就可以雇个人做I don't think it was a whole two days.没两天吧Or the hammock over here.那边的吊床呢Yeah.怎么了I think you quit that one我想你之所以放弃那个because you just decided not to try anymore.是因为你已决定不再尝试Look, try to see things from my point of view.试着站在我的立场看待这一切I am extremely disappointed with my life.我对我的人生失望透顶I never asked you to marry me.我从没要求你娶我Yeah, but I did.没有但我这么做了You don't have to do me any more favors, then.那今后你不用再帮我什么了We're not going to hold each other back anymore, okay? 我们也不会再去挽回对方了Scar... I'll see you at court, okay? At the trial.斯嘉我们法庭上见听审时Scarlet.斯嘉丽Naomi!内奥蜜You came. Of course I came.你来了当然我会来What bridesmaid would I be如果我不在你离婚时陪伴你if I didn't hold your hand during the divorce?我还算什么伴娘Now, just remember. The first one's always the hardest. 现在记住第一次总是最难的Mike. Naomi.麦克奈奥蜜Naomi. I don't care.是内奥蜜管你叫什么Let's get going. We got to get you ready.我们走我们得让你做好准备Back on the market.重回这行Yeah, I'm a real catch.没错我很在行Single mom with two teenage kids单身母亲带着两个十几岁的孩子and manure caked under my fingernails.却不得不去摆弄肥料You'll do great. You got the butt of a 12-year-old boy.你能行的你能把12岁的男孩搞上♥床♥ That's terrific. I hope our daughter heard that.好极了希望我们的女儿能听到When was the last time you waxed?你多久没做♥爱♥了Bye, Mike.再见麦克Bye.再见You're sure about that?你确定吗Jesus.上帝Hey! Get off of there!快下来Oh, No. Hello?不能听到吗Hello?! Hello?!听到了吗听到了吗What the?那是...Oh, no!不要啊Oh, man.天啊Ned?内德?Thief!小偷No, no, no, Ned! Ned, no, no, no! It's me! 不不内德不不是我Stop! Stop!住手住手Ned?内德Oh, wow. I feel great.感觉好极了What are you doing? No, Ned.你想干嘛别啊内德No.不要No, no, no, Ned!不不不内德Ned! Come on! It's me, it's Mike!内德拜托是我我是麦克Ned, Ned,I'm telling you, I'm telling you! 内德听我说听我说!Stop it!Stop it! Now!住手马上给我住手An elegant weapon...一把优雅的武器...from a more civilized time.来自一个更为文明的时代Hey, it's me! It's Mike O'donnell, your best friend!是我我是麦克·奥唐奈你最好的朋友You have an undescended testicle.你有隐睾Googleable!谷歌♥上能查到Ned!内德You helped me cheat on my math test, but I got caught. 数学考试时你帮我作弊但我被抓住了Public record!公共记录上有You asked princess Leia to junior prom.你邀请莱亚公主参加中学舞会Covered by the local news.地区新闻上报道了I can't breathe! I can't breathe!我喘不过气来了我喘不过气来了Please.拜托Oh, my god.上帝啊No, no, no.不不不要Ned, Ned.内德内德Oh, my god.天啊Would you stop staring at me?你能别盯着我看吗It's freaking me out. It's freaking me out!你把我吓坏了这把我吓坏了I'm pubescent!我回到少年时期了Okay. So, uh...好吧那么......it's a classic transformation story.这是个经典的变身故事It appears in the literature time and time again.在文学作品里无数次出现Were you at any point shot by a gamma ray?你曾被伽玛射线射中过吗No. Exposed to gamma radiation of any kind?没有接触过某种伽玛射线No, Ned. No?没有内德没有You wouldn't see it. Okay.有你也看不到好吧That eliminates these and those and most of that side. 那就减少了很多可能性Are you now or have you ever been你现在或者曾经变成过一个a Norse God, vampire, or time-traveling cyborg?挪威神吸血鬼或是时光穿梭生化人吗I've known you since, what, first grade?我们什么时候认识的一年级Maybe I would have told you.如果有的话我早告诉你了Vampire wouldn't tell. Cyborg wouldn't know.吸血鬼不会说的生化人自己不会知道Shut up.闭嘴Okay, if it's not any of those,好吧如果不属于这些情况I guess, um, we're looking at your basic...我猜我们得瞧瞧你基本的...spirit guide transformation magic.灵媒变身魔术That's kind of a biggie, actually.事实这可算个大问题That is here.找到了When the hero...当英雄I guess that's... I guess, you.我猜这指的是...我猜是你uh, is transformed by his spirit guide...被他的灵媒变身...to set him on a new path.并重新安排他的人生Which is what? Do I look like your spirit guide?什么意思我看起来像你的灵魂向导吗The janitor.那个清洁工The janitor.清洁工You guys seen the janitor? You seen the janitor?你们看到清洁工了吗你们看到清洁工了吗Do you know where the janitor is? No.你知道清洁工在哪吗不知道Hey, where's the janitor? Where does the janitor work? 清洁工在哪他在哪工作Excuse me! You all right, kid?抱歉你没事吧孩子There's another janitor who works here. Just me.这的另一个清洁工就我一个No, no. There's an older guy不不这还有一个with white hair who works here.白发的老头也在这工作I was here yesterday talking to the janit...我昨天还在这和他谈话I showed him this picture of me.我给他看了我的这张照片You? Yeah.你的照片是的That picture's from 1989.那张照片是1989年拍的Right. Forget it.是啊算了Alex!阿莱克斯Alex, buddy!阿莱克斯老兄Alex!阿莱克斯Hello?有人在吗Spirit guide?灵媒是你吗What am I supposed to do?我该怎么办Don't know what I'm supposed to do.我不知道该怎么办I got shot. Did I get shot or did I get...? Someone got powned. 我被打中了我被打中了吗...有个兵被♥干♥掉了It's a grenade. Ned.是个手榴弹内德Aah! Oh, sorry. Teenage you.什么唉年轻版的你I figured it out. I figured out what I'm supposed to do.我想明白了我知道该怎么做了I figured out what my spirit guide wants me to do.我知道灵媒要我做什么了I'm going back.我要回去I'm going back to high school, Ned!我要重回高中No! No, no. No way.不不这不可能Your spirit guide would not waste transformation magic...你的灵媒不会将变形的魔法浪费在...On you reliving your senior year and going to prom. No.让你重回高中和做返校节国王上不可能Ned, this is my chance to have my life over, but to do it right. 内德这是我重塑人生的机会让一切变好Wouldn't you, if you had the chance? No.换作是你也会这么做吧不会I'm rich, and nobody stuck my head in a toilet today.我很富有今天没人找我麻烦Sure. Besides, it's not just about me.是吗再说这也不光是为了我自己It's about you. No, it's much bigger than me.是为了你不远不只是为了我It's about you. Okay, maybe it's about me...就是为了你好吧或许是为了我...But what's wrong with that?但那又有什么错I have not done anything for me since 1989.1989年以后我就没为自己活过You do what you have to do.你爱怎么着都行But don't think about sucking me into this with you.但是别让我和你一起趟这浑水Hayden was the low point of my existence...海顿高中是我人生的低谷...And I vowed I would never go back to that godforsaken place! 我发誓绝对不会再回到那鬼地方Never, ever, ever!绝不从不Never! Never, ever, ever!永不绝不从不永不I hate you.我恨你Hello.您好I'm here to enroll my son...我来为儿子...In school.办入学手续Mark.他叫马克What's up?您好啊So...那么So we'll just have a seat till you're ready for us.我们先坐下等您一会儿We'll be right, uh... okay.我们马上...好吧What's this you're wearing?你穿的像什么样子This is cool. This is hip.很酷嬉皮士风格I have a picture of Kevin Federline wearing the same thing.凯文·费德林也有过相似的打扮I don't know who that is. What are you wearing?我不认得你穿的什么I told you, like a dad. I am.你穿的像个老爹我本来就是You look like Clay Aiken. Leave him out of this.你看起来像克莱·艾肯别提他了Are you sure these look legit?你确定这些不会穿帮吗Oh, yeah. Look who you're talking to.当然不会我是谁啊I'm the guy who invented the software我发明了软件That prevents people from stealing music.防止人们窃取音乐I also invented the software that helps people steal music... 我还发明了帮助人们窃取音乐...But that's a happy coincidence.但那只是个美妙的插曲What is that?那是什么Oh, my g...我的天啊Wrong. These are for me. You kidding?拿错了那些是我的你开什么玩笑What's-her-name and Chewie's for me.她叫什么名和奇威是我的Miss Masterson will see you now.可以去见马斯特森小姐了Let's go.走吧Just don't try to be funny, all right?不要闹笑话Say as little as possible.少说少错Hey, watch where you're going, toolbag.看路土包子So sorry, sir. Our fault. Stan.很抱歉是我们不好斯坦Hello. I'm Jane Masterson, principal here at Hayden High. 你好我是简·马斯特森海顿高中校长Hi.你好Hello.你好Hello. Hi.你好你好Uh, okay.可以了Yeah, I think we're good here.可以松手了Sorry.抱歉I think our hands just made a baby.我们刚才的握手产生了爱的结晶Excuse my dad.请原谅我父亲he's not used to talking to attractive women.他不太喜欢和迷人的女士交谈Oh, thank you...谢谢你的...Mark. Mark...我叫马克马克...For that flattering yet totally inappropriate comment.谢谢你那不合时宜的恭维Please sit.请坐Before we get started, I think you should know that, uh, Mark's a bastard. 谈话开始前我想告诉您马克是个杂种Excuse me?什么I had him out of wedlock, so...他是非婚生子也就是说...I'm single.我是单身And I'm very rich.钻石王老五Okay.好吧Did you bring your transcripts? Oh, yeah.你带来成绩单了吗是的Transcripts.成绩单Last school you went to was Cutler High in Connecticut.你之前在康涅狄格州的卡特勒高中Straight-A student. Very impressive.是优等生真不错Math club...数学俱乐部...National Merit Finalist...全国资优成绩总决赛...Coney Island hot dog eating champion.科尼岛吃热狗比赛冠军Well, I think Hayden would be lucky to have you.海顿高中有幸请你入学Welcome. Thank you.欢迎谢谢Uh, yes, Mr. Gold. Do you have a question?高德先生您还有什么问题Your hair is pretty.你的头发很美Ah. Not a question, but thank you.虽然不是个问题不过谢谢你Would the lady mind if I smelled it?我可以嗅一下你秀发的味道吗Now is probably a good time to tell我想该跟你说明白You that I don't date students' parents.我们不准和学生家长约会Maybe I should tell you that I never我也该向你申明Don't not date the principal of my child.我和所有我孩子的校长都约过会Okay, come on, dad. Come on, dad.好了爸爸好啦Let's go.走吧I was about to close!就快说完了You have to do it right now? Just calm down. You're a dad. 你想表现好吗那就沉着点你是个父亲Hi. oh, my gosh. we're in.天啊我们置身其中了You see her undress me with her eyes?看见她那赤♥裸♥裸的眼神没I don't think that's what that was.我可不这么想Hey. wow. I don't know how we did it.真不敢相信我们做到了It's Maggie's friends. Watch this.那是玛姬的朋友看着Hey, girls, how's it going? Do I know you?姑娘们怎么样你是谁啊What'd you do, mug k-fed?当你自己是谁明星么Welcome to the bottom of the food chain.欢迎来到金字塔底部Hey, look, you always had my back in high school, okay?在高中永远有我支持你So if your spirit guide wants you to be a fake teenager...如果你的灵媒要你假扮青少年...And me to be your fake dad...我愿意做你的假老爸...The least I can do is make sure that my fake son doesn't look... 至少我能保证自己的假儿子看上去......Like a total douche.不那么傻气I don't look like a douche. What a douche.我才不傻真是个傻冒儿We're going shopping.我们去采购Really? Yes, your shirt is bedazzled.真的没错你的上衣让人看了眼晕Bedazzled with rhinestones.是宝石晃眼Let's go to school.去上学吧Hey, yo, check it out.快看呐老兄That's just rude.真嚣张What's up, dude?你看什么What are you looking at, punk?你乱看什么小阿飞Watch it. Wake up, douche.看着点醒醒吧傻子Sorry.抱歉No phones, no texting.别打电♥话♥ 别发短♥信♥ Settle, people. Settle down.坐好大家都坐好Take the roughhousing outside, class.禁止在教室打闹Hello?你好Hello? Where the hell are you?你好你到底在哪儿Oh, cr...我的天The thing. You mean our divorce?是那件事你是说我们的离婚Do you take any of this seriously?你到底有没有认真对待这事儿No, no! Yes, I take this seriously.没有不我很认真I had to leave the country very suddenly, uh...我突然需要出国...With the Mayan... Inca,去和玛雅人和印加人...I'm with the Incas in Peru.我现在秘鲁和印加人在一起We think we might have found the next...我想我们能找到新的......rogaine.生发剂Are you with a girl?你和一个女孩在一起?No, no. It's, uh, a bunch of cheerleaders.没有只不过是一群啦啦队员So would you consider maybe dating a 10th-grader? 你能和10年级生约会吗I think we could go for full custody.我认为抚养权可以完全归你No, you can't take my kids away from me.不你不能把孩子夺走Since when do you care?你何时开始关心了Look...听着...I'm a lot closer to them than you think.我和他们的距离远比你想像的要近Let's reschedule, okay?我们再谈好吗Hey, Maggie.玛姬Um, why is the new kid waving at me?为什么这个新生朝我挥手I don't know.我不知道But if that boy were an apple...如果这男孩是苹果的话...He'd be a delicious.味道一定不错Oh, god.天啊Gosh, we are all in such great shape.天我们身材都很棒Man, you know, I will tell you something.知道吗跟你透露个秘密In 10 years you're going to have this thing right here... 再过10年我们就该有啤酒肚了...That no amount of crunches will get rid of.做多少仰卧起坐都减不下去And spot reduction, total lie.局部瘦身? 全是胡说You know, I...我...Never mind. Give me the ball.别介意把球给我Fakes right, goes left.假动作向右实际向左And signature move.经典上篮Kid.孩子I'm coach Murphy.我是墨菲教练You're still here? What?你还没退休什么You're a legend.你是个传奇人物Yeah. Well, yeah. Twenty years.是啊不过是二十年前It's actually my last one.这是我带的最后一届了Good hops, kid. nice handle.跳跃力很好控球不错We're looking for a point guard.我们需要一个得分后卫Oh, yeah?是吗Why don't you come to tryouts? Okay.为什么不来试试好的I'm done talking to you. yeah, yeah.我说完了好的Hey, how's it going?进展如何Things are looking up.一起顺利Coach Murphy practically put me on the team.墨菲教练邀我入队That's not a coincidence. We're on the path.这不是个巧合一切都在步入正轨That's great.很好That's super you're finding your destiny and, blah, blah, whatever.你正找回自己的命运等等等等Here's something. I need you to do something for me.有件事情我需要你帮忙I need you to get in trouble.我需要你惹点事Not, like, big trouble.不要犯大事Just enough trouble so that the principal needs to meet with your father. 只要惹的麻烦足够让校长请家长就行Yeah, okay, well, we'll see.好吧再说吧Oh! boom. Ned!内德赢了Boom. Checkmate, Samir!萨米尔将死Damn it! Checkmate.见鬼将死Uh, can I get a little help in here?能帮我个忙吗Alex?阿莱克斯?How does it...?怎么会...Who did this to you? The basketball team.是谁干的篮球队的人But why? Why? You're one of them.为什么你是他们的队友啊You're popular.你人缘很好Uh, look, this is kind of personal, and I don't know you.这是私事我又不认识你I'm taped to the toilet. Yeah.我被粘在厕所上了是啊I'm sorry, I'm Mark Gold, uh,我是马克·高德your uncle Ned's kid. I just started here.是你内德叔叔的儿子我刚刚转来Oh, cool. Cool, yeah.不错很好Well, I'd shake your hand...我很想和你握手...But it's taped to my ass. Right. right.但手被粘在屁♥股♥上了没关系Would you mind?能帮个忙吗Yeah, yeah, sure. Yeah, um.当然当然谢谢Just rip. I'm going to get it.撕开就行我来撕Bandaid. Go for it.是胶布撕吧So how come we never met?为什么我们从未谋面My mom didn't want anyone to know she had a kid with Ned.我妈不想让人知道我是内德的私生子That makes sense. Yeah.这倒是是啊So since we're practically family and all...我们就像家人一样...My dad says we should just keep an eye on each other, you know?爸爸说我们应该互相照顾你说呢Uh, yeah. Why not?当然为什么不呢Next time you could get there before they tape me to the toilet. 下次你可以在他们把我绑在马桶之前救我You got it.没错This looks good.看上去很美味Who's that?那是谁Nicole. Are you two going out?妮可你们两个要约会No, no, she's the, uh, head cheerleader.不不她是啦啦队长She'd never go out with me.她不会和我约会的You know, when I first met your mother, I was so nervous...我第一次见到你妈妈的时候很是紧张You met my mother?你见过我妈妈What? My mother.什么我妈妈You said, "the first time I met your mother, I was nervous."你说你第一次见到我妈的时候很紧张Oh, that's weird. is your mom hot? Dude, what...?真是奇怪你妈妈很火♥辣♥吗老兄What do I say to that? I was joking. joking, dude.要我怎么回答我只是在开玩笑Stan.斯坦I hate that guy.我讨厌那人Oh. Thanks.天多谢What?想怎样Freshman. Good sandwich.新生三明治不错Is that the guy who taped you to the toilet?就是那个人把你绑在马桶上吗Yeah.没错Yesterday he shoved me in a washing machine in my own house.昨天他在我家把我塞进了洗衣机What was that jerk doing at your house? It's Maggie's boyfriend.那混♥蛋♥在你家干什么他是玛姬的男朋友Maggie has a boyfriend?玛姬居然有个男朋友...I'm very disappointed in your sister.我对你姐姐很失望He's looking. Don't make eye contact. He's kind of temperamental. 他在看你别看着他他脾气暴躁You're looking. stop it, stop it.你在看他别看了别看了I'll look at him.-就是要看他Hey, twinkle douche.这不是发光的傻冒儿吗If I wanted you in the cafeteria, I would've taped you to a lunch lady. 早知道你在食堂就该把你和煮饭婆绑一起You little punk.你这个小阿飞You don't talk to him that way.别这么跟他说话Yeah?怎么What are you gonna do?你能怎么样What am I gonna do?我能怎么样First...首先...I'm going to call your father.我要向你父亲告状Heads up!我警告你Give me my ball back, bitch.把球给我贱♥人♥You know, Stan, I feel sorry for you.斯坦我真为你感到悲哀You don't know me. Oh, but I do.。
《海底两万里》第十七章:海底的迷宫海底两万里第十七章:海底的迷宫
在《海底两万里》的第十七章中,主人公们在海底继续他们的探险之旅。
这一章中,他们遭遇了一个充满挑战和谜题的“海底迷宫”。
迷宫是由一系列巨大的石头和洞穴构成的,它们错综复杂地交错在一起,给主人公们带来了极大的困扰。
作为迷宫的首领,水电强力装置控制着迷宫中的水流,并改变着通路的形状。
主人公们需要谨慎地选择路径,通过迷宫并找到出口。
这需要他们的智慧、勇气和团队合作。
每个角色都展现出了他们的独特技能和才智,互相配合以克服各种困难。
在迷宫中,主人公们遇到了一些意想不到的挑战。
例如,他们需要解决一道巨大的机关谜题,破译一张古老的地图,以及应对随时改变的水流和狭窄的通道。
最终,主人公们成功地通过了迷宫,离开了这个危险而神秘的地方。
他们的勇敢和智慧使他们得以战胜一切困难,继续他们的海底探险之旅。
在本章中,《海底两万里》作者儒勒·凡尔纳展现了他的惊人创造力和才华。
通过描绘迷宫中复杂的环境和角色的挑战,他引起了读者对故事情节的紧张和激动。
这一章向读者展示了探险所需的勇气、智慧和团队合作的重要性。
它也向读者传递了一个积极的信息:只要我们克服困难并相信自己,我们就能够战胜任何障碍,达到自己的目标。
在接下来的章节中,我们可以期待更多的惊险和充满想象力的场景,以及主人公们的发展和成长。
《海底两万里》第十七章带给读者的紧张刺激和启发,必将持续贯穿整个故事。
第三节商务电传电报的翻译电报,即用电信号传递的文字信息。
电报因其译码、传递速度、信息内容等的不同,可以分成很多类:明码电报与密码电报;普通电报与加急电报;公务电报与私务电报等等。
电传(telex)是采用电码信号发出,经电路传输电信号至收方并能直接打印出文字的一种通信方式。
电传通信的优点是自动打印,传输速度快,准确率高的先进通信方式。
20世纪40年代,电传通信有很大发展。
相应的配套设备和传输手段(包括有线载波机和无线移频收发讯机等)都达到成熟阶段。
到了50年代,电传成为远途传递信息的一个重要手段。
直至当今的二十一世纪,虽然计算机通信有了迅猛发展,但是电传仍占据重要地位。
电传打印机可安装在办公室内,即使你不在办公室里,打印机也可在无人状态下自动收发电文,省却了去邮电局发电传的麻烦,而且在发电传时,可以即时得到对方的应答,每分钟可传送大约67个词,方便迅速。
电报电传是一种远距离交流信息的重要手段, 一般用于重要而紧急的业务联系,目的是为了争取时间。
在十几年前,电报是唯一的快捷方式,后来又出现了电话传真(电传)的方式,现在,电传成为最常用的商贸交流手段。
随着社会的进步和科技的发展,将可能会被电子邮件、可视电话等所取代,但各种方式都有自身的优点和不足,人们将会根据不同的情况有选择地进行使用。
尽管随着科技的发展,电报电传的作用会受到挑战,但无论方式怎样变化,其语言风格将会被人们所沿用。
1.电报电传的特点电报电传是一种应用文体形式在商贸领域中得到广泛的应用,电报稿的内容由以下几方面组成:受报人的地址、姓名、称呼语(内容要正确、字迹要清楚);电报正文(内容应力求简明扼要、用语准确);署名和时间。
它有自身的特点。
1.1往来的快捷性电报电传是一种常用的文体,它的优点在于传递速度快,还能引起收受人对有关事情的紧迫性的关注与重视,因而在商贸活动中起着极其重要的作用,是商贸信函、电话等其它联系方式所无法替代的。
电报电传最重要的在于它的时效性。
第23章柔性(统称,包括悬挂弹簧,橡胶材料,刚性材料自身可能发生的柔性变形等。
)柔性是刚性的反义词。
所有的柔性部件在受载荷的情况下都会发生变形。
发生这种情况会改变车辆机构的几何关系1.赛车柔性普通归为两类一类以应力分量表述:●横向力,来自转弯,侧风,路面倾斜等●纵向力,来自驱动力和制动力●回正转矩,纵方向●侧翻转矩,横方向第二类以轮胎和车身位置分类●转向柔性:改变轮胎与地面的转角。
●弯曲柔性:使轮胎产生弯曲变形,或者倾角的改变2.柔性对转向过度和转向不足的作用实验。
需要skidpad(崎岖的路面上画出若干个等半径的参照圆)翻译暂略实验目的是将橡胶件更换为硬质材料,推算橡胶的柔性对车辆转向的影响,通过同速同半径(同侧向加速度)时方向盘转角的差值测定。
结论:通常来讲,前轮的柔性导致转向不足(US,understeer),后轮柔性导致转向过度(OS,oversteer)分类研究:1.前轮横向力柔性转向:可导致OS或US。
取决于承受横向力的活动件刚度和载荷。
悬挂机构和转向系统分担了横向力(除非后倾角caster angle和offset为0)。
略。
2.后轮横向力柔性转向:3.前轮横向力柔性倾角:导致US4.后轮横向力柔性倾角:导致OS5.纵向力柔性效果。
6.回正转矩柔性转向:转向盒或支架安装不紧固,会产生严重转向不足。
7.实验:侧向力对各柔性参数的影响。
因为很难计算和测量,柔性变量的作用在赛车设计中常常被忽略。
但倘若悬挂组件和他们的安装点制作得很确切,这种疏忽很可能被杜绝。
通常因为悬挂的载荷作用,这些部分看起来很确切,但实际上并不确切.这使得车轮实际的转向角和测倾角无法得知,并导致无法解释的车辆表现。
对于赛车,避免悬挂柔性对各角度的影响,使影响角度小于一度是可以实现的。
新苏教版五年级语文下册期中考试题及答案(通用)班级:姓名:分数:考试时间:90分钟题序一二三四五六七总分得分一、读拼音,写词语。
(10分)nán kān lòu xiàn shuāi jiāo hóu lóngjiǎo wàn hōng rán wú yígǔ diǎn二、比一比,再组词。
(10分)倾(_______)楼(_______)鸣(_______)绸(_________)顷(_______)搂(_______)呜(_______)稠(_________)三、把成语补充完整,并按要求填空。
(15分)①(____)(____)有味②一(____)半(____)③栩栩(____)(____)④(____)(____)无味1.写出两个与词语①、③结构相同的词语:___________、_____________。
2.词语______和______(填序号)是一对反义词。
写出与词语②意思相反的词语:____________。
四、选择恰当的关联词语填空。
(10分)不但……而且……因为……所以……即使……也……宁可……也不……与其……不如……既然……就……(1)我()考试不及格,()抄袭别人的。
(2)船夫驾驶着小艇,()操纵自如,()行驶平稳。
(3)()工作再难做,他()不会退缩。
(4)你()懂得了这个道理,()要自觉遵守五、按要求写句子。
(15分)1、数不清的星星在天空中闪烁。
改为拟人句:_______________________________2、蓝蓝的湖水十分平静。
改为比喻句:_____________________________________3、锣鼓声真大。
改成夸张句:_____________________________________________4、难道这世界上糟糕的诗还不够多吗?改为陈述句:______________________________5、我们要运用和理解所学到的知识。
在国际商务活动中,许多生意都是买卖双方通过电传交换思想和信息而做成的。
然而电传文稿多用特定的缩写字、省略句和转换法来表达,这对翻译和草拟电传文稿带来了很多困难。
试读下例电传文稿,初看一下,真叫不懂电传用语的译者一筹莫展:TK U FR OFR DATD 15TH OCT. HWVR AFTR DISCSN WZ MANY CLIENTS, ALL AGR YR PRCS TOO HIGH. V ACPT ALL QNTY OFRD BUT NEED 5PCT PRC REDCTN. PLS ACPT TO ENBL US MAINTN OUR SALES VOLM CHINA SILK. BST RGDS.然而,笔者根据多年的实际翻译工作经验,对电传文稿进行了详细的研究和分析,认为英文电传用语有其特定的构词方法和句子结构。
草拟和翻译商务英语电传文稿不是无章可依,而是有规可循的。
归纳起来,必须遵循如下三条基本规则:一、缩写规则(Abbreviation):电传文稿的单词缩写规则比较特殊和复杂,有些和一般缩写词一样,有些却有其独特的形式,归纳起来有如下几种:1. 利用一个短语或单位名称的各单词的首写字母构成电传文稿。
如:all risk -→AR 综合险 European Economic Community -→EEC 欧共体account payable -→AP 应付款 as soon as possible-→ASAP 尽可能快account receivable -→AR 应收款 bank of China -→BOC 中国银行balance sheet -→BS 余额表 cash against document -→CAD 付现交单cash on delivery -→COD 货到付款 import licence -→IL 进口许可证pay on delivery -→POD 发货付款 cost insurance and freight -→CIF 到岸价Metric Ton -→MT 公吨 European main port -→EMP 欧洲主要港口free on board -→ FOB 离岸价 for your reference -→ FYR 供你参考free of interest -→FOI 免税 in your favor -→IYF 以你方为受益人refer to your letter -→RYL 参见你方来函 refer to your cable -→RYC 参见你方来电2. 保留开头的元音字母和所有的辅音字母(并列的两个相同的辅音字母只留一个),省略其他的元音字母(有时为读音方便,中间也可保留一个元音字母。
在未来人类和机器之间的界限正逐渐淡化随着科技的进步人类开始用人造器官对自身进行强化阪华机械正依靠政♥府♥出资研发会让人与机器之间的界限进一步模糊的军事特工他们将人脑移植进人造外壳之中借此将人类和机器各自的最强点合二为一血液含氧量在下降Oxygen levels are dropping.大脑功能正常Brain function normal.准备抢救大脑Cerebral salvage ready to proceed.机器骨架已准备好等待大脑移植Robotic skeleton prepared and waiting for brain insertion.启动2571号♥项目Initiate Project 2571.攻壳机动队可以睁开双眼了Now your eyes are gonna open.好了There.你很安全You are safe.没事的呼吸It's ok, just breathe.呼吸Just breathe.呼吸Breathe.好Good.很好That's good.你好蜜拉Hello Mira.我是奥莱特博士I'm Dr. Ouelet.你还记得被袭击的事吗Do you remember anything about the attack?发生什么事了What happened?我我溺水了I was... I was drowning.有水There was water.没错你在一条船上难民船That's right. You were on a boat, a refugee boat.被恐♥怖♥分♥子♥击沉了It was sank by terrorists.我的身体怎么没知觉了Why can't I feel my body?蜜拉你的身体受损严重救不回来了Mira, your body was damaged. We could not save that.你的大脑幸存了下来Only your brain survived.我们给你造了一个身体We made you a new body.一个人造外壳A synthetic shell.但是你的大脑你的灵魂But your mind, your soul...你的魂魄Your ghost.还在身体里It's still in there.麻烦你Please.给她注射镇静剂Sedate her.会成功吗Will it work?当然Absolutely.她是奇迹She's a miracle.机器无法领导只能服从命令A machine can't lead, It can only follow orders.机器无法想象关心或是感知A machine can't imagine or care or intuit.但是凭借人工框架里的人类大脑But as a human mind in a cybernetic frame...蜜拉全都能做到还能做得更多Mira can do all those things, and more.先驱The first of her kind.一旦可以执行任务就让她加入公♥安♥9课She will join Section 9 as soon as she is operational.请别这么做Please don't do that.你这是把复杂的人类降格为机器You reducing a complex human to a machine.我不认为她是台机器I don't think of her as a machine.她是武器She is a weapon.也是我公♥司♥的未来And the future of my company.一年后第一个人工制♥造♥的记忆增强器The first artificially created memory enhancement.赛伦训练预案Sirenum training protocol能最快最有效的is the fastest and most efficient way...提升你的能力to develop your ability.更为强壮感受你的强大Stronger than ever. Experience your power.电子犯罪是1型犯罪Cybercrime is a Type 1 offense.最短量刑为刑期15年Minimum punishment: 15 years in prison.阪华机械保护个人安全Hanka Robotics guarantees personal safety against...所有巡逻单位All patrolling area units,请注意该区域内疑似有电子犯罪be advised possible cybercrime activity in vicinity.将封锁附近空域Airspace in adjoining areas will be locked down.公♥安♥9课已在现场Section 9 is currently on site.重复所有巡逻单位Repeat: All patrolling area units,请注意该区域内be advised, possible cybercrime...我是少佐我在现场This is Major. I'm on site.等待指令Awaiting instructions.分♥析♥报告我是人类我有缺陷I'm human, I am flawed.但我欢迎改变But I embrace change...和增强and enhancement.现在没有什么我做不了的Now there is nothing I can't do.没有我不知道的没有我做不到的Nothing I can't know, nothing I can't be.听听看Wait and listen to something.这是我4岁的女儿It's my 4 year old daughter.她唱那首摇篮曲的时间里In the time it took her to sing that lullaby就学会了流利的法语she learned to speak fluent French.你知道那首歌♥吗Do you know that song...?这里有回声盒There is an echo box up here.有人在扫描数据传输Someone is scanning data traffic.查查看传去哪里了看看谁让人这么大动干戈To see who's worth this kind of surveillance.接入酒店安全网络Accessing hotel security network.你有什么发现长官有很多扫描数据What're you seeing, sir? I've got a lot of hotel to scan.有一个宴会厅被非洲联邦的总统预定了奥斯蒙博士正代表阪华机械接待总统找到了43楼Got it. 43rd floor.有人联♥系♥了总统的随行人员有人在监视他Someone contacted the president staff. Someone is watching him.奥斯蒙博士Dr. Osmond...你从我们这里想得到什么What is it you want from us?应该说是阪华机械能为你们做些什么I think it is more about what Hanka Robotics can do for you.这个世界上已经有73%的人口接受了人工增强73% of this world has woken up to the age of cyber enhancement.你们不想落后于人吧Do you really wanna be left behind?我的子民和我一样欢迎人工增强My people embrace cyber enhancement as do I.但是没有人意识到这冒着什么样的风险There is no one who really understand the risk...对个人身份以及乱搞人类灵魂的风险To individuality, identity, messing with the human soul.先生们请留步你们应该是走错...Gentlemen, Excuse me, I think you've the wrong...走廊六个人有人开火Hallway. Six men. Shots fired.公♥安♥9课预计到达时间Section 9 ETA?-两分钟后少佐-太久了- Two minutes out, Major. - Too long.我上了I'm going in.站住少佐停下你的竞争者也和我说过同样的话I had heard this speech before from your competitors.而现在阪华机械And now Hanka Robotics-不过是说的更好听罢了-你在干什么- serves it with Milky sake. - What are you doing?看这正是我所说的Look. This is what I'm talking about.少佐开始侵入Initiate.. The hack.救救我求你了别让我死Help me. Please. Don't let me die.谁派你来的Who sent you?救救我求你了Help me. Please.回答Answer me!和阪华机械同流合污必将被摧毁Collaborates with Hanka Robotics will be destroyed.你还好吗You okay?你受伤了You're injured.你和他们不一样You're not the same.不过是个机器人而已It's just a robot!你的皮肤和你都应该用最好的产品Your skin deserves the best, so do you.国防部公♥安♥9课总部我们掌握了多少奥斯蒙的资料So what do we have on Osmond?目前还很少So far, very little.他是阪华机器人部门的掌门人He was the head of Hanka's Robotics Division.人类但是做了人工增强Human, but of course cyber enhanced.他们怎么黑进他的So how did they hack him?这个艺妓机器人不知道怎么就绕过了他的加密Somehow this geisha bot got past his encryption.有什么东西变了Something is different.你动了什么手脚What'd you get?为什么你总是觉得别人做了增强Why you always thinking he's out there enhancing.因为他就是做了Because he is.人工肝脏A cyber mech liver.攒了一段时间的钱Been saving up for a while.现在每天晚上就靠它了Now it's lost cool every night.你就为了多喝几口酒就去做了增强You got enhanced so you can drink more?欢迎增强吧德古沙它塑造了这个世界Embrace enhancements, Togusa. We would not be here without it.我很高兴我是完整的人类谢谢I am all human and happy, thanks.那个收押的艺妓机器人有什么线索Any more information about the seized geisha bot?阪华正在扫描Hanka is running scans.达林博士会将报告发来但是Dr. Dahlin will have the reports ready but...我和首相谈过了他要求一份完整报告德古沙昨晚的袭击之后Following last night's attack...又有三名阪华的科学家被谋杀3 more Hanka's scientists were murdered...就在阪华公♥司♥内部的中♥央♥实验室里in the company's central laboratory.前两人是被枪杀的The first two were shot...第三人则是被他自己的服务机器人殴打致死and the third was beaten to death by his own service robot.三人均有大脑被入侵的迹象All showed signs of cerebral hacking.和那艺妓对奥斯蒙所做的一样The same as the geisha did to Osmond.而这三人都是阪华的资深人员And all were senior figures... in Hanka.和奥斯蒙一样Just like Osmond.每一个犯罪现场都留了一条口信A message was left at each of the crime scene...留信之人称自己为by someone identifying himself...九世as Kuze.和阪华机械同流合污必将被摧毁Collaborate with Hanka Robotics will be destroyed.和阪华机械同流合污Collaborate with Hanka Robotics...必将被摧毁will be destroyed.德古沙Togusa.你和拉卓雅去和阪华的社长卡特先生谈谈少佐和巴特去取达林的报告查明那艺妓身上有什么线索少佐我让你不要跳下去我必须这么做不然会死更多人I had to, or more would have died.你是我的队员也是我的责任我会找到他的然后杀了他I'll find him... and I will kill him.把我造出来就是干这个的不是吗It's what I am built for, isn't it?你不只是一个武器你有灵魂魂魄我们只有正视自己的真实才能寻得安宁安全重组孩子的基因结构Safely reconfiguring the child's genetic structure.让家庭更为完美Families built better.你昨晚在酒店怎么回事What was going on with you at the hotel last night?没事我很好Nothing. I'm fine.你确定Are you sure?-亲爱的要升级吗-走开- Hey, sweetheart, want an upgrade? - Move.-你需要什么我都有-滚开- I have anything you want. - Back off!明Hey, Ming!巴特Hey, Batou!-你要的骨头-谢了- Got your bones. - Thanks man.给狗的For the dogs.你不喜欢人For someone who doesn't like people为什么却那么关心狗how come you care about dogs so much.不知道我喜欢野狗它们也喜欢我I dont know. I like just strays and they like me.它们喜欢你是因为你喂它们They like you because you feed them.你还真是没心没肺You got no heart.Hey, girls!加布里尔Hey Gabriel!来见见少佐Meet Major.少佐加布里尔Major, Gabriel.我们以前有只狗We used to have a dog.是吗Seriously?我觉得你更像是会养猫的人I had you more of a cat person.你不怎么聊这些事You don't talk about that stuff.什么事What?-你的过去-我没什么印象- Your past. - I don't remember much.只记得一些碎片Just fragments, bits and pieces.家人呢What about family?我的父母为了把我带来这里都死了My parents, they died bringing us to this country.我们的船在港口被击沉Our boat sank in the harbor.我差点溺水而死I almost drowned.我感觉自己在下沉I feel sinking...我的记忆总是被一层浓雾笼罩there is always this thick fog over my memory.我看不清And I can't seen through it.你很幸运You are lucky.每天我的记忆都在被污染Every single day I get screwed upon my memory.能保持纯净挺好的It's better to be pure.就像你Like you.阪华机械总部欢迎来到阪华机械Welcome to Hanka Robotics.所有访客必须佩戴相应的身份证明All visitors must display appropriate credentials at all times.松开再握拳Opens and close, please.你的内部系统受损了Your have damaged internal systems.也许下次你可以把我设计的更好Maybe next time you can design me better.-你还好吗-我很好我什么都感觉不到- How are you? - I am fine. I can't feel anything.不我是问你内心的你No, you, in there.有一些小故障I have been having glitches...但很快就消失了but it will pass.-你有在注射药物吗-有- Have you been taking your medication? - Yeah.但一直循环出现我早上注射了两次But these wounds are so cycling. I had two this morning. -音像还是画面-都有- Sound or image? - Both.我看到了I see it.你有下载任何非安全信息吗You made any unencrypted downloads?-没有删掉吧-请求同意- No. Just delete them from me. - Consent?我是少佐·蜜拉·凯莉恩My name is Major Mary Killian.我同意删除该数据I give my consent to delete this data.好了It's done.-小事一桩-这是什么- No big deal. - What are they?你的大脑思维的感官回忆Sensory echoes from your mind, shadows.我也不确定I'm not sure.你怎么知道哪些是小故障哪些又是我How do you know what's a glitch and what's me?小故障和你本人的代码The glitches have a different texture...并不一样to the rest of your code.我都能看到I can see everything.你的全部思想决定All of your thoughts, your... decisions.看来只有人类才有隐私I guess privacy is just for humans.你是人类You are human.在人们眼里你就是人类People see you as human.我身边的人Everyone around me seems to fit.他们都和某些事物相关联而我They seem connected to something. Something I...并没有am not..-就好像我没有过去-你当然有过去- Like I have no past. - Of course you have a past.慢慢的你会感觉和他们产生联♥系♥And at time you'll feel more more connected to it and to them.松开再握拳Opens and close, please.我们珍惜记忆认为它诠释了我们We cling to memories as if they define us, but...但并不是这样they really don't.诠释我们的是我们的行为What we do is what defines us.这里是阪华戒♥严♥区域未经许可不得入内You're entering a Hanka secure area. Authorized personal only.请关闭通讯增强Please disable communication enhancement.我很忙I'm busy.达林博士你弄完了吗Dr. Dahlin! Are you finished yet?如果你没对着艺妓劈头盖脸地扫射If you hadn't rained all the Geisha with the bullets,活就简单多了this would be much easier.-不是我开的枪-是我- I didn't shoot him. - I did.这要好几天时间This is gonna take days.我要运行几百种可能性模拟I need to run hundreds of potential simulations.我们没那个时间We don't have the time.她是阪华的陪伴机器人She was a Hanka companion bot.但却被人调制成大脑入侵But she was reprogrammed for cerebral hacking.她的驱动里有什么What was on her drives?什么都没有数据传输后就被摧毁了Nothing. The data was destroyed as it was transmitted.没有东西能表明她想干什么No sign of what she was up to.硬件被破坏了The hardware was vandalized.他们把她给拆了They ripped her up.我得深潜Then I have to do a deep dive.你无法在深潜的时候加密保护自己You can't encrypt you in the deep dive.我知道I know it.他们可能在她大脑里设了陷阱磁脉冲病毒They could left traps in her. Mag pulses, viruses.她说得对She is right.你会把自己You will be exposing your暴露给入侵她的人毫无防备mind to who ever hacked her. You'll be wide open.我必须进入她的记忆I have to get inside her memory.这是找到九世最快的方法It's the fastest way to find Kuze.这太危险了It's too dangerous.也不负责任And highly irresponsible.你确定要这么做Are you sure?一看到有代码要入侵我就把我退出来You see any bad code headed my way, pull me out.你有什么好紧张的How come you're the one sweating?开始吧Run it.对少佐进行人工大脑对接启动Cyber mind connection to the Major, now active...未加密and unencrypted.请同意可下载数据Consent required for data download.我是少佐·蜜拉·凯莉恩我同意My name is Major Mira Killian and I give my consent.断开链接把她退出来Disconnect. Get her out.-把她退出来-我在想办法她被入侵了- Get her out! - I'm trying, but she's being hacked.快把她退出来Get her out now!好了Now!你还好吗Are you okay?我知道他在哪儿I know where he is.我认识这里I know this place.这里是人造零件的黑市They run black market mech.-你都装备好了吗-当然- You tooled up? - Yep.目标在地下室我先进去Target's the basement. I'll lead.切换到大脑通讯Switching to mind-comms.-希望你有练习过-这么说可不公平- Hope you've been practicing. - That's unfair.我很快就能掌握了It just takes me a moment to get the hang of it.门口两个生化人有武器并做了增强Two mercs at the door. Armed and enhanced.收到我们会解决的Copy that. We got it covered.以夜店来说这里太热闹了There's a lot of heat in here for a nightclub.这是黑道的夜店你指望呢It's a Yakuza club. What did you expect?我还挺喜欢这里的I quite like the place.我一点都不觉得奇怪Why doesn't that surprise me?我要吸引他们的注意力I am gonna have to draw some attention.看看那样能不能进到地下室里去See if I can access the basement that way.你不是来找麻烦的吧You're not here looking for any trouble, are you?我只是来找妹子的还有啤酒I am just here for the girls... and beer.-有什么可以帮到你的-我来找人- Can I help you? - I am looking for someone.你来过这里吗You've been here before?我朋友在这里做了生化增强工业级的My friend had some mech work done here. Industrial staff.我们这里不做生化增强We don't do mech work here.那是我搞错了My mistake.不如来和我们乐一乐不会有人打扰的Why don't you come have fun with us? We will have some privacy.我进去了I'm in.有需要就招呼I'll be here when you need me.你说你朋友在这里工作You say your friend worked here?我说我朋友在这里被改造的I said my friend had work done here.是人类吗She's human?你的朋友Your friend.这是什么意思What's that supposed to mean?巴特Batou.能听到吗Can you hear me?谁改造的你Who did this stunning work on you?动人极了It is divine.拉卓雅枪Ladriya... guns.给Here.巴特没信♥号♥♥了Batou, I'm losing signal.别担心亲爱的Don't worry sweety.不会有人打扰的We have privacy.听Listen.信♥号♥♥进不来也出不去No signal is going in or out.少佐我已就位收到了吗Major, I'm in position. Do you copy?啤酒Beer.再不回复就伤害我的感情了If you don't answer, you're gonna hurt my feelings.拉卓雅能联♥系♥到少佐吗Ladriya, do you have Major on comms?不能信♥号♥♥被阻断了Got nothing. The signal is still blocked.恐怕我很容易失去耐心I am afraid I get bored by that easily, so...既然你不想说you don't wanna talk...也许你想跳舞maybe you wanna dance!少佐快回复Major, come on. Answer me.不是说了不是来找麻烦的I thought you said no trouble.Dance!住手够了No! Enough!真♥相♥是The truth is...我不是被造出来跳舞的I wasn't built to dance.恢复通讯正前往内室Back on comms. I am heading to the back room.我想你了我过去找你I missed you. I'll meet you there.和阪华机械同流合污必将被摧毁Collaborate with Hanka Robotics will be destroyed.少佐Major?巴特呢Where is Batou?在隔壁做增强他很好In enhancement, next door. He is doing well.你承受了主要冲击You took most of the blast.我看到他了I saw him down there.就像是It was like...他在那里等我He waited to see me.我们对你做了突触扫描We synaptic scanned you.你看到的一切都会被发去公♥安♥9课做评估Everything you witnessed went to Section 9 to evaluate.你知道扫描You know, the scan...也扫出了发生小故障的次数also turned up the number of glitches.最近情况变严重了They've been getting worse.从什么时候开始的Since when?自深潜之后Since the deep dive.那些小故障对你有任何意义吗Do any of the glitches mean something to you?No.没有They don't.你和他在同一个外壳里You have been inside the same shell as he has.可能会产生很严重的后果That could have very serious consequences.你没有获得深潜艺妓的授权You were not authorized to deep dive the geisha.你很失望You're disappointed.不我很担心No, I'm worried.你并非坚不可摧You're not invulnerable.我可以修复你的身体但不能保护你的大脑I can repair your body, but I can't protect your mind.为什么不能Why not?你可以看到我的思想You can see all my thoughts so...那你也应该可以保护它们you should be able to secure them.请试着理解你的重要性少佐Try and understand your importance Major.你是人类的最终形态You're what everyone will become one day.你不知道那让我有多孤独You don't know how alone that makes me feel.你知道我可以看见你I can see you out there, you know.我竖了几根手指How many fingers am I holding up?真好笑Funny.说点好听的Say something nice.你自己选择的You chose those?战术选择They are tactical.-一切为了工作-不然我还有什么- Always for the job. - What else I got?-挺合适的-是吗- They suit you. - Yeah?有夜视缩放I got night-vision, mile-zoom,和射线and X-rays.我现在看东西应该和你一样了I guess I see like you now.别担心你会习惯的Don't worry, you'll get used to it.谢谢你救了我Thanks for saving my ass.很高兴你没事Glad to see you're okay..少佐Major?你可以帮我喂狗吗Could you feed the dogs for me?我不想吓到它们I don't want to scare them.没问题Anytime.给你的资金不够吗荒卷先生Are you insufficiently funded, Mr. Aramaki?还是公♥安♥9课少了什么重要的行动资源Is section 9 missing some critical operational resource?我们要求的东西都有了少佐是我们最紧密的武器必须完好无损Major is our most sophisticated weapon only if she is intact.而欧莱特博士告诉我And Dr. Ouelet informed me...你让她深潜了一个被入侵的艺妓that you let her dive a corrupted geisha.你应该明白阪华对政♥府♥来说You realize there is a premium importance非常重要that Hanka represents to this government.而少佐是我公♥司♥的未来Major is the future of my company.如果你再出现这种错误If you compromise your systems again...我会毁了9课I will burn this section.明白了但是请搞清楚你在威胁谁我受命于首相而不是阪华创造属于你的美丽强化你的美丽Create your own beauty. Beauty enhanced.你是人类吗Are you human?是的Yeah.你可以把口罩摘掉吗Can you take that off?我好看看你的脸So I can see your face?这是什么感觉What is that feeling?感觉It feels...不同different.你是什么What are you?机密项目2571机密项目2571阪华个人档案看着我Look at me.告诉我他们夺走了什么Tell me what they took from me.我很抱歉他们并没有告诉我们I am sorry. They never told us.用这眼睛开车感觉很奇怪It feels weird driving with these eyes.你注射那玩意干什么Why do you take that?让我的大脑接受我的身体Um, keeps my brain from rejecting this body.少佐巴特快来Major, Batou, you need to get here.什么情况What you got?又一个阪华科学家被杀了Another Hanka scientist has been found dead.是达林It's Dahlin.Got it.少佐这边Major this way.机密项目2571这是什么What is that?她发现了九世从奥斯蒙那里偷走了什么She found what Kuze stole from Osmond.是一个列表列出了所有参与2571项目的人员It's a list of everyone who worked on a project called 2571.也就是他的目标That's who he's targeting.列表上还有其他人吗Is there anyone else on that list?欧莱特博士找到欧莱特快Find Oulet. Now!她在路上通讯系统联♥系♥不上She is in transit. Her comms are down.我看着她想I'm looking at her and thinking...你还想让我付小提琴的钱"You want me to for pay for violin too".别搞错Don't get me wrong.我爱那小姑娘I love that chick to pieces.真的她很棒I do. She is amazing.但听她拉琴很痛苦知道吗But when she prox that thing, it's painful right?为什么不学钢琴Why not piano?价格一样听着还好听I mean, it's the same price, and doesn't sound so bad.即使你弹得不好听着也...At least if you can't play that proper, it sounds...2571 告诉我2-5-7-1! Tell me everything!你愿意为了2571而死...Are you prepare to die for 2-5-7...?上Go!上Go!九世是谁Who is Kuze?-他为什么要杀欧莱特-我不知道- Why does he want to kill Ouelet? - I don't know anything.够了够了Enough, enough!不能杀了他We need him alive.求你们了我已经说过了Please. I have been through this.你们抓错人了You have the wrong guy.那告诉我们你是谁So tell us who we do have.我是李·康宁汉My name is Lee Cunningham.-你的武器哪儿弄来的-我不知道- Where'd you get the weapons? - I don't know.地雷谁放的Who loaded the mines?我不知道武器的事我告诉你了I don't know anything about the weapons, alright? I told you.我当时在接我女儿她去学小提琴I was picking up my daughter. She takes violin lessons.她叫什么名字What's her name?-这是她吗-是的- Is this her? - Yeah.像不像个小天使Isn't she a little angel?-这是你女儿-是的- This is your daughter? - Right.你有孩子吗Do you have kids?你住在哪儿Where do you live?我想不起来了I can't remember.好像是栋高楼是高楼吗I think it's a tall place. Is it a tall building?是高楼对吧It's a tall place, right?你没孩子You don't have a child.你没妻子你独居一个人You have no wife. You live alone, It's just you.-什么不是的-我们去过你家了- What? No. - We went to your apartment.-那里没人-不是的- There was nobody there. - No.-你一个人在那里住了10年-不是的-You live there for 10 years by yourself. - No!-你在说谎-我没说谎- You're just lying. - I'm not lying.我没杀人I didn't kill anyone!-你为什么要这么对我-全息屋断开- Why do you keep doing this to me? - Holocube disconnect.求你了Please!我什么都没做I didn't do anything.为什么不停的对我说这些Why do you keep saying this to me?我不明白他怎么会不知道I don't understand. How can he not know?入侵创造了真空九世抹除了他的记忆The hack must have created a vacuum. Kuze's wiped his memory...并植入了一个全新的现实and somehow installed a new reality.至少他相信他有一个孩子At least he got to believe he had a kid.有什么区别What's the difference huh?幻想现实Fantasy, reality?梦境记忆Dreams, memories?都一样It's all the same.都是噪音Just noise.是他It's him.他在里面He is in there.全息屋有加密措施他进不来少佐This cube is secure. He can't be, Major.测谎仪Lie Detector.他一定是通过测谎仪入侵的He must have hacked in that way.我们可以用仪器上传数据We should uplink to the machine,追踪代码找到他的位置trace the code, get a lock on his location.快Do it.别进去太危险了Don't go in there. It's too dangerous.少佐我们不知道他还有什么手段信♥号♥♥不稳定你能锁定他吗The signal is unstable. Can you get the lock on him?动作快他快不行了We gotta move fast. We're losing him.连接中Connecting.你是谁Who are you?过来Come here.我很害羞I am shy.我并不美丽I am not beautiful...和你一样like you.告诉我你是谁Tell me who you are.我曾涅槃重生I have been born more than once.所以我并不只有一个名字So I have more than one name.我会找到你的I'll find you.时候未到Not yet.我还有未竟之事I am not done.机器正在追踪他的位置The machine is tracing his location.有地点了We got a fix!我要见她I need to see her.不求你了我知道No, please. I know..What...找到他了We got him.我们走Let's go.武器准备好Weapons up.-上-跟着我- Go. - On me.趴下趴下Stay Down! Stay Down!把刀放下放下Put it down, put it down.手榴弹Grenade!少佐Major!回答Come in.我知道我们为什么找不到他了I knew why we could not find him.他利用人类大脑创造了自己的网络He is using human minds to create a network of his own.我们正前往你的位置We're coming to your position.告诉我你是谁Tell me who you are.我是你想摧毁的人I'm that what you seek to destroy.在这一世我叫In this life, my name is...九世Kuze.你要对我做些什么What are you doing to me?我将你连接到了我创造的网络I have, connected you, to a network of my own creation.当我结束于现世When I am finished in this world...我的魂魄将存活于网络内直到重生my ghost can survive there and regenerate.你想要怎么样What do you want from me?你在I became...深潜艺妓时fascinated with you...我读了你的代码Reading your code...对你非常着迷when you were inside that geisha.和我曾经看过的都不一样但是却Like nothing I had felt before, yet so..如此熟悉familiar.我们是一类人We are the same.我们不是一类人We are not the same.你杀害无辜的人You kill innocent people.无辜你这么称呼他们Innocent? Is that the.. what you call them?他们制♥造♥了我I am as they made me.谁制♥造♥了你Who made you?他们怎么跟你说的What have they told you?你是第一个That you were the first?第一个救活过来的大脑The first cerebral salvage.你的出生得益于You were born of lessons...我的失败from my failure.你说什么What are you talking about?他们肢解我把我像垃圾一样丢弃时I was conscious while they dismembered my body,我的意识完全清醒and discarded me like garbage.我躺在手术台上I was lying on a table...听那些医生说listening to doctors talk我的大脑和他们所建造的外壳about how my mind had not matched with the shell无法同步that they had built.我是2571号♥项目I'm projected to 2571...我失败了had failed...他们放弃了我而去研究and they had to move on...你to you.你真是一个美人What a beauty you are.自♥制♥造我以来They have improved us so much...他们进步了许多since they made me.他们认为我们是他们进化的一部分They thought that we would be a part of their evolution.但他们把我们创造出来But they have created us...让我们可以单独进化to evolve alone...超越他们beyond them.进化你这么认为Evolution? That's what you call?杀了所有创造出你的人Killing everyone who made you?你根本没听进去You are not listening to me.你是杀人凶手You are murderer.是他们先想杀了我They tried to kill me first.我这是自卫It is self-defense.。
商务英语电传知识-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1浅谈商务英语电传文稿的草拟与翻译廖瑛摘要:本文论述电传英语的结构和英文电传文稿的草拟和翻译法。
关键词:英文电传、草拟、翻译Abstract: The structure of “telex English” and the drafting and translation of English telex message is discussed in this paper.Key words: English telex, drafting, translation在国际商务活动中,许多生意都是买卖双方通过电传交换思想和信息而做成的。
然而电传文稿多用特定的缩写字、省略句和转换法来表达,这对翻译和草拟电传文稿带来了很多困难。
试读下例电传文稿,初看一下,真叫不懂电传用语的译者一筹莫展:TK U FR OFR DATD 15TH OCT. HWVR AFTR DISCSN WZ MANY CLIENTS, ALL AGR YR PRCS TOO HIGH. V ACPT ALL QNTY OFRD BUT NEED 5PCT PRC REDCTN. PLS ACPT TO ENBL US MAINTN OUR SALES VOLM CHINA SILK. BST RGDS.然而,笔者根据多年的实际翻译工作经验,对电传文稿进行了详细的研究和分析,认为英文电传用语有其特定的构词方法和句子结构。
草拟和翻译商务英语电传文稿不是无章可依,而是有规可循的。
归纳起来,必须遵循如下三条基本规则:一、缩写规则(Abbreviation):电传文稿的单词缩写规则比较特殊和复杂,有些和一般缩写词一样,有些却有其独特的形式,归纳起来有如下几种:1. 利用一个短语或单位名称的各单词的首写字母构成电传文稿。
如:all risk -→AR 综合险 European Economic Community -→EEC 欧共体account payable -→AP 应付款 as soon as possible-→ASAP 尽可能快account receivable -→AR 应收款 bank of China -→BOC 中国银行balance sheet -→BS 余额表 cash against document -→CAD 付现交单cash on delivery -→COD 货到付款 import licence -→IL 进口许可证pay on delivery -→POD 发货付款 cost insurance and freight -→CIF 到岸价Metric Ton -→MT 公吨 European main port -→EMP 欧洲主要港口free on board -→ FOB 离岸价 for your reference -→ FYR 供你参考free of interest -→FOI 免税 in your favor -→IYF 以你方为受益人refer to your letter -→RYL 参见你方来函 refer to your cable -→RYC 参见你方来电2. 保留开头的元音字母和所有的辅音字母(并列的两个相同的辅音字母只留一个),省略其他的元音字母(有时为读音方便,中间也可保留一个元音字母。
第十七章悬架导向机构引言设计量产车或赛车的悬架系统需要各方面的科学知识。
这个章节只涵盖这些方面中的一个---悬架运动和几何。
这个章节不涉及平顺性和部件在载荷下的弯曲变现。
这些东西会在第23章中讨论我们讨论的悬架几何指的是广义上的如何把非簧载质量连接在簧载质量。
这些连接不仅仅决定它们之间的相对运动还控制它们之间力的传递。
任何特定的几何设计都必须是为了配合特定的车型而设计的。
不存在最好的几何结构。
17.1自由度和运动轨迹对于一个非独立悬架,作为前或后悬架,这个控制臂总成是被用来控制某个车轮相对于车身的运动路径。
这个轨迹包括轮胎倾角的增加,主销内倾和束角的变化,这些都按照设计者的要求。
但他任然按照一个轨迹上下运动。
在工程界,我们可以说车轮有一个固定的相对车身运动的路径。
车轮不被不允许在这个轨迹的前后和侧面运动。
转向节除了确定的路径不被允许旋转。
(当然轮胎被允许绕着轴旋转)悬架连杆被要求在各个方向上将转向节非常准确的定位而允许他上下运动。
前悬架只有当转向系统要求时才需要留出转向角度空间对任何相对于别的物体运动的物体,它的运动可以用三个直线自由度和三个旋转自由度完全定义。
一个在三维空间的单个的物体可以说有六个自由度。
我们在之前说过:任何独立悬架只允许有一个转向节相对车架运动的路径。
另一个相同的说法是悬架提供五个方向的自由度限制。
它严格控制了在五个方向上的运动。
在现实世界中,这种机械装置就限制特定的自由度反面而言是不完美的。
所以学习独立悬架几何就是确定如何限制转向节在五个方向上的运动。
如果你唯一可以用来设计悬架几何的部件是两头都带球头销的直杆,这个要求的限制可以用五个连杆来完成。
换句话说要限制五个自由度需要用正好五根拉压杆来完成。
为了理解这个观点要先了解相关部件,我们应该了解什么类型的悬架部件可以提供什么样的约束。
通过17.2你可以看到A臂相当于两个直杆外端连在一个球头销上。
一个麦克弗森支柱是一个滑竿运动机构,相当于一个无限长的直角滑块的A臂现在,有了这个概念,我们可以看到大多数独立悬架是由5根这样的连杆组成的。
这是一个典型的双A臂悬架,有两个A臂和一个拉杆。
因此,每个A臂是两个拉杆和一个横拉杆总共五个。
一个麦弗逊悬支柱有两个连杆约束,下A臂有两个,横拉杆一个共五个。
有些悬架因为杆比较少而不这么明显。
不过它们通常的做法是引入一个弯曲要求来达要求的运动约束。
一个这方面的例子是前置斜定位臂后悬架。
在这种悬架中就有一个臂,他的作用相当于五个直杆,不过为了做到这点,他必须在三个旋转方向上扭转和弯曲比较硬。
对于一体式后轴(有时用在前轴),两个车轮是被绑在一起的,所以一个车轮的运动会影响到另一个。
当两个车轮连在一起,他们相对于车身有两种不同的运动关系,它们可以一起上下运动(平行运动)或者它可以在相反的方向上运动一个向上一个向下(滚动)。
在运动学中这个轴就有两个相对车身运动的自由度。
在空间运动中有六个自由度,但我们设计一体式悬架时我们要约束其中四个。
这可以通过只使用四个拉压杆件来实现。
17.2瞬心的定义贯穿这个章节余下内容的瞬心被用来描述和决定一般悬架的参数。
为了能够更清楚地讨论关于瞬心的问题。
这个“瞬间”的意思是杆系的某个特殊位置。
中心指的是假设一个虚拟的点替代这个杆系在这个瞬间的旋转中心。
图17.5展示了如两根短杆如何被一根较长的杆代替。
当这个杆系运动时,这个中点也在运动。
所以合适的几何结构设计不仅仅要让所有瞬心都在所要求的位置上(相对车身高度的方向),而且要控制它的运动速度和悬架运动时他们的运动方向。
瞬心是来自于对二维空间的运动学的研究(也就是在一个平面上)。
他们是一个方便地建立两个运动件间运动关系的图示法。
在悬架设计中它可以方便地把一个三维问题转换成二维问题。
我们这里谈论的是正视图和侧视图。
我们要做的是做一个通过轮胎中心的垂面(即与地面成90°的面),一个平行于车辆中心线,另一个与车辆中心线成直角。
我们把悬架上所有点都投影到这些面上。
当我们来连接球头销和控制臂轴套并将它投影相交在一个面,上下控制臂都做这样一个线,他们通常先交在一点。
这个交点就是这个杆系的瞬心。
如果你做了这个投影,在正视图瞬心就确定了车轮外倾角变化率,一部分侧倾中心数据(信息),主销运动和决定转向特性所需要的数据。
如果你在侧视图上这么做,这个瞬心定义了车轮前后纵向运动的路径,抗点头,抬头的信息和主销后倾变化率。
就所有的三维物体,可以得到三个正交的视图,因为第三个方向的视图(俯视图)包含的有用轮胎轨迹信息很少。
瞬时轴线在真正的三维空间中,瞬心可以用瞬时轴线来代替。
如果我们在侧视图和后视图上画出瞬心并把他们连接起来我们就会得到一根线。
这根线可以被认为是转向节相对于车身运动的瞬时轴线。
独立悬架有一个瞬时运动轴线因为他们有五个被限制的自由度,当然,这跟线随着车身高度变化而变化。
后轴有两根瞬时轴线,一个是平行的上下运动,一个是转动;这些也是随着车身高度的变化而移动的。
所以任何时候我们研究一个特定的悬架系统我们都应该建立瞬心或瞬时轴线。
这章剩下的部分将用于讨论典型的前后悬架,和讨论如何调节他们以符合赛车的需要。
17.3独立悬架所有的独立悬架都有两个瞬心(随上升和下降变化)这个决定了所设计悬架的性能。
侧视图上的瞬心控制着于纵向加速度相关的力和运动因素,同时正视图上的侧倾中心控制着与侧向加速度有关的力和运动因素。
正视图悬架几何正视图控制臂的瞬心位置决定了侧倾中心高度,轮胎外倾变化率和轮胎侧向磨损。
这个瞬心可以在轮胎的内侧也可以在轮胎的外侧。
它可以在地面以上或以下。
这个位置取决于设计者对性能的要求。
侧倾中心侧倾中心高度是通过投影从车轮接地面中心到正视图瞬心连线建立的如图17.7。
在车的每一侧都重复做。
这两条线的交点就是这辆车簧载质量相对地面的侧倾中心。
它不是必须在车的中心线上,特别是在非对称的悬架几何上或是假设车在转向侧倾时。
很明显侧倾中心高于或低于地面是受到瞬心的高度控制的,这其中包括轮胎瞬心的位置,瞬心是在轮胎接地点的内侧还是外侧。
既然现在你知道如何找到侧倾中心,那它意味着什么?侧倾中心建立了簧载和非簧载质量的力连接点。
当汽车转向时,重心处的离心力由轮胎来抵抗。
正如图中的那样作用在重心的侧向力可以被转换到侧倾中心上变成适当的力和力矩。
越高的侧倾中心对应更小的侧倾力矩,越低的侧倾中心对应更大的侧倾力矩。
你同样会注意到高的侧倾中心使作用在侧倾中心上的侧向力是高于地面的。
侧倾力乘以到地面的距离可以被称为非侧倾力矩。
所以侧倾中心的高度用来权衡侧倾力矩和非侧倾力矩的效果(具体见18章)上面提到的这些是简单的和直接的。
当然另一个建立理想侧倾中心高度的因素是水平和垂直方向的综合作用。
如果侧倾中心在地面以上由车轮传来的侧向力会在瞬心产生一个力矩。
这个力矩向下压轮胎同时向上抬簧载质量,这被称为千斤顶效应。
如果侧倾中心在地面下这些力会向下压簧载质量。
无论哪种情况簧载质量都会因为侧向力而产生一个垂直方向的偏移!这点经常出现在摆动桥后悬架的老式车上。
另一种分析这个现象的方法如B,这个在轮胎接地点的合力是用图示法画出在瞬心处的合力的反作用力,同时侧向和垂直的分力也被画出,这个画出的垂直分力会举起簧载质量。
车轮外倾角变化率轮胎外倾角变化率只与正视图等效摆臂的长度有关然而侧倾中心是正视图等效摆臂的长度和高度决定了侧倾中心(figure 17.9)。
如果你用一根从转向节到瞬心的单独杆来代替悬架控制臂,这个轮胎外倾角的变化率是即车轮每运动一英寸对应的车轮外倾角camber change rate=arctan(l/fvsa length)。
注:这有别于静态车轮外倾设置和定位。
正视图悬架几何变化率早先提及的控制臂摆臂的定义和瞬心中瞬间的意思是指在悬架行程的某个位置上。
记住这个瞬心是会随着轮胎运动的。
它运动的速度多快取决于在正视图和侧视图上控制臂绝对和相对的长度。
外倾角变化曲线可以通过选择不同长度的上控制臂来得到随车轮运动或多或少的外倾角变化尽管此时悬架机构的瞬心高度是相同的。
这里要做的是保持在同一车身高度的横摆臂长度但它变长或变短会随着车轮的运动或快或慢的变化。
磨胎半径另一个可以从正视图上得到的是轮胎拖距。
这是因为轮胎垂直方向上的运动造成的相对于地面侧向运动。
磨胎半径在每种悬架系统上都存在。
磨胎半径的数值由控制臂的长度和正视图瞬心相对于地面的位置所决定的。
当正视图上的瞬心在除了地面外的任何地方上时,磨胎半径是被增加的。
如果瞬心在地面以上并在车轮内侧时,轮胎在上跳时会向外运动。
如果瞬心是在地面以下并车轮内侧时轮胎上跳时是想内侧运动的。
在他运动时这个数值变化多少是由摆臂的长度和摆臂的离地高度有关。
高低不平的路上如果有磨胎半径那轮胎的轨迹就不是一条严格的直线。
(如图17.11)一定的磨胎半径会使得轮胎产生侧向加速度,当向前加速时会改变轮胎的侧偏角。
这就会反过来影响车辆的侧向运动。
在相同的侧偏角下垂直运动时会增加粘性阻尼。
侧视图摆臂几何侧视图摆臂控制前后方向上的控制运动和力。
典型的悬架参数是抗减速前俯(抗点头),加速抗抬头,抗后悬下沉和轮胎轨迹。
侧视图摆臂的位置可以在车轮中心前或后,上或下是所有前后悬架可能用的悬架结构。
典型的侧倾中心是前悬架在车轮中心的后上方,但多数后悬架的侧倾中心是在前上方。
抵抗能力抵抗能力是悬架上的一个术语,他指的是簧载质量和非簧载质量上垂直力和纵向力的连接。
它仅仅和侧视图摆臂的倾斜和角度有关。
悬架的抵抗并不会改变在轮胎接地点上的稳态载荷转移。
这个在恒定加速度或减速度的情况下的纵向载荷转移只和轴距,质心高度,减速度braking force(weight)x(ax /g)有关,就像在图17.12中所示的车。
这里的轮荷变化悬架抵抗能力的大小不会改变由弹簧和车身姿态决定的载荷分配。
图7.12所示的是一辆轮边制动的车,用图示法表示了由抗减速前俯,加速抗后蹲几何结构所产生的反作用力。
这个制动力分配(或制动力平衡)决定了纵向合力中一部分力。
前面的抗前俯率为:(h/l)/g)(a m length)-a height/svs -vsa braking)(s /g)(%front m(a %x x ⨯⨯=-divefront anti 计算后悬架的抗前俯率时替换成后轮角度和制动分配率。
图17.3,17.14和17.15展示的是在其他情况下用适当的角度计算抗前俯率。
如果悬架有百分之百的抗前俯率,所有的纵向力转移都必须由控制臂来承担而悬架弹簧一点都不承担,所以当加速或制动时悬架没有运动。
如果悬架的抗前俯率是零,那么所有的轴荷转移都是由弹簧的反作用力产生的同时悬架的变形与车轮中心刚度成比例,没有转移的载荷需要悬架控制臂来承担。
抗前俯率为零的情况出现在如图所示的θ和φ为零的时候。