Unit 1语法 短语类型及用法练习
高一英语（人教版2019必修1）
名词短语是以一个名词为中心构成的短语，语法功能相当于名词。它由几个名词或名词及其修饰语构成。名词短语比起单个名词表述得更加具体、形象。
1.常见的名词短语
(1)冠词+形容词+名词
an exciting experience一次激动人心的经历 a long history 一段悠久的历史
(2)冠词+名词+介词+名词
a piece of bread一块面包 a glass of water一杯水
(3)名词所有格+名词
Tom’s book 汤姆的书 today’s newspaper 今天的报纸
(4)名词 +to/with/for介词短语
① the way to success 成功之道②a man with good manners有礼貌的人③books for
children 儿童读物
(5)名词作定语的名词短语
railway station 火车站 shoe factory 鞋厂silk dress 丝绸连衣裙 glass cup玻璃杯
2.名词短语的句法功能
(1)名词短语作主语(谓语动词的单复数一般与名词短语的中心词保持一致)
The flower shop is just around the corner and you won’t miss it.花店就在拐角处，你一定会找到它的。
(2)名词短语作宾语
I want to have a trip to Europe.我想去欧洲旅行。
(3)名词短语作表语
This is an exciting experience which will never be forgotten.这是一次激动人心、永远难以忘怀的经历。
形容词短语
形容词短语是由几个形容词或形容词及其修饰语构成的短语。
1. 常见的形容词短语
(1)两个或多个形容词可以由and，but等连词连接，构成形容词短语。 safe and sound 安然无恙 young but clever 年纪小但聪明
Unit 1 Friendship
Period One Warming Up & Reading
Ⅰ.用适当的介、副词填空
1．Add ________ your score and see how many points you get.
2．You will ignore the bell and go somewhere quiet to calm your friend ________.
3．You will tell your friend that you are concerned ________ him/her and you will meet after
class and talk then.
4．Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything ________，like your deepest feelings
and thoughts?
5．Or are you afraid that your friend would laugh ________ you，or would not understand
what you are going through?
6．I don’t want to set down a series ________ facts ________ a diary as most people do.
7．I’ve grown so crazy ________ everything to do ________ nature.
8．________ example，one evening when it was so warm，I stayed awake ________ purpose
________ half past eleven in order to have a good look ________ the moon by myself.
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7 Grammar
Direct and Indirect Speech Ⅰ直接引语和间接引语（Ⅰ）
直接引语(direct speech):直接引用别人的话, 把它放在引号内。
间接引语(indirect speech):用自己的话转述别人的话。
1.转述他人的陈述→陈述句She said , “I’m going to Beijing.”
She said that she was going to Beijing.
2.转述他人的疑问→一般疑问句He asked, “Are you a doctor?”
He asked me if/whether I was a doctor.
3.转述他人的问题→特殊疑问句 She asked, “What are you doing?”
She asked me what I was doing.
直接引语变成间接引语, 句子结构的变化
陈述句
用连词that引导, that在口语中常省略。主句的谓语动词可直接用引语中的said, 也可用told来代替, 注意, 可以说said that, said to sb. that, told sb. that, 不可直接说 told that。
He said, “I have been to Japan.”
He said to us that he had been to Japan.
She said, “I’ll give you an exam tomorrow.”
She told us that she would give us an exam tomorrow.
陈述句解题步骤:
“I don’t like computers,” Sarah said to her friends.
Sarah said to her friends that
简单句的五种基本结构以及句子成分
了解中英文思维的差别
中文重“意”，英文重“形”
共同点：陈述对象+陈述内容 即 主+ 谓（主干）
建议：在复习复杂的难句结构时， 首先要找到句子的谓语，包括主句的谓语以及各个从句的谓语。
Another way of naming places is naming them after other places. Perhaps they
were named to promote friendships between the two places or it could be that the people
who used to live there were originally from the places that the roads were named after.
（另一个命名地方的方式是以其他地方命名。也许他们的名字是为了促进两地之间的友谊，也可能是原来住在那里的人是来自于道路得名的地方。）
英语句型的结构：主干+其他成分（从句，介短，非谓，时状）
A man was standing at a bus stop eating fish and chips. An old lady and her
little white dog stood next to him. The dog, excited by the smell of the fish and chips,
started to bark and jump up on the man’s leg.
“Do you mind if I throw him a bit?”
“Not at all,” she said. “Go ahead.”
So the man picked up the little dog and threw it over a wall.
简单句的五种基本结构以及句子成分
