of which用法
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of which的用法一、"Of which" 的含义和用法解析"Of which" 是一个常见的英语短语,主要用在从句中表示所属关系或描述某个集合中的部分。
它由介词 "of" 和代词 "which" 组成,可以在句子中作为介词短语或定语从句引导词使用。
1. 所属关系的表达在表达所属关系时,我们可以使用 "of which" 来连接两个名词,并且通常将"of which" 放置在被修饰名词后面。
例如:- The hotel, the rooms of which are recently renovated, is very popular among tourists.(这家酒店的客房最近进行了翻新,非常受游客欢迎。
)- She showed us her collection, some of which were rare antiques.(她向我们展示了她的藏品,其中一些是稀有的古董。
)2. 集合中的部分描述除了表示所属关系外,“of which” 也经常用来描述集合中的某个具体部分。
这种用法通常出现在以逗号分隔多个项目且需要详细展开解释时。
比如:- He listed several reasons for his decision, the most important of which was financial stability.(他列出了他做决定的几个理由,其中最重要的是财务稳定。
)- There are many dogs in the park, some of which are trained to assist people with disabilities.(公园里有很多狗,其中一些经过训练可以帮助残障人士。
)3. 关于介词位置的注意事项需要注意的是,"of which" 中的介词 "of" 不能提前到从句中的动词之前。
of which用法
of which 是一个固定搭配,表示“哪一个/那些”,常用于将某个概念中的某部分拿出来新建一句,而其中前面的内容用于作为后面的定语从句的主语。
具体来说,of which 是一个由定冠词the + 名词组成的结构,用于后接一个表示特定事物的定语从句。
下面举一个例子:
The American Civil War lasted four years, of which the last year was the most destructive.
美国内战持续了4年,其中最后一年是最大的破坏力。
如果在本句子中把 of which 换成 which,就达不到表达的目的,因为 which 后面无法接定语从句,也就意味着不能指定究竟是哪一年。
of which 后面可以接介词短语、代词或者名词,也可以接十分复杂的句子,都是可以的。
下面举几个示例:
互联网使得可以在线订票,很多人都利用了这个优势。
他在伦敦参加了一场马拉松比赛,大部分用时不到三个小时就完成了。
哈佛大学拥有一个庞大的图书馆,其中有许多书籍都非常值钱。
另外, of which 后面要求接定语从句,但并不要求后面跟着定语从句中一定要有whom、which 和 that 的关系词,也可以是直接接主语、不定式或者形容词等等。
下面举例说明:
彼得是个医生,他很自豪。
这个城市满是各种画廊,去参观是一种很大的乐趣。
他出生于1908年,当时的社会仍然非常守财奴制。
总之,of which 是一种将某个概念中的某部分单独拿出来构成一句的结构,可以接介词短语、代词、名词或者复杂句子,通过用这个结构可以有效地描述内容。
定语从句whose和of which的用法区别定语从句是英语语法中一种用来修饰名词或代词的从句。
其中,whose和of which是两种常见的关系代词,用于引导定语从句。
它们有一些区别,具体如下:1. 表示所有关系的whose:whose用于表示所有关系,相当于汉语中的“......的”。
例如:- The book whose cover is blue is mine.(那本书的封面是蓝色的,是我的。
)- The house whose windows are broken is for sale.(那所窗户破裂的房子正在出售。
)在上述例句中,whose引导的定语从句说明了名词的所有者或主体。
2. 表示属于关系的of which:of which也表示属于关系,相当于汉语中的“......的”。
但与whose不同,of which后面的定语从句通常对前面的名词进行补充说明。
例如:- The car, the wheels of which are black, belongs to me.(那辆车,其轮子是黑色的,属于我。
)- The building, the roof of which is made of glass, is a famous tourist attraction.(那座建筑,其屋顶是玻璃制成的,是一个著名的旅游景点。
)在上述例句中,of which引导的定语从句给出了更多关于前面名词的描述信息。
总而言之,无论是whose还是of which,都用于引导定语从句,修饰名词或代词。
使用whose时,定语从句通常表示名词的所有关系;而使用of which时,定语从句更多地提供对名词的描述补充。
在使用时,我们需要根据具体语境选择合适的关系代词。
of whom和of which用法归纳1. of表示同位关系:即用于在A+of+B结构,其中的A和B为同位关系。
如:Her sons, both of whom work abroad, ring her up every week. 她的两个儿子,都在国外工作,他们每周都给她打电话来。
We’ve tested three hundred types of boot, none of which is completely waterproof.我们已经测试过300种靴子,没有一种是完全防水的。
2. of表示整体与部分的关系:即用于“部分+of+整体(which, whom)”结构。
如:He went with a group of people, few of whom were correctly equipped for such a c limb. 他和一队人一起去了,其中没有几个人配有进行这样一次登山的适当装备。
The buses, most of which were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd. 公共汽车大多数都已经挤满了人,它们被愤怒的人群包围着。
I met the fruit-pickers, several of whom were university students. 我遇到了摘水果的人们,其中有几个人是大学生。
3. of表示所属关系:即of用于构成所有格。
如:He’s written a book the name of which I’ve forgotten. 他写了一本书,书名我给忘了。
The house the roof of which was damaged has now been repaired. 那幢屋顶被损坏的房子现在已经修好了。
4. of与其他的词构成固定搭配:即of与从句中的某个词语构成固定搭配。
of which用法
定语从句的主语是few, little, some, most, many, much等时,一般只用of whom和of which。
定语从句的主语是数词、形容词的最高级时,一般只用of whom和of which。
The cell is the unit of which all living organisms are composed.
细胞是构成一切生物的`单位。
The trip was magical; the stuff of which dreams are made.
那是一次奇妙的旅行,宛如梦境。
I saw three camp beds, two of which were occupied.
我看见了3张折叠床,其中两张已有人占了。
Many theories on punishment exist, all of which are variations on a theme.
关于惩罚的理论有很多,虽形式略有不同,但其主旨都是一样的。
We are dealing with an epidemic the likes of which we have never seen in this century.
我们面临的疫情规模在本世纪尚属空前。
of which 的用法一、什么是 "of which"?二、"of which" 的用法及示例1. 介词+关系代词2. 非限定性定语从句引导词三、常见错误使用情况及改正方法四、总结一、什么是 "of which"?"of which" 是英语中常见的短语,由介词 "of" 和关系代词 "which" 组成。
它在句子中起到连接名词或代词与其先行词,并引导定语从句的作用。
二、"of which" 的用法及示例1. 介词+关系代词:当先行词是一个带有介词的短语时,我们可以使用 "of which" 来引导一个定语从句,进一步修饰先行词。
示例:A) I bought a book, the cover of which was torn.我买了一本书,封面被撕破了。
(其中的状况即指这本书,而不是其他书)B) She has two daughters, both of whom are doctors.她有两个女儿,他们都是医生。
(这两个女儿具体指这位女士拥有的女儿,并没有混淆其他人)2. 非限定性定语从句引导词:在非限定性定语从句中,也可以使用 "of which" 来引导从句。
非限定制定语从句不是必需知道其先行词的具体身份。
示例:A) The professor stepped into the classroom, the lights of which were already on.这位教授走进教室,已经打开了灯。
(灯是在对话之前被打开的)B) I visited the ancient city, the beauty of which was breathtaking.我参观了这座古城,它的美令人惊叹。
(表达对美丽景色的感叹)三、常见错误使用情况及改正方法1. 错误:使用 "of that" 代替 "of which"。
定语从句中的ofwhich用法定语从句中的"of which" 用法在英语语法中,定语从句是一种用来修饰名词的从句结构。
而在定语从句中,我们常常会遇到一个特殊的用法,即使用"of which" 来引导定语从句。
本文将着重探讨这一用法,从不同的类别进行分类,以帮助读者更好地理解和运用。
一、物体类:在描述一个物体时,我们可以使用"of which" 引导定语从句,进一步介绍该物体的具体特征或归属。
例如:1. The book, the cover of which is red, is a bestseller.这本书,其封面是红色的,是一本畅销书。
2. The car, the top of which is convertible, is perfect for summer drives.这辆车,其车顶是可敞篷的,非常适合夏季驾驶。
二、人物类:类似于物体类的情况,我们也可以使用"of which" 引导定语从句,用于描述人物的特征或背景。
例如:1. John, the son of which was a famous musician, became a talented pianist himself.约翰的父亲是一位著名的音乐家,他自己也成为了一位才华横溢的钢琴家。
2. Mary, the friend of which I have known for years, always gives me great advice.我认识玛丽已经有好几年了,她总是给我很好的建议。
三、抽象概念类:当我们描述抽象概念时,亦可用"of which" 引导定语从句,进一步说明该概念的性质或特征。
例如:1. Happiness, the pursuit of which is a common goal for all humans, can be achieved through different means.幸福,追求它是所有人类的共同目标,可以通过不同的方式实现。
of which,in which用法of which, in which用法详解1. 介绍of which和in which是常见的英语短语,用来描述定语从句中的介词短语。
它们在句子中的位置不同,且分别适用于特定的句法结构。
本文将详细解释它们的用法。
2. of which用法of which在句子中通常用来指代一个名词,并作为定语从句的引导词。
使用of which的基本句式结构为:主句 + of which + 完整的定语从句。
of which用于指代物体of which通常用于指代已经提到的物体或事物。
例子: - He showed me his paintings, some of which were truly stunning. - The company has many branches, one of which is located in Shanghai.of which用于指代人of which也可以用于指代已提到的人。
例子: - There were many friends at the party, some of who m I haven’t seen for years. - I have several brothers, one of whom is a doctor.3. in which用法in which在句子中用来引导定语从句,修饰表示时间、地点或方式的名词。
使用in which的基本句式结构为:主句 + in which + 完整的定语从句。
in which用于指代时间in which常用于修饰时间的名词,通常是指代具体的时间段或事件发生的时间。
例子: - I still remember the day in which we first met. - I attended the conference, in which many experts shared their findings.in which用于指代地点in which也可以用于修饰表示地点的名词,表示事件发生的具体地点。
of whom和of which用法归纳1. of表示同位关系:即用于在A+of+B结构,其中的A和B为同位关系。
如:Her sons, both of whom work abroad, ring her up every week. 她的两个儿子,都在国外工作,他们每周都给她打电话来。
We’ve tested three hundred types of boot, none of which is completely waterproof. 我们已经测试过300种靴子,没有一种是完全防水的。
2. of表示整体与部分的关系:即用于“部分+of+整体(which, whom)”结构。
如:He went with a group of people, few of whom were correctly equipped for such a climb. 他和一队人一起去了,其中没有几个人配有进行这样一次登山的适当装备。
The buses, most of which were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd. 公共汽车大多数都已经挤满了人,它们被愤怒的人群包围着。
I met the fruit-pickers, several of whom were university students. 我遇到了摘水果的人们,其中有几个人是大学生。
3. of表示所属关系:即of用于构成所有格。
如:He’s written a book the name of which I’ve forgotten. 他写了一本书,书名我给忘了。
The house the roof of which was damaged has now been repaired. 那幢屋顶被损坏的房子现在已经修好了。
4. of与其他的词构成固定搭配:即of与从句中的某个词语构成固定搭配。
ofwhich的用法归纳一、of which的基本用法及含义of which是一个由of和which组成的词组,常用来引导一个名词性短语,用于表示关系或归属。
在句子中,of which紧跟在先行词之后,并与先行词一起形成关系从句。
1.1引导定语从句最常见的用法是作为定语从句引导词,在对先行词进行限定或补充说明时使用。
这种情况下,of which可以被翻译为“其中的”、“它们中的”。
例句:The books, of which some are written by famous authors, are highly recommended.(这些书中有些是著名作家所写的,非常值得推荐。
)She showed me her photo collection, most of which were taken during her travels.(她向我展示了她的照片收藏品,其中大部分是她旅行时拍摄的。
)1.2 引导非限制性定语从句当我们需要对前面所述内容进行进一步详细阐述、解释或例证时,可以使用非限制性定语从句。
这时,of which指代的通常不是一个具体的先行词,而且这种用法比较正式。
例句:He received an award for his outstanding achievement in the company, of which heis very proud.(他因在公司取得卓越成就而获得了奖励,对此他感到非常自豪。
)1.3 引导表语从句of which有时也可以用来引导表语从句,表达一种所属或归属关系。
例句:I refused the offer, the terms of which were not acceptable to me.(我拒绝了那个提议,因为它的条件对我来说是不可接受的。
)二、of which的灵活应用2.1 经济领域在经济领域中,of which经常被用于表示数量、比例以及成本等方面的信息。
of whom和of which用法归纳
1. of表示同位关系:即用于在A+of+B结构,其中的A和B为同位关系。
如:
Her sons, both of whom work abroad, ring her up every week. 她的两个儿子,都在国外工作,他们每周都给她打电话来。
We’ve tested three hundred types of boot, none of which is completely waterproof.我们已经测试过300种靴子,没有一种是完全防水的。
2. of表示整体与部分的关系:即用于“部分+of+整体(which, whom)”结构。
如:
He went with a group of people, few of whom were correctly equipped for such a climb. 他和一队人一起去了,其中没有几个人配有进行这样一次登山的适当装备。
The buses, most of which were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd. 公共汽车大多数都已经挤满了人,它们被愤怒的人群包围着。
I met the fruit-pickers, several of whom were university students. 我遇到了摘水果的人们,其中有几个人是大学生。
3. of表示所属关系:即of用于构成所有格。
如:
He’s written a book the name of which I’ve forgotten.他写了一本书,书名我给忘了。
The house the roof of which was damaged has now been repaired. 那幢屋顶被损坏的房子现在已经修好了。
4. of与其他的词构成固定搭配:即of与从句中的某个词语构成固定搭配。
如:
He’s married to a singer of whom you may have heard.他与一位歌唱家结了婚,你可能听说过这个人。
(介词of与动词hear构成固定搭配,意为“听说”)
注意:介词of后面除接关系代词which, whom外,有时也可能是whose。
如:
She had a teddy-bear, both of whose eyes were missing. 她有一个玩具熊,它的两只眼睛都丢了。
which特殊用法
大家都知道which引导定语从句时,在从句中主要作主语和宾语,若要作定语时,一般要用whose引导。
一般用法:
【which作主语】:
Did you see the letter which came today? 你看到今天来的那封信了吗?
【which作宾语】:
This is the book which I told you about. 这就是我跟你说过的那本书。
【whose作定语】:
We looked at the tower whose spire was golden. 我们望着塔尖是金黄色的那座塔。
(= We looked at the tower the spire of which was golden.)
典型题:
The latest model of this lap-top, ______ appearance remains unchanged, works much faster than the old one. (潍坊市二轮验收)
A. though
B. which
C. of which
D. whose
答案:D。
考查非限制性定语从句。
引导词在从句中作定语,因此选whose。
The latest model of this lap-top, whose appearance remains unchanged, works much faster than the old one.
= The latest model of this lap-top, the appearance of which remains unchanged, works much faster than the old one.
【which特殊用法】1:
※但有时which也可作定语,这种情况很特殊,要特别关注。
I may have to go into hospital, in which case I won't be going on holiday.
我可能要住院,如果那样我就不去度假了。
She may have missed the train, in which case she won’t arrive for another hou r.
她可能没有赶上火车,那样再过一个小时她也到不了。
Tom spent four years in college, during which time he learned French.
汤姆读了四年大学,在此期间他学了法语。
I called him by the wrong name, for which mistake I apologize.
我叫他叫错了名,我为此道歉。
典型题:
She may have missed the train, ______ she won't arrive before 5 o'clock.
A. in that case
B. in which case
C. in case that
D. in case which
答案:B。
【which特殊用法】2:
※有时which引导定语从句,在从句中作表语。
Her sister has become a lawyer, ______she wanted to be.
A. who
B. that
C. what
D. which
答案:D。
本题考查which在定语从句中作表语的用法。
(2005年高考湖北卷)考查定语从句与名词性从句。
本题C项干扰最大。
※句中逗号前后是两个句子,这就要求填上一个词之后能使后边这个句子成为一个从句。
根据句意,这是一个非限制性定语从句而不是名词性从句,因此C项what排除。
若把题干改为:Her sister has become a lawyer. And that is she wanted to be.这时应选what。
what 可以引导名词性从句,但不能引导定语从句。
※关系代词which在这里引导非限定定语从句并在句中作表语,故选D。
that则不能引导非限制性定语从句,排除B项。
who可以引导非限制性定语从句,但先行词a lawyer在这里指的是一种职业,所以A项不对。