Active Learning with Model Selection for Optimal Generalization

名词解释中英文对比<using_information_sources> social networks 社会网络abductive reasoning 溯因推理action recognition(行为识别)active learning(主动学习)adaptive systems 自适应系统adverse drugs reactions(药物不良反应)algorithm design and analysis(算法设计与分析) algorithm(算法)artificial intelligence 人工智能association rule(关联规则)attribute value taxonomy 属性分类规范automomous agent 自动代理automomous systems 自动系统background knowledge 背景知识bayes methods(贝叶斯方法)bayesian inference(贝叶斯推断)bayesian methods(bayes 方法)belief propagation(置信传播)better understanding 内涵理解big data 大数据big data(大数据)biological network(生物网络)biological sciences(生物科学)biomedical domain 生物医学领域biomedical research(生物医学研究)biomedical text(生物医学文本)boltzmann machine(玻尔兹曼机)bootstrapping method 拔靴法case based reasoning 实例推理causual models 因果模型citation matching (引文匹配)classification (分类)classification algorithms(分类算法)clistering algorithms 聚类算法cloud computing(云计算)cluster-based retrieval (聚类检索)clustering (聚类)clustering algorithms(聚类算法)clustering 聚类cognitive science 认知科学collaborative filtering (协同过滤)collaborative filtering(协同过滤)collabrative ontology development 联合本体开发collabrative ontology engineering 联合本体工程commonsense knowledge 常识communication networks(通讯网络)community detection(社区发现)complex data(复杂数据)complex dynamical networks(复杂动态网络)complex network(复杂网络)complex network(复杂网络)computational biology 计算生物学computational biology(计算生物学)computational complexity(计算复杂性) computational intelligence 智能计算computational modeling(计算模型)computer animation(计算机动画)computer networks(计算机网络)computer science 计算机科学concept clustering 概念聚类concept formation 概念形成concept learning 概念学习concept map 概念图concept model 概念模型concept modelling 概念模型conceptual model 概念模型conditional random field(条件随机场模型) conjunctive quries 合取查询constrained least squares (约束最小二乘) convex programming(凸规划)convolutional neural networks(卷积神经网络) customer relationship management(客户关系管理) data analysis(数据分析)data analysis(数据分析)data center(数据中心)data clustering (数据聚类)data compression(数据压缩)data envelopment analysis (数据包络分析)data fusion 数据融合data generation(数据生成)data handling(数据处理)data hierarchy (数据层次)data integration(数据整合)data integrity 数据完整性data intensive computing(数据密集型计算)data management 数据管理data management(数据管理)data management(数据管理)data miningdata mining 数据挖掘data model 数据模型data models(数据模型)data partitioning 数据划分data point(数据点)data privacy(数据隐私)data security(数据安全)data stream(数据流)data streams(数据流)data structure( 数据结构)data structure(数据结构)data visualisation(数据可视化)data visualization 数据可视化data visualization(数据可视化)data warehouse(数据仓库)data warehouses(数据仓库)data warehousing(数据仓库)database management systems(数据库管理系统)database management(数据库管理)date interlinking 日期互联date linking 日期链接Decision analysis(决策分析)decision maker 决策者decision making (决策)decision models 决策模型decision models 决策模型decision rule 决策规则decision support system 决策支持系统decision support systems (决策支持系统) decision tree(决策树)decission tree 决策树deep belief network(深度信念网络)deep learning(深度学习)defult reasoning 默认推理density estimation(密度估计)design methodology 设计方法论dimension reduction(降维) dimensionality reduction(降维)directed graph(有向图)disaster management 灾害管理disastrous event(灾难性事件)discovery(知识发现)dissimilarity (相异性)distributed databases 分布式数据库distributed databases(分布式数据库) distributed query 分布式查询document clustering (文档聚类)domain experts 领域专家domain knowledge 领域知识domain specific language 领域专用语言dynamic databases(动态数据库)dynamic logic 动态逻辑dynamic network(动态网络)dynamic system(动态系统)earth mover's distance(EMD 距离) education 教育efficient algorithm(有效算法)electric commerce 电子商务electronic health records(电子健康档案) entity disambiguation 实体消歧entity recognition 实体识别entity recognition(实体识别)entity resolution 实体解析event detection 事件检测event detection(事件检测)event extraction 事件抽取event identificaton 事件识别exhaustive indexing 完整索引expert system 专家系统expert systems(专家系统)explanation based learning 解释学习factor graph(因子图)feature extraction 特征提取feature extraction(特征提取)feature extraction(特征提取)feature selection (特征选择)feature selection 特征选择feature selection(特征选择)feature space 特征空间first order logic 一阶逻辑formal logic 形式逻辑formal meaning prepresentation 形式意义表示formal semantics 形式语义formal specification 形式描述frame based system 框为本的系统frequent itemsets(频繁项目集)frequent pattern(频繁模式)fuzzy clustering (模糊聚类)fuzzy clustering (模糊聚类)fuzzy clustering (模糊聚类)fuzzy data mining(模糊数据挖掘)fuzzy logic 模糊逻辑fuzzy set theory(模糊集合论)fuzzy set(模糊集)fuzzy sets 模糊集合fuzzy systems 模糊系统gaussian processes(高斯过程)gene expression data 基因表达数据gene expression(基因表达)generative model(生成模型)generative model(生成模型)genetic algorithm 遗传算法genome wide association study(全基因组关联分析) graph classification(图分类)graph classification(图分类)graph clustering(图聚类)graph data(图数据)graph data(图形数据)graph database 图数据库graph database(图数据库)graph mining(图挖掘)graph mining(图挖掘)graph partitioning 图划分graph query 图查询graph structure(图结构)graph theory(图论)graph theory(图论)graph theory(图论)graph theroy 图论graph visualization(图形可视化)graphical user interface 图形用户界面graphical user interfaces(图形用户界面)health care 卫生保健health care(卫生保健)heterogeneous data source 异构数据源heterogeneous data(异构数据)heterogeneous database 异构数据库heterogeneous information network(异构信息网络) heterogeneous network(异构网络)heterogenous ontology 异构本体heuristic rule 启发式规则hidden markov model(隐马尔可夫模型)hidden markov model(隐马尔可夫模型)hidden markov models(隐马尔可夫模型) hierarchical clustering (层次聚类) homogeneous network(同构网络)human centered computing 人机交互技术human computer interaction 人机交互human interaction 人机交互human robot interaction 人机交互image classification(图像分类)image clustering (图像聚类)image mining( 图像挖掘)image reconstruction(图像重建)image retrieval (图像检索)image segmentation(图像分割)inconsistent ontology 本体不一致incremental learning(增量学习)inductive learning (归纳学习)inference mechanisms 推理机制inference mechanisms(推理机制)inference rule 推理规则information cascades(信息追随)information diffusion(信息扩散)information extraction 信息提取information filtering(信息过滤)information filtering(信息过滤)information integration(信息集成)information network analysis(信息网络分析) information network mining(信息网络挖掘) information network(信息网络)information processing 信息处理information processing 信息处理information resource management (信息资源管理) information retrieval models(信息检索模型) information retrieval 信息检索information retrieval(信息检索)information retrieval(信息检索)information science 情报科学information sources 信息源information system( 信息系统)information system(信息系统)information technology(信息技术)information visualization(信息可视化)instance matching 实例匹配intelligent assistant 智能辅助intelligent systems 智能系统interaction network(交互网络)interactive visualization(交互式可视化)kernel function(核函数)kernel operator (核算子)keyword search(关键字检索)knowledege reuse 知识再利用knowledgeknowledgeknowledge acquisitionknowledge base 知识库knowledge based system 知识系统knowledge building 知识建构knowledge capture 知识获取knowledge construction 知识建构knowledge discovery(知识发现)knowledge extraction 知识提取knowledge fusion 知识融合knowledge integrationknowledge management systems 知识管理系统knowledge management 知识管理knowledge management(知识管理)knowledge model 知识模型knowledge reasoningknowledge representationknowledge representation(知识表达) knowledge sharing 知识共享knowledge storageknowledge technology 知识技术knowledge verification 知识验证language model(语言模型)language modeling approach(语言模型方法) large graph(大图)large graph(大图)learning(无监督学习)life science 生命科学linear programming(线性规划)link analysis (链接分析)link prediction(链接预测)link prediction(链接预测)link prediction(链接预测)linked data(关联数据)location based service(基于位置的服务) loclation based services(基于位置的服务) logic programming 逻辑编程logical implication 逻辑蕴涵logistic regression(logistic 回归)machine learning 机器学习machine translation(机器翻译)management system(管理系统)management( 知识管理)manifold learning(流形学习)markov chains 马尔可夫链markov processes(马尔可夫过程)matching function 匹配函数matrix decomposition(矩阵分解)matrix decomposition(矩阵分解)maximum likelihood estimation(最大似然估计)medical research(医学研究)mixture of gaussians(混合高斯模型)mobile computing(移动计算)multi agnet systems 多智能体系统multiagent systems 多智能体系统multimedia 多媒体natural language processing 自然语言处理natural language processing(自然语言处理) nearest neighbor (近邻)network analysis( 网络分析)network analysis(网络分析)network analysis(网络分析)network formation(组网)network structure(网络结构)network theory(网络理论)network topology(网络拓扑)network visualization(网络可视化)neural network(神经网络)neural networks (神经网络)neural networks(神经网络)nonlinear dynamics(非线性动力学)nonmonotonic reasoning 非单调推理nonnegative matrix factorization (非负矩阵分解) nonnegative matrix factorization(非负矩阵分解) object detection(目标检测)object oriented 面向对象object recognition(目标识别)object recognition(目标识别)online community(网络社区)online social network(在线社交网络)online social networks(在线社交网络)ontology alignment 本体映射ontology development 本体开发ontology engineering 本体工程ontology evolution 本体演化ontology extraction 本体抽取ontology interoperablity 互用性本体ontology language 本体语言ontology mapping 本体映射ontology matching 本体匹配ontology versioning 本体版本ontology 本体论open government data 政府公开数据opinion analysis(舆情分析)opinion mining(意见挖掘)opinion mining(意见挖掘)outlier detection(孤立点检测)parallel processing(并行处理)patient care(病人医疗护理)pattern classification(模式分类)pattern matching(模式匹配)pattern mining(模式挖掘)pattern recognition 模式识别pattern recognition(模式识别)pattern recognition(模式识别)personal data(个人数据)prediction algorithms(预测算法)predictive model 预测模型predictive models(预测模型)privacy preservation(隐私保护)probabilistic logic(概率逻辑)probabilistic logic(概率逻辑)probabilistic model(概率模型)probabilistic model(概率模型)probability distribution(概率分布)probability distribution(概率分布)project management(项目管理)pruning technique(修剪技术)quality management 质量管理query expansion(查询扩展)query language 查询语言query language(查询语言)query processing(查询处理)query rewrite 查询重写question answering system 问答系统random forest(随机森林)random graph(随机图)random processes(随机过程)random walk(随机游走)range query(范围查询)RDF database 资源描述框架数据库RDF query 资源描述框架查询RDF repository 资源描述框架存储库RDF storge 资源描述框架存储real time(实时)recommender system(推荐系统)recommender system(推荐系统)recommender systems 推荐系统recommender systems(推荐系统)record linkage 记录链接recurrent neural network(递归神经网络) regression(回归)reinforcement learning 强化学习reinforcement learning(强化学习)relation extraction 关系抽取relational database 关系数据库relational learning 关系学习relevance feedback (相关反馈)resource description framework 资源描述框架restricted boltzmann machines(受限玻尔兹曼机) retrieval models(检索模型)rough set theroy 粗糙集理论rough set 粗糙集rule based system 基于规则系统rule based 基于规则rule induction (规则归纳)rule learning (规则学习)rule learning 规则学习schema mapping 模式映射schema matching 模式匹配scientific domain 科学域search problems(搜索问题)semantic (web) technology 语义技术semantic analysis 语义分析semantic annotation 语义标注semantic computing 语义计算semantic integration 语义集成semantic interpretation 语义解释semantic model 语义模型semantic network 语义网络semantic relatedness 语义相关性semantic relation learning 语义关系学习semantic search 语义检索semantic similarity 语义相似度semantic similarity(语义相似度)semantic web rule language 语义网规则语言semantic web 语义网semantic web(语义网)semantic workflow 语义工作流semi supervised learning(半监督学习)sensor data(传感器数据)sensor networks(传感器网络)sentiment analysis(情感分析)sentiment analysis(情感分析)sequential pattern(序列模式)service oriented architecture 面向服务的体系结构shortest path(最短路径)similar kernel function(相似核函数)similarity measure(相似性度量)similarity relationship (相似关系)similarity search(相似搜索)similarity(相似性)situation aware 情境感知social behavior(社交行为)social influence(社会影响)social interaction(社交互动)social interaction(社交互动)social learning(社会学习)social life networks(社交生活网络)social machine 社交机器social media(社交媒体)social media(社交媒体)social media(社交媒体)social network analysis 社会网络分析social network analysis(社交网络分析)social network(社交网络)social network(社交网络)social science(社会科学)social tagging system(社交标签系统)social tagging(社交标签)social web(社交网页)sparse coding(稀疏编码)sparse matrices(稀疏矩阵)sparse representation(稀疏表示)spatial database(空间数据库)spatial reasoning 空间推理statistical analysis(统计分析)statistical model 统计模型string matching(串匹配)structural risk minimization (结构风险最小化) structured data 结构化数据subgraph matching 子图匹配subspace clustering(子空间聚类)supervised learning( 有support vector machine 支持向量机support vector machines(支持向量机)system dynamics(系统动力学)tag recommendation(标签推荐)taxonmy induction 感应规范temporal logic 时态逻辑temporal reasoning 时序推理text analysis(文本分析)text anaylsis 文本分析text classification (文本分类)text data(文本数据)text mining technique(文本挖掘技术)text mining 文本挖掘text mining(文本挖掘)text summarization(文本摘要)thesaurus alignment 同义对齐time frequency analysis(时频分析)time series analysis( 时time series data(时间序列数据)time series data(时间序列数据)time series(时间序列)topic model(主题模型)topic modeling(主题模型)transfer learning 迁移学习triple store 三元组存储uncertainty reasoning 不精确推理undirected graph(无向图)unified modeling language 统一建模语言unsupervisedupper bound(上界)user behavior(用户行为)user generated content(用户生成内容)utility mining(效用挖掘)visual analytics(可视化分析)visual content(视觉内容)visual representation(视觉表征)visualisation(可视化)visualization technique(可视化技术) visualization tool(可视化工具)web 2.0(网络2.0)web forum(web 论坛)web mining(网络挖掘)web of data 数据网web ontology lanuage 网络本体语言web pages(web 页面)web resource 网络资源web science 万维科学web search (网络检索)web usage mining(web 使用挖掘)wireless networks 无线网络world knowledge 世界知识world wide web 万维网world wide web(万维网)xml database 可扩展标志语言数据库附录 2 Data Mining 知识图谱（共包含二级节点15 个，三级节点93 个）间序列分析)监督学习)领域 二级分类 三级分类。

机器学习与人工智能领域中常用的英语词汇1.General Concepts (基础概念)•Artificial Intelligence (AI) - 人工智能1)Artificial Intelligence (AI) - 人工智能2)Machine Learning (ML) - 机器学习3)Deep Learning (DL) - 深度学习4)Neural Network - 神经网络5)Natural Language Processing (NLP) - 自然语言处理6)Computer Vision - 计算机视觉7)Robotics - 机器人技术8)Speech Recognition - 语音识别9)Expert Systems - 专家系统10)Knowledge Representation - 知识表示11)Pattern Recognition - 模式识别12)Cognitive Computing - 认知计算13)Autonomous Systems - 自主系统14)Human-Machine Interaction - 人机交互15)Intelligent Agents - 智能代理16)Machine Translation - 机器翻译17)Swarm Intelligence - 群体智能18)Genetic Algorithms - 遗传算法19)Fuzzy Logic - 模糊逻辑20)Reinforcement Learning - 强化学习•Machine Learning (ML) - 机器学习1)Machine Learning (ML) - 机器学习2)Artificial Neural Network - 人工神经网络3)Deep Learning - 深度学习4)Supervised Learning - 有监督学习5)Unsupervised Learning - 无监督学习6)Reinforcement Learning - 强化学习7)Semi-Supervised Learning - 半监督学习8)Training Data - 训练数据9)Test Data - 测试数据10)Validation Data - 验证数据11)Feature - 特征12)Label - 标签13)Model - 模型14)Algorithm - 算法15)Regression - 回归16)Classification - 分类17)Clustering - 聚类18)Dimensionality Reduction - 降维19)Overfitting - 过拟合20)Underfitting - 欠拟合•Deep Learning (DL) - 深度学习1)Deep Learning - 深度学习2)Neural Network - 神经网络3)Artificial Neural Network (ANN) - 人工神经网络4)Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) - 卷积神经网络5)Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) - 循环神经网络6)Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) - 长短期记忆网络7)Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) - 门控循环单元8)Autoencoder - 自编码器9)Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) - 生成对抗网络10)Transfer Learning - 迁移学习11)Pre-trained Model - 预训练模型12)Fine-tuning - 微调13)Feature Extraction - 特征提取14)Activation Function - 激活函数15)Loss Function - 损失函数16)Gradient Descent - 梯度下降17)Backpropagation - 反向传播18)Epoch - 训练周期19)Batch Size - 批量大小20)Dropout - 丢弃法•Neural Network - 神经网络1)Neural Network - 神经网络2)Artificial Neural Network (ANN) - 人工神经网络3)Deep Neural Network (DNN) - 深度神经网络4)Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) - 卷积神经网络5)Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) - 循环神经网络6)Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) - 长短期记忆网络7)Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) - 门控循环单元8)Feedforward Neural Network - 前馈神经网络9)Multi-layer Perceptron (MLP) - 多层感知器10)Radial Basis Function Network (RBFN) - 径向基函数网络11)Hopfield Network - 霍普菲尔德网络12)Boltzmann Machine - 玻尔兹曼机13)Autoencoder - 自编码器14)Spiking Neural Network (SNN) - 脉冲神经网络15)Self-organizing Map (SOM) - 自组织映射16)Restricted Boltzmann Machine (RBM) - 受限玻尔兹曼机17)Hebbian Learning - 海比安学习18)Competitive Learning - 竞争学习19)Neuroevolutionary - 神经进化20)Neuron - 神经元•Algorithm - 算法1)Algorithm - 算法2)Supervised Learning Algorithm - 有监督学习算法3)Unsupervised Learning Algorithm - 无监督学习算法4)Reinforcement Learning Algorithm - 强化学习算法5)Classification Algorithm - 分类算法6)Regression Algorithm - 回归算法7)Clustering Algorithm - 聚类算法8)Dimensionality Reduction Algorithm - 降维算法9)Decision Tree Algorithm - 决策树算法10)Random Forest Algorithm - 随机森林算法11)Support Vector Machine (SVM) Algorithm - 支持向量机算法12)K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) Algorithm - K近邻算法13)Naive Bayes Algorithm - 朴素贝叶斯算法14)Gradient Descent Algorithm - 梯度下降算法15)Genetic Algorithm - 遗传算法16)Neural Network Algorithm - 神经网络算法17)Deep Learning Algorithm - 深度学习算法18)Ensemble Learning Algorithm - 集成学习算法19)Reinforcement Learning Algorithm - 强化学习算法20)Metaheuristic Algorithm - 元启发式算法•Model - 模型1)Model - 模型2)Machine Learning Model - 机器学习模型3)Artificial Intelligence Model - 人工智能模型4)Predictive Model - 预测模型5)Classification Model - 分类模型6)Regression Model - 回归模型7)Generative Model - 生成模型8)Discriminative Model - 判别模型9)Probabilistic Model - 概率模型10)Statistical Model - 统计模型11)Neural Network Model - 神经网络模型12)Deep Learning Model - 深度学习模型13)Ensemble Model - 集成模型14)Reinforcement Learning Model - 强化学习模型15)Support Vector Machine (SVM) Model - 支持向量机模型16)Decision Tree Model - 决策树模型17)Random Forest Model - 随机森林模型18)Naive Bayes Model - 朴素贝叶斯模型19)Autoencoder Model - 自编码器模型20)Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) Model - 卷积神经网络模型•Dataset - 数据集1)Dataset - 数据集2)Training Dataset - 训练数据集3)Test Dataset - 测试数据集4)Validation Dataset - 验证数据集5)Balanced Dataset - 平衡数据集6)Imbalanced Dataset - 不平衡数据集7)Synthetic Dataset - 合成数据集8)Benchmark Dataset - 基准数据集9)Open Dataset - 开放数据集10)Labeled Dataset - 标记数据集11)Unlabeled Dataset - 未标记数据集12)Semi-Supervised Dataset - 半监督数据集13)Multiclass Dataset - 多分类数据集14)Feature Set - 特征集15)Data Augmentation - 数据增强16)Data Preprocessing - 数据预处理17)Missing Data - 缺失数据18)Outlier Detection - 异常值检测19)Data Imputation - 数据插补20)Metadata - 元数据•Training - 训练1)Training - 训练2)Training Data - 训练数据3)Training Phase - 训练阶段4)Training Set - 训练集5)Training Examples - 训练样本6)Training Instance - 训练实例7)Training Algorithm - 训练算法8)Training Model - 训练模型9)Training Process - 训练过程10)Training Loss - 训练损失11)Training Epoch - 训练周期12)Training Batch - 训练批次13)Online Training - 在线训练14)Offline Training - 离线训练15)Continuous Training - 连续训练16)Transfer Learning - 迁移学习17)Fine-Tuning - 微调18)Curriculum Learning - 课程学习19)Self-Supervised Learning - 自监督学习20)Active Learning - 主动学习•Testing - 测试1)Testing - 测试2)Test Data - 测试数据3)Test Set - 测试集4)Test Examples - 测试样本5)Test Instance - 测试实例6)Test Phase - 测试阶段7)Test Accuracy - 测试准确率8)Test Loss - 测试损失9)Test Error - 测试错误10)Test Metrics - 测试指标11)Test Suite - 测试套件12)Test Case - 测试用例13)Test Coverage - 测试覆盖率14)Cross-Validation - 交叉验证15)Holdout Validation - 留出验证16)K-Fold Cross-Validation - K折交叉验证17)Stratified Cross-Validation - 分层交叉验证18)Test Driven Development (TDD) - 测试驱动开发19)A/B Testing - A/B 测试20)Model Evaluation - 模型评估•Validation - 验证1)Validation - 验证2)Validation Data - 验证数据3)Validation Set - 验证集4)Validation Examples - 验证样本5)Validation Instance - 验证实例6)Validation Phase - 验证阶段7)Validation Accuracy - 验证准确率8)Validation Loss - 验证损失9)Validation Error - 验证错误10)Validation Metrics - 验证指标11)Cross-Validation - 交叉验证12)Holdout Validation - 留出验证13)K-Fold Cross-Validation - K折交叉验证14)Stratified Cross-Validation - 分层交叉验证15)Leave-One-Out Cross-Validation - 留一法交叉验证16)Validation Curve - 验证曲线17)Hyperparameter Validation - 超参数验证18)Model Validation - 模型验证19)Early Stopping - 提前停止20)Validation Strategy - 验证策略•Supervised Learning - 有监督学习1)Supervised Learning - 有监督学习2)Label - 标签3)Feature - 特征4)Target - 目标5)Training Labels - 训练标签6)Training Features - 训练特征7)Training Targets - 训练目标8)Training Examples - 训练样本9)Training Instance - 训练实例10)Regression - 回归11)Classification - 分类12)Predictor - 预测器13)Regression Model - 回归模型14)Classifier - 分类器15)Decision Tree - 决策树16)Support Vector Machine (SVM) - 支持向量机17)Neural Network - 神经网络18)Feature Engineering - 特征工程19)Model Evaluation - 模型评估20)Overfitting - 过拟合21)Underfitting - 欠拟合22)Bias-Variance Tradeoff - 偏差-方差权衡•Unsupervised Learning - 无监督学习1)Unsupervised Learning - 无监督学习2)Clustering - 聚类3)Dimensionality Reduction - 降维4)Anomaly Detection - 异常检测5)Association Rule Learning - 关联规则学习6)Feature Extraction - 特征提取7)Feature Selection - 特征选择8)K-Means - K均值9)Hierarchical Clustering - 层次聚类10)Density-Based Clustering - 基于密度的聚类11)Principal Component Analysis (PCA) - 主成分分析12)Independent Component Analysis (ICA) - 独立成分分析13)T-distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (t-SNE) - t分布随机邻居嵌入14)Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) - 高斯混合模型15)Self-Organizing Maps (SOM) - 自组织映射16)Autoencoder - 自动编码器17)Latent Variable - 潜变量18)Data Preprocessing - 数据预处理19)Outlier Detection - 异常值检测20)Clustering Algorithm - 聚类算法•Reinforcement Learning - 强化学习1)Reinforcement Learning - 强化学习2)Agent - 代理3)Environment - 环境4)State - 状态5)Action - 动作6)Reward - 奖励7)Policy - 策略8)Value Function - 值函数9)Q-Learning - Q学习10)Deep Q-Network (DQN) - 深度Q网络11)Policy Gradient - 策略梯度12)Actor-Critic - 演员-评论家13)Exploration - 探索14)Exploitation - 开发15)Temporal Difference (TD) - 时间差分16)Markov Decision Process (MDP) - 马尔可夫决策过程17)State-Action-Reward-State-Action (SARSA) - 状态-动作-奖励-状态-动作18)Policy Iteration - 策略迭代19)Value Iteration - 值迭代20)Monte Carlo Methods - 蒙特卡洛方法•Semi-Supervised Learning - 半监督学习1)Semi-Supervised Learning - 半监督学习2)Labeled Data - 有标签数据3)Unlabeled Data - 无标签数据4)Label Propagation - 标签传播5)Self-Training - 自训练6)Co-Training - 协同训练7)Transudative Learning - 传导学习8)Inductive Learning - 归纳学习9)Manifold Regularization - 流形正则化10)Graph-based Methods - 基于图的方法11)Cluster Assumption - 聚类假设12)Low-Density Separation - 低密度分离13)Semi-Supervised Support Vector Machines (S3VM) - 半监督支持向量机14)Expectation-Maximization (EM) - 期望最大化15)Co-EM - 协同期望最大化16)Entropy-Regularized EM - 熵正则化EM17)Mean Teacher - 平均教师18)Virtual Adversarial Training - 虚拟对抗训练19)Tri-training - 三重训练20)Mix Match - 混合匹配•Feature - 特征1)Feature - 特征2)Feature Engineering - 特征工程3)Feature Extraction - 特征提取4)Feature Selection - 特征选择5)Input Features - 输入特征6)Output Features - 输出特征7)Feature Vector - 特征向量8)Feature Space - 特征空间9)Feature Representation - 特征表示10)Feature Transformation - 特征转换11)Feature Importance - 特征重要性12)Feature Scaling - 特征缩放13)Feature Normalization - 特征归一化14)Feature Encoding - 特征编码15)Feature Fusion - 特征融合16)Feature Dimensionality Reduction - 特征维度减少17)Continuous Feature - 连续特征18)Categorical Feature - 分类特征19)Nominal Feature - 名义特征20)Ordinal Feature - 有序特征•Label - 标签1)Label - 标签2)Labeling - 标注3)Ground Truth - 地面真值4)Class Label - 类别标签5)Target Variable - 目标变量6)Labeling Scheme - 标注方案7)Multi-class Labeling - 多类别标注8)Binary Labeling - 二分类标注9)Label Noise - 标签噪声10)Labeling Error - 标注错误11)Label Propagation - 标签传播12)Unlabeled Data - 无标签数据13)Labeled Data - 有标签数据14)Semi-supervised Learning - 半监督学习15)Active Learning - 主动学习16)Weakly Supervised Learning - 弱监督学习17)Noisy Label Learning - 噪声标签学习18)Self-training - 自训练19)Crowdsourcing Labeling - 众包标注20)Label Smoothing - 标签平滑化•Prediction - 预测1)Prediction - 预测2)Forecasting - 预测3)Regression - 回归4)Classification - 分类5)Time Series Prediction - 时间序列预测6)Forecast Accuracy - 预测准确性7)Predictive Modeling - 预测建模8)Predictive Analytics - 预测分析9)Forecasting Method - 预测方法10)Predictive Performance - 预测性能11)Predictive Power - 预测能力12)Prediction Error - 预测误差13)Prediction Interval - 预测区间14)Prediction Model - 预测模型15)Predictive Uncertainty - 预测不确定性16)Forecast Horizon - 预测时间跨度17)Predictive Maintenance - 预测性维护18)Predictive Policing - 预测式警务19)Predictive Healthcare - 预测性医疗20)Predictive Maintenance - 预测性维护•Classification - 分类1)Classification - 分类2)Classifier - 分类器3)Class - 类别4)Classify - 对数据进行分类5)Class Label - 类别标签6)Binary Classification - 二元分类7)Multiclass Classification - 多类分类8)Class Probability - 类别概率9)Decision Boundary - 决策边界10)Decision Tree - 决策树11)Support Vector Machine (SVM) - 支持向量机12)K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) - K最近邻算法13)Naive Bayes - 朴素贝叶斯14)Logistic Regression - 逻辑回归15)Random Forest - 随机森林16)Neural Network - 神经网络17)SoftMax Function - SoftMax函数18)One-vs-All (One-vs-Rest) - 一对多(一对剩余)19)Ensemble Learning - 集成学习20)Confusion Matrix - 混淆矩阵•Regression - 回归1)Regression Analysis - 回归分析2)Linear Regression - 线性回归3)Multiple Regression - 多元回归4)Polynomial Regression - 多项式回归5)Logistic Regression - 逻辑回归6)Ridge Regression - 岭回归7)Lasso Regression - Lasso回归8)Elastic Net Regression - 弹性网络回归9)Regression Coefficients - 回归系数10)Residuals - 残差11)Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) - 普通最小二乘法12)Ridge Regression Coefficient - 岭回归系数13)Lasso Regression Coefficient - Lasso回归系数14)Elastic Net Regression Coefficient - 弹性网络回归系数15)Regression Line - 回归线16)Prediction Error - 预测误差17)Regression Model - 回归模型18)Nonlinear Regression - 非线性回归19)Generalized Linear Models (GLM) - 广义线性模型20)Coefficient of Determination (R-squared) - 决定系数21)F-test - F检验22)Homoscedasticity - 同方差性23)Heteroscedasticity - 异方差性24)Autocorrelation - 自相关25)Multicollinearity - 多重共线性26)Outliers - 异常值27)Cross-validation - 交叉验证28)Feature Selection - 特征选择29)Feature Engineering - 特征工程30)Regularization - 正则化2.Neural Networks and Deep Learning (神经网络与深度学习)•Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) - 卷积神经网络1)Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) - 卷积神经网络2)Convolution Layer - 卷积层3)Feature Map - 特征图4)Convolution Operation - 卷积操作5)Stride - 步幅6)Padding - 填充7)Pooling Layer - 池化层8)Max Pooling - 最大池化9)Average Pooling - 平均池化10)Fully Connected Layer - 全连接层11)Activation Function - 激活函数12)Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU) - 线性修正单元13)Dropout - 随机失活14)Batch Normalization - 批量归一化15)Transfer Learning - 迁移学习16)Fine-Tuning - 微调17)Image Classification - 图像分类18)Object Detection - 物体检测19)Semantic Segmentation - 语义分割20)Instance Segmentation - 实例分割21)Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) - 生成对抗网络22)Image Generation - 图像生成23)Style Transfer - 风格迁移24)Convolutional Autoencoder - 卷积自编码器25)Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) - 循环神经网络•Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) - 循环神经网络1)Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) - 循环神经网络2)Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) - 长短期记忆网络3)Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) - 门控循环单元4)Sequence Modeling - 序列建模5)Time Series Prediction - 时间序列预测6)Natural Language Processing (NLP) - 自然语言处理7)Text Generation - 文本生成8)Sentiment Analysis - 情感分析9)Named Entity Recognition (NER) - 命名实体识别10)Part-of-Speech Tagging (POS Tagging) - 词性标注11)Sequence-to-Sequence (Seq2Seq) - 序列到序列12)Attention Mechanism - 注意力机制13)Encoder-Decoder Architecture - 编码器-解码器架构14)Bidirectional RNN - 双向循环神经网络15)Teacher Forcing - 强制教师法16)Backpropagation Through Time (BPTT) - 通过时间的反向传播17)Vanishing Gradient Problem - 梯度消失问题18)Exploding Gradient Problem - 梯度爆炸问题19)Language Modeling - 语言建模20)Speech Recognition - 语音识别•Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) - 长短期记忆网络1)Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) - 长短期记忆网络2)Cell State - 细胞状态3)Hidden State - 隐藏状态4)Forget Gate - 遗忘门5)Input Gate - 输入门6)Output Gate - 输出门7)Peephole Connections - 窥视孔连接8)Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) - 门控循环单元9)Vanishing Gradient Problem - 梯度消失问题10)Exploding Gradient Problem - 梯度爆炸问题11)Sequence Modeling - 序列建模12)Time Series Prediction - 时间序列预测13)Natural Language Processing (NLP) - 自然语言处理14)Text Generation - 文本生成15)Sentiment Analysis - 情感分析16)Named Entity Recognition (NER) - 命名实体识别17)Part-of-Speech Tagging (POS Tagging) - 词性标注18)Attention Mechanism - 注意力机制19)Encoder-Decoder Architecture - 编码器-解码器架构20)Bidirectional LSTM - 双向长短期记忆网络•Attention Mechanism - 注意力机制1)Attention Mechanism - 注意力机制2)Self-Attention - 自注意力3)Multi-Head Attention - 多头注意力4)Transformer - 变换器5)Query - 查询6)Key - 键7)Value - 值8)Query-Value Attention - 查询-值注意力9)Dot-Product Attention - 点积注意力10)Scaled Dot-Product Attention - 缩放点积注意力11)Additive Attention - 加性注意力12)Context Vector - 上下文向量13)Attention Score - 注意力分数14)SoftMax Function - SoftMax函数15)Attention Weight - 注意力权重16)Global Attention - 全局注意力17)Local Attention - 局部注意力18)Positional Encoding - 位置编码19)Encoder-Decoder Attention - 编码器-解码器注意力20)Cross-Modal Attention - 跨模态注意力•Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) - 生成对抗网络1)Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) - 生成对抗网络2)Generator - 生成器3)Discriminator - 判别器4)Adversarial Training - 对抗训练5)Minimax Game - 极小极大博弈6)Nash Equilibrium - 纳什均衡7)Mode Collapse - 模式崩溃8)Training Stability - 训练稳定性9)Loss Function - 损失函数10)Discriminative Loss - 判别损失11)Generative Loss - 生成损失12)Wasserstein GAN (WGAN) - Wasserstein GAN（WGAN）13)Deep Convolutional GAN (DCGAN) - 深度卷积生成对抗网络（DCGAN）14)Conditional GAN (c GAN) - 条件生成对抗网络（c GAN）15)Style GAN - 风格生成对抗网络16)Cycle GAN - 循环生成对抗网络17)Progressive Growing GAN (PGGAN) - 渐进式增长生成对抗网络（PGGAN）18)Self-Attention GAN (SAGAN) - 自注意力生成对抗网络（SAGAN）19)Big GAN - 大规模生成对抗网络20)Adversarial Examples - 对抗样本•Encoder-Decoder - 编码器-解码器1)Encoder-Decoder Architecture - 编码器-解码器架构2)Encoder - 编码器3)Decoder - 解码器4)Sequence-to-Sequence Model (Seq2Seq) - 序列到序列模型5)State Vector - 状态向量6)Context Vector - 上下文向量7)Hidden State - 隐藏状态8)Attention Mechanism - 注意力机制9)Teacher Forcing - 强制教师法10)Beam Search - 束搜索11)Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) - 循环神经网络12)Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) - 长短期记忆网络13)Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) - 门控循环单元14)Bidirectional Encoder - 双向编码器15)Greedy Decoding - 贪婪解码16)Masking - 遮盖17)Dropout - 随机失活18)Embedding Layer - 嵌入层19)Cross-Entropy Loss - 交叉熵损失20)Tokenization - 令牌化•Transfer Learning - 迁移学习1)Transfer Learning - 迁移学习2)Source Domain - 源领域3)Target Domain - 目标领域4)Fine-Tuning - 微调5)Domain Adaptation - 领域自适应6)Pre-Trained Model - 预训练模型7)Feature Extraction - 特征提取8)Knowledge Transfer - 知识迁移9)Unsupervised Domain Adaptation - 无监督领域自适应10)Semi-Supervised Domain Adaptation - 半监督领域自适应11)Multi-Task Learning - 多任务学习12)Data Augmentation - 数据增强13)Task Transfer - 任务迁移14)Model Agnostic Meta-Learning (MAML) - 与模型无关的元学习（MAML）15)One-Shot Learning - 单样本学习16)Zero-Shot Learning - 零样本学习17)Few-Shot Learning - 少样本学习18)Knowledge Distillation - 知识蒸馏19)Representation Learning - 表征学习20)Adversarial Transfer Learning - 对抗迁移学习•Pre-trained Models - 预训练模型1)Pre-trained Model - 预训练模型2)Transfer Learning - 迁移学习3)Fine-Tuning - 微调4)Knowledge Transfer - 知识迁移5)Domain Adaptation - 领域自适应6)Feature Extraction - 特征提取7)Representation Learning - 表征学习8)Language Model - 语言模型9)Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) - 双向编码器结构转换器10)Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT) - 生成式预训练转换器11)Transformer-based Models - 基于转换器的模型12)Masked Language Model (MLM) - 掩蔽语言模型13)Cloze Task - 填空任务14)Tokenization - 令牌化15)Word Embeddings - 词嵌入16)Sentence Embeddings - 句子嵌入17)Contextual Embeddings - 上下文嵌入18)Self-Supervised Learning - 自监督学习19)Large-Scale Pre-trained Models - 大规模预训练模型•Loss Function - 损失函数1)Loss Function - 损失函数2)Mean Squared Error (MSE) - 均方误差3)Mean Absolute Error (MAE) - 平均绝对误差4)Cross-Entropy Loss - 交叉熵损失5)Binary Cross-Entropy Loss - 二元交叉熵损失6)Categorical Cross-Entropy Loss - 分类交叉熵损失7)Hinge Loss - 合页损失8)Huber Loss - Huber损失9)Wasserstein Distance - Wasserstein距离10)Triplet Loss - 三元组损失11)Contrastive Loss - 对比损失12)Dice Loss - Dice损失13)Focal Loss - 焦点损失14)GAN Loss - GAN损失15)Adversarial Loss - 对抗损失16)L1 Loss - L1损失17)L2 Loss - L2损失18)Huber Loss - Huber损失19)Quantile Loss - 分位数损失•Activation Function - 激活函数1)Activation Function - 激活函数2)Sigmoid Function - Sigmoid函数3)Hyperbolic Tangent Function (Tanh) - 双曲正切函数4)Rectified Linear Unit (Re LU) - 矩形线性单元5)Parametric Re LU (P Re LU) - 参数化Re LU6)Exponential Linear Unit (ELU) - 指数线性单元7)Swish Function - Swish函数8)Softplus Function - Soft plus函数9)Softmax Function - SoftMax函数10)Hard Tanh Function - 硬双曲正切函数11)Softsign Function - Softsign函数12)GELU (Gaussian Error Linear Unit) - GELU（高斯误差线性单元）13)Mish Function - Mish函数14)CELU (Continuous Exponential Linear Unit) - CELU（连续指数线性单元）15)Bent Identity Function - 弯曲恒等函数16)Gaussian Error Linear Units (GELUs) - 高斯误差线性单元17)Adaptive Piecewise Linear (APL) - 自适应分段线性函数18)Radial Basis Function (RBF) - 径向基函数•Backpropagation - 反向传播1)Backpropagation - 反向传播2)Gradient Descent - 梯度下降3)Partial Derivative - 偏导数4)Chain Rule - 链式法则5)Forward Pass - 前向传播6)Backward Pass - 反向传播7)Computational Graph - 计算图8)Neural Network - 神经网络9)Loss Function - 损失函数10)Gradient Calculation - 梯度计算11)Weight Update - 权重更新12)Activation Function - 激活函数13)Optimizer - 优化器14)Learning Rate - 学习率15)Mini-Batch Gradient Descent - 小批量梯度下降16)Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) - 随机梯度下降17)Batch Gradient Descent - 批量梯度下降18)Momentum - 动量19)Adam Optimizer - Adam优化器20)Learning Rate Decay - 学习率衰减•Gradient Descent - 梯度下降1)Gradient Descent - 梯度下降2)Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) - 随机梯度下降3)Mini-Batch Gradient Descent - 小批量梯度下降4)Batch Gradient Descent - 批量梯度下降5)Learning Rate - 学习率6)Momentum - 动量7)Adaptive Moment Estimation (Adam) - 自适应矩估计8)RMSprop - 均方根传播9)Learning Rate Schedule - 学习率调度10)Convergence - 收敛11)Divergence - 发散12)Adagrad - 自适应学习速率方法13)Adadelta - 自适应增量学习率方法14)Adamax - 自适应矩估计的扩展版本15)Nadam - Nesterov Accelerated Adaptive Moment Estimation16)Learning Rate Decay - 学习率衰减17)Step Size - 步长18)Conjugate Gradient Descent - 共轭梯度下降19)Line Search - 线搜索20)Newton's Method - 牛顿法•Learning Rate - 学习率1)Learning Rate - 学习率2)Adaptive Learning Rate - 自适应学习率3)Learning Rate Decay - 学习率衰减4)Initial Learning Rate - 初始学习率5)Step Size - 步长6)Momentum - 动量7)Exponential Decay - 指数衰减8)Annealing - 退火9)Cyclical Learning Rate - 循环学习率10)Learning Rate Schedule - 学习率调度11)Warm-up - 预热12)Learning Rate Policy - 学习率策略13)Learning Rate Annealing - 学习率退火14)Cosine Annealing - 余弦退火15)Gradient Clipping - 梯度裁剪16)Adapting Learning Rate - 适应学习率17)Learning Rate Multiplier - 学习率倍增器18)Learning Rate Reduction - 学习率降低19)Learning Rate Update - 学习率更新20)Scheduled Learning Rate - 定期学习率•Batch Size - 批量大小1)Batch Size - 批量大小2)Mini-Batch - 小批量3)Batch Gradient Descent - 批量梯度下降4)Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) - 随机梯度下降5)Mini-Batch Gradient Descent - 小批量梯度下降6)Online Learning - 在线学习7)Full-Batch - 全批量8)Data Batch - 数据批次9)Training Batch - 训练批次10)Batch Normalization - 批量归一化11)Batch-wise Optimization - 批量优化12)Batch Processing - 批量处理13)Batch Sampling - 批量采样14)Adaptive Batch Size - 自适应批量大小15)Batch Splitting - 批量分割16)Dynamic Batch Size - 动态批量大小17)Fixed Batch Size - 固定批量大小18)Batch-wise Inference - 批量推理19)Batch-wise Training - 批量训练20)Batch Shuffling - 批量洗牌•Epoch - 训练周期1)Training Epoch - 训练周期2)Epoch Size - 周期大小3)Early Stopping - 提前停止4)Validation Set - 验证集5)Training Set - 训练集6)Test Set - 测试集7)Overfitting - 过拟合8)Underfitting - 欠拟合9)Model Evaluation - 模型评估10)Model Selection - 模型选择11)Hyperparameter Tuning - 超参数调优12)Cross-Validation - 交叉验证13)K-fold Cross-Validation - K折交叉验证14)Stratified Cross-Validation - 分层交叉验证15)Leave-One-Out Cross-Validation (LOOCV) - 留一法交叉验证16)Grid Search - 网格搜索17)Random Search - 随机搜索18)Model Complexity - 模型复杂度19)Learning Curve - 学习曲线20)Convergence - 收敛3.Machine Learning Techniques and Algorithms (机器学习技术与算法)•Decision Tree - 决策树1)Decision Tree - 决策树2)Node - 节点3)Root Node - 根节点4)Leaf Node - 叶节点5)Internal Node - 内部节点6)Splitting Criterion - 分裂准则7)Gini Impurity - 基尼不纯度8)Entropy - 熵9)Information Gain - 信息增益10)Gain Ratio - 增益率11)Pruning - 剪枝12)Recursive Partitioning - 递归分割13)CART (Classification and Regression Trees) - 分类回归树14)ID3 (Iterative Dichotomiser 3) - 迭代二叉树315)C4.5 (successor of ID3) - C4.5（ID3的后继者）16)C5.0 (successor of C4.5) - C5.0（C4.5的后继者）17)Split Point - 分裂点18)Decision Boundary - 决策边界19)Pruned Tree - 剪枝后的树20)Decision Tree Ensemble - 决策树集成•Random Forest - 随机森林1)Random Forest - 随机森林2)Ensemble Learning - 集成学习3)Bootstrap Sampling - 自助采样4)Bagging (Bootstrap Aggregating) - 装袋法5)Out-of-Bag (OOB) Error - 袋外误差6)Feature Subset - 特征子集7)Decision Tree - 决策树8)Base Estimator - 基础估计器9)Tree Depth - 树深度10)Randomization - 随机化11)Majority Voting - 多数投票12)Feature Importance - 特征重要性13)OOB Score - 袋外得分14)Forest Size - 森林大小15)Max Features - 最大特征数16)Min Samples Split - 最小分裂样本数17)Min Samples Leaf - 最小叶节点样本数18)Gini Impurity - 基尼不纯度19)Entropy - 熵20)Variable Importance - 变量重要性•Support Vector Machine (SVM) - 支持向量机1)Support Vector Machine (SVM) - 支持向量机2)Hyperplane - 超平面3)Kernel Trick - 核技巧4)Kernel Function - 核函数5)Margin - 间隔6)Support Vectors - 支持向量7)Decision Boundary - 决策边界8)Maximum Margin Classifier - 最大间隔分类器9)Soft Margin Classifier - 软间隔分类器10) C Parameter - C参数11)Radial Basis Function (RBF) Kernel - 径向基函数核12)Polynomial Kernel - 多项式核13)Linear Kernel - 线性核14)Quadratic Kernel - 二次核15)Gaussian Kernel - 高斯核16)Regularization - 正则化17)Dual Problem - 对偶问题18)Primal Problem - 原始问题19)Kernelized SVM - 核化支持向量机20)Multiclass SVM - 多类支持向量机•K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) - K-最近邻1)K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) - K-最近邻2)Nearest Neighbor - 最近邻3)Distance Metric - 距离度量4)Euclidean Distance - 欧氏距离5)Manhattan Distance - 曼哈顿距离6)Minkowski Distance - 闵可夫斯基距离7)Cosine Similarity - 余弦相似度8)K Value - K值9)Majority Voting - 多数投票10)Weighted KNN - 加权KNN11)Radius Neighbors - 半径邻居12)Ball Tree - 球树13)KD Tree - KD树14)Locality-Sensitive Hashing (LSH) - 局部敏感哈希15)Curse of Dimensionality - 维度灾难16)Class Label - 类标签17)Training Set - 训练集18)Test Set - 测试集19)Validation Set - 验证集20)Cross-Validation - 交叉验证•Naive Bayes - 朴素贝叶斯1)Naive Bayes - 朴素贝叶斯2)Bayes' Theorem - 贝叶斯定理3)Prior Probability - 先验概率4)Posterior Probability - 后验概率5)Likelihood - 似然6)Class Conditional Probability - 类条件概率7)Feature Independence Assumption - 特征独立假设8)Multinomial Naive Bayes - 多项式朴素贝叶斯9)Gaussian Naive Bayes - 高斯朴素贝叶斯10)Bernoulli Naive Bayes - 伯努利朴素贝叶斯11)Laplace Smoothing - 拉普拉斯平滑12)Add-One Smoothing - 加一平滑13)Maximum A Posteriori (MAP) - 最大后验概率14)Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) - 最大似然估计15)Classification - 分类16)Feature Vectors - 特征向量17)Training Set - 训练集18)Test Set - 测试集19)Class Label - 类标签20)Confusion Matrix - 混淆矩阵•Clustering - 聚类1)Clustering - 聚类2)Centroid - 质心3)Cluster Analysis - 聚类分析4)Partitioning Clustering - 划分式聚类5)Hierarchical Clustering - 层次聚类6)Density-Based Clustering - 基于密度的聚类7)K-Means Clustering - K均值聚类8)K-Medoids Clustering - K中心点聚类9)DBSCAN (Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise) - 基于密度的空间聚类算法10)Agglomerative Clustering - 聚合式聚类11)Dendrogram - 系统树图12)Silhouette Score - 轮廓系数13)Elbow Method - 肘部法则14)Clustering Validation - 聚类验证15)Intra-cluster Distance - 类内距离16)Inter-cluster Distance - 类间距离17)Cluster Cohesion - 类内连贯性18)Cluster Separation - 类间分离度19)Cluster Assignment - 聚类分配20)Cluster Label - 聚类标签•K-Means - K-均值1)K-Means - K-均值2)Centroid - 质心3)Cluster - 聚类4)Cluster Center - 聚类中心5)Cluster Assignment - 聚类分配6)Cluster Analysis - 聚类分析7)K Value - K值8)Elbow Method - 肘部法则9)Inertia - 惯性10)Silhouette Score - 轮廓系数11)Convergence - 收敛12)Initialization - 初始化13)Euclidean Distance - 欧氏距离14)Manhattan Distance - 曼哈顿距离15)Distance Metric - 距离度量16)Cluster Radius - 聚类半径17)Within-Cluster Variation - 类内变异18)Cluster Quality - 聚类质量19)Clustering Algorithm - 聚类算法20)Clustering Validation - 聚类验证•Dimensionality Reduction - 降维1)Dimensionality Reduction - 降维2)Feature Extraction - 特征提取3)Feature Selection - 特征选择4)Principal Component Analysis (PCA) - 主成分分析5)Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) - 奇异值分解6)Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) - 线性判别分析7)t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (t-SNE) - t-分布随机邻域嵌入8)Autoencoder - 自编码器9)Manifold Learning - 流形学习10)Locally Linear Embedding (LLE) - 局部线性嵌入11)Isomap - 等度量映射12)Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection (UMAP) - 均匀流形逼近与投影13)Kernel PCA - 核主成分分析14)Non-negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) - 非负矩阵分解15)Independent Component Analysis (ICA) - 独立成分分析16)Variational Autoencoder (VAE) - 变分自编码器17)Sparse Coding - 稀疏编码18)Random Projection - 随机投影19)Neighborhood Preserving Embedding (NPE) - 保持邻域结构的嵌入20)Curvilinear Component Analysis (CCA) - 曲线成分分析•Principal Component Analysis (PCA) - 主成分分析1)Principal Component Analysis (PCA) - 主成分分析2)Eigenvector - 特征向量3)Eigenvalue - 特征值4)Covariance Matrix - 协方差矩阵。

学习策略包含元认知策略、认知策略和社会情感策略,其中,认知策略是指直接作用于输入信息的策略(O'Malley和Chamot,1990)。

学生从阅读材料中获得信息后需要运用一些认知策略来帮助他们快速准确地理解这些信息。

在英语阅读中自觉、灵活地使用认知策略对于学生来说是非常重要的。

Learning strategies include meta-cognitive strategy, social, emotional and cognitive strategies and tactics, the cognitive strategies, which refers to a direct role in input information strategy (O 'Malley Chamot and, 1990). Students gain from reading materials to use some information cognitive strategies to help them to understand these information quickly and accurately. In English reading, flexible use of cognitive strategies for students is very important.一、定义认知策略是学习者加工信息的一些方法和技术，其基本功能有两个方面：一是对信息进行有效的加工与整理；二是对信息进行分门别类的系统储存。

A definitionThe cognitive strategies learners of some of the information is processing techniques and methods, and its basic function of two aspects: one is on information processing and effectively, Two is to classify the storage system.二、类型（一）复述策略复述策略师指在工作记忆中为了保持信息，运用内部语言在大脑中重现学习材料或刺激，以便将注意力维持在学习材料上的方法。

scikit-learn model selection 介绍-回复Scikit-learn Model Selection介绍Scikit-learn是一个非常流行的Python机器学习库，提供了丰富的机器学习算法和工具，以帮助用户用于数据预处理、特征选择、模型评估等数据科学任务。

其中，Scikit-learn Model Selection模块提供了用于模型选择和调优的工具和方法。

本文将逐步介绍Scikit-learn Model Selection 的重要性、用途以及常用方法。

为什么需要模型选择？在机器学习任务中，我们通常要从多个可选择的模型中选择最佳的模型。

不同的模型具有不同的性能和复杂度，因此选择最佳的模型对于达到最佳的预测性能至关重要。

而模型选择的任务通常需要比较多个模型的性能，并选择最佳的模型。

Scikit-learn Model Selection就提供了这样的功能。

Scikit-learn模型选择的用途Scikit-learn Model Selection模块可用于以下几个主要用途：1. 模型评估：通过评估和比较多个模型在给定数据集上的性能，从而选择最佳的模型。

2. 参数调优：对于某个特定的模型，通过搜索不同的参数组合，找到最佳参数取值，以优化模型的性能。

3. 特征选择：通过移除不相关或冗余的特征，提高模型的性能和可解释性。

Scikit-learn模型选择中的常用方法接下来，我们将介绍Scikit-learn模型选择中的几个常用方法。

1. 交叉验证(Cross-validation)交叉验证是一种通过将数据集分割为训练集和验证集，并多次重复这个过程来评估模型性能的技术。

Scikit-learn中的cross_val_score函数可以用于实现交叉验证。

它返回每个交叉验证的模型得分的数组，可以进一步计算得分的平均值和标准差。

2. 网格搜索(Grid Search)网格搜索是一种通过排列组合不同的超参数组合，并进行交叉验证，以找到最佳超参数组合的方法。

scikit-learn model selection 介绍-回复Scikit-learn是一个被广泛使用的Python库，用于机器学习任务。

在机器学习中，选择合适的模型对于构建准确和高性能的预测模型至关重要。

Scikit-learn提供了一组丰富的模型选择工具，用于比较和评估不同的机器学习模型。

本文将介绍Scikit-learn的模型选择功能以及使用它进行模型比较和评估的方法。

模型选择是指根据给定的数据集，选择最合适的机器学习模型来解决特定的问题。

Scikit-learn提供了一个集成的模型选择工具，可以帮助用户在众多可用模型中选择最佳模型。

模型选择的关键是评估和比较不同模型的性能。

Scikit-learn提供了多种评估指标和交叉验证方法，以及一些用于模型比较的实用工具。

首先，我们需要加载所需的模型选择模块。

Scikit-learn的模型选择模块位于sklearn.model_selection中。

我们可以使用以下代码导入该模块：pythonfrom sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split,cross_val_scorefrom sklearn.metrics import accuracy_score接下来，我们需要准备用于模型选择的数据集。

通常，我们将数据集拆分为训练集和测试集。

训练集用于训练模型，测试集用于评估模型的性能。

可以使用Scikit-learn提供的train_test_split函数将数据集拆分为训练集和测试集。

以下是一个示例代码：pythonX_train, X_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(X, y, test_size=0.2, random_state=42)在上述代码中，X表示特征矩阵，y表示目标变量。

test_size参数指定了测试集所占的比例，random_state参数用于设定随机种子，保证每次拆分的结果相同。

主动选择的英语表达Active Selection: A Fundamental Concept in Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence.In the realm of machine learning and artificial intelligence (AI), active selection plays a pivotal role in optimizing the learning process and enhancing the performance of AI systems. It involves strategically selecting data points for which labels or annotations are acquired, guiding the learning algorithm towards a more efficient and effective path. By carefully choosing the most informative and representative data, active selection empowers AI systems to learn with greater accuracy and generalization capabilities.Overview of Active Selection.Active selection, also known as selective sampling or query learning, is a technique employed in machine learning and AI to improve the training process by activelyselecting the most valuable data points for labeling or annotation. Rather than passively accepting all available data, active selection algorithms prioritize data points that are most likely to reduce the uncertainty of the model and enhance its learning outcomes.The core principle of active selection is to identify data points that:Are highly informative: These data points carry a significant amount of information that can help the learning algorithm discern patterns and make accurate predictions.Are representative of the underlying distribution: Active selection aims to select data points that are representative of the entire dataset, ensuring that the model learns from a diverse set of examples.Minimize redundancy: Active selection algorithms avoid choosing data points that are similar to those already labeled or annotated, preventing the model from overfittingto specific examples.Benefits of Active Selection.Incorporating active selection into machine learning and AI systems offers a multitude of benefits, including:Improved model accuracy: By focusing on the most informative data points, active selection helps the learning algorithm build models with higher predictive accuracy.Reduced labeling or annotation costs: Active selection algorithms efficiently identify the most valuable data points, minimizing the need for manual labeling or annotation efforts, thereby saving time and resources.Faster training time: By selecting the most informative data, active selection enables the learning algorithm to converge to an optimal solution more quickly, reducing training time and improving efficiency.Enhanced generalization capabilities: Active selection helps the model learn from a diverse set of data, leadingto better generalization capabilities and improved performance on unseen data.Types of Active Selection Algorithms.A variety of active selection algorithms have been developed to suit different machine learning models anddata types. Some common algorithms include:Uncertainty sampling: This algorithm selects datapoints that the model is most uncertain about, encouraging the model to explore areas where it has limited knowledge.Query by committee: This algorithm leverages multiple models to identify data points on which the models disagree, indicating the need for additional information.Expected model change: This algorithm selects data points that are expected to have the greatest impact on the model's predictions, leading to more targeted learning.Representative sampling: This algorithm aims to select data points that are representative of the entire dataset, ensuring that the model is exposed to a diverse range of examples.Applications of Active Selection.Active selection finds applications in a wide range of machine learning and AI tasks, including:Natural language processing (NLP): Identifying the most informative sentences or documents for annotation to improve text understanding and classification.Computer vision: Selecting the most representative images or video frames for annotation to enhance object detection, image classification, and scene understanding.Medical imaging: Prioritizing the most critical medical images for analysis to improve disease diagnosis and prognosis.Speech recognition: Identifying the most challenging speech segments for annotation to enhance speech recognition accuracy.Recommender systems: Selecting the most relevant items or users for feedback to improve personalized recommendations.Conclusion.Active selection is a powerful technique in machine learning and AI that enables systems to learn more effectively and efficiently. By strategically selecting the most valuable data points for labeling or annotation, active selection algorithms reduce labeling or annotation costs, improve model accuracy, enhance generalization capabilities, and accelerate training time. As the field of AI continues to evolve, active selection will play an increasingly important role in optimizing the performance and efficiency of AI systems across a wide range of applications.。

心理学专业词汇翻译（A-B）心理学专业词汇英语翻译(A-B)action error 动作误差action exercise 动作练习action feedback 动作反馈action form 动作形式action frame of reference 参考行动架构action group 行动群体action imitation 动作模仿action interpretation 动作解释action language 动作语言action modeling 动作示范action need 活动需要action of stereotype 刻板动作action orientation 动作定向action pattern 动作模式action potential 动作电位action principle 作用量原理action profile 行动剖析action reports 执行报告action research 行动研究action set 动作定势action space 行为空间action stability 动作稳定性action system 动作系统action tendencies 行动倾向action theory 活动说action thinking 动作思维action time 动作时间action triggered language 动作引发的语言action unit 动作单元action zone 主动区action orientedaction orientedaction specificaction timeaction 动作activate 激活activated epilepsy 诱发性癫痫activated sleep 活动性睡眠activated stateactivating system 激动系统activation center 激活中心activation energy 活化能activation index 活化指数activation level 激活水平activation of learning motivation 学习动机的激发activation pattern 激动模式activation process 激活过程activation ratio 活化比activation theory of emotion 情绪激活理论activation theory 激活理论activation synthesisactivation 激活activational effect 引发性效应activator 激活剂active adaptation 活动性适应active analysis 活动分析active analytic psychotherapy 主动分析心理治疗法active articulator 积极发音器官active attention 活动注意active avoidance 积极躲避active avoidance 主动回避active castration complex 主动阎割情结active center 活力中心active complex 活动情结active consciousness 主动意识active constraint 起作用的约束active delirium 躁狂性谵妄active directive 积极教导active electrodeactive element 主动元素active euthanasia 主动安乐死active exercise 自动运动active fantasying 主动幻想治疗active forgetting 自动遗忘active homing 主动接近active imagination 主动想象力active inhibition 主动抑制active intellect 能动的智慧active language 主动语言active learning 积极学习active living process 能动的生命过程active negativism 主动抗拒性active orientation 主动取向active participation 主动参与active potency 主动潜能active principle 主动原则active public 积极的公众active qi gong 动气功active reaction 主动反应active reason 能动的理性active recall 主动回忆active region 作用区active responding 积极反应active role 积极任务active schedule 活动一览表active search theory 主动探索理论active set 作用集active site 活性部位active sleep theory 主动睡眠理论active society 积极的社会active speech 主动言语active stimulus 有效刺激active testimony 主动作证主动作证active therapy 主动疗法active transfer 主动传递active type 活泼型active variable 主动变量active vocabulary 主动词汇active passiveactive resistiveactive 活动性activeness 主观能动性activism 能动性activist point of view 能动主义观点activist psychology 能动心理学activist 行为能动论者activity analysis problem 行动分析问题activity analysis 活动分析activity cage 活动笼activity concept 活动概念activity curriculum 活动课程activity cycle 活动周期activity dimension 活动维度activity drive 活动驱力activity factor 活动因素activity inventory 活动记录activity learning 活动学习activity level method 动量法activity level 活动水平activity log 活动日志activity method of teaching 活动教学法activity need 活动需求activity of personalityactivity optimization 活动方式最佳化activity pattern 活动模式activity quotient 活动商数activity rating 活动评等activity sampling 活动抽样activity system 活动系统activity theory of aging 老年活动论activity theory of learning 学习活动论activity theory 活动论activity therapy 活动疗法activity dependentactivity groupactivity interviewactivity playactivity wheelactivity wheelactivity 活动actograhy 动作记录法actograph 动作记录器actometer 活动度测量计actor observeractor 男演员actor 行事者actual anxiety 真实性焦虑actual being 实在actual conflict 真实冲突actual entity 现实实有actual frequency 实际频率actual hour 实际时间actual leader 实际领袖actual life 实际寿命actual limit 实际限度actual measurement 真实量度actual mechanical process 实际操作过程actual neurosis 真实神经症actual number 实际数actual numerical value 实际数值actual parameter 实际参数actual population 实际人口actual power 有效功率actual range 实际范围actual rate of growth 实际增长率actual self 现实我actual survey work 实际调查工作actual survey 实际调查actual time 实际时间actual value 实际值actual working rate 实际劳动率actual 真实的actualism 现实主义actualist 现实论者actuality philosophy 现实哲学actuality 现实性actualization 现实化actualized reason 实现了的理性actualizing therapy 实现治疗法actuarial prediction 统计预测actuation 开动actuator 执行机构acuity 敏度aculeus 皮刺acumen 敏锐acumeter 听觉计acupuncture anesthesia 针刺麻醉acupuncture 针灸术acute alcoholic hallucinosis 急性酒精幻觉症acute alcoholic intoxication 急性酒精中毒acute alcoholism 急性酒精中毒acute anxiety 急性焦虑acute brain syndrome 急性脑综合症acute confusional state 急性困惑状态acute confusional 急性精神错乱acute dementia 急性痴呆acute depression 急性抑郁症acute disseminated encephalomyelitis 急性感染后脑脊髓炎acute distress syndrome 急性忧伤综合症acute effect 急性效应acuteexperiment 急性实验acute fatigue 急性疲劳acute hallucinatory mania 急性幻觉性躁狂acute hallucinatory paranoia 急性幻觉性妄想狂acute hallucinosis 急性幻觉症acute hunger state 急性饥饿状态acute intoxication 急性中毒acute mania 急性躁狂acute paranoia 急性偏执狂acute postinfection encephalom yelitis 急性感染后脑脊髓炎acute psychogenic reaction 急性心因性反应acute psychosis 急性精神症acute psychotic episodeacute schizophrenia 急性精神分裂症acute schizophrenic episode 急性精神分裂症性插话acute situation reaction 急性情境反应acute stress reaction 急性压力反应acute 急性的acyanoblepsia 蓝色盲ad absurd reasoning 归谬推理ad hoc hypothesis 特设性假设ad hoc rule 特定规则ad hoc way 特定方式ad hoc 特别AD 平均差adage 谚语Adami sAdams Stokesadaptability test 适应性测验adaptability 适应性adaptability 顺应性adaptable 适应性强的adaptation character 适应特性adaptation level 适应水平adaptation level theory 适应水平论adaptation norm 适应规范adaptation reaction 适应性反应adaptation response 适应性反应adaptation syndrome 适应综合症adaptation theory 适应论适应论adaptation time 适应时间adaptation to darkness 暗适应adaptation to end 适应目的adaptation to imprisonment 监狱适应adaptation tolerance 适应耐性adaptation trial 适应尝试adaptation 适应adapted culture 适应性文化adapted information 适应性知识adapted 适应的adapter molecule 衔接分子adapter 转接器adaption 适应adaptive act 适应活动Adaptive Behavior Scale 适应行为量表adaptive behavior 适应行为adaptive capacity 适应能力adaptive character 适应特性adaptive coloration 适应色adaptive compensation 适应补偿adaptive conformity 适应性从众adaptive control 适应性控制adaptive convergence 趋同适应adaptive crisis 适应危机adaptive decision makingadaptive delinquency 适应型犯罪adaptive differentiationadaptive dispersion 适应分散adaptive evolution 适应进化adaptive facultyadaptive feedback control 适应性反馈控制adaptive flexibility 适应的灵活性adaptive form 适应类型adaptive mechanism 顺应机制adaptive norm 适应规范adaptive optimal control 最优适应adaptive optimization 适应最优化adaptive peak 适应高峰adaptive phase 适应阶段adaptive process 适应过程adaptive program 适应性程adaptive reaction 适应反应adaptive regression 适应退化adaptive sampling 适应性抽样adaptive selection 适应选择adaptive strategy 适应策略adaptive strategy 因应策略adaptive subsystem 顺应子系统adaptive testing 适应性测验adaptive time 适应时间adaptive training 适应训练adaptive value 适应值adaptive 适应的adaptivity 适应性adaptometer 适应测量器ADC 线索的习得明显性ADD 注意缺失紊乱add pulse 加法脉冲addaverter 方法转换器addict 成瘾者addiction research 反毒瘾研究addiction 成瘾addiction 嗜好addictive behavior 成瘾行为addictive personality 毒瘾性格addictive personality6 成瘾人格adding mechanism 加法机制adding model 总和论Addison s additament 附加物addition mixture 加法混色addition of class 类的加法addition of probabilities 概率的加算addition test 加算测验addition 加法additional pollution 增添污染additive color mixture 相加混色additive effect 累加效应additive factors method 附加因素法additive factors 附加因素additive mixture 相加混色additive model 相加模型additive operation 加法运算additive process 加法过程additive property of chi square additive property 可加性additive reaction 加成反应additive scale 相加量表additive 附加的additivity of means 平均数可加性additivity of probability 概率可加性additivity of X 2additivity 可加性adduce 引证adduction 内受作用ADEM 急性感染后脑脊髓炎adenalgia 腺痛adenasthenia 腺机能衰弱adendritic无树突的adenectomy 腺切除术adenectopia 腺异位adenitis 腺炎adenocarcinoma 腺癌adenocele 腺囊肿adenohypersthenia 腺机能亢进adenohypophysis 腺性垂体adenoma 腺瘤adenoncus 腺肿大adenoneural 腺神经的adenopathy 腺病adenosine diphosphate 二磷酸腺苷adenosine triphosphate 腺苷三磷酸adenosine 腺苷adenosis 腺病adequacy 适合性adequate cause 充分动因adequate response 适当反应adequate sample 适足样本adequate stimulus 适度刺激adequate variability 适应变异性adequate variation 适应变异ADH 抗利尿激素adiaphanous 不透明的adiaphorism 中庸adience 接近趋向adient behavior 趋近行为adient response 趋近反应adipose cell 脂肪细胞adipose gland 脂腺adipose tissue 脂肪组织adiposis 肥胖症adipsia 不渴症adipsia 失饮症adjacency 接近性adjacent association 邻近联想Adjective Check List 形容词检核表adjective check list 形容词检选表adjective gland 附加腺adjourning 中止阶段adjunctive behavior 附属行为adjunctive program 补充作业adjunctive 附属性质adjust 调整adjustable mask 可调屏幕adjusted rate 修正率adjusted solution 调整溶液adjustment disorder 适应性疾病adjustment failure 适应失败adjustment inventory 适应量表adjustment level 顺应水平adjustment mechanism 调整机制adjustment mechanism 适应方式adjustment method 调整法adjustment phase 调整期adjustment procedure 适应法adjustment process 调整过程adjustment reaction 适应反应adjustment system 调整系统adjustment time 调整时间adjustment to school 学校适应adjustment 调整adjustment 适应adjustor 调整器adjustor 适应器顺应器adjutant therapy 辅助治疗法Adler sAdlerian groups 阿德勒团体Adlerian psychology 阿德勒心理学Adlerian psychotherapy 阿德勒心理治疗法adlumidine 紫罂粟次碱adlumine 紫罂粟碱admeasure 分配adminicle 辅助administer管理administration behavior 管理行为administration by different levels 分级管理administration function of test 测验的管理功能administration route 处理途径administration section 管理部门administration 管理administration 行政Administrative Aptitude Test 行政职业能力测验administrative channel 行政渠道administrative control 行政控制administrative function of test 测验的管理功能administrative man 管理人administrative organization 管理机构administrative organization 行政组织administrative procedure 管理程序administrative reliability 施测信度administrative staff 管理人员administrative unit 行政单位administrator 管理人员admiration 羡慕admissibility 容许性admissible action 容许行动admissible condition 容许条件admissible control 容许控制admissible error 容许误差admissible hypothesis 容许假设admissible mark 及格分数admissible mark 容许符号admissible parameter 容许参数admissible test 容许检定admission age 入学年龄admission criteria 录取标准admission qualification 入学资格admission requirement 入学标准admission 容许进入admit 容许admittance 接纳admonition 告诫adnerval 近神经的adolescence moratorium 青年期延缓adolescence 青年期adolescent age 青年期adolescent behavior 青少年行为adolescent characteristics 青年期特征adolescent crisis 青年期危机adolescent culture 青年文化adolescent dementia 青春期痴呆adolescent depression 青年期抑郁adolescent development 青少年发展adolescent education 青少年教育adolescent growth spurt 青少年发育急速期adolescent identity formation 青年期同一性形成adolescent insanity 青少年期精神错乱adolescent needs 青年期需要adolescent problems 青少年问题adolescent psychiatry 青春期精神病学adolescent psychology 青少年心理学adolescent society 青年社会adolescent subculture 青年次文化adolescent 青少年adopt 采用adopted child 收养儿童adoption of answers 选答法adoption 领养adoptive parents养父母adoptive studies 收养研究ADP 二磷酸腺苷adrenal capsule 肾上腺adrenal cortex 副肾皮质adrenal cortex 肾上腺皮质adrenal gland 副肾adrenal gland 肾上腺adrenal insufficiency 肾上腺机能不全adrenal medulla 副上肾髓质adrenalectomy 肾上腺切除术adrenalinaemia 肾上腺素血症adrenaline 肾上腺素adrenalinogenesis 肾上腺素生成adrenalinuria 肾上腺素尿adrenalismus 肾上腺中毒adrenalitis 肾上腺炎adrenalone 肾上腺酮adrenalopathy 肾上腺病adrenalotropic 促肾上腺的adrenergic blocking drug 肾上腺素能阻断剂adrenergic fiber 肾上腺素纤维adrenergic receptor 肾上腺素受体adrenergic substance 肾上腺素能物质adrenergic 肾上腺素能的adrenergics 肾上腺素能物质adrenitis 肾上腺炎adrenoceptor 肾上腺素能受体adrenochrome 肾上腺素红adrenocortical hormone 肾上腺皮质激素adrenocorticohyperplasia 肾上腺皮质增生adrenocorticomimetic 类肾上腺皮质激素的adrenocorticotrophic hormone 肾上腺皮质促进激素adrenocorticotropin 促肾上腺皮质激素adrenogenital syndrome 肾上腺综合症adrenogenous 肾上腺元的adrenoglomerulotropin 促醛甾酮激素adrenogram 肾上腺X线照片adrenolutin 肾上腺黄素adrenolytic 抑肾上腺作用的adrenomedullotropic 促肾上腺髓质的adrenomegaly 肾上腺肿大adrenopathy 肾上腺病adrenopause 肾上腺机能停滞adrenoprival 肾上腺缺乏的adrenoreceptor 肾上腺素能受体adrenostatic 抑肾上腺作用的adrenosterone 肾上腺雄甾酮adrenotoxin 肾上腺毒素adrenotropic 促肾上腺的adrenotropin 促肾上腺皮质激素adrenoxidase 肾上腺氧化酶Adrian principle 全或无律adromia 肌神经传导缺失ADS 抗利尿物质adterminal 向末端的adtorsion 两眼内旋adualism 非二无论adult age 成人期adult basic education 成人基础教育Adult Basic Learning Examination 成人基本学习考试adult development 成年发展adult disease 成人病adult education 成人教育adult intelligence 成年智力adult learning 成年学习adult period 成年期adult physical fitness test 成人体能测验adult psychology 成年心理学adult socialization 成人社会化adult stage 成年期adult training 成人训练adult gerontologicaladult 成人adulthood 成年期adultomorphism 拟成人论advance estimate 事前估计值advance evaluation 事前评估advance organizer 先导组织者advance potential 超前势advance 推进advanced character 进步特征advanced control 先行控制advanced generation 后生世代advanced growth 增进生长advanced placement 跳级advancement of knowledge 增进知识advancement 促进advancing color 近色advancing complexity 进化综合advancing difference 进差advantage by illness 因病得益advantage of sampling 抽样的优点advantage 有利条件有利条件advent behavior 趋近行为advent response 趋近反应advent 出现adventitious circumstances 偶然情形adventitious deaf 偶发性耳聋adventitious deafness 偶发性聋adventitious reinforcement 偶然强化adventure playground 儿童游乐场adventure 冒险adventurer 冒险家adventuresome 爱冒险的adventuress 女冒险家adventurism 冒险主义adventurist 冒险主义者adventuritic 冒险主义的adventurous thinking 喜欢冒险的思考adventurous 喜欢冒险的adverse movement 反向运动adversity 逆境advertent 注意的advertisement project 广告设计advertisement psychology 广告心理学advertising campaign 广告运作advertising effectiveness measurement 广告效果的测定advertising media 广告媒体advertising psychology 广告心理学advertising research 广告研究advertising 广告advice note 通知单advice 忠告advise 劝告advisement 劝告advisor 顾问advocacy advertising 辨护广告advocacy 支持adynamia 动力缺乏adynamic stage 无效期AE 后效AEC 线索的习得等同性aegis 保护aelurophobia 恐猫症aerasthenia 飞行员精神衰弱aerial perspective 空间透视aero astheniaaero spaceaerobic metabolism 需氧代谢aerobiology 大气生物学aerodynamic 空气动力学aerology 高空气象学aeromedicine 航空医学aeronautical and astronautical psychology 航空和航天心理学aeroneurosis 飞行员神经机能病aeropathy 航空病aeropathy 气压病aerophagia 咽气症咽气症aerophobia 气流恐怖症aeroscepsy 测空特殊感觉aeroscepsy 声嗅感觉aeroscope 空气检查器空气检查器Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory 太空医学研究实验室aerospace medicine 宇宙医学aerospace noise 宇宙航空噪声aerospace personnel 宇航人员aerospace psychology 宇宙心理学aerostatic 空中平衡的aerostatics 空气静力学Aero Medical Acceleration Laboratory 航空医学加速实验室Aero Medical Equipment Laboratory 航空医学设备实验室aeruginous 蓝绿色aesthesia 感觉aesthesiology 感觉学aesthesiometer 触觉计aesthesis 感觉aesthete 审美家aesthetic activity 审美活动aesthetic apperception 审美统觉aesthetic appreciation 审美aesthetic association 审美联想aesthetic attitude 审美态度aesthetic concepts 审美概念aesthetic contrast 审美性对比aesthetic education 美育aesthetic emotion 审美感情aesthetic emotivism 美学感情主义aesthetic feeling 美感aesthetic ideal 审美理想aesthetic impression 美感印象aesthetic intention 审美意向aesthetic intuitionism 美感直觉说aesthetic judgment 审美判断aesthetic mental set 审美心理定势aesthetic need 爱美需要aesthetic pedagogy 美育学aesthetic perception 美的知觉aesthetic pleasure 审美享受aesthetic psychology 审美心理学aesthetic qualities 美学的特征aesthetic sensibility 美感aesthetic sociology 艺术社会学aesthetic taste 审美趣味aesthetic value 审美价值aesthetical idealism 审美唯心主义aesthetical mental set 审美心理定势aesthetical standard 审美标准aesthetician 美学家aestheticism 审美感aesthetics 美学aestho physiologyaestivation 夏眠aether 乙醚aetiology 病源学病源学AFD 儿affair 事情affect display 情感展示affect structure 情感结构affect fantasy情感性幻想affect hunger情感性饥饿affect 情感affectation 装模作样affection less character 情感缺乏性格affection need 情感需求affection 情感affectional attachment 情感性依附affectional category 情感范畴affectional drive 情感驱力affectional tie 情感纽带affectionless 无情的affectionlessness 无情affective activity 情感活动affective ambivalence 情感矛盾affective amnesia 情感型失忆症affective arousal theory 情感促动论affective association 情感联想affective behavior 情感行为affective blunting 情感迟钝affective categorizing 情感概念化affective characteristics 情感特征Affective Commitment Scale 感情承诺量表affective commitment 感情承诺affective communication 情感传达affective component 情感成份affective content 情感内容affective control 情感控制affective depression 情感性抑郁症affective deterioration 情感衰退affective development 情感发展affective disorder 情感障碍affective display 情感展示affective disturbance 情感障碍affective domain 情感范畴affective education 情感教育affective epilepsy 情感性癫痫affective experience 情感经验affective feeble mindedness情感型智弱affective fixation 情感固着affective flattening 情感冷淡affective fragility 情感脆弱affective impulse 情感冲动affective infantility 情感幼稚affective insanity 情感性精神病affective interaction 情感交流affective logic 情感逻辑affective meaning systemaffective melancholia 情affective neuron 感受神经affective panic reactionaffective profundity 情感affective psychosis 情感affective ratio 情感比率affective reaction typeaffective reaction 情感性affective response 情感反affective schizophreniaaffective separation 情感affective state 情感状态affective stupor 情感性木affective suggestion 情感affective syndrome 情感性affective thinking 情感性affective tolerance 情感affective tone 情调affective conativeaffective 情感的affectivity 情感性affectomotor 情感运动的afferent behavior 内导行为afferent bipolar cell 传入两极细胞afferent fibers 传入纤维afferent impulse 传入冲动afferent interaction 内导相互作用afferent nerve 传入神经afferent neuron 传入神经元afferent pathway 传入通路afferent phase 传入期afferent stimulus interaction 内导刺激相互作用afferent 传入的afferentiation 传入刺激作用affiliated drive 附属内驱力affiliation motive 亲和动机affiliation need 交往需要affiliation need 亲和需要affiliation orientedaffiliation 合群affiliation 合群倾向affinitive behavior 亲和行为affinitive drive 亲和驱力affinitive motivation 亲和动机affinitive motive 亲和动机affinity 亲和力affirm 肯定affirmation 肯定affirmative action programs 赞助性行动计划affirmative and negative law 肯定否定定律affirmative judgment 肯定判断affirmative proposition 肯定命题affirming the antecedent 肯定前项affirming the consequent 肯定后项afflatus 神感afflux of stimulus 刺激传入afflux 流入AFG 儿afraid 害怕after effect time 后作用时间after effect 后效後效after image 后像after actionafter brainafter currentafter depolarization后去极化after dischargeafter effectafter effectafter hyperpolarizationafter imageafter impressionafter lifeafter loadingafter movementafter nystagmusafter perceptionafter potentialafter sensationafter sensationafter soundafter tasteafter visionafterbody 后部aftercare interview 调护面谈aftercare 病后调护病後调护afterhearing 余听觉afterheat 余热afterhyperpolarization 后超极化afterimage 后像afterripening 后热aftersensation 后觉aftertest 后测afunction 机能缺失aganglionosis 神经节细胞缺乏症agastria 无胃畸形age at death 死亡年龄age at withdrawal 退休年龄age characteristics 年龄特征age class 年龄级age composition 年龄构成age constraints 年龄约束age differences 年龄差异age distribution 年龄分布age equivalent 年龄当量age grade distribution 年龄年级分配age grade position 年龄年级位置age grade scaling 年龄年级量表age grading 年龄分级age group 年龄组age heaping 年龄积算age immunity 年龄免疫性age indication 年龄指数age involution 年龄退缩age migration 年龄侵移age morphology 年龄形态学age norm 年龄常模age of belief 信仰的年代age of exploration 探索的年龄age of first crime 始犯年龄age of reason 理性年代age of reasoning 推理的年龄age of sucking 哺乳期age pattern analysis 年龄分布状况分析age psychology 年龄心理学age pyramid 年龄金字塔age pyramid 年龄锥体age qualifying for an old ageage ratio 年龄比age regression 返童记忆age replacement 年龄置换age scale 年龄量表age score 年龄分数age specific natality rate 特定年龄出生率age stratification 年龄分层age structure 年龄构成age variability scale 年龄差异量表age variability unit 年龄差异单位age variation 年龄变异age appropriateage gradeage gradeage limitage maritalage matesage performanceage progressage sexage specificage specificage specific maritalage 年龄aged family 老年家庭aged tendency of population 人口老龄化aged 老年人ageing 衰老ageism 年龄主义ageless 不会老的agency 能量agenesis of corpus callus 胼胝体发育不全agenesis 发育不全agenitalismus 生殖腺机能缺乏agent 动因agerasia 容颜不老ageusia 失味觉症ageusic aphasia 味觉性失语agglomerate 聚集agglomeration 粘结agglomerative 聚集的agglutinating analogy 粘着类推agglutination reaction 凝集反应agglutination 集聚agglutinative index 粘着指数aggregate adjustment 综合调整aggregate analysis 综合分析aggregate balancing 综合平衡aggregate concept 综合概念aggregate data 综合数据aggregate efficiency 总效率aggregate feeling 集合情感aggregate idea 集体观念aggregate model 总体模式aggregate of individuals 个人的集合aggregate relation 总量关系aggregate score 总分aggregate variable 综合变量aggregate valueaggregate 集群aggregate 整合aggregation pheromone 集合体现象aggregation theory 集合功能论aggregation 集合体aggregation 群集aggregative index 综合指数aggregative indicator 综合指标aggregative method 综合法aggregative model 综合模型aggregative planning 综合计划aggregative relationship 群集关系aggression turned inward 内向攻击aggression frustrationaggression 攻击aggression 侵犯aggressive attitude 侵犯态度Aggressive Behavior 攻击行为攻击行为aggressive behavior 攻击行为aggressive catharsis 攻击发泄aggressive drive 攻击驱力aggressive impulse 攻击冲动aggressive instinct 攻击本能aggressive mechanism of convict 罪犯攻击机制aggressive mechanism 攻击机制aggressive mimicry 攻击拟态aggressiveness type 侵占型aggressiveness 攻击性aggressiveness 侵略性aggressivity 攻击性Aging & Mental Health 衰老与心理健康aging alienation 衰老性自我疏外aging compensation decrement 衰老性补偿性减量aging decrement 衰老性减量aging DNA damage 衰老性脱氧核糖核酸毁损aging intellectual deterioration 衰老性智力衰退aging irreversible decrement 衰老性不可逆减量aging memory decline 衰老性记忆下降aging of labor force 劳动力的老龄化aging of population 人口的老年化aging period 老年期aging population 老年人口aging psychology 老年心理学aging regression behavior 衰老性退缩行为aging sexual behavior 衰老性性行为aging 老化agitate dementia 激越性痴呆agitate 焦急不安agitated crowd 骚动的群众agitated depression 激动性抑郁症agitated mania 激动躁狂症agitated melancholia 激动性忧郁agitation 激动agitographia 急噪性错写症agitolalia 急语症agitophasia 过速失语症agitophasia 躁急错语症aglaucopsia 绿色盲aglutition 吞咽不能aglycemia 血糖缺乏agnate 男方亲属agnea 失认agnogenic 病因不明的agnosia 认识不能agnosia 失认症agnosic 失认的agnosticism 不可知论agnosticrealism 不可知的实在论agonaphobia 恋旷野癖agonist 催动性agonist 主动肌agonistic behavior 争胜性行为agonize 折磨agony 剧痛agoraphobia 恐空旷症agrammatism 语法缺失agrammatismus 语法缺失agraphia 失写症agree scale 同意量表agree 同意agreeableness 随和性agricultural psychologyagriothymia 狂躁情感agromania 独处狂agromania 隐居癖agrypnia 失眠agrypnocoma 醒态昏迷agyria 无脑回畸型aha experience 顿悟经验ahedonia 性快感缺失ahistorical approach 非历史方法ahypnia 失眠症ahypnosis 失眠症AI 人工智能AIAMA Principle AIAMAAichhore therapeutic experiment 艾希哈尔治疗实验aichmophobia 恐尖器症aid to learning 学习工具aid 助手aided recallaiding of tracking 追踪的辅助aids to object teaching 直观教具ailment 疾病ailurophile 嗜猫癖ailurophobia 恐猫症AIM (anticipation invigorationaim inhibited drive 目标抑制驱力aim inhibition 目标抑制aim transference 目标转移aim 目标aiming test 瞄准测验aims of education 教育目的Ainsworth strange situation technique 艾氏陌生情景技术air bag 气袋air borne sensor 空气传感器air borne 空气传播air cavity 气腔air chamber 气室气室air cleaner 空气净化装置air condition 空气调节air conditioner 气温调节装置air conditioning 气温调节air conduction 气导气导air force personnel 空军人员air pillow 空气枕头air pollution syndrome 空气污染综合症air pollution 空气污染air pressure and altitude 气压与高度air sickness 空晕病air temperature 气温air traffic accident 空运事故air traffic control 空中交通管制air velocity 风速air washer 空气洗洁器air proofair sicknessair speedaircraft disease 航空病aircraft pilots 飞机驾驶员airflow 气流airplane 飞机airsick 晕机的airsickness 航空病akatama 慢性周围神经炎akatamathesia 理解不能akatanoesis 自我理解不能akathisia 静坐不能akathisia 失静症Akerlund deformity 阿克隆德变形akinesia amnesica 遗忘性运动不能akinesia 运动不能akinesis 失动症akinesthesia 运动感觉缺失akinetic apraxia 运动性失用症akinetic mania 运动躁狂症akinetic mutismus 不动不语症akinetic mutismus 运动不能性缄默akoasm 耳鸣akoasm 幻听akoria 不饱症Aktpsychologie 意向心理学Akureyri disease 良性肌痛性脑脊髓炎AL 适应水平alalia cophosis 聋哑症alalia 构音不能alarm bell 警铃alarm call 警报呼叫alarm clock 闹钟alarm pheromone 警告外激素alarm reaction 警觉反应alarm reaction stage 警觉反应阶段alarm response 警觉反应alarm signal 警报信号alarm 警报alarming devices 警报装置alarming 使人惊恐Albarran salbedo perception 反照知觉albedo retina 视网膜水肿albedo 反照率Albert salbinism 白化病Albinus sAlbrecht sAlbright salbuginea oculi 巩膜albuginea 白膜albuminous body 蛋白体albuminuria amaurosis 蛋白尿性黑蒙albuminurophobia 蛋白尿恐怖症albuminurophobia 恐蛋白尿症alcohol abuse 酒精饮料滥用alcohol addiction 酗酒瘾alcohol dependence 酒精依赖alcohol intoxication 酒精中毒酒精中毒alcohol paranoid state 酗酒妄想狂状态alcohol 酒精alcoholic amnesia disorder 酒精性失忆症alcoholic brain syndrome 酒精中毒脑综合症alcoholic delirium 酒精中毒性谵妄alcoholic dementia 酒毒性痴呆alcoholic deterioration 酒精中毒性衰退alcoholic hallucinationalcoholic hallucinosis 酒精中毒性幻觉症alcoholic insanity 酒精中毒性精神病alcoholic jealousy 酒精性嫉妒alcoholic mania 酒狂alcoholic paralysis 酒精中毒性麻痹alcoholic paranoid 酒精中毒性妄想狂alcoholic poisoning 酒精中毒alcoholic polyneuropathy 酒精中毒性多元神经症alcoholic psychosis 酒精性精神病Alcoholics Anonymous 慝名戒毒会alcoholism 酒精中毒alcoholism 酒瘾alcoholization 酒精疗法alcoholizing 醇化alcoholomania 嗜酒癖alcoholophilia 酒癖Alderfer saldosterone 醛固酮alert 警觉alertness 警觉状态alexia without agraphia 非失写的失读症alexia 失读症alexipharmic 解毒的alexithymia 述情障碍aleydigism 睾丸间介细胞机能缺失alganesthesia 痛觉缺失algebra addition 代数加法algebra of logic 逻辑代数algebra of proposition 命题代数algebra of sets 集代数algebra 代数algebraic addition formula 代数加法公式algebraic analysis 代数分析algebraic body 代数体algebraic computer 代数计算机algebraic deviation 代数偏差值algebraic expression 代数表达式algebraic linguistics 代数语言学algebraic operation 代数运算algebraic semantics 代数语义学algebraist 代数学家algedonic 欣快痛觉algesia 痛觉algesichronometer 痛觉时间计algesimetry 痛觉测定法algesiometer 痛觉计algesireceptor 痛感受器algesthesia 痛觉algetic meter 痛觉计algetic 痛的alginuresis 痛性排尿algogenesis 痛产生algoglandular 痛性腺活动的ALGOL 计算机算法语言algolagnia 施虐色情狂algometabolic 痛性代谢改变的algometer 痛觉计algometry 痛觉测验法algomotor 痛性运动的algomuscular 痛性肌活动的algophilia 嗜痛癖algophobia 恐痛症algophobia 痛恐怖症algopsychalia 悲痛性抑郁病algopsychalia 精神性头痛algorism instruction 算法教学algorism 十进位计算法algorism 算法论algorithm instruction 算法教学algorithm 算法algorithmic language 算法语言algorithmic model 算法模式algorithmic notation 算法表示法algorithms 算法式algovascular 痛性血管活动的alienating need dispositionalienation coefficient 相疏系数alienation in work 劳动异化alienation of self consciousness 自我意识障碍alienation 疏离alienism 精神错乱alienist 精神病学家aliment 食物alimentary reflex 唾液反射alimentation 营养法alimentative instinct 求食本能alimentative reflex 食物反射alimentology 营养学alimentotherapy 营养疗法alkalescence 弱碱性alkalimeter 碱定量器alkalimetry 碱定量法alkaline reaction 碱性反应alkalinity 碱度alkaloid 生物碱alkalometry 生物碱剂量规定Alkalosis 阿卡洛斯体质alkalosis 碱中毒all possible regression procedure 所有可能回归法all channelall or noneall or noneall or nothing。