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新高三英语提分培优通关练（高考真题+名校模拟）第02辑（一轮语法专辑）专题01 定语从句（高考真题+名校模拟+写作升格）解析版目录高考真题专区1名校模拟专区5写作升格专区11高考真题专区：练真题，明方向；练技巧，提能力；练速度，提分数！1.（2024新课标I卷）The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route 64 brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England.1. which/that考查定语从句。
句意：Mark Woodruff补充说：“这是当代设计的最高成就，在丝绸之路的尽头，中国亚热带西南部的植物群从温带的欧洲穿过山脉、干旱的土地和高山牧场，这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国，定义了英国园艺的丰富和荣耀。
”空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词design，先行词指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词which或that引导从句。
故填which/that。
2.（2024全国甲卷）Yellowstone was the largest United States national park -2.2 million acres -until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, 70 became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres.2. which考查定语从句。
高考英语一轮复习语法专题：定语从句易错点及练习巩固误区一关系词的漏用或关系词的误用(1)【误】There are many people think that wealth is better than health.【正】There are many people who/that think that wealth is better than health.【正】There are many people thinking that wealth is better than health.[分析] 此句是there be句型，故判断“think that ...”用作定语；先行词是people，从句中缺少主语，故用who/that引导定语从句，相当于现在分词thinking。
(2)【误】I still remember the days when I spent with farmers in the countryside.【正】I still remember the days (that/which) I spent with farmers in the countryside.[分析] 先行词是the days，从句动词spent缺少宾语，故用关系代词that/which 引导定语从句，并在从句中作宾语，可省略。
(3)【误】All the books which were borrowed from the library must be returned on time.【正】All the books that were borrowed from the library must be returned on time.[分析] 当定语从句的先行词被all, some, any, no, few等修饰时，关系代词用that。
(4)【误】Until now, we have raised 50,000 pounds for the poor children, who is quite unexpected.【误】Until now, we have raised 50,000 pounds for the poor children, as is quite unexpected.【正】Until now, we have raised 50,000 pounds for the poor children, which is quite unexpected.[分析] 考查非限制性定语从句，先行词并非children，而应为整个主句所述的内容，另as在引导非限制性定语从句时，常用于肯定，而which常用于否定，故本题应用which 来引导非限制性定语从句。
高考英语一轮复习语法专题（二）定语从句------关系代词Attributive clauses一、什么是定语(attribute)？定义：定语是用来修饰名词或代词的句子成分。
He is an honest boy.We love our country.I know the girl in red.位置：单个的词作定语时，放在被修饰的名词前面；短语或从句作定语时，放在被修饰的词后面。
二、定语从句1.在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句（句意：“……的”）2.被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫做“ 先行词”3.引导定语从句的词叫“关系词”。
He is an Chinese teacherwho likes singing songs.该句中，teacher 是先行词，who是关系代词，who likes singing songs 叫做定语从句三、定语从句的位置定语从句通常放在被修饰词之后。
四、定语从句中的关系词关系代词：who、whom、whose、which、that关系副词：where﹑when﹑why关系代词（who, whom, which, that, whose）的指代关系关系代词的三个作用:1. 引导定语从句。
2. 代替先行词。
3. 在定语从句中担当一个成分。
关系词：指人：who、that、whom 、whose指物：which、that、whose例：1.The girl is from America.I called her just now.我刚才叫的那个女孩来自美国。
→The girl (whom/that/whoI called just now ) is from America. whom/that/who代替the girl，作定语从句中的宾语2. They’re talking about the film.I have seen the film.他们正在讨论我看过的那部电影。
定语从句知识点梳理1.定语从句：定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
2.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有where, when, why等。
关系词常有3个作用：1.引导定语从句2.代替先行词3.在定语从句中担当一个成分。
3. 先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词、代词称为先行词。
一、关系词的用法(一)关系代词who, whom, whose, that, which（在句中作主语、宾语或定语）关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1）who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：Is he the man who/that wants to see you?他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语）He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人。
（whom/that在从句中作宾语）2) Whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）, 如：They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.3）which, that它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，例如：A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.4) asAs用于先行词前有as, so, such, the same修饰的限制性定语从句.You can take as many books as you need.(二) 关系副词when, where, why（在句中作状语）1. when指时间，在定语从句中做时间状语(1) I still remember the day when I first came to the school.(2) The time when we got together finally came.2. where指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语(1) Shanghai is the city where I was born.(2) The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.3. why指原因，在定语从句中做原因状语(1) Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.(2) I don’t know the reason why he looks unhappy today.注意：关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词”引导的从句替换(1) The reason why/ for which he refused the invitation is not clear,(2) From the year when/in which he was going to school he began to know what he wanted when hegrew up.注意：介词+关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时1. 含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用，如：look for, look after, take care of等(1) This is the watch which/that I am looking for. (T)(2) This is the watch for which I am looking. (F)2. 若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时用whom，不可用who或者that；指物时用which，不能用that；关系代词是所有格时用whose(1) The man with whom you talked is my friend. (T)(2) The man with that you talked is my friend. (F)3. “介词+关系代词”前可有some, any, none, both, all, neither, most, each, few等代词或者数词(1) He loved his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him.(2) In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad.4. 介词后面的关系词不能省略。
