北京市清华大学附属中学(G17级)2020届高三6月适应性练习答案

2020 年北京市普通高中学业水平等级性考试适应性测试物理解析本试卷共 8 页，100 分。

考试时长 90 分钟。

考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分本部分共14 题，每题3 分，共 42 分。

在每题列出的四个选项中，选出最符合题目要求的一项。

1、下列说法正确的是A．布朗运动是液体分子的无规则运动B．随液体的温度升高，布朗运动更加剧烈C．物体从外界吸收热量，其内能一定增加D．内能是物体中所有分子热运动动能的总和答案：B解析：布朗运动不是液体分子的无规则运动，而是花粉颗粒的无规则的运动，布朗运动间接反映了液体分子是运动的，选项A错误；随液体的温度升高，布朗运动更加剧烈，选项B正确，因为温度越高，分子运动速度越大，故它的运动就越剧烈；物体从外界吸收热量，如果还要对外做功，则它的内能就不一定增加，选项C错误；内能是物体中所有分子热运动动能与分子势能的总和，故选项D错误。

2、对于一定质量的理想气体，下列说法正确的是A．若体积不变、温度升高，则每个气体分子热运动的速率都增大B．若体积减小、温度不变，则器壁单位面积受气体分子的碰撞力不变C．若体积不变、温度降低，则气体分子密集程度不变，压强可能不变D．若体积减小、温度不变，则气体分子密集程度增大，压强一定增大答案：D解析：温度升高，气体分子的平均动能增大，但并不是气体中每个分子的速率都增大，也有个别速度减小的，选项A错误；对于一定质量的理想气体，满足PVT不变，若体积减小、温度不变，则压强增大，故器壁单位面积受气体分子的碰撞力也会增大，选项B错误；若体积不变、温度降低，则压强减小，故选项C错误；若体积减小、温度不变，则分子密集程度增大，压强一定增大，选项D正确。

3、下列说法正确的是A．根据∆E=∆m c2可以计算核反应中释放的核能B．太阳辐射的能量主要来自太阳内部的核裂变反应C．目前核电站利用的核反应是裂变，核燃料为氘D．目前核电站利用的核反应是聚变，核燃料为铀答案：A解析：根据∆E=∆m c2可以计算核反应中释放的核能，式中∆m是核反应中的质量亏损，选项A正确；太阳辐射的能量主要来自太阳内部的核聚变反应，选项B错误；目前核电站利用的核反应是裂变，核燃料为铀，选项CD错误。

2020 年北京市高考适应性测试-语文答案：1.B2.D3.A4.C5.答：①从书体风格角度，篆书、正楷等表现静态之美，行书、草书等表现动态之美。

②从结构、章法角度，书法作品结构、章法等常常动中有静，静中有动，如书法结体“稳中寓险”，书法章法“动静相宜”。

③欣赏者需要提高修养，细细品味，修炼心境，才能真正体会到书法艺术的静与动，尤其是静态之美。

6.B7.A8.D9.D答：①死读兵书，疏于实践，缺乏实战经验。

②谈乱带兵打仗很随意，轻慢骄傲。

③颐指气使，不尊重将士。

④贪恋财物田宅，不能一心奉公。

11.（1）【答】“弗如也/吾与女/弗如也”：“与”为动词，是“赞同”的意思，全句意思是“不如他啊，我赞同你的看法，你是不如他啊”。

“弗如也/吾与女弗如也”，“与”为连词，是“和”的意思，全句的意思是“不如他啊，我和你都不如他啊”。

（2）【答】①内敛沉稳，善于反思，引申发挥，不盲目。

②学习勤奋，闻一知十，知识丰富。

③甘贫乐道，贫贱不移。

④亲近敬佩老师，对孔子心悦诚服。

12.B13.A14．答：①思想感情：杜诗主要表达青年时代昂扬奋发的心志和鄙视平庸的性情，陈词主要表达怀才不遇、壮志未酬的愤懑之情；②写作对象：杜诗写的是画中的鹰，陈词咏的是鹰本身；③描写手法：杜诗侧重于白描手法，勾勒画中雄鹰威猛的姿态和飞动的神情；陈词侧重于衬托手法，借壁立的寒山、空旷的大地、澄碧的秋空衬托鹰威猛雄健的形象。

用“男儿身手和谁赌？老来猛气还轩举”，表达了猛气犹存、老当益壮的情怀。

“人间多少闲狐兔。

月黑沙黄，此际偏思汝”，表达了期待施展抱负、建功立业的志向。

正面描写苍鹰搏击前的动作及其心理状态，以表现作者嫉恶如仇之心，奋发向上之志。

15．【答】①鹰击长空鱼翔浅底②则游者众则至者少③吾尝终日而思矣不如须臾之所学也④南朝四百八十寺多少楼台烟雨中16．【答】黛玉身世：“冷月”寂寞而凄冷，象征着作者林黛玉内心孤苦、身世凄凉，在原著中，黛玉父母双亡，寄身贾府，确实孤苦凄凉。

2020年北京市高考适应性测试数学第一部分(选择题共40分)一、选择题共10题，每题4分,共40分。

在每题列出的四个选项中，选出符合题目要求的一项。

(1)在复平面内，复数i(i+2)对应的点的坐标为(A) (1, 2) (B) (-1, 2) (C) (2, 1) (D) (2, -1)(2)已知集合A={x|x<2}， B={-1,0,1,2,3}, 则A∩B=(){0,1}A (B) {0,1,2} (C) {-1,0,1} (D) {-1,0,1,2}(3)下列函数中，在区间(0,+∞)上为减函数的是()1A y x =+ 2()1B y x =- 1()()2x C y = 2()log D y x =(4)函数2()56f x x x =-+的定义域为(A) {x|x≤2或x≥3}(B) {x|x≤-3或x≥-2} (C) {x|2≤x≤3}(D) {x|-3≤x≤-2} (5)圆心为(2, 1)且和x 轴相切的圆的方程是22()(2)(1)1A x y -+-=22()(2)(1)1B x y +++= 22()(2)(1)5C x y -+-=22()(2)(1)5D x y +++= (6) 要得到函数sin(2)3y x π=-的图象，只需要将函数y=sin2x 的图象 (A)向左平移3π个单位 (B)向左平移6π个单位 (C)向右平移3π个单位 (D)向右平移6π个单位 (7)某四棱锥的三视图如图所示,则该四棱锥的体积为2()3A 4()3B (C) 2(D) 4(8)已知点A(2,0)，B(0,-2).若点P 在函数y x =的图象上，则使得△PAB 的面积为2的点P 的个数为 (A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3(D) 4 (9)设{}n a 是等差数列，且公差不为零，其前n 项和为.n S 则“*1,n n n S S +∀∈>N ”是“{}n a 为递增数列”的(A)充分而不必要条件(B)必要而不充分条件 (C)充分必要条件 (D)既不充分也不必要条件(10)学业水平测试成绩按照考生原始成绩从高到低分为A,B,C,D,E 五个等级.某班共有36名学生且全部选考物理、化学两科,这两科的学业水平测试成绩如图所示.该班学生中，这两科等级均为A 的学生有5人，这两科中仅有一科等级为A 的学生，其另外一科等级为B.则该班（A ）物理化学等级都是B 的学生至多有12人（B ）物理化学等级都是B 的学生至少有5人（C ）这两科只有一科等级为B 且最高等级为B 的学生至多有18人（D ）这两科只有一科等级为B 且最高等级为B 的学生至少有1人第二部分(非选择题共110分)二、填空题共5题，每题5分，共25分。

2020 年北京市普通高中学业水平等级性考试适应性测试化学本试卷共 10 页， 100 分。

考试时长 90 分钟。

考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

可能用到的相对原子质量： H 1 C 12 O 16 Fe 56第一部分本部分共 14 题，每题 3 分，共 42 分。

在每题列出的四个选项中，选出最符合题目要求的一项。

1．高粱酿酒过程中的部分流程按顺序排列如下，其中能说明高粱转化过程中放出热量的是A B C D蒸粮”时加热“拌曲”前摊晾“堆酵”时升温“馏酒”时控温2．下列化学用语书写正确的是3．下列说法不．正确的是A．葡萄糖作为人类重要的能量来源，是由于它能发生水解B．甲醛的水溶液具有防腐性能，是由于它可使蛋白质变性C．纤维素能通过酯化反应得到醋酸纤维素，是由于纤维素分子中含有羟基D．植物油氢化得到的硬化油不易变质，是由于氢化过程使不饱和键数目减少4．下列各项比较中，一定相等的是A ．相同物质的量浓度的 CH 3COOH 和 CH 3COONa 溶液中的 c（CH3COO—） B．相同质量的钠分别完全转化为Na2O 和 Na2O2 时转移的电子数C．相同物质的量的丙烷和 2-甲基丙烷中所含 C—H 键的数目D ．标准状况下，相同体积的乙炔和苯中所含的H 原子数5．最近，中国科学院大连化物所CO2 催化转化为 CO 的研究获得新成果。

下图是使用不同催化剂（ NiPc 和 CoPc）时转化过程中的能量变化，下列说法不合理．．．的是其中吸附在催化剂表面的物种用·”标注）A．转化过程中有极性键形成B．· CO2 经氧化反应得到· COOHC．吸附在 NiPc 或 CoPc 表面带有相同基团的物种其能量不同D．该研究成果将有利于缓解温室效应并解决能源转化问题 6．下列解释事实的方程式不正．确．．的是7．下列颜色变化与氧化还原反应无关的是A ．湿润的红色布条遇氯气褪色B．棕黄色 FeCl3 饱和溶液滴入沸水中变红褐色C．紫色酸性 KMnO 4 溶液通入乙烯气体后褪色8．下列图示方法能完成相应实验的是9．根据右图实验所得推论不 ．合．理．的是已知：苯酚的熔点为 43℃A ．试管 a 中钠沉在底部，说明密度：甲苯＜钠B ．试管 b 、c 中生成的气体均有 H 2C ．苯酚中羟基的活性比乙醇中羟基的活性强D ．羟基对苯环的影响使苯环上羟基邻、对位的C —H 键易于断裂10．结合元素周期律，根据下列事实所得推测不合理．．．的是A ．配制一定物质的量B ．实验室制取 Cl 2C ．验证铁的析氢腐蚀D ．验证 浓易溶于水浓盐MnONH 3水11．根据下图所得判断正确的是已知： H2O(g) === H2O(l) △H =﹣44 kJ/molA ．图 1 反应为吸热反应B．图 1 反应使用催化剂时，会改变其△ HC．图 2 中若 H2O 的状态为液态，则能量变化曲线可能为①D．图 2 中反应为 CO2(g) + H2(g) === CO(g) + H 2O(g) △H = + 41 kJ/mol12．用高分子吸附树脂提取卤水中的碘(主要以 I—形式存在)的工艺流程如下：下列说法不．正．确．的是A ．经①和④所得溶液中， c(I ) 后者大于前者B．④的作用是将吸附的碘还原而脱离高分子树脂C．若②和⑤中分别得到等量 I2，则消耗的 n(Cl 2):n(KClO 3) = 5:2 D．由⑥得到碘产品的过程，主要发生的是物理变化化学第 4 页(共10 页)13．用一定浓度 NaOH 溶液滴定某醋酸溶液。

2020年北京市海淀区清大附中高考英语适应性试卷一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）AGet involved with our researchSome of our research projects rely on the generosity of people like you.Whether it's using your home PC，taking part in a clinical trial,or simply volunteering your time for a study,you may be able to contribute to some of the ground-breaking projects which make the University of Oxford a world leader in research.Watch this space for ways in which you could get involved.Seeking poor sleepers for insomnia（失眠）researchTrouble sleeping？Researchers from the Sleep&Circadian Neuroscience Institute are evaluating different interventions aimed at improving sleep.We are looking for poor sleepers between the ages of18and65．Participation will involve spending overnights in the sleep laboratory at Oxford,monitoring your sleep/wake cycle,and completing computerised tasks.If you are interested,please contact the research team at insomnia@Volunteers with lazy eye wantedWe are looking for volunteers with a history of lazy eye to take part in our brain scanning study.We are looking for healthy volunteers aged18-45with a history of lazy eye.You will also be asked questions about your medical history to check your suitability for an MRI scan. Call01865223622for more information.Oxford Vaccine GroupThe Oxford Vaccine Group is an independent multi-disciplinary（多学科的）clinical trials group.OVG works towards the goal of developing new and improved vaccines for the prevention of infection in adults and children,enhancing the understanding of immunity and studying the epidemiology of infectious diseases.To get more information, please see the OVG website.Oxford Experimental lab for the Social SciencesThe Oxford Internet Institute,together with the Business School,is recruiting individuals to participate in computer-based experiments involving online surfing behavior as well as economic and political decision-making.We pay our subjects well,there are no special skillsrequired and you don't have to come to the lab in person Contact us at socialscience.study@ for more information.1.What is the main purpose of the passage？______A.To offer medical help to patients.B.To look for experienced researchers.C.To introduce new research programs.D.To recruit volunteers for research projects.2.The goal of OVG is to______．A.carry out clinical trialsB.produce better vaccinesC.learn more about infectionD.study the causes of diseases3.You can finish the experiment on your home PC if you join______．A.Oxford Vaccine GroupB.Insomnia research groupC.Oxford Experimental labD.Brain Scanning study groupBMy daughter was being thrown out of the sixth grade.The teacher said,"She may not be up to what we're trying to accomplish."He was really saying she didn't have the intelligence.I got mad because I knew she was smart,just as my father had known I was smart when I was failing in school.We had her tested.I decided to get myself tested as well,and found that the troubles she was having were exactly what I had had-dyslexia.By then I was a successful television writer,and had won an Emmy Award for"The Rockford Files."If I had known earlier that something beyond my control could explain why I was a low achiever,I may not have worked so hard in my late20s and early30s.I was writing and writing.I was working for no other reason than to hear people praise me,because I did badly in all my courses.I once asked a friend who had always gotten an A，"How long did you study for this？"He said,"I didn't.I just glanced at it."So he must be smarter.I began to ask,"What will happen to me when I'm not good at anything？" Despite my doubts,I did become successful,and people now say to me,"So you've overcome dyslexia."No.You don't overcome it,you learn to compensate for it.Some easy things are very hard for me.Most people who go through college read twice as fast as I do.I avoid dialing a phone if I can,because I sometimes have to try three times to get the number right.Despite my weaknesses I view dyslexia as a gift,not a curse（诅咒）．Many dyslexics are good at right-brain,abstract thought,and that's what my kind of creative writing is.And I can write quickly,and can get up to15pages a day.Writing is my strength.The real fear I have for dyslexic children is not they have to struggle in school,but that they will quit on themselves before they get out of school.Parents have to create victories for them, whether it's music,sports or art.You can make your dyslexic child able to say,"Yeah,reading is hard.But I have other things I can do."4.The writer decided to get himself tested as well because he______．A.wanted to know if they had the same problemB.didn't believe his daughter had the problemC.had to take a regular medical examinationD.accepted that his daughter was not smart5.We can learn from the second paragraph that the writer______．A.struggled and got better gradesB.didn't work hard when he was youngC.was praised for overcoming dyslexiaD.was thankful not knowing of dyslexia earlier6.According to the passage,a dyslexic person______．A.is less intelligentB.always fails in schoolC.reads more slowly than normal peopleD.performs worse in left-brain activities7.What can we learn from the story？______A.Clumsy birds have to start flying early.B.God shuts one door but opens another.C.Never judge a person by his appearance.D.No one can make a good coat with bad cloth.CAlthough it has been revealed in recent years that plants are capable of seeing,hearing and smelling,they are still usually thought of as silent.But now,for the first time,they have been recorded making ultrasonic（超声的）cries when stressed,which researchers say could open up a new field of precision agriculture wherefarmers listen for water-starved crops.Itzhak Khait and his colleagues at Tel Aviv University in Israel found that tomato and tobacco plants made cries at frequencies humans cannot hear when stressed by a lack of water or when their stem it cut.Microphones placed10centimetres from the plants picked up sounds in the ultrasonic rangeof20to100kilohertz,which the team says insects and some mammals would be capable of hearing and responding to from as far as5metres away.A moth may decide against laying eggs on a plant that sounds water-stressed,the researchers suggest.Plants could even hearthat other plants are short of water and react accordingly,theyspeculate（推断）．On average,drought-stressed tomato plants made35sounds an hour,while tobacco plants made11．When plant stems were cut,tomato plants made an average of25 sounds in the following hour,and tobacco plants15Unstressed plants produced fewer than one sound per hour,on average.It is even possible to distinguish between the sounds to know what the stress is.The researchers trained a machine-learning model to recognize between the plants'sounds and the wind,rain and other noises of the greenhouse,correctly identifying in most cases whether the stress was caused by dryness or a cut,based on the sound's intensity and frequency.Water-hungry tobacco appears to make louder sounds than cut tobacco,for example. Enabling farmers to listen for water-stressed plants could"open a new direction in the field of precision agriculture"，the researchers suggest.They add that such an ability will be increasingly important as climate change exposes more areas to drought. "The suggestion that the sounds that drought-stressed plants make could be used in precision agriculture seems feasible（可行的）if it is not too costly to set up the recording in a field situation,"says Anne Visscher at the royal Botanic Gardens,Kew,in the UK．She warns that the results can't yet be broadened out to other stresses,such as salt or temperature,because these may not lead to sounds.In addition,there have been no experiments to show whether moths or any other animal can hear and respond to the sounds the plants make,so that idea remains based on guesses for now,she says.8.The experiment by researchers at Tel Aviv University shows that______．A.tomato plants cry more often than tobacco when hurtB.plant sounds can be heard by plants quite far awayC.humans can hear water-hungry plants cryingD.moths like laying eggs on stressed plant9.What is Anne Visscher's attitude towards the finding of the experiment？______A.Disappointed.B.Cautious.C.Appreciative.D.Optimistic.10.Taking advantage of the new research finding,farmers can______．A.harvest crops in timeB.reduce greenhouse effectsC.diagnose plant condition fasterD.detect and remove insects easily11.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage？______A.Plants get stressed Just Like USB.Sounds of Plants Detected Far AwayC.Cries of plants break Farmers'HeartsD.Plants scream in the presence of stressDThe first patient who died on my watch was an older man with a faulty heart.We tried to slow it down with treatment,but it suddenly stopped beating ter,whenever I would have a case like that one,I found myself second-guessing my clinical management. However,it turns out that thinking twice may actually cause more harm than good.In a working paper,Emory University researchers found that when doctors delivering a baby have a bad result,they are more likely to switch to a different delivery method with the next patient,often unnecessarily and sometimes with worse results.Because doctors make so many decisions that have serious consequences,the fallout from second-guessing appears especially large for us.A2006study found that if a patient had a bleed after being prescribed（开药）warfarin,the physician was about 20%less likely to prescribe later patients the blood thinner that preventsstrokes（中风）．However,if a patient was not on warfarin and had a stroke physicians were still no more likely to prescribe warfarin to their other patients.These findings highlight interesting behavioral patterns in doctors.In the blood-thinner study,doctors were more affected by the act of doing harm（prescribing a blood thinner that ended up hurting doctors were more affected by the act of doingharm（prescribing a blood thinner that ended up hurting apatient）and less affected by letting harm happen（not prescribing a blood thinner and the patient having a stroke）．Yet a stroke is often more permanent and damaging than a bleed.But this phenomenon is not unique to medicine."Overreaction to Fearsome Risks"holds true for broader society.For instance,sensational headlines about shark attacks on humans in Florida in2001caused a panic and led the state to prohibit shark-feeding expeditions.Yet shark attacks had actually fallen that year and,according to the study,such a change was probably unnecessary giventhe extremely small risk of such an attack happening.Humans are likely to be influenced by emotional and often irrational（不理性的）thinking when processing information,bad events and mistakes.As much as we don't want to cause an unfortunate event to happen again,we need to be aware that a worst situation that can be imagined doesn't necessarily mean we did anything wrong.When we overthink,wefail to rely on thinking based on what we know or have experienced.Instead,we may involuntarily overanalyze and come to the wrong conclusion.I have treated dozens of patients who presented with the same illnesses as my first patient, who died more than a year ago.Instead of second-guessing myself,I trusted my clinical instinct（本能）and stayed the course.Every one of those patients survived.You should trust your instinct in your life,too.12.The first two paragraphs suggest that______．A.bad medical outcomes affect doctorsB.delivering babies can be difficult workC.some doctors are not very experiencedD.doctors sometimes make silly mistakes13.In the blood-thinner study,doctors______．A.tend to prescribe less effective medicineB.are more concerned about the patients'safetyC.become less confident in writing a prescriptionD.believe a stroke is more treatable than a bleeding14.What does the underlined word"fallout"in Paragraph3probably mean？______A.ResultB.BenefitC.DifferenceD.Absence15.The author will probably agree that______．A.we should not doubt our own decisionsB.our experience will pave way for our futureC.humans are emotional and irrational on the wholeD.instincts don't necessarily lead to wrong directions二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）The way individuals collectively remember,forget,and recall event,people,places,etc,has been an important topic of research on collective memory.(1)He developed the concept of collective memory,arguing that individual memories are only understood within the context of a group through time and space.In all cases,most research on memory studies relies on long procedures.(2)They include theoretical concepts,the study of historical sources,oral histories,case studies,interviews,and surveys.For example,one group of researchers carried out several interviews to investigate younger and older American adults for three wars, namely,the Civil War,World WarⅡ，and the Iraq War.(3)Both younger and older adults recalled the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki；however,they differed in how they rated the bombings.More recently,memory study scholars tend to stress the significance of the media in shaping collective memories："Culture and individuals'memory are constantly produced through the technologies of memory."Under this perspective,research often involves content analysis of news and the use of surveys or interviews for analyzing the public memory.(4)However,developments in digital technologies in recent years have significantly influenced how we keep track of events both as individuals and as a collective."The Internet doesn't forget."The Internet has had strong impacts on memory and the processes of remembering and forgetting.(5)Analyzing different Web documents,researchers have shown that more recent past events are remembered more vividly in the present.A．Research on collective memory is often based on various aspects.B．There are a few simple things a person can do to help improve their memory.C．Maurice Halbwachs is recognized as the father of collective memory research. D．Although all Americans recalled similar events,the interpretation changed over the generations.E．Also,scholars have studied the role of journalists as collective memory agents by analyzing their stories.F．Recently developed information technologies have affected how we create,store and recall information.G．Meanwhile,it has transformed collective memory into an observable phenomenon that can be tracked and measured online.16. A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17. A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18. A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19. A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20. A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）I Have Two Names Oyindasola means"Honey poured into my wealth."It's fairly common Nigerian（尼日利亚的）name,mainly used for girls.(21)，I'm known as Oyindasola but my nickname is Chelsea.Some ask why I don't use my real(22)and I tell them what my father told me：a story about him(23)Chelsea,South West London a year after I was born.I tell them that this nickname spoke to him so much that it(24)on every birthday cake of mine.When I was seven,inside the brick walls of our townhouse in New York,we decided to(25) to Nigeria.And my mother needed to know what my family there would call me.The nickname I'd been called for as long as I could(26)or the complex name on my passport？A simple question.But it tore me apart.A week later we found ourselves at an airport with groups of Nigerians speaking as we(27) for our cab.After a week of getting used to the spicier foods,and sharper scents,I fell into(28)．Soon,my memories of Disney in America were(29)with sounds of Nigerian music.My tongue grew heavier with Nigerian(30)，and the words shared between my mother and grandmother in their native tongue finally(31)．But,I still wasn't Nigerian enough.Their unfriendly looks and(32)were a constant reminder of who I was：an American girl with the westernized name.So I wasn't(33)sad when my mother announced our back to America for her work.On the first day of middle school in America,(34)coursed through me because I knew my birth name wouldn't(35)the attendance list just as I couldn't fail to draw others'attention.I was(36)when the teacher mispronounced my painfully long name and my classmates laughed. But with every passing year,came new(37)．Every new attendance roll（考勤）call was responded with a braver voice and a(38)smile.That long name,mispronounced or not,is mine.The Nigerian accent slipping through is mine.Who I am is simple：a Nigerian girl with(39)to the American dream,a girl with two(40)and two names.21. A.Luckily B.Frankly C.Legally D.Obviously22. A.origin C.identity D.signature23. A.visiting B.describing C.abandoning D.leaving24. peted B.happened C.passed D.appeared25. A.drive B.move C.pace D.walk26. A.imagine B.predict C.remember D.survive27. A.headed B.answered C.changed D.turned28. A.conversations B.chaos C.desperation D.routine29. A.connected B.replaced C.faced D.decorated30. A.recreation B.lifestyle C.accent D.diet31. A.made sense B.took shape C.died away D.ran out32. A.gifts B.decisions C.negotiations D.remarks33. A.rarely B.really C.perfectly D.nervously34. A.anxiety B.disappointmentC.rudenessD.shock35. A.form B.throw C.ruin D.escape36. A.guilty B.regretful C.embarrassed D.confused37. A.sympathy B.confidence C.generosity D.honesty38. A.kinder B.weaker C.wider D.friendlier39. A.reaction B.objection C.response D.access40. nguages B.advantages C.degrees D.occupations四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）41.A Books were my true friends back then I was so(1)（thank）that the authors wrotethose books.The kindness they offered me with their books saved my life.Aftersurviving terrible experiences at school and at home,I(2)（make）a choice to take the optimistic,positive road in the next steps of my journey.My dream career,one I thought was only possible for the authors I loved is what I am doing now.I have been a full-time author of teen novels since2007and am grateful(3)this amazing opportunity to reach out to readers every single day.B Robots have certain advantages compared to humans：They are efficient,tireless,can be repaired when(4)（damage）and they never get sick.This last trait has made them the star during our fight against the COVID-19pandemic.While thousands of medical workers have fallen ill(5)（deal）with this highly infectious virus and a lot more are forced to stay at home for fear of getting the disease,this isn't a problem forrobots.This is(6)the COVID-19outbreak is seen as the"tipping point"for robots tostart to replace humans in certain jobs.CAnimal Crossing：New Horizons attracts numerous young gamers globally.It's a low-pressure life simulation（模拟）game(7)gamers are free to fill the days however they like.Gamers can do anything they want,including checking in with friends and interacting with many animal(8)（assist）．Days(9)（spend）on an island catching fish,picking fruit and growing crops.The informal,conflict-free format of the game sets it apart from other popular games,but without a doubt it successfully delivers joy and faith to the public during this time of social distancing,with(10)（it）simple and warm features.五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共35.0分）42.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你的英国好友Jim得知北京开展垃圾分类活动，发来邮件询问相关信息，请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：1、垃圾分类的相关信息（分类标准、社区宣传……）；2、你对垃圾分类的看法．注意：1．词数不少于50；2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数．Dear Jim,_______Yours,Li Hua43.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华．你们学校上周组织了一场"校园运动周"活动．请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文周记，记述整个过程．注意：词数不少于60．提示词：踢毽shuttlecock kicking跳绳rope skipping抖音Tik Tok答案和解析1.【答案】【小题1】D【小题2】B【小题3】C【解析】（1）D．写作意图题。

2020年北京市普通高中高三适应性测试化学试题本试卷共 10 页，100 分。

考试时长 90 分钟。

考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作 答无效。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

可能用到的相对原子质量：H 1 C 12 O 16 F e 56第一部分本部分共 14 题，每题 3 分，共 42 分。

在每题列出的四个选项中，选出最符合题目要求 的一项。

1．高粱酿酒过程中的部分流程按顺序排列如下，其中能说明高粱转化过程中放出热量的是2．下列化学用语书写正确的是A ．过氧化钠的电子式是Na O O Na B ．乙烷的结构式是 HC H H C HH HC ．氯原子的结构示意图是D ．中子数为7的碳原子是76C 3．下列说法不正确的是A ．葡萄糖作为人类重要的能量来源，是由于它能发生水解B ．甲醛的水溶液具有防腐性能，是由于它可使蛋白质变性C ．纤维素能通过酯化反应得到醋酸纤维素，是由于纤维素分子中含有羟基D ．植物油氢化得到的硬化油不易变质，是由于氢化过程使不饱和键数目减少 4．下列各项比较中，一定相等的是A ．相同物质的量浓度的CH 3COOH 和CH 3COONa 溶液中的c (CH 3COO -) B ．相同质量的钠分别完全转化为 Na 2O 和Na 2O 2 时转移的电子数 C ．相同物质的量的丙烷和2-甲基丙烷中所含 C —H 键的数目 D ．标准状况下，相同体积的乙炔和苯中所含的H 原子数5．最近，中国科学院大连化物所CO2 催化转化为CO 的研究获得新成果。

下图是使用不同催化剂（NiPc 和CoPc）时转化过程中的能量变化，下列说法不合理．．．．．的是ArrayA．转化过程中有极性键形成B．·CO2 经氧化反应得到·COOHC．吸附在NiPc 或CoPc 表面带有相同基团的物种其能量不同D．该研究成果将有利于缓解温室效应并解决能源转化问题6．下列解释事实的方程式不正确的是A．用食醋清洗水垢：CO32-+ 2CH3COOH ===2CH3COO- + H2O + CO2↑B．84 消毒液与洁厕灵混用产生有毒气体：ClO- + Cl- + 2H+ ===Cl2↑ + H2OC．用氢氧化铝治疗胃酸过多：Al(OH)3 + 3H+ === Al3+ + 3H2OD．用硫化钠除去废水中的汞离子：Hg2+ + S2--=== HgS↓7．下列颜色变化与氧化还原反应无关的是A．湿润的红色布条遇氯气褪色B．棕黄色FeCl3 饱和溶液滴入沸水中变红褐色C．紫色酸性KMnO4 溶液通入乙烯气体后褪色D．浅黄色Na2O2 固体露置于空气中逐渐变为白色8．下列图示方法能完成相应实验的是A.配制一定物质的量浓度的NaOH溶液B．实验室制取Cl2C．验证铁的析氢腐蚀 D.验证氨气易溶于水9．根据右图实验所得推论不合理的是已知：苯酚的熔点为43℃A．试管a 中钠沉在底部，说明密度：甲苯＜钠B．试管b、c 中生成的气体均有H2C．苯酚中羟基的活性比乙醇中羟基的活性强D．羟基对苯环的影响使苯环上羟基邻、对位的C—H 键易于断裂10．结合元素周期律，根据下列事实所得推测不合理的是事实推测A ⅣA 族14Si 和32Ge 的单质是半导体材料同族82Pb 的单质是半导体材料B HI 在230℃时分解，HCl 在1500℃时分解HF 分解温度大于1500℃C H3PO4 是中强酸，H2SO4 是强酸HClO4 是强酸D Na、Al 通常用电解法冶炼Mg 可用电解法冶炼11．根据下图所得判断正确的是已知：H2O(g) === H2O(l) △H =﹣44 kJ/molA．图1 反应为吸热反应B．图1 反应使用催化剂时，会改变其△HC．图2 中若H2O 的状态为液态，则能量变化曲线可能为①D．图2 中反应为CO2(g) + H2(g) === CO(g) + H2O(g) △H = + 41 kJ/mol12．用高分子吸附树脂提取卤水中的碘（主要以I-形式存在）的工艺流程如下：下列说法不正确的是A．经①和④所得溶液中，c(I-)后者大于前者B．④的作用是将吸附的碘还原而脱离高分子树脂C．若②和⑤中分别得到等量I2，则消耗的n(Cl2):n(KClO3) = 5:2D．由⑥得到碘产品的过程，主要发生的是物理变化13．用一定浓度NaOH 溶液滴定某醋酸溶液。

2020 年北京市高考适应性测试语文本试卷共10 页，150 分。

考试时长150 分钟。

考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

一、本大题共5 题，共18 分。

阅读下面的材料，完成1－5 题。

材料一我国文字的产生，基础是“象形”。

最初写字就是画画，加上中国文字书写所用的特别的工具，可以使点画的形态有粗细、强弱、肥瘦、刚柔、方圆、曲直等变化，这就使得我国的文字书写在历史发展过程中逐渐成为了一种借助于点、线、形的种种变化、组合和结构以体现形式美的艺术。

即使从商代算起，汉字也已经有三千多年的历史。

从甲骨文、金文、篆书，到隶书、楷书，汉字的形体发生了巨大的变化。

随着古今汉字形体的不断演变，字形的图画性逐渐减弱，符号性逐渐增强，汉字的书写逐渐形成了诸多风格迥异的书体形式。

我国历史上不少书法理论家，对于书法艺术的书体创作有过很好的讨论。

唐代孙过庭曾说过：“篆尚婉而通，隶欲精而密，草贵流而畅，章务检而便（章草需要端正安适，从容稳和，而不是欹侧取势，荒卒急遽。

）。

”孙氏的观点表明，书法艺术可以通过汉字的不同书体体现，不同的书体具有不同的表现力。

清代刘熙载则把不同的书体分为两大类，他说：“书凡两种：篆、分、正为一种【 1 】，皆详而静者也；行、草为一种，皆简而动者也。

”依据刘氏的区分，前一类书体显然宜于表现静态之美，而后一类书体则宜于表现动态之美。

对于构成书法艺术美的现实根据，我国历史上的书法家、书法鉴赏家和理论家，也有很好的认识。

汉代书法家蔡邕（拥音）就明确指出，书法的点画形体必须处处能引起人们对于现实中种种美的形体和动态的联想，才算得上是艺术。

唐代书法理论家张怀瓘（惯音）认为，书家在创作时应该把自己从无限多样的现实世界感受到的种种形态的美，集中地体现在书法的点画形体上，并由此抒发出自己内心的思想感情，即所谓“囊括万殊，裁成一相；或寄以骋纵横之志，或托以散郁结之怀”。

北京市2020届高三高考适应性测试英语试题第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45 分）第一节语法填空（共10 小题；每小题1.5 分，共15 分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。

在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1 个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

AMrs. Bailey was important in the educational journey that carried me through school and into my profession. Until I joined her class, I hadn’t believed in my ability as a writer. She 1 (persuade) me to join the poetry society and lit in me a fire for literature. She recognised 2 (I) potential and showed me that I could write with creativity and enthusiasm. Because of the confidence she inspired in me, I’ve carved out a 3 (success) profession as a journalist.BSome university students carried out a campaign 4 they celebrated their whole day without cell phones. This move was to improve their relationships with their near and dear ones and to keep them away from the virtual ( 虚拟的) life. 5 (study) indicate that a majority of young people used their phones during lessons, over family meals or even at the cinema. The problem of phone addiction (成瘾) has been observed since a few years ago, with experts and psychologists 6 (try) to increase awareness about this problem.CThe tiger shark 7 (consider) to be one of the most dangerous sharks in the world. Why are tiger sharks so dangerous? First, they like to live 8 waters where humans usually swim, so the chances of an encounter ( 遭遇) are much greater. Second, tiger sharks are so strong and aggressive that they can 9 (easy) hit a person. And third, tiger sharks have teeth perfectly 10 (design) for cutting their food, so it is certain that the damage will be disastrous.第二节完形填空（共20 小题；每小题1.5 分，共30 分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

2020 年北京市普通高中学业水平等级性考试适应性测试物理本试卷共8 页，100 分。

考试时长90 分钟。

考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分本部分共14 题，每题3 分，共42 分。

在每题列出的四个选项中，选出最符合题目要求的一项。

1．下列说法正确的是A．布朗运动是液体分子的无规则运动B．随液体的温度升高，布朗运动更加剧烈C．物体从外界吸收热量，其内能一定增加D．内能是物体中所有分子热运动动能的总和2．对于一定质量的理想气体，下列说法正确的是A．若体积不变、温度升高，则每个气体分子热运动的速率都增大B．若体积减小、温度不变，则器壁单位面积受气体分子的碰撞力不变C．若体积不变、温度降低，则气体分子密集程度不变，压强可能不变D．若体积减小、温度不变，则气体分子密集程度增大，压强一定增大3．下列说法正确的是A．根据∆E=∆mc2可以计算核反应中释放的核能B．太阳辐射的能量主要来自太阳内部的核裂变反应C．目前核电站利用的核反应是裂变，核燃料为氘D．目前核电站利用的核反应是聚变，核燃料为铀4．下列说法正确的是A．光导纤维传输信号是利用光的干涉现象B．用三棱镜观测光谱是利用光的折射现象C．一束单色光经由空气射入玻璃后速度不变，波长变短D．光的干涉现象和光电效应都是光具有波动性的表现物理第1 页（共8 页）225．如图所示，理想变压器的原线圈接在u=220 sin100νt(V)的交流电源上，副线圈接有R=55φι的负载电阻，原、副线圈匝数之比为4∶1，电流表、电压表均为理想电表。

下列说法正确的是A．原线圈的输入功率为220 WB．电流表的读数为1 AC．电压表的读数为55VD．通过电阻R 的交变电流频率是100Hz6．如图是电子射线管示意图。

接通电源后，电子射线由阴极沿x 轴方向射出，在荧光屏上会看到一条亮线。

要使荧光屏上的亮线向下（z 轴负方向）偏转，在下列措施中可采用的是A．加一电场，电场方向沿z 轴负方向B．加一电场，电场方向沿y 轴正方向C．加一磁场，磁场方向沿z 轴负方向D．加一磁场，磁场方向沿y 轴正方向7．我国自主建设、独立运行的北斗卫星导航系统由数十颗卫星构成，目前已经向一带一路沿线国家提供相关服务。