最新初中英语语法知识—冠词的图文解析(1)
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冠词冠词在句中的位置及分类:冠词主要放在名词之前,说明名词所表示的人或事物。
冠词有三种:a和an为不定冠词,the为定冠词,零冠词(名词前不用冠词)。
一、不定冠词(一)不定冠词a,an的区别a用在以辅音音素开头的单词前,an用在以元音音素开头的单词前。
如:an honest boyThereisan“f”inthe word“five”.记忆:“不见元音不加an,不看字母看发音”。
1. 在26个字母中,前面用an的字母有“a, e,f,h,i,l, m, n, o, r, s, x,”,其它用a。
2.注意区别以u开头的单词。
anumbrellaan unusual storyan unhappyboya universityauseful book(二)不定冠词的用法1、在叙述时用于第一次提到某人或某物前。
如:This is a book.2、泛指人或事物的某一类别,以区别于其他种类。
如:A planeis a machine that canfly.3、泛指某人或某物。
如:Ayoungman is waitingforyou.4、用于表示时间、速度、价格等意义的名词之前,有“每一”的意思,相当于every。
如:fivelessons a week5、用在某些物质名词或抽象名词前,表示“一阵,一份,一类,一场”等。
如:T here'llbe astrong windin South China.6、用于可视为一个整体的两个名词前。
如:aknife and fork一副刀叉7、“a+序数词”表示“又一,再一”。
如:Thecake is delicious,andI would like a secondone.8、表示数量,有“一个”的意思。
如:Ihave a pen.9、用来说明事物的同一性质、特征、程度或大小,相当于thesame,表示“相同”。
如:The two shirtsare of a size.两件衬衫尺寸相同。
(一)冠词概述冠词是限定词的一种,自己不能单独使用,只能依附于一个名词帮助说明这个名词的含义。
因此冠词也可以说是名词的一种标志,它不能离开名词而单独存在。
冠词有三种形式:不定冠词a(an),定冠词(the)和零冠词(即不使用冠词)。
冠词用法每次中考都会出现,主要考查:(1)名词前的定冠词、不定冠词和零冠词的用法;(2)固定搭配中的冠词用法。
a,an 的用法区别是常考内容。
序数词前及形容词最高级前或姓氏前使用定冠词也是近年来中考的常考内容。
(二)基础知识梳理1.不定冠词a/an的用法不定冠词用来修饰单数可数名词,指人或物中的某一个或某一类,但不具体说明是何人何物。
如:A famous astronaut will give us a talk the week after next.a用在以辅音音素(不是辅音字母)开头的单词前,如:a university student,a European country;an用在以元音音素(不是元音字母)开头的单词前,如:an honest girl,an underground train.现将不定冠词的基本用法归纳如下:1)首次提到某人某物,不定冠词起介绍作用。
如:Long long ago an old man lived in a small village.2)表示每一的意思,常用于表示时间、速度的名词之前,相当于every。
如:ten metres a second,twice a week3)也可用于不可数的物质名词和抽象名词之前,使其具体化。
如:1 would like a drink.Its a great joy to live in Shanghai.4)某些固定短语中,要用不定冠词。
如:have a good time,in a hurry,have a break,for a while,a pair of,have a look,with a smile,take an active part in.2.定冠词the的用法1)指第二次提到的人或物。
初中英语冠词讲解 LELE was finally revised on the morning of December 16, 2020英语学习第四课时(数词+冠词)一知识讲解(一)数词的特定表示法小数,百分数,算数的表示方法1.分数表示法。
(子基,母序,带and)①.分数的构成(分子用基数词,分母用序数词。
分子如果大于1,则分母序数词用复数形式)1/2读作:_one-second__1/3读作:_one-third____2/5读作:_two-fifths_ 3/4读作:_three-fourths__1/25读作:_one--twentieth-fifths_____________②.带分数的整数和分数之间须用and连接。
三又二分之一:_three_and_one-second__五又四分之一__five_and_one-fourth__九又十二分之五_nine_and_five-twelfths___2.小数表示法。
小数只能用基数词表示,其中小数点读作point,零读作zero(或o);小数点之后按数字依次读出;整数部分为0时可以省略不读。
: zero point nine : three point fifty-eight: two point zero sixteen : eight point four hundred-twenty-five3. 百分数表示法(% 读作 percent)18%:%%_zero_point_zero_five_percent4. 算数表达法1+2=3 One and two is three. 12+10 =22 twelve and ten is twenty-two3-1=2 Three minus one is two. 15-5 =10 fifteen minus five is ten(二)冠词冠词三兄弟a, an和the的任务就是给名词“戴帽子”。
冠词用法讲解冠词作为一种虚词,在英语中只能和名词一起使用。
英语中的冠词分为不定冠词和定冠词。
1.不定冠词的用法不定冠词有两个,a 和an。
a用在辅音开头的单词前面;an用于以元音开头的单词前。
如:a book, an apple。
1)不定冠词用在单数可数名词前表示“某一个”。
如:There is a policeman at the door.门口有个警察。
2) 不定冠词用在单数可数名词之前,表示“任何,每个”。
如:A car must be insured.汽车一定要上保险。
3) 不定冠词用于头一次出现的单数名词之前。
如:There is a box in the room. The box is heavy.房间里有个箱子。
这个箱子很重。
4) 不定冠词和名词连用作表语或同位语,主要说明某个人或东西所属类别。
如:She is a teacher. 她是个老师。
5)定冠词用在价格、速度、比率等短语中。
如:six kilometers an hour 每小时60公里3 times a day 每天三次6) 不定冠词用在专有名词前。
如:He wants to buy a Kodak.他想买架柯达相机。
7)不定冠词用于某些固定短语中。
如:have a try试一下take a break 休息一下have a good time 玩得痛快make a living 谋生as a matter of fact 事实上in a word 总而言之2. 定冠词(the)的用法1)定冠词和名词连用,表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。
如:Mother carved the meat into slices妈妈把肉切成了片。
2)定冠词用于可数名词前,表示一类人或东西。
如:The horse is a useful animal. 马是一种有用的动物。
3)定冠词用于第二次出现的名词之前。
如:I got a letter yesterday. The letter was sent by e-mail.我昨天接到了一封信。
语法讲解:冠词2024-2025学年新人教版英语七年级上册英语语法中的冠词是一种重要的虚词,它不能单独使用,必须置于名词之前,用于说明名词所表示的人或事物的特定性或泛指性。
冠词主要分为定冠词(the)和不定冠词(a/an)两种,此外还有零冠词(即不使用冠词)的情况。
下面将详细讲解冠词的用法:一、定冠词(the)定冠词“the”用于特指某个或某些特定的事物,其主要用法包括:1.特指已知或已提及的事物:o当说话双方都知道所指的事物时,通常使用定冠词。
例如:“Please close the door.”(请关上门。
)2.用在独一无二的事物前:o如自然界中的太阳、月亮、地球等,以及地理名称如山脉、河流等。
例如:“The sun rises in the east.”(太阳从东方升起。
)3.用在序数词、形容词最高级和某些形容词前:o例如:“She is the first person to arrive.”(她是第一个到达的人。
)“He is the tallest boy in the class.”(他是班上最高的男孩。
)4.用在某些专有名词前:o包括国家名称、组织机构名称、节日名称等。
例如:“The United States of America”(美利坚合众国)、“The Olympic Games”(奥林匹克运动会)5.用在江河、山脉、岛屿、海湾、海峡、沙漠等专有名词前:o如“the Amazon River”(亚马逊河)、“the Himalayas”(喜马拉雅山)6.用在报刊、杂志、会议、条约前:o如“the New York Times”(纽约时报)、“the Geneva Convention”(日内瓦公约)7.在公共建筑、机关团体组织名词前:o如“the White House”(白宫)、“the United Nations”(联合国)8.表示一类事物,而不是具体的实例:o这通常出现在复数名词前,如“The elephants are intelligent animals.”(大象是聪明的动物。
一、选择题1.—Can you remember when Mr. Brown left ________ city?—Sorry . I can’t. I only remember it was ________ Thursday.A.a, a B.the, the C.a. the D.the, a2.Zhao Youting is _______ famous actor from Taiwan who played the lead role of Ye Hua in______ TV show Life After Life, Blooms Over Blooms.(《三生三世,十里桃花》)A.a; / B.the; / C./; the D.a; the3.Zhang Miman, 82, ______ professor at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, was given ______ 2018 L’Oreal-UNESCO for Women in Science award on March 22.A.a; the B.a; an C.the; a D.the; the 4.Ciqikou is _______ famous place in Chongqing.A.a B.an C.the D./5.—When is Mother’s Day?—It’s on ___________ Sunday in May.A.two B.the second C.twelve D.the twelfth 6.—What did you do yesterday?—We took a trip to Water Park by ____ bus and went for ____ walk around the lake.A./; a B./; /C.the; a D.the; the7.—Who is ____ girl behind the tree ? —Which one ? The one with ______ umbrella ? A.a; the B.an; an C.the; a D.the; an8.––What’s on your desk, Judy?––It’s ________ English-Chinese dictionary. It’s _______useful dictionary.A.an, the B.an, an C.an, a9.---What is your cousin like?--Well, my cousin is ______ 11-year-old boy with shirt black hair. He is also very funny and he likes telling _____ jokes.A.a; the B.the; 不填C.不填; the D.an; 不填10.---Hello, Joyce, you are busy. Can I give you ___hand?----Thanks very much, __ I can manage. A.the , and B.an , or C.a , so D.a , but11.---Look! Who's ______ boy talking with Jack over there?---Oh, he is my cousin, Bob. He is _____ honest boy.A.a; the B.the; an C.the; a D.a; an12.—Are there many places of interest in Jinan?—Yes. By ________ way, you can go there by ______ bus.A.the; a B./; the C.the; / D.a; /13.—What do you usually have for______ breakfast?—A piece of bread and _________egg.A.a; an B./;theC.a; the D./; an14.---Kate, are you only child in your family?---Yes, but new baby is on the way.A.a; the B.an; the C.the; a D.the; the 15.My dear friend, your attitude today has ________ important effects on your success tomorrow. Come on, please.A.a B.an C./16.—Do you know _____ girl with long hair?—Yes, she is Mary. She plays _____ basketball very well.A.a; / B.the; / C.a; the D.an;/17.I want to have ________ English pen pal.A.a B.the C.an D./ 18.—Thanks for helping me find ____ information I wanted on the Internet.—You are welcome.A.a B./ C.the19.Tom wants to study at university in Europe, but hasn’t decided which one to go to yet. A.a B.an C.the D./20.China is Asian country. It lies in east of AsiaA.an, the B.an, an C.the, the D.the, an21.---Look! Who’s girl under the tree?---Oh, she is my sister, Kate. She is honest girl.A.the; an B.a: the C.the; a D.an; the 22.—Do you know how to spell ______word “strength” in English?—Yes. It begins with ______“s”.A.The; a B.the; an C.a; the D.the ; the 23.–Which bottle is yours?– __________ one with __________ blue cover.A.The; a B.The; the C.A; a D.A; the24.--- Have you seen _______ Oscar movie La La Land ?--- Of cou rse. It’s really _______ wonderful one, especially the songs and dances.A.an; the B.the; a C.a; a D.the; the25.---Linda, have you heard _________ song Little Apple?---Is it the one Chopsticks Brothers sang last year? Maybe it’s ___most popula r song in 2014. A.a; the B.the; the C.a; an D.the; a【参考答案】***试卷处理标记,请不要删除一、选择题1.D解析:D【解析】【分析】【详解】句意:——你还记得布朗先生什么时候离开这个城市吗?——对不起。
一、选择题1.My dear friend, your attitude today has ________ important effects on your success tomorrow. Come on, please.A.a B.an C./2.Going to ______ high school for one year in Britain was quite ______ exciting experience for me.A.不填; an B.a; a C.不填; 不填D.the; a3.––What’s on your desk, Judy?––It’s ________ English-Chinese dictionary. It’s _______useful dictionary.A.an, the B.an, an C.an, a4.— Did you watch the movie Amazing China?—Yes. It’s one of most popular films this year.A.a B.an C.the5.I often play _____ piano on weekends.A.a B.an C.the6.---What is your cousin like?--Well, my cousin is ______ 11-year-old boy with shirt black hair. He is also very funny and he likes telling _____ jokes.A.a; the B.the; 不填C.不填; the D.an; 不填7.---Hello, Joyce, you are busy. Can I give you ___hand?----Thanks very much, __ I can manage. A.the , and B.an , or C.a , so D.a , but8.--I hear there will be______ talk on teenage problems next Monday.--Do you mean______ talk our teacher asked us to listen to?A.the; a B.a; the C.the; an D.an; the 9.Hainan is _____ island with fresh air and bright sunshine.A.the B.an C.a10.—What do you usually have for______ breakfast?—A piece of bread and _________egg.A.a; an B./;theC.a; the D./; an11.Today is my little sister’s ______ birthday. My family will get together to celebrate it. A.nine B.ninth C.the ninth D.the nine12.--Why not take umbrella? It is raining.--What good advice!A.a ; an B.an ; a C.an ; /13.Benny, _______ monitor of our class, is such _______ honest boy that we all trust him. A.不填; a B.不填; an C.the; the D.a; a14.As Hannah Lucas had a disease, she and her brother Charile made app called notOK to lether get help from others when she wasn't feeling well.A.the; the B.a; the C.an;不填D.the;不填15.—Do you know _____ girl with long hair?—Yes, she is Mary. She plays _____ basketball very well.A.a; / B.the; / C.a; the D.an;/ 16.(2017·山东泰安· 21)—Do you know ________ girl with long curly hair?—Yes,she is Mary. She plays ________ tennis very well.A.a;/ B.the;/ C.the;the D.a;the17.Tom wants to study at university in Europe, but hasn’t decided which one to go to yet. A.a B.an C.the D./18.More and more foreign students come to the Confucius Institute(孔子学院) to learn________Chinese.A.a B.an C.the D.不填19.---Look! Who’s girl under the tree?---Oh, she is my sister, Kate. She is honest girl.A.the; an B.a: the C.the; a D.an; the 20.English is useful language and it’ s not difficult to learn.A.a B.an C.the D./21.—Story of Yanxi Palace is _____ unusual TV play I’ve introduced to you several times.—It’s great. I’ve never watched _____ more attractive one.A.an; a B.the; the C.the; a D.a; the22.She usually has ________ egg and some porridge for ________ breakfast.A.an; the B.an; \ C.a; the D.a; \23.Dear children, this is unusual exam. exam is very important to you. Please take it easy. Wish you good results.A.an, The B.a, The C.an, An D.a, An24.--- Have you seen _______ Oscar movie La La Land ?--- Of co urse. It’s really _______ wonderful one, especially the songs and dances.A.an; the B.the; a C.a; a D.the; the25.I want ______ iPad. I hope my mom will buy one for me on my birthday this year.A.a B.an C.the D./【参考答案】***试卷处理标记,请不要删除一、选择题1.C解析:C【解析】【分析】【详解】句意“亲爱的朋友,你今天的态度对你明天的成功有影响。
请加油”。
have an effecton“对……有影响”。
且根据effects可知,不填冠词,故选C。
2.A解析:A【解析】句意:在英国上高中一年对我来说是一次激动人心的经历。
考查冠词辨析题。
a是不定冠词,泛指,一个,用于辅音因素开头的单数可数名词前;an不定冠词,泛指,一个,用于元音因素开头的单数可数名词前;the定冠词,特指,用在独一无二名词前,像地球,月亮,太阳。
前句中的high school(高中)是表示校名的专有名词,不需用冠词;后句中的exciting以元音音素开头,需用不定冠词an。
根据句意语境,可知选A。
3.C解析:C【解析】句意:——朱迪,你的书桌上是什么?——它是一本英汉词典。
它是一本有用的词典。
English-Chinese是元音音素开头,故用不定冠词an修饰。
useful是辅音音素开头,故用不定冠词a修饰。
故选C。
4.C解析:C【解析】句意:——你看过电影Amazing China吗?——对。
这是今年最受欢迎的电影之一。
考查冠词辨析题。
a是不定冠词,泛指,一个,用于辅音因素开头的单数可数名词前;an不定冠词,泛指,一个,用于元音因素开头的单数可数名词前;the定冠词,特指,用在独一无二名词前,像地球,月亮,太阳。
most popular最受欢迎的,形容词最高级,需用定冠词the修饰。
根据句意语境,可知选C。
5.C解析:C【解析】【分析】【详解】句意:在周末我经常弹钢琴。
a和an是不定冠词,修饰可数名词单数,表示泛指“一个…”,an用于元音音素前;the是定冠词,修饰名词表示特指。
空后的piano是钢琴,在乐器的前面必须加定冠词,故应选C。
6.D解析:D【解析】句意:——你的表弟长得什么样?——哦,我的表弟是带有短黑发的一个11岁的男孩。
他也是很有趣的,并且他喜欢讲笑话。
11-year-old是复合形容词,11是以元音音素开头的,这里表示泛指用不定冠词an,短语tell jokes表示讲笑话。
根据题意,故选D。
冠词作为一种虚词,在英语中只能和名词一起使用。
英语中的冠词分为不定冠词和定冠词。
点睛:1.不定冠词的用法不定冠词有两个,a 和 an。
a用在辅音开头的单词前面;an用于以元音开头的单词前。
如:a book, an apple。
1)不定冠词用在但数可数名词前表示“某一个”。
如:There is a policeman at the door.门口有个警察。
2) 不定冠词用在单数可数名词之前,表示“任何,每个”。
如:A car must be insured.汽车一定要上保险。
A soldier must obey orders.军人必须服从命令。
7.D解析:D【解析】【分析】【详解】句意:——你好,乔伊斯,你很忙。
我能帮你吗?——非常感谢,不过我能应付。