保护世界文化和自然遗产公约-UNESCOWorldHeritage
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完整版保护世界文化和自然遗产公约保护世界文化和自然遗产公约,也称为“世界遗产公约”是由联合国教科文组织制定的一个重要国际公约。
它于1972年通过,并于1975年开始实施。
该公约的目的是保护和保留世界各地的文化和自然遗产,以及促进国际合作,确保遗址的保护和可持续利用。
以下是完整版保护世界文化和自然遗产公约的内容。
第一章:引言该公约的引言部分强调了文化和自然遗产的重要性以及全球合作的必要性,鼓励各国对遗产进行保护和保留,并提出促进文化和自然遗产在发展中的地位。
第二章:保护文化遗产该章节明确了对文化遗产的保护和保留的原则和方法。
它重申了对有关文化遗产的国家主权的尊重,并呼吁各国采取适当的措施,以保护和保留其国内文化遗产。
此外,该章还强调了采取紧急措施的重要性,以防止文化遗产在面临迫在眉睫的危险时受到进一步的破坏。
第三章:保护自然遗产该章节规定了对自然遗产的保护和保留的原则和方法。
它强调了对自然遗产的监测、保护、管理和教育的重要性。
此外,该章还要求各国采取必要的措施,以确保自然遗产的保护与可持续发展的结合,并重申了跨国合作的重要性。
第四章:国家委员会和世界遗产委员会该章节规定了国家委员会和世界遗产委员会的组成和职责。
国家委员会由缔约国和联合国教科文组织成员国组成,负责监督和实施该公约。
世界遗产委员会由21个成员国组成,负责审核遗产申请、制定战略计划并管理遗产基金。
第五章:世界遗产名单和世界遗产标志该章节详细说明了列入世界遗产名录的程序和要求,以及使用世界遗产标志的规定。
它要求各国提交遗产申请,并规定了申请的内容和审核程序。
此外,该章还规定了世界遗产标志的使用标准和准则。
第六章:国际合作该章节强调了国际合作的重要性,并提出了各方应采取的措施,以促进文化和自然遗产的保护和保留。
它鼓励各国共享信息和经验,并提倡国际援助和技术合作。
第七章:遗址的状况和追加新事项的程序该章节规定了评估和备案世界遗产的程序。
它要求各国就列入世界遗产名录的遗址的状况和保护措施进行定期报告,并提供有关任何重要变化的信息。
《世界遗产公约》及其操作指南The World Heritage Convention and Its Operational GuidelinesThe World Heritage Convention, established by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) in 1972, aims to safeguard and preserve the world's most significant cultural and natural heritage sites. With over 1,100 sites currently listed, this Convention recognizes the importance of these irreplaceable assets and ensures their protection for future generations.The Convention defines cultural heritage as monuments, groups of buildings, and sites that are of outstanding universal value from the historical, artistic, or scientific perspective. This includes everything from ancient cities and temples to modern architecture and cultural landscapes. Natural heritage, on the other hand, encompasses unique natural features, such asforests, mountains, and wildlife habitats, that are of exceptional value to the global environment.To be included in the World Heritage List, a site must meet strict criteria set by UNESCO. Cultural sites must demonstrate a significant link to human history or culture, while natural sites must possess exceptional natural beauty or ecological importance. Once a site is listed, it becomes subject to the Convention's strict protective measures.Operational Guidelines for the World Heritage Convention provide a framework for the conservation and management of these sites. They outline best practices for site protection, including sustainable development strategies, public awareness programs, and monitoring mechanisms. The guidelines also encourage cooperation between states, local communities, and non-governmental organizations to ensure the effective protection of heritage sites.One of the key principles of the Operational Guidelines is the concept of "in-situ" conservation, of which emphasizes thepreservation of heritage in its original location. This approach recognizes the importance maintaining the authenticity and integrity of heritage sites, while also promoting sustainable tourism and local economic development.In addition to in-situ conservation, the guidelines also promote the protection of mobile cultural heritage, such as art objects and historical artifacts. This includes measures to prevent their loss, theft, or misappropriation, as well as their preservation and display in museums and other cultural institutions.The World Heritage Convention and its Operational Guidelines are critical tools for preserving the world's most valuable cultural and natural heritage. By promoting cooperation, sustainability, and authenticity, these guidelines ensure that these irreplaceable assets are protected for future generations to enjoy and appreciate.《世界遗产公约》及其操作指南《世界遗产公约》是联合国教育、科学及文化组织(联合国教科文组织)于1972年制定的,旨在保护和保存世界上最重要的文化和自然遗产地。
联合国教科文组织世界文化遗产名录概述联合国教科文组织世界文化遗产名录是一个由联合国教科文组织制定和维护的重要国际名录,旨在保护、传承和推广全球各地的重要文化遗产。
该名录的设立旨在加强全球社会对历史和文化保护的重视,并鼓励各国共同合作,共同努力保护人类共同的文化遗产。
历史背景联合国教科文组织世界文化遗产名录始于1972年,当时联合国教科文组织通过《关于保护世界文化和自然遗产的公约》,确立了对文化遗产的国际保护和传承的重要性。
这个公约在现代国际法中占据了巨大的地位,被称为“文化遗产保护的宪法”。
根据公约的规定,只有被认定为“具有国际意义”和“世界遗产”的文化遗产才能被列入世界文化遗产名录。
该名录自1978年开始正式以世界遗产委员会的名义存在,该委员会由代表各成员国的专家组成,负责评估和审核各国提交的文化遗产申请。
申请流程一个文化遗产要被列入联合国教科文组织世界文化遗产名录,需要经过一系列的申请和评审流程。
首先,申请国需要提交一份详细的申请书,说明候选遗产的历史、文化背景、保护情况等信息。
申请书需要按照规定的格式和要求进行撰写,并附上相应的照片、图表和参考文献。
一旦申请书被提交,联合国教科文组织的专家将对申请进行初步评估。
评估的内容包括对遗产的独特性、历史价值、保护措施等方面进行综合评价。
如果初步评估结果表明申请具备一定的条件,那么联合国教科文组织将发出正式的考察邀请函。
考察团一般由各国专家组成,他们将亲自前往申请国进行实地考察。
考察的内容包括对遗产的实际情况进行评估,与当地相关机构、专家和居民进行交流,了解遗产的传承和保护情况。
考察团将根据考察结果,撰写详细的考察报告并提交给联合国教科文组织。
最终,世界遗产委员会将根据综合评估和考察报告的内容进行决策。
如果申请被批准,遗产将被列入世界文化遗产名录,享有国际保护的地位。
如果申请未能通过评审,申请国将会收到相关建议和指导,以便他们进一步完善保护和传承工作。
世界文化遗产名录概述世界文化遗产名录(World Heritage List)是由联合国教育、科学与文化组织(UNESCO)在1972年创立的一个列表,旨在保护全球具有重要文化和自然价值的遗产。
这些遗产包括建筑物、古迹、城市、文化景观、传统艺术形式、自然景观和自然遗产。
该名录是为了认识到这些遗产的重要性,以及促进跨国合作,保护和保留这些遗产,使其能够为人类未来的世代所享受和欣赏。
列表分类世界文化遗产名录根据其类型和价值分为以下三个类别:1.文化遗产:指与人类创造力和文化有关的物质和非物质遗产。
这些遗产可以是建筑物、古迹、城市、文化景观、传统艺术形式等。
2.自然遗产:指与地球自然进化和生物多样性有关的物质和非物质遗产。
这些遗产可以是自然景观、地质形态、生态系统等。
3.混合遗产:指既包含文化元素又包含自然元素的遗产。
保护与管理为了保护和管理世界文化遗产名录中的遗产,联合国教科文组织制定了一系列原则和措施。
这些原则和措施旨在确保遗产的合理利用、传承和维护,同时平衡人类活动对遗产的影响。
1.保护:保护文化和自然遗产的完整性、真实性和可持续性是最基本的原则。
这包括采取适当的措施来防止遗产受到破坏、盗窃或损坏。
2.国际合作:国际合作是保护和管理世界文化遗产名录的关键。
各国政府、非政府组织和国际组织需要共同努力,分享经验和知识,共同制定保护政策和行动计划。
3.管理:有效的管理是确保遗产可持续保护和利用的关键。
这包括制定管理计划、监测遗产状况、建立管理机构并培训管理人员。
4.教育和传播:教育和传播是促进公众意识和理解遗产重要性的重要手段。
通过教育活动、展览、研讨会和宣传活动,可以加强公众对遗产保护的参与和支持。
名录代表作以下是一些世界文化遗产名录中的代表作:文化遗产1.大巴黎:巴黎市区的河滨、大巴黎国家博物馆、罗丹博物馆、奥塞美术馆等著名景点。
2.罗马古城:包括大竞技场、罗马斗兽场、圣彼得大教堂等建筑物。
3.古埃及金字塔:包括胡夫金字塔、切奈兹金字塔等著名金字塔。
保护世界文化和自然遗产公约1972年11月16日,联合国教科文组织大会第17届会议在巴黎通过了《保护世界文化和自然遗产公约》(Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage) 。
公约主要规定了文化遗产和自然遗产的定义,文化和自然遗产的国家保护和国际保护措施等条款。
公约规定了各缔约国可自行确定本国领土内的文化和自然遗产,并向世界遗产委员会递交其遗产清单,由世界遗产大会审核和批准。
凡是被列入世界文化和自然遗产的地点,都由其所在国家依法严格予以保护。
《公约》的管理机构是联合国教科文组织的世界遗产委员会,该委员会于1976年成立,同时建立《世界遗产名录》。
被世界遗产委员会列入《世界遗产名录》的地方,将成为世界的名胜,可受到世界遗产基金提供的援助,还可由有关单位招徕和组织国际游客进行游览活动。
公约规定文化遗产为“从历史、艺术和科学观点来看具有突出的普遍价值的建筑物、碑雕和碑画,具有考古性质成份或结构、铭文、窟洞以及联合体”例如中国的故宫;“从历史、艺术和科学角度看在建筑式样、分布均匀或环境风景结合方面具有突出的普遍价值的单立或连接的建筑群”;“从历史、审美、人种学或人类学角度看具有突出的普遍价值的人类工程或自然与人联合工程及考古地址等” ,例如中国的长城、秦始皇陵。
文化遗产保护区包括:历史建筑、历史名城、重要考古遗址和有永久纪念价值的巨型雕塑及绘画作品。
公约规定自然遗产为:“从审美和科学角度看具有突出的普遍价值的由物质和生物结构或这类结构群组成的自然面貌”;“从科学或保护角度看具有突出的普遍价值的地质和自然地理结构以及明确划为受威胁的动物和植物生境区”;“从科学、保护或自然美角度看具有突出的普遍价值的自然景观或明确划分的自然区域”,例如中国的三江并流、九寨沟、武陵源。
自然遗产保护区包括:国家公园和其他早已指定的物种保护区。
世界遗产公约范围
世界遗产公约是联合国教科文组织于1972年制定的一项重要文件,旨在保护世界上具有历史、文化、自然等价值的遗产,并将其列入世界遗产名录中。
根据公约规定,世界遗产的范围包括文化遗产、自然遗产和混合遗产三类。
文化遗产是指具有历史、文化、艺术、建筑等方面价值的遗产,包括建筑物、古迹、城市、考古遗址等。
自然遗产是指自然环境和生态系统中具有特殊价值的遗产,包括自然景观、生态系统、珍稀濒危物种等。
混合遗产则是指同时具有文化和自然价值的遗产,例如古建筑群落及其周边环境等。
世界遗产公约规定,为了被列入世界遗产名录,遗产必须具备一定的普遍价值和独特价值,并经过科学评估和认定。
同时,保护世界遗产也需要遵守一定的原则和方法,尊重当地文化、社会和环境,实现可持续发展。
目前,世界遗产名录中共有1121个遗产,其中文化遗产共869个、自然遗产共213个、混合遗产共39个。
这些遗产分布在全球各地,展示了人类文化和自然的多样性和丰富性,也成为了人类共同文化遗产的重要组成部分。
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我所经历和体验的文化遗产保护中的中外文化交流内容共分为四个部分,分别为:世界遗产的与中国文物保护体系的会聚和交织;广义的文化遗产理念、脉络和发展;几个中国案例带给我们的争论和思考;遗产规律、发展趋势、应对原则和策略,以及从业者的使命、责任、道德和担当。
一、世界遗产与中国文物保护体系的会聚和交织国际上对遗产的重视经历了一个长期的过程。
二战结束之后,墨西哥提出《墨西哥提案》希望通过国际合作的方式保护一些对全人类都有意义的遗产。
之后尼罗河谷、威尼斯等国际抢救活动,推动联合国教科文组织(UNESCO)开始提出一个保护杰出文化史迹的公约。
与此同时,世界自然保护联盟(IUCN)和美国的国家公园制度酝酿着一项关于世界自然遗产的公约。
UNESCO第六任总干事勒内·马厄(Rene Maheu)建议将这两项创议结合起来,最后在1972年就出台了关联文化和自然遗产两方面的《世界遗产公约》(the World Heritage Convention)。
与之相关联的两个重要文件是《守护无形文化遗产公约》(Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage)和《保护和促进文化表达的多样性公约》(Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expressions)。
制定公约的出发点主要有两个,一方面是遗产是人类进化的实物见证,无论自然遗产还是文化遗产都对全世界人民而言都很重要。
另一方面是遗产越来越受到人类行为和自然破坏的威胁,开展国际合作保护十分迫切。
遗产主要分为文化遗产和自然遗产,还有一种兼有文化和自然属性的遗产(Mixed properties),国内一般称为双遗产或者混合遗产;郭老师把mixed翻译为“复合”。
文化景观并不是和3大类遗产并列的第4大品类,而是一种特殊的文化遗产。
遗产保护和继承的英语作文Heritage Conservation and Succession: Preserving Our Legacy for the Future.Cultural heritage, embodying the collective memory, traditions, and identity of our societies, holds profound significance for human civilization. Its preservation and transmission to future generations are essential for fostering a sense of belonging, nurturing cultural diversity, and ensuring the sustainability of our shared past.Heritage conservation encompasses a multifaceted approach, involving measures to safeguard and restore tangible and intangible assets such as historical monuments, archaeological sites, folk art, traditional crafts, and linguistic diversity. It requires a comprehensive understanding of the heritage's cultural and historical significance, as well as the development of appropriate conservation strategies that balance preservation withaccessibility and responsible use.One of the key challenges in heritage conservation is the threat posed by environmental degradation, urbanization, and armed conflict. Natural disasters, such as earthquakes and floods, can inflict irreparable damage to cultural landmarks, while rapid urban expansion often leads to the encroachment and destruction of historical sites. Armed conflict, unfortunately, has also been a major cause of heritage loss, as witnessed in countless instances throughout history.To address these challenges, it is imperative to strengthen national and international legal frameworks for heritage protection. The UNESCO World Heritage Convention (1972), for example, provides a comprehensive framework for the identification, protection, and preservation ofcultural and natural heritage of outstanding universal value. Additionally, local and regional conservation initiatives play a crucial role in safeguarding heritage assets at the grassroots level.Equally important to heritage conservation is the issue of succession. The transmission of cultural practices, knowledge, and skills from one generation to the next is essential for the continuity and vitality of living heritage. This process involves both formal and informal mechanisms, such as apprenticeship, mentorship, and community-based transmission.However, globalization and rapid societal changes pose threats to traditional succession practices. The erosion of traditional occupations and the allure of modern lifestyles can lead to a decline in the transmission of culturalskills and knowledge. Moreover, the displacement of communities due to conflict, natural disasters, or economic factors can disrupt the continuity of heritage practices.To ensure the successful succession of heritage, it is necessary to invest in capacity building initiatives that support master artisans, traditional knowledge holders, and cultural practitioners. This includes providing training, resources, and platforms for knowledge sharing. Additionally, promoting the value and significance ofliving heritage can help foster a sense of appreciation and responsibility among younger generations.Cultural tourism, when managed sustainably, can also play a significant role in heritage succession. By showcasing cultural practices and involving local communities in tourism activities, heritage tourism can contribute to the economic viability of traditional arts and crafts. It can also raise awareness about the importance of cultural diversity and encourage the preservation of endangered heritage assets.In conclusion, heritage conservation and succession are intertwined and essential aspects of safeguarding our shared cultural legacy. By adopting a comprehensive approach that balances preservation with accessibility, protecting heritage assets from various threats, and investing in the transmission of cultural skills and knowledge, we can ensure that future generations continue to inherit and appreciate the rich diversity of human civilization.。
世界遗产概述国际法框架国际组织世界遗产类型世界遗产标志世界文化遗产《世界遗产公约》(World Heritage Convention)诞生全称:《保护世界文化和自然遗产公约》(Convention Concerningthe Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage)I ]1972年11月在法国巴黎联合国教科文组织第17届大会出台了本条约。
3]标准:根据《执行世界遗产公约操作准则》,遴选世界遗产共有10条标准,(文化6,自然4,2005年前分,后和。
)4]法定程序,大致为:缔约国先建立国家级遗产名录或者国家申报世界遗产的预备清单;向世界遗产委员会提交完备的申报表格和相关文件;世界遗产委员会的咨询专家实地考察并提交考察报告;世界遗产大会认真审议后作出批准、延期审议或者否决的决定,被批准的项目进入《世界遗产名录》另外,2003年10月联合国教科文组织又通过了《保护非物质文化遗产公约》(Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage)衔接2001年的第一批口头与非物质遗产,至2005年11月总共宣布了人类非物质文化遗产代表作90项。
中国数量最多遗产公约出台的意义《世界遗产公约》是一个里程碑,它标示着保护世界遗产的全球化行动的开始,同时世界遗产的概念也得到国际法上的确定。
《世界遗产公约》之于世界遗产,当然是其根本大法。
这个公约创造了一种事物,也构造出一个主题,使世界遗产成为一个专业术语。
由此,全世界才有了一个共同的认识文化价值和自然价值的准则,《保护非物质文化遗产公约》极好地补充了前一个公约30年间未能涵盖得部分,即保护无形的文化遗产,诸如语言、戏剧、舞蹈、宗教、神话、礼仪、习惯、风俗、节庆、手工艺等不能够固化的人类财富。
总之,这两个公约为世界遗产事务在全球的开展设定了国际法框架,在法律框架当中,各缔约国政府、相关组织、专业人员大规模、持续性地投入到遗产事物中,为世界遗产事务的成功运作而努力。
保护世界文化遗产英语作文英文回答:Preserving world heritage is of paramount importancefor several compelling reasons. Firstly, cultural heritage embodies the collective identity, history, and traditions of a society. It provides a tangible connection to the past and serves as a source of pride and cultural continuity. By safeguarding cultural heritage, we ensure that future generations have the opportunity to appreciate and connect with the richness and diversity of human civilization.Moreover, cultural heritage contributes significantly to economic and sustainable development. Tourism, which relies heavily on heritage sites, can generate significant revenue and create employment opportunities for local communities. Additionally, heritage preservation can promote cultural industries such as arts and crafts, fostering economic growth while preserving traditional skills and knowledge.Furthermore, cultural heritage plays a crucial role in promoting cultural diversity and intercultural understanding. By showcasing the different expressions of human creativity and cultural practices, world heritage encourages tolerance, empathy, and respect for other cultures. It fosters a sense of global interconnectedness and helps build bridges between nations.Preserving world heritage requires a multifaceted approach that involves collaboration among governments, international organizations, local communities, and individuals. Legal frameworks, such as the UNESCO World Heritage Convention, provide a comprehensive set of guidelines for the protection and management of heritage sites. At the national level, governments can enact legislation to designate and protect cultural heritage assets.International cooperation is also essential for effective heritage preservation. UNESCO, through its World Heritage Committee, identifies and designates sites ofoutstanding universal value, providing technical assistance and funding for conservation projects. Additionally, multilateral agreements, such as the Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expressions, promote the safeguarding of intangiblecultural heritage.Local communities play a vital role in preserving cultural heritage. They possess deep knowledge and traditions that are essential for its authenticity and continuity. By involving local communities in decision-making and management processes, authorities can ensurethat heritage preservation aligns with local values and priorities.Individuals can also contribute to heritage preservation through responsible tourism, advocacy, and outreach. By visiting and supporting heritage sites, individuals can generate awareness and revenue for conservation efforts. Additionally, supporting heritage organizations and advocating for policies that protect cultural heritage can make a tangible difference.In conclusion, preserving world heritage is acollective responsibility that benefits present and future generations. By safeguarding cultural heritage, we protect our collective identity, promote sustainable economic development, foster cultural diversity and understanding, and ensure that future generations can continue to appreciate the richness and diversity of human civilization.中文回答:保护世界文化遗产的重要性。
保护世界文化遗产英文作文Protecting the World's Cultural Heritage.Cultural heritage is a crucial aspect of human civilization, representing the rich tapestry of our shared past. It encompasses not only the grand monuments and historical sites that dot the globe, but also theintangible cultural practices, traditions, and knowledge systems that have been passed down through generations.This diverse and valuable inheritance is not just a recordof our history; it is a vital link to our identity as a species and a critical component of sustainable development.Unfortunately, the world's cultural heritage is increasingly threatened by a range of factors, including war, natural disasters, neglect, and development pressures. The consequences of these threats are profound, leading to the destruction of irreplaceable historical sites, the erosion of traditional knowledge systems, and the loss of cultural diversity. It is crucial that we take action toprotect and preserve this irreplaceable inheritance for future generations.One of the most effective ways to protect cultural heritage is through international cooperation and the establishment of legal frameworks. The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) has played a pivotal role in this effort, designing conventions and recommendations that aim to safeguard cultural heritage worldwide. The 1972 Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage, in particular, has been instrumental in identifying and protecting sites of outstanding universal value.However, laws and conventions are only as effective as the political will and commitment to implement them. It is essential that governments prioritize cultural heritage protection in their policies and allocate sufficient resources to ensure its safeguarding. This includes investing in conservation efforts, promoting public awareness and education, and fostering partnerships with local communities and stakeholders.Community engagement is also crucial to the protectionof cultural heritage. Local communities often have a deep understanding and connection to their cultural heritage,and they are often the first responders in cases of natural disasters or conflict. By involving them in heritage protection initiatives, we can ensure that their knowledge and expertise are harnessed effectively. Additionally, community engagement can foster a sense of ownership and responsibility among the people, making them more likely to safeguard and promote their cultural heritage.Innovative technologies also offer new opportunitiesfor protecting cultural heritage. Digital preservation techniques, such as 3D scanning and virtual reality, allow us to create digital replicas of cultural sites and objects, ensuring their accessibility even in the event of their physical destruction. Digital technologies can also be used to enhance public engagement and education, making theworld's cultural heritage more accessible and relevant to people of all ages and backgrounds.In conclusion, protecting the world's cultural heritage is a crucial task that requires a concerted effort from governments, communities, and individuals alike. By prioritizing cultural heritage protection, fostering community engagement, and harnessing innovative technologies, we can ensure that the rich and diverse cultural inheritance of human civilization is preserved for future generations. It is only through such collective action that we can safeguard the irreplaceable treasures of our shared past and build a more inclusive and sustainable future.。
保护世界文化和自然遗产公约联合国教育、科学及文化组织大会第十七届会议于1972年11月16日在巴黎通过的《保护世界文化和自然遗产公约》。
保护世界文化和自然遗产公约联合国教育、科学及文化组织大会于1972年10月17日至11月21日在巴黎举行的第十七届会议,注意到文化遗产和自然遗产越来越受到破坏的威胁,一方面因年久腐变所致,同时,变化中的社会和经济条件使情况恶化,造成更加难以对付的损害或破坏现象,考虑到任何文化或自然遗产的坏变或消失都构成使世界各国遗产枯竭的有害影响,考虑到国家一级保护这类遗产的工作往往不很完善,原因在于这项工作需要大量手段,以及应予保护的财产的所在国不具备充足的经济、科学和技术力量,回顾本组织《组织法》规定,本组织将通过确保世界遗产得到保存和保护以及建议有关国家订立必要的国际公约来维护、增进和传播知识,考虑到现有关于文化财产和自然财产的国际公约、建议和决议表明,保护不论属于哪国人民的这类罕见且无法替代的财产,对全世界人民都很重要,考虑到某些文化遗产和自然遗产具有突出的重要性,因而需作为全人类世界遗产的一部分加以保存,考虑到鉴于威胁这类遗产的新危险的规模和严重性,整个国际社会有责任通过提供集体性援助来参与保护具有突出的普遍价值的文化遗产和自然遗产;这种援助尽管不能代替有关国家采取的行动,但将成为它的有效补充,考虑到为此有必要通过采用公约形式的新规定,以便为集体保护具有突出的普遍价值的文化遗产和自然遗产建立一个依据现代科学方法组织的永久性的有效制度,在大会第十六届会议上曾决定就此问题制订一项国际公约,于1972年11月16日通过本公约。
Ⅰ、文化遗产和自然遗产的定义第一条为实现本公约的宗旨,下列各项应列为“文化遗产”:古迹:从历史、艺术或科学角度看具有突出的普遍价值的建筑物、碑雕和碑画、具有考古性质的成份或构造物、铭文、窟洞以及景观的联合体;建筑群:从历史、艺术或科学角度看在建筑式样、分布均匀或与环境景色结合方面具有突出的普遍价值的单立或连接的建筑群;遗址:从历史、审美、人种学或人类学角度看具有突出的普遍价值的人类工程或自然与人的联合工程以及包括有考古地址的区域。
《保护世界文化和自然遗产公约》是联合国教科文组织于1972年11月16日在第十七届大会上正式通过的。
1976年,世界遗产委员会成立,并建立《世界遗产名录》。
中国于1985年12月12日加入《保护世界文化和自然遗产公约》,成为缔约方。
1999年10月29日,中国当选为世界遗产委员会成员。
中国于1986年开始向联合国教科文组织申报世界遗产项目。
中国的世界文化遗产>>>中国的世界自然遗产>>>中国的世界自然与文化遗产>>>中国的世界文化景观>>>附1:2002年11月中国唯一的水上长城辽宁九门口长城通过联合国教科文组织的验收,作为长城的一部分正式挂牌成为世界文化遗产。
附2:2000年11月拉萨大昭寺作为布达拉宫世界遗产的扩展项目被批准列入《世界遗产名录》。
附3:2001年12月西藏拉萨罗布林卡作为布达拉宫历史建筑群的扩展项目被批准列入《世界遗产名录》。
附4:2000年11月苏州艺圃、藕园、沧浪亭、狮子林和退思园5座园林作为苏州古典园林的扩展项目被批准列入《世界遗产名录》。
附5、附6:2003年7月北京市的十三陵和江苏省南京市的明孝陵作为明清皇家陵寝的一部分收入《世界遗产名录》。
附7:2004年7月,沈阳故宫作为明清皇宫文化遗产扩展项目列入《世界遗产名录》。
附8:2004年7月,盛京三陵作为明清皇家陵寝扩展项目列入《世界遗产名录》。
中国的非物质文化遗产第一批国家级非物质文化遗产名录第二批国家级非物质文化遗产名录全国重点文物保护单位名单历史文化名城名镇名村保护条例第一批国家珍贵古籍名录和第一批全国古籍重点保护单位名单国家自然遗产国家自然与文化双遗产预备名录世界遗产的申报程序:根据联合国教科文组织文件,世界遗产的申报需要完成9个步骤:1、一个国家首先要签署《保护世界文化和自然遗产公约》并保证保护该国的文化和自然遗产,成为缔约国。
2、任何缔约国要把本土上具有突出普遍价值的文化和自然遗产列出一个预备名单。
倡议保护世界文化遗产的英语作文英文回答:The preservation of our world's cultural heritage is paramount for both our present and future generations. Cultural heritage encompasses the tangible and intangible expressions of human creativity, such as monuments, archaeological sites, traditional practices, and oral traditions. It is a testament to the rich tapestry of human history and a vital part of our identity.Protecting cultural heritage has innumerable benefits. It fosters cultural diversity, allowing us to appreciate and learn from the traditions and beliefs of different cultures. It preserves our sense of history and community, connecting us to our past and inspiring our future.Cultural heritage can also contribute to economic development through tourism and the sale of traditional crafts and products.However, cultural heritage sites are facing numerous threats today. Globalization, urbanization, and climate change are all contributing to the erosion of our cultural heritage. Armed conflicts, looting, and illegal trafficking also pose significant risks. It is imperative that we take urgent action to protect and preserve our cultural heritage for generations to come.The international community has recognized the importance of cultural heritage protection through various conventions and agreements. The UNESCO Convention on the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage (1972) provides a framework for safeguarding and preservingcultural heritage sites of outstanding universal value. The Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage (2003) aims to protect and promote living traditions, such as oral storytelling, performing arts, and traditional craftsmanship.In addition to international agreements, national and local governments play a vital role in protecting cultural heritage. They can establish laws and policies to protectheritage sites and regulate excavations and tourism. They can also provide funding for restoration and conservation projects.Communities themselves have a pivotal role to play in safeguarding their cultural heritage. They are the custodians of living traditions and the keepers ofhistorical knowledge. By participating in traditional practices, passing on knowledge to younger generations, and safeguarding heritage sites, communities ensure the continuity of their cultural heritage.Protecting our world's cultural heritage is a shared responsibility that requires collaboration between governments, international organizations, communities, and individuals. By working together, we can ensure that our cultural heritage is preserved and passed on to future generations, enriching their lives and fostering a greater understanding and appreciation of our diverse world.中文回答:保护世界文化遗产对于我们现在和未来的几代人来说至关重要。