Someone

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'Someone'/'somebody','anyone'/'anybody'and'no one'/'nobody'are indefinite pronouns.They refer to people.We use them when we do not know or do not need to mention by name who we are talking about.1. some, any, every, no都能和one, body, thing一起构成代词,这些代词叫复合不定代词。

它们基本含义为:指人somebodysomeone 某人anybodyanyone任何人everybodyeveryone每人nobodyno one没人指物Something某物某事anything任何事物everything一切nothing没东西2. 一般情况下,some构成的复合不定代词,其作用和some相同,用于肯定句;any构成的复合不定代词用于否定句或疑问句;no构成的复合不定代词表示否定含义,用于否定句。

如:① I have something to tell you. 我有事要告诉你。

②He didn’t say anything at the meeting yesterday. 昨天在会上他没发言。

③ Everybody likes swimming. 每个人都喜欢游泳。

④ There is nothing wrong with your ears.你耳朵没毛病。

3. something可用于提建议或请求的问句中,以及希望说话对方作出肯定回答的问句中。

如:Would you like something to eat? 你要吃点东西吗?4. 复合不定代词在句子中作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式。

如:Nobody knows his name. 没有人知道他的名字。

5. 不定代词的定语要后置。

如:Is there anything important in today’s newspaper? 今天的报纸上有什么重要新闻吗?一般的,不定代词(包括复合不定代词)在句子中,通常用三单形式复合不定代词即由some,any,no,every加body,thing,one构成,用来表示一个全部概念,分别表示人或物。

在句子中可作主语、宾语、表语。

由于用法上的习惯常为高考所青睐,下面就其常见考点分析如下:一、与部分否定结下了深厚的情谊部分否定是高考常考考点之一,常表达为:not+全部肯定词或全部肯定词+not,其意义为“并非都,不都”。

前者为基本概念,通常,学生有一定的掌握;但后者与一般否定句相似,易引起学生判断上的失误,也是作者出题,命题的焦点。

1.I agree with most of what you said,but I don't agree with____.A.everything D.anythingC.somethingD.nothing2.—The exam was difficult,wasn't it?—No,but I don't think____could pass it.A.somebodyB.anybodyC.nobodyD.everyboby分析:1,A.由句意“我同意你说的大部分,而不是全部”,可看出后面表示部分否定,构成not…everything,即“并非每件事”。

2,D.同理,“并非所有人都能通过”,部分否定概念,构成not…everybody,即“并非所有的人”,本题还应考虑否定转移。

以上两题要求学生在作题时认真审题,仔细品味作者在题干中蕴涵的逻辑关系,灵活应用所学知识,取得满意效果。

二、在反意问句中考查对应的主语反意疑问句在确定主语时,常被列为考点。

当主语为表示人的复合不定代词时,疑问部分的主语常用they(有时也用he);当主语为表物的复合不定代词时,疑问部分的主语通常为it。

1.Nobody wants to waste time watching boring plays,____?A.does itB.do theyC.is heD.are they2.I am sure everything goes well,____?A.doesn't itB.does theyC.doesn't everythingD.aren't I分析:1,B.句子主语为指人的复合不定代词,对应的主语是they,又为否定句,故选B。

2,A.I'm sure 为插入语,句子主语为指物的复合不定代词,对应的主语是it,故选A。

通过以上两题分析,要求学生思路清晰,运用所学知识,具体问题具体分析。

三、和定语从句也保持着一定的联系指人、指物的复合不定代词常与定语从句结合考查,其重点在连接词选择问题上。

当先行词为指物的不定代词时,关系代词为that,但something例外,既可用that也可用which。

当先行词为指人的复合不定代词时,关系代词为who或that。

注意作宾语的关系代词省略也是考查的重点。

1.Finally,the thief handed everything____he had stolen to the police.A.whichB.whatC.whateverD.that2.____breaks the rule should be punished.A.Those whoB.WhoC.Anyone whoD.The one3.Now let's think of feedback as something____·A.that we should make to work for usB.we should make work for usC.in which we should make work for usD.we should make work for us in分析:1,D.先行词everything,在定语从句中作stolen宾语。

2,C.由定语从句谓语即可确定。

3,B.先行词something在定语从句中作make宾语,省去了关系代词。

以上试题可看出知识之间环环相扣,体现了高考试题中多元结构的考查。

四、复合不定代词的定语位置修饰复合不定代词的形容词一般后置。

注意它常与其它考点联系起来考查,看下面练习。

1.There is____in today's newspaper.A.nothing specially interestingB.specially interesting nothingC. nothing specially intertestingD.intertesting specially nothing2.He asked me if there was____to read.A.easy enough somethingB.enough easy somethingC.something easy enoughD.something enough easy分析:1,A.interesting修饰nothing放其后,specially副词修饰形容词interesting。

2,C.easy修饰something 放其后,副词enough修饰easy,放其后。

以上两题要求认真分析,弄清英语词序间修饰关系。

五、复合不定代词常用于简略回答中一般情况下,用nothing回答以what开头的问句;nobody(no one)回答who开头的问句。

1.What's on the blackboard?—Nothing.2.—Who's in the classroom?—Nobody(No one).六、复合不定代词的一致问题复合不定代词作主语,谓语动词用单数。

Everything is not in good order but at sixes and sevens.Nothing except for a few books was left for him by his father.七、复合不定代词间的用法区别1.带some的复合不定代词,一般用于肯定句;而带any的复合不定代词常用于否定句、疑问句和条件句中。

I have something important to tell you.If there is anything the matter with the machine,please let me know.2.带some的复合不定代词,用于疑问句,表示说话人希望得到肯定回答或表请求、建议、征询意见的句子中。

—Is____here?—No.Bob and Tim have asked for leave.A anybodyB somebodyC everybodyD nobody 选C。

3.带any的复合不定代词,用于肯定句中,表示“任何人,任何事”。

Anyone who refused to bow was thrown intoprison.As a teacher,I would do anything for my students.4.带any的复合不定代词作主语,其后不能再用否定式,要表达否定概念,需用相对应的全部否定意义的词。

Anything could not be seen in that dark room.(×)Anything could be seen in that dark room.(√)5.指人的复合不定代词合写与分写,其意义与用法不同,以any为例:anyone 仅指人任何人,某人不与of短语连用anyone指人又指物任何一个可与of短语连用Anyone can do the job.Any one of us can do the job.八、复合不定代词常见短语1.have something to do with与……有关2.something like几分像,大约3.something of在某种意义(程度)上4.anything but除……外任何,根本不……5.anything like像那样的事,全然不6.anything of一点儿,一点……味儿7.have nothing to do with与……无关,和……不往来8.be nothing to对……无足轻重,不能与……相比9.to say nothing of更不必说10.for nothing免费,徒然,没有理由11.all to nothing百分之百的12.nothing but除……以外什么也不,只有九、复合不定代词在谚语中应用1.Everybody's business is nobody's buslness.人人都管等于没人管。