语音知识 整理 初高中英语知识衔接

语音知识

一、元音字母a e i o u 基本发音规则

找出下列划线字母或字母组合的发音规律

a name face train say great 发/ /________________________________

at bad hat sad black 发/ /________________________________

e he we see meat tea believe 发/ /________________________________

egg dead leg hen bread 发/ /________________________________

i high fight die sky bike 发/ /________________________________

it big stick fish village 发/ /________________________________

o no coat boat know grow 发/ /________________________________

not drop hot watch what 发/ / ________________________________

u use refuse music student university 发/ /________________________

us but hut nut 发/ /__________________________

put push full 发/ /__________________________

二、辅音字母p b t d k g f v s z 发音规则

/ / pen pig cap / /kite kind king / / tea touch taste

/ /bag lab boss / /game gas guess / /desk die duck

/ / five fit foot / /save sing see / /tree trace truck

/ / visit five view / /zoo zero / /drive drink dress

三、单元音[i:]、[i]、[e]、[æ]、[ʌ]、[ə:]、[ə]、[u:]、[u]、[ɔ:]、[ɔ]、[a:]

注意划线字母在单词中的发音

[i:] he see tea meat field believe

[i] it this big village comrade beside jacket

[e] egg desk head dead spread

[æ] at sad nap cat black

[ʌ] us bus luck cut truck pub

[ə:] her work nurse purse nerve deserve

[ə] worker about ago obey of to

[u:]too school super soup blue ruler

[u] book look cook foot wood good

[ɔ:] all talk walk small sport horse bought thought taught caught

[ɔ] not box drop top watch what

[a:] are park bark heart calm

四、易错辅音[ʃ]、[ʒ]、[tʃ]、[dʒ]、[θ]、[ð]

[ʃ]、ship sheep shop shape shout shake shark wish dish fish

[ʒ]、usual casual television treasure decision conlusion

[tʃ]、change cheap charge check watch match

[dʒ]、jeep job joy large bridge

[θ]、thin three thought worth

[ð] with this those father brother though

五、双元音[ei]、[ai]、[ɔi]、[əu]、[au]、[iə]、[εə]、[uə]

[ei]、face say day waste gate train aim [ai]、hi bike nine right high die my why

[ɔi]、boy toy choice oil join

[əu]、no so coat low know

[au]、our hour tower power flower

[iə]、ear fear near here mere beer cheer

[εə]、air chair hair fair prepare wear bear care where there

[uə] sure poor tour

六、 音节与重音

音节通常由一个元音或一个元音加一个或几个辅音构成。按单词所含的音节数，单词分为单音节词，双音节词和多音节词。在双音节词和多音节词中，至少有一个音节读得特别重，这个音节称作单词重音 ’。

双音节词的读音规则：

A） 双音节词重音大都在第一个音节上。如：’letter ‘sister

B） 在两个音节之间，如果只有一个辅音字母，（r除外）辅音字母一般划归后一个音节，前面的重读音节按开音节读音。如：stu/dent u/niversity

C） 如果音节间有两个辅音字母，这两个字母分别划归为前后两个音节。重读音节按闭音节读音。如：sup/per mem/ber , dir/ty for/ty

D） 如果重音在第二个音节上，其元音字母的读音规则和单音节相同。如：be/come , be/gin re/fer

E） 非重读音节的元音字母通常读[ə]或[i]. 如：responsibility possible

多音节词的读音规则;

有三个或三个以上音节的词称为多音节词。多音节词的重音多数在倒数第三个音节上。如：possi’bility , responsi’bility

七、practice

bed beg chair catch shape think thank tree trust

bad back large bridge casual thus though drag drop

rose raise sports shorts song belong houses faces boxes

loud lose builds grades nothing thin treated wanted visited

watches dishes larger stronger climbing story spark street

decided needed largest strongest inventing skate scold squeeze

八、画出下列单词的音节与重音

agreement advertisement invention attraction difference conference influence

competition organization conclusion decision performance appearance

driver writer artist pianist cleaner farmer American Australian meeting training

affordable lovable central musical medical arrival careful helpful fearless

homeless constructive protective quickly immediately suddenly luckily happily

sunny snowy healthy wealthy accuracy infancy fluency

repeat recall simplify beautify enlarge enrich deepen widen organize realize