N刷-我的OG12语法手册

知识图谱Module 12 Save our world知识精讲一、必背词汇factory [ˈfæktri]n. 制造厂，工厂pollute [pəˈlu:t] v. 污染recycle [ˌri:ˈsaɪkl] v. 回收利用，再使用(废品)waste [weɪst] n. 废料，废弃物enemy [ˈenəmi] n. 敌人，仇人crop [krɒp] n. 庄稼，作物kill [kɪl] v. 杀死，弄死oil [ɔɪl] n. 石油less [les] adj. &n. 较少的，较小的；较少数，较少量hopeless [ˈhəʊpləs] adj. 无望的china [ˈtʃaɪnə] n. 瓷，瓷器divide [dɪˈvaɪd] v. 分开plastic [ˈplæstɪk] n. &adj. 塑料(的)policy [ˈpɒləsi] n. 政策，方针reuse [ˌri:ˈju:z]v. 再次使用，重复利用bottle [ˈbɒtl] n. 瓶repeat [rɪˈpi:t] v. 重说，重新做reduce [rɪˈdju:s] v. 减少，减低，缩小cloth [klɒθ]n. 布，布料ton [tʌn] n. 吨tons of 许多，很多rubber ['rʌbə] n. 橡胶recycling [ˌri:'saɪklɪŋ]n. 回收利用rapid [ˈræpɪd] adj. 快速的，迅速的step [step] n. 步骤，措施grandson [ˈgrænsʌn] n. (外)孙子granddaughter [ˈgrændɔ:tə] n. (外)孙女二、重点词汇1. pollute [pəˈlu:t] v.to make an area or substance, usually air, water, or soil, dirty or harmful to people, animals, and plants, especially by adding harmful chemicals污染例句：We should respect the environment and not pollute it.我们应该尊重环境，不要随意污染环境。

外研版英语九（上）Module 11模块语法详解与训练模块语法详解构词法1. 合成法将两个或两个以上独立且语义不同的单词合在一起构成新词的方法叫做合成法。

合成法是一种比较灵活的构词方法，可以合成名词、形容词、副词、代词、动词等。

如：afternoon, sportsman, blackboard, sportsperson, newspaper, airplane, classmate, grandfather 等就是通过合成构词法构成的名词；kind-hearted, middle-aged, hard-working 等为合成形容词；however, maybe, himself, everyone, nothing, overlook 等也都是通过合成法构成的单词。

2. 派生法通过在词根前面加前缀或在词根后面加后缀构成一个新词的方法叫作派生法。

要通过派生法理解和记忆单词，我们需要掌握常见的前缀和后缀及派生规律。

①由interest可以派生出：interest — interesting — interestingly — uninteresting；interest — interested — uninterested②由help可以派生出：help — helpless — helplessly；help — helpful — helpfully③由able可以派生出：able — enable；able — unable；able — ability；able — disable3. 转化法：英语构词法中把一种词性转化为另一种词性而词形不变的方法称作转化法。

常见的转化有：(1) 动词转化为名词—Let’s talk about it more. 咱们再谈谈这件事吧。

// —I think we’d better finish the talk now. 我想我们最好现在结束谈话。

(2) 名词转化为动词She gave me a cup of water. 她给了我一杯水。

Unit 12语法笔记1.Show+ 宾格+东西= Show +东西to宾格“把…东西给某人看”e.g. Show me your new book, please.= Show your new book to me, please.与“Give + 宾格+东西= Give+东西to宾格”用法相同①请把你的演出服装给他们看一下。

②请把他的新领带给我。

人称代词主格宾格第一人称Iwe第二人称youyou第三人称he she it they2.with the big muscles “with”具有……特征翻译：那个大眼睛女孩是谁？那个黑头发的漂亮女孩是谁？那个撑着红色雨伞的帅小伙是谁？3....but ...“但是”表示转折...and ...“和”表示意思相近e.g. They're both small, but they're strong.My school bag is heavy and our school bus is full of people.4. a handsome young man多个形容词顺序：先大小后颜色 a ruler （long silver）先模糊后具体（容易看出的放后面）two shirts（clean lovely）年龄放在描述词后 a teacher （old tall）an/a man （ugly young）最后国籍a/an actress ( English beautiful)5. Just like you!此处like是介词，后加代词宾格6.可数名词变复数规则①一般情况下，在单词后直接加s.例：apple--apples , ruler---rulers②以s,x,ch, sh 结尾的单词，在单词后加es. 例：bus---buses, box--boxes,watch--watches, brush--brushes.③以辅音字母加y结尾的单词，把y变为i,再加es. 例：baby--babies以元音字母加y结尾的单词，直接加s . 例：boy--boys④以f或者fe结尾的单词，把f或者fe变为v,再加es.例：knife ---knivesleaf---leaves⑤部分以o结尾的单词，加es . 例：tomato ---tomatoes, potato---potatoe s⑥特殊的单词：man--men ,woman--women, people --people ,child --children ,sheep--sheep,fish--fish。

Module 12 Western music语法精选1. by 用；靠；乘（交通工具）；由……创作；被；由以前我们学到的by是介词，意为“乘（车/船/飞机）”。

本模块学的by也是介词，意为“由……创作；被；由”，两者词性相同但意义不同。

如：①You can get there by bus．你可以乘公交车到那儿。

②The piece is written by Mozart．这是莫扎特的作品。

2. start 开始start作动词，意为“开始”，同义词是begin。

既可作及物动词，也可作不及物动词。

start作及物动词时，后面接名词、代词、动词不定式或v.-ing形式。

如：①The film starts at two o’clock.电影两点钟开始。

②He starts speaking/to speak English.他开始讲英语。

3. take place 发生take place是固定搭配，意为“举行；发生”。

take place没有被动语态。

如：①The wedding will take place next week.婚礼将在下周举行。

②Great changes have taken place so far.到目前为止，已经发生了巨大变化。

take的相关短语：take after 与……相像take off 起飞；脱掉take out 拿出；取出take care 当心take care of 照顾take part in 参加take away 拿走take up 占用take down 记下；写下句法精析1. It’s the capital city of Austria and the centre of Europ ean classical music.它是奥地利首都，也是欧洲古典音乐的中心。

（1）capital作名词，意为“首都；省会”。

如：①Washington DC is the capital of the USA.华盛顿是美国的首都。

正确选项题号句子主干思路排除选项句型/习语D 1 主动 > 被动AB who so name > by whom they weresight 看见 sheer 垂直的glisten 反光2 指代错误 Mountain s ---> them / their AE主句被动句+ 后面分句也是被动句：分句--->主动句3 since ≠ because (强烈因果关系)CE主从句都为被动句：从句--->改为主动句Mountains sighted by JC, naming… --- naming的主语是Mountains (JC X)4 修饰对象错误 naming 修饰对象CMountains sighted by sb, naming …(sb不是主语)Mountainssighted by sb, who nameAlthough a surge …has raised hopes that … , many economists say that …1 主谓一致 a surge ---> Verb 单 + there be用法(Here:X)Athere be + 具体noun ( 抽象n. /动作性n. X）D 2 时态 主句say ---> 从句现在…时态BCE there being X3 being 的滥用BC4 awkward+wordy finally --->修饰 verb ABCE finally --->修饰 verbE Although …poets had professed …and had pretended to … , it was notuntil almost 1900 that scholars andcritics …began studying …1 从句 过去完成时 ---> 主句过去时(体现过去时间点)B强调句 it was not until almost1900 that2 修饰错误 not almost until 1900 X D almost 的位置不可改变强调句 3 精简Cprofess 声称 pretend 假装3修饰位置 until almost 1900ABC…, until almost 1900, … 可修饰前 or 后E… , perhaps none was moreconcentrated than the wave thatbrought …1 时态一致 brought ---> was ABCD比较结构中时态一致2 (check) perhaps > maybe ABD perhaps 可以用 perhaps > maybeperhaps > maybe both OK 3 (check) 习语 more than AB X is more than Y1Mountain s… , were sighted in1770 by … James Cook, who so234migration迁移 sweep 清扫 4 wordy CD it is none that is/was --- wordy it 有所指代X= it is clear that 句型A Diabetes, … with its … , ranks as… , surpassed only by ...1 主谓一致 its ---> ranks (单)BCDEonly 位置 (遵循原文) 修饰它直接后面的词Diabetes : 糖尿病 Hint ：its---> diabetes (单)2 only 位置 (遵循原文)BCEsurpassed only by … : only 修饰by ...Here : only 修饰 by ... X修饰surpassedonly surpassed by… : only 修饰surpassedcomplications 并发症 surpassed 被超过E In late 1997, the chamber s …were closed to visitors for cleaningand repair because moisture …had raised …such levels thatsalt …was crystallizing and fungus was1 用词 because > due to (1 因为2 预计)AB because > due to （双重意思）chamber 洞穴 exhale 呼出crystallize 结晶2 "=" and fungus was growing ---> sth was --ingBCD repair 可以作名词 for cleaning and repair repair : n & v 3 习语 so/such that ACD4 指代错误 its them X them 指代chambers (Xtourists)ABCDE As its sale s… have surpassedthose of … , the company hasbecome increasingly willing tocompete for … sale s it would inthe past have conceded to rivals1 the company ---> it ABconcede 退让2 修饰位置 in the past + 重复意思previouslyCDit would have conceded torivals in the past , 可修饰rivals 定语从句 concede sales to rivals作宾语，所以that可以省略it would in the past have concededto rivals, 只能修饰 concedeA… theory holds that theuniverse began … years ago andhas been expanding ever since.1 时态(标志词) yrs ago --->过去 ever since--->现完进行BCDE2 修饰错误CD 67845E Like the Brontes andBrownings, James Joyce andVirginia Woolf are subjected1 James Joyce and Virginia Woolf (人名）--->Like + 人ACLike : must be used to comparesimilar elementsthe Brontes and Brownings 家庭 2 As用法 As + 句子BDAs + 句子 (introduce a clausebut not a phrase)be subjected to 遭受遭遇veneration 尊敬 blur 难以区分be subjected to 遭受遭遇B mammals can endure … becausethey have …a network thatkeeps …from ...1 意思 (一种现象) --- > 一般现在时ACDEcarnivorous mammals 食肉动物lethal 致命的2 have (一般现在) ---> keeps ACDED There are …, but the most …methodhas been to form …bricks, and , …, to lay them...1 搭配+"=" the most ---> to do1 and to do2 ?ABC并列extensively 广泛地preliminary 初步的2 主动 > 被动ACE the way to build --->method toform and to lay3 which指代EE Rising inventori es, if notaccompanied by … , can lead1 主谓一致 inventories ---> lead (pl.)BD Rising inventories : X动名词短语, 是noun. Rising inventori es : X动名词短语日益增多的库存2 表达方式 Here： when从句难懂ABC not accompanied > unaccompanied主语rising 修饰 inventories --->Subject : inventories (pl.)3 词汇 corresponding ADcorresponding increases in sales> correspondinglyA A surge in… sales and a dropin … claims suggest that theeconomy might not be as weak as …analysts previously thought1 主谓 （判断S & V难）a surge and a drop --->Verb(pl.) 所以 Verb(pl. ) 不是 claims butsuggest ( suggesting X )BDEthe economy might not be as weak as …analysts previously thought主语主语不是claims 2 主动 > 被动CDEthe economy might not be as weakas …be previously thought byanalysts 被动X sth suggest that X+ 虚拟910111213sth suggest that X+ 虚拟A Sunspot s, …, are visible as …on ... but have never beensighted on the … poles or1 although 用法 Although + 句子CD visible <---> sighted2 逻辑意思BEsighted 看见 与 visible对应 3 介词用法 pole , equator ---> on ???BCD sighted on the poles or equator??E Warning that … , the NationalAcademy … has urged … torevamp … , institute …, and create …totake charge of ...1 “=” to revamp…, (to) institute…, --->and (to) verb原型ABC2 词汇 to :表目的BCD并列urge 力劝 revamp 更新，修补 institute 建立B Retail sales rose …,intensifying expectations thatpersonal spending … would more1 逻辑意思 + 时态 expectation ---> would ACD expectation ---> would2 精简CE expectation that … > expectation :look to the futurebut not yet realizedintensify 增强 3 精简 less clear and graceful than B DD The commission has directed …foods that do not containadditives , preservatives ,oranything that has been1 逻辑意思 do not contain ---> or ( and X)CEdo not contain additives ,preservatives ,or anything thathas been synthesizedB :food that do not … or thathas been … X 意思改变2 逻辑意思 not ---> anything (nothing X 双重否定）ACadditives添加剂preservatives防腐剂3 意思 (见左)BCPlants are more efficient thanfungi at acquiring carbon, inthe form of carbon dioxide, andconverting it to...1 逻辑意思 in the form of carbon dioxide 修饰前面carbon---> 所以要carbon 结尾的ABEPlants are more … than fungi(is)acquire 获得 2 "=" and converting ---> 前面 doing or be…DE are efficient and (are)converting Plants are more … than fungi(is)1718141516are efficient and (are)converting D The Iroquois were primarily …,although they supplemented their … with ... 1 逻辑意思contrast + supplement ---> and /but XABCE primarily <---> supplement 让步本句: contrast + supplement 让步从句2 时态 were ---> 过去时态 supplemented ABE and even though ≠ even though E Unlike the honeybee, theyellow jacket can sting … and 1 比较 the yellow jacket ---> 昆虫 属性一致BCD (as X) in contrast with / to2 用词不当A类比ANeuroscientists, having amassed …knowledge over the past 20years about the brain and its development from … to … , are 1 句子结构 谓语 1 amass or 2 drawBCD＋ing”2种情况：knowledge ---> conclusion 逻辑意思 draw 应为谓语 2 修饰对象DE 1逻辑主语为主句主语，表同时发生搞amass 积累 3 over the past 20 years ---> 现在完成(进行C2 修饰主句整个句子，表伴随结果4 now drawing (≠ have amassed ) ---> 不为状语or定语BCDE n, + ing(表n 的定语)，一般是混淆选项。

七年级下册英语unit12知识点总结Unit 12是七年级下学期的最后一个模块，通过这个模块的学习，同学们可以巩固并深化自己在英语学习方面的掌握和理解。

在这个模块中，同学们将学到以下方面的知识：一、名词的复数形式在英语语言中，名词可以是单数形式或者复数形式。

在单数形式下，名词只有一个，而在复数形式下，名词有两个或者更多。

在这个模块中，同学们需要掌握名词单数和复数形式之间的转换规则。

1.第一类：在名词末尾加 -s例：book-books, pen-pens, car-cars2.第二类：在以字母x, sh, ch, s结尾的名词末尾加 -es例：box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches, bus-buses3.第三类：以辅音字母+y结尾的名词，把y改成i，再加-es。

例：baby-babies, city-cities, family-families4.第四类：以o结尾的名词，有些加-s，有些加-es例：tomato-tomatoes, potato-potatoes, radio-radios二、动词的过去式在英语语言中，动词可以分为不同的时态，其中过去式是比较常用的一种。

在这个模块中，同学们需要掌握一些常用动词的过去式及其用法。

1.第一类：一般情况下，动词的过去式加-ed。

例：work-worked, like-liked, jump-jumped2.第二类：以字母e结尾的动词，直接加-d。

例：dance-danced, love-loved, hate-hated3.第三类：以辅音字母+y结尾的单词，先将y改为i，再加-ed。

例：study-studied, try-tried, carry-carried4.第四类：一些特殊的过去式。

例：be-was, is-was, have-had三、情态动词情态动词是指表示情态或考虑的动词，如can, could, may, might, must, shall, should等。

人教版九年级上册第十二单元语法知识点梳理
Unit 12：Life is full of the unexpected.
第十二单元的语法重点是：过去完成时。

过去完成时：
【例句】
①She had seen ten films by last Friday.到上周五为止，她已经看了十部电影了。

②By the end of last October,she had collected 400 stamps.到去年十月末，她已经收集了400枚邮票了。

③By the time my parents reached home yesterday,I had already cooked dinner.我父母昨天到家时，我已经做晚饭了。

④Before Rebecca came to China in 2014,she had taught English in Korea for two years.丽贝卡在2014年来中国之前，已经在韩国教了两年英语了。

⑤When we arrived at the cinema,the film had already begun.当我们到电影院的时候，电影已经开始了。

【寻找“窍门”】
通过上面的句子，发现了什么规律？快来总结一下吧！
【中考真题】：
1.Some students in Shanghai______e-bags for several months.
A.have
B.have had
C.had
D.will have。

Section B （1a－Self Check）重点单词1. foolv. 愚弄n. 傻瓜；蠢人2. announcev. 宣布；宣告3. discoveryn. 发现；发觉4. cancelv. 取消；终止5. believableadj. 可相信的；可信任的6. disappearv. 消失7. embarrassingadj. 使人害羞的8. officern. 军官；官员词形变换1. announce—announcement （名词）2. discover —discovery （名词）3. believe—believable （形容词）—unbelievable （反义词）4. appear —disappear （反义词）—appearance（名词）5. fool —foolish （形容词）6. embarrass —embarrassed （形容词）重点短语1. show up赶到；露面2. costume party化装舞会3. sell out售完；卖光4. get dressed穿衣服5. stay up熬夜6. rather than而不是7. hand in上交8. run away from逃离重点句型1. Many April Fool's jokes may end up being not very funny.许多愚人节玩笑的结局并不是那么有趣。

2. Welles made it sound so real that hundreds of people believed the story，and fear spread across the whole country.韦尔斯使它听起来如此真实，以至于成百上千的人相信了这个故事，恐惧蔓延至整个国家。

3. April Fool's Day is a celebration that takes place in different countries around the world.愚人节是在世界不同国家举行的庆祝活动。

UNIT 12 Life is full of the unexpected.Section A （1a－4c）重点单词1. unexpected adj. 出乎意料的；始料不及的2. oversleep v. 睡过头；睡得太久3. block n. 街区4. burn v. 着火；燃烧5. alive adj. 活着；有生气的6. market n. 市场；集市7. backpack n. 背包；旅行包8. worker n. 工作者；工人9. stare v. 盯着看；凝视11. above prep. 在……上面adv. 在上面12. airport n. 机场13. till prep. &conj. 到；直到14. west adv. 向西；朝西adj. 向西的；西部的n. 西；西方15. bean n. 豆；豆荚16. cream n. 奶油；乳脂词形变换1. expect —expected （形容词）—unexpected （反义词）2. oversleep—overslept （过去式/过去分词）3. burn—burned/burnt （过去式/过去分词）—burning （形容词）4. fool—foolish （形容词）5. belief—disbelief （反义词）重点短语1. by the end of在（某时间点）以前2. give…a lift捎……一程3. in line with与……成一排4. stare at盯着看；凝视5. go off 响起；发出声音6. rush out of冲出；奔出重点句型1. I kept sleeping, and when I woke up it was already 8：00a. m! 我一直在睡觉，当我醒来的时候已经8：00了。

2. I didn't even brush my teeth or wash my face.我甚至都没有刷牙洗脸。

M12语法和学问点笔记语法归纳1.感慨句感慨句是用来表示喜怒哀乐等剧烈感情的句子，通常由how或what来引导。

〔1〕what引导的感慨句中心词是名词，结构为：① What + a(n) +形容词+可数名词的单数形式〔+主语+谓语+其他〕！What a beautiful girl (she is)! (她是)多么美丽的一个女孩啊！②What +形容词+可数名词的复数形式〔+主语+谓语+其他〕！What beautiful flowers (they are)! 〔它们是〕多么美丽的花儿啊！③What +形容词+不行数名词〔+主语+谓语+其他〕！What bad weather (it is)! (它是)多么糟糕的天气啊！〔2〕how引导的感慨句中心词是副词或形容词，结构为：①How +形容词或副词〔+主语+谓语〕！How cold (it is today)!(今日)真冷呀！How well she sings! 她唱得多好呀！② How +主语+谓语！How time flies!时间飞逝！选择疑问句是在句子中供应两个或两个以上可能的答案供对方选择的问句。

读法：or前用声调，or后用降调〔1〕选择疑问句结构Would you like coffee or tea?你想喝咖啡还是茶？Which does Mary like, traditional music or pop music?玛丽喜爱哪一种，传统音乐还是流行音乐？►留意：①选择疑问句可以用be动词、助动词或情态动词开头，但答复时不能用yes 或no,应从所给的选项中选择其一。

Are you from China or America? 你来自中国还是？I am from America. 我来自。

②or 所连接的是并列成分，即or 前是名词，or后也必需是名词，不能前面是名词，后面用动词。

【即学即练】一、用what，what a, what an 或how 填空。

七年级下册英语第十二单元语法解析Unit 12 What did you do last weekend?语法解析1.play badminton 打羽毛球play +运动play soccer play tennis play sportsplay the + 乐器play the guitarplay with…和某人＼物玩耍2.I worked as a guide at the Natural History Museum.我在自然历史博物馆当导游。

work as：担当,从事He works as a cleaner in a hospital.3.How interesting！此句是感叹句。

由how 引导的感叹句，其句子结构也分为三种：How ＋形容词/ 副词＋主语＋谓语！”。

如：How careful she is! 她多么细心啊！How fast he runs! 他跑得多快啊！How ＋形容词＋a/an ＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语！”。

如：How beautiful a girl she is! 她是个多么漂亮的姑娘啊！How ＋主语＋谓语！”。

如：How time flies! 光阴似箭由what 引导的感叹句，其句子结构可分为：What + a/an ＋形容词＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语！”。

如：What a nice present it is! 它是一件多么好的礼物啊What ＋形容词＋可数名词复数/不可数名词＋主语＋谓语What beautiful flowers they are! 多么漂亮的花啊！What fine weather it is today! 今天天气多好啊！！1一般过去时的特殊疑问句含有实意动词特殊疑问句结构为：疑问词＋did+主语＋动词原形＋其它？20）---What did you do last night?---I did my homework.21）---Where did you go last week?---I went to Shanghai with my parents.That’s all for today!Thank you!含有be动词的特殊疑问句结构为：疑问词＋was / were+主语＋其它？如：11）---Where were you last night?12）---We were at my uncle’s house.13）---How was your weekend? ---It was great.2.A family of mice were in the kitchen on Saturday morning. on +某日＋mornig/afternoon/evening.in + morning\afternoon\evening3.It’s important to learn a second language.It 是形式主语，真正的主语是to learn a second language .It 作形式主语的常见句型：1. 代作主语的动词不定式，其句型为（1）It be adj. (for sb.) to do sth.（2）It be adj. of sb. to do sth.（3）It替代作主语的动名词的常见句型：It’s no good/use doing…It’s (well)worth doing…It’s (well)worth one’s while doing/to do1.But I was so tired that I went to sleep early.但是，我是如此的累，以至于很早就去睡觉了。

人教版九年级英语全一册：Unit 12语法知识点复习提纲重点短语、重点句型知识点、交际用语、语法、单元同步书面表范文达大全Unit 12 Life is full of unexpected.一、语法:过去完成时1.用法:表示过去的过去,即表示在过去某一时间或动作之前完成的动作或存在的状态,常与by(在......以前),before,when,after,unless引导的时间状语从句以及by the end of last week(到上个星期为止)by that time(到那时为止),long before(很久以前),by the time(到......以前,到......的时候)等构成的短语连用。

先发生的动作用过去完成时,后发生的动作一般过去时。

过去完成时一般过去时一般现在时一般将来时2.过去完成时结构:主语+had+v-过去分词1)She had learned 2,000 English words by the end of last month.到上个月底她已经学了2,000个英语单词。

2)By the time I got up,my brother had already gotten in the shower.我起床的时候,我哥哥已经在洗澡了。

3)By the time I walked into class,the teacher had started teaching already.到我走进教室教室的时候,老师已经开始上课了。

3.过去完成时否定句结构:主语+had not(hadn’t)+v-过去分词1)She hadn’t learned 2,000 English words by the end of last month.到上个月底,她还没有学2,000个英语单词。

2)By the time I got up,my brother hadn’t gotten in the shower yet.我起床的时候,我哥哥还没有去洗澡。

初三英语上册（外研版）Module 12 Save our world知识点总结一、重点词汇·原文再现And in some places, pollution from factories spreads over cities and villages.在一些地方，来自工厂的污染遍布到城市和村庄。

·基本用法factory n. 制造厂；工厂，其复数形式为factories。

如：He works in a factory.他在一家工厂工作。

·原文再现If the rivers are polluted, farmers can’t use the water for their crops.如果河流被污染了，农民们就不能使用它们浇灌他们的庄稼了。

·基本用法pollute v. 污染（过去式：polluted 过去分词：polluted 现在分词：polluting 第三人称单数：pollutes）We should not pollute our rivers with waste.我们不应该让废弃物污染我们的河川。

·知识拓展--相关单词pollution n. 污染；污染物。

如：Man is fighting a battle against pollution.人类正在与污染作斗争。

·原文再现At a green school, every class collects waste which can be recycled or used again.在一所绿色的校园里，每个班级收集可以被回收或再次使用的废物或垃圾。

·基本用法1. recycle v. 回收利用；再使用（废品），它是由前缀re- +动词cycle构成。

（过去式：recycled 过去分词：recycled 现在分词：recycling 第三人称单数：recycles）We should try to recycle all our waste paper.我们应该把所有废纸回收再利用。

人教版九年级英语Unit 12 Section B 语法知识点精讲Section B单词1.fool [fu:l] n.蠢人;傻瓜v.愚弄典例1 felt a fool when I realized my mistake.(名词)当我意识到了自己的错误时,觉得自己是个傻瓜。

Don't be fooled by his appearance.(动词)不要被他的外表欺骗。

短语play the fool做傻事,干蠢事make a fool of yourself出丑fool around闲荡;虚度光阴联想foolish adj.愚蠢的2. embarrassed [ɪm'bærəst] adj.窘迫的;害羞的助记embarrass(n.使窘迫,使尴尬)+ed(形容词后缀)= embarrassed 词缀记忆法典例I felt embarrassed the entire evening.整个晚上我都感到很尴尬。

注意embarrassed常用来修饰人,表示人的感受。

联想embarrassing adj.使人害羞的(难堪的或惭愧的)3. announce [ə'nauns] v.宣布;宣告典例Attention, please! We are going to announce the winner.请注意!我们将要宣布获胜者。

联想announcement n.公告;宣告4. discovery [dɪ'skʌvəri] n.发现;发觉助记·dis-(否定前缀)+ cover(t.覆盖)+-y = discovery 词缀记忆法典例I think I have made a great discovery.我觉得我有一个伟大的发现。

短语scientific discovery科学发现make a discovery做出新的发现联想discover v.发现discovery cover discoverern.发现v.遮盖n.发现者5. lady ['leɪdi] n.女士;女子典例Who is the young lady with curly blonde hair? 那个有着金色卷发的年轻女士是谁?短语old lady老妇人first lady第一夫人;总统夫人lady first女士优先对应gentleman n.先生6. cancel ['kænsl] v.取消;终止助记能(can)取消给蜥蜴(ce)的油条(1)吗? 联想记忆法典例I’m afraid we have to cancel the meeting.我怕我们不得不取消会议。