船舶轮机英语集成分析
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轮机英语是中等职业教育水运类轮机工程技术专业交通职业教育教学指导委员会规划教材之一,按照《轮机英语》教学大纲的要求而编写的。
汇集了船员职务名称、机舱常用工具名称、机舱常用仪表名称等词汇。
专业词汇Special Terms第一部分柴油机Diesel Engine二冲程船用柴油机two stroke marine diesel engine四冲程船用柴油机four stroke marine diesel engine高(中,低)速柴油机high(medium,lower)speed engine气缸cylinder气缸盖cylinder cover(cylinder head)苏尔寿发动机Sulzer engineB&W型发动机Burmeister and Wain engine哥塔维根型发动机Gotaverken engine曼恩型发动机M.A.N.engineV型发动机V-type engine直流扫气式发动机uniflow scavenging type engine回流扫气式发动机loop flow scavenging type engine横流扫气式发动机crow-flow scavenging type engine十字头式发动机crosshead engine筒形活塞式发动机trunk-ppiston engine涡轮增压式发动机turbocharge engine固定部件fixed parts耐磨部件wear parts运动部件moving parts互换部件interchangeable parts气缸套cylinder liner示功阀indicator cock(indicator valve)安全阀safety valve气缸启动阀cylinder air starting valve缸套顶圈head ring for cylinder liner排气阀exhaust valve进气阀air inlet valve(suction valve)气阀传动机构valve driving mechanism顶杆tapper rod推杆push rod摇臂rocker rod (rocking lever)活塞pistion十字头式活塞crosshead type pistion筒形活塞trunk pistion活塞头pistion crown(head)活塞裙pistion skirt活塞体pistion body活塞销pistion pin(gudgeon pin)活塞环pistion ring气环(压缩环)compression ring刮油环oil scraper ring(oil ring,scraper ring)布油环oil distributing ring耐磨环wear ring活塞环槽pistion ring groove活塞冷却水管pistion cooling pipe往复管reciprocating pipe伸缩管telescope pipe铰链管articulated pipe活塞杆pistion rod活塞杆凸缘pistion rod flange活塞杆填料函stuffing box for pistion rod活塞杆填料箱gland box for pistion rod.packing gland for pistion rod填料函壳体stuffing box casing填料函张力弹簧tension spring for stuffing box填料函密封环sealing ring for stuffing box填料函刮油环scraper ring for stuffing box填料函压环pressure ring for stuffing box填料函压盖stuffing box gland十字头cross head十字头销cross head pin十字头销轴承cross head bearing(cross head pin bearing)十字头滑块cross head shoe(guide shoe)十字头导板cross head guide(guide rail,guide way,guide plate)连杆connecting rod连杆小端轴承connecting rod small end bearing连杆大端轴承connecting rod large end bearing;connecting rod bottom end bearing 曲柄销轴承crankpin bearing曲轴crank shaft曲轴臂crank arm曲轴销crank pin曲轴箱crankcase曲轴箱道门crankcase door(crankcase manhole)曲轴箱防爆门crankcase explosion door主轴承main bearing (bed plate bearing)倒挂式主轴承main bearing of under slung type轴承轴瓦上半块bearing bush-upper half轴承衬下半块bearing shell-lower half主轴承撑杆螺栓main bearing stay bolt主轴颈crank shaft journal(main journal)机座bed plate底座横隔板bed plate transverse member机架frame(column,entablature)底角螺栓holding down bolt (anchor bolt)贯穿螺栓through bolt (tie rod,tie bolt)贯穿螺栓护盖protecting covering for tie rod贯穿螺栓导套guide bush for tie rod推力轴thrust shaft推力轴承thrust bearing推力块thrust pad盘车机turning gear废气涡轮增压器exhaust gas turbocharge (turbo-blower)增压系统super charging system机械增压mechanical supercharging单(复)式增压系统single(complex)type super charging system 二级增压two-stage supercharging定压增压系统constant pressure charging system脉冲增压系统impulse pressure charging system变压增压variable pressure charging system串联增压super charging in series syatem并联增压super charging in parallel system直流扫气unislow scavenging回流扫气loop scavenging横流扫气cross scavenging气口扫气port scavenging气口-气阀扫气port-valve scavenging扫气口scavenging port排气口exhaust port排气总管exhaust manifold排气管exhaust pipe上止点top dead center(TDC)下止点bottom dead center(BDC)燃烧室combustion chamber吸气行程inlet(suction) atroke压缩行程compression stroke做功行程power (working) stroke排气行程exhaust stroke定时图timing diagram指示功indicated power轴功shaft power示功图indicator power控制系统control system启动控制装置control devic for starting起动装置starting devic主起动阀main starting valve空气压缩机air compressor空气瓶air bottle(air container,air cylinder,air reservoir) 起动手柄starting lever(starting handle)起动空气控制阀starting air control valve起动空气导阀starting air pilot valve起动阀starting valve分级活塞stepped pistion起动阀连锁装置starting valve blocking device起动凸轮starting cam起动空气管starting air pipe单凸轮换向装置single cam reversing device双凸轮换向装置double cam reversing device正车凸轮ahead cam正车油缸ahead oil cylinder (ahead oil bottle)自动停车装置automatic cut-out device空气分配器凸轮air distributor cam转向指示器running direction indicator换向杆reversing lever换向控制杆reversing control lever排气凸轮exhaust cam喷油凸轮fuel cam主起动阀手轮hand wheel for starting valve飞轮flywheel;turning wheel调速器goernor调速装置control device for running the engine极限调速装置maximum-speed governor gear定速调速装置constant-speed governor gear全制式调速装置variable-speed governor gear机械调速器mechanical governor液压调速器hydraulic governor车钟telegraph凸轮传动机构camshaft transmission gear链条传动chain transmission(chain drive)齿轮传动gear tansmission链轮sprocket (sprocket wheel)惰轮idle wheel备车stand by engine完车finish engine停车stop engine微速前进(后退)dead slow ahead (astern)前进(后退)一slow ahead (astern)前进(后退)二half ahead (astern)前进(后退)三full ahead (astern)紧急前进(后退)三emergency full ahead(astern)起动start倒车reverse空气分配器air distributor气缸注油器cylinder lubricator第2 部分制冷和空调制冷refrigeration空调air conditioning通风ventilation盐水制冷brine refrigeration热电制冷thermoelectric refrigeration蒸汽压缩循环vapour-compression cyle制冷剂refrigerant直接制冷剂primary refrigerant间接制冷剂secondary refrigerant氟利昂freon氟化氢fluorinated hydrocarbon临界温度critical temperature压缩机compressor蒸发器evaporator感温包sensing bulb膨胀阀expansion valve电磁阀solenoid valve干燥器drier/dryer冷凝器condenser储液器liquid receiver油分离器oil seperator中间冷却器inter cooler内部均压装置internal equalizer风冷冷凝器air-cooled condenser双阀座截止阀double seat stop valve手动能量控制阀hand capacity control valve水量调节阀water regulating valve气动薄膜碟阀pneumatic film flap valve出液阀delivery valve出液管outlet pipe外平衡管outer balance pipe半封闭式压缩机semi-enclosed compressor节流阀throttle valve加湿器humidifier回油装置oil-return device回气管return pipe自动水量调节阀automatic water regulating valve自动液压能量控制装置automatic hydraulic capacity control device压力控制器pressure control压差控制器differential pressure control吸入截止阀suction stop valve吸入滤网suction stainer充液阀charging valve冷凝器进入阀condenser inlet valve冷凝器出液阀condenser outlet valve冷却盘管cooling coil冷库insulted hold空气加热器air heater空气滤清器air cleaner油位检查镜inspection glass for oil level油预热器oil preheater卸载油缸unloading cylinder波纹管bellows制冷剂瓶refrigerant bottle热力膨胀阀thermostatic expansion valve毛细管capillary tube膜片diaphragm阀孔隙orifice恒温器thermostant诱导器inducer背压调节阀back-pressure valve浮动式自动回油阀floating type automatic oil return valve热交换器heat exchanger高压继电器high voltage relay温度调节器humidistat能量调节阀capacity regulator通风机ventilator舱室温度控制器cabin type temperature control排气融霜管discharge defrost pipe液位控制器liquid level control液体分离器liquid separator捡漏灯halide lamp船用臭氧发生器marine ozonizer温包式温度控制器phial type temperature controller湿度控制器humidity controller蒸发盘管evaporator coil tube散热器radiator空气调节器air conditioner二次空气系统secandary air conditioning system中央空调系统central air conditioning system高速诱导式空调系统high speed induction air conditioning system 半导体空调器semi-conductor air conditioner热泵式空调器heat-pump air conditioner窗式空调器window-type air conditioner毛发式气动湿度控制器pneumatic hair humidity controller风管air pipe出风栅outlet grid再加热盘管reheating coil空气干燥室air drying chamber顶式布风器top ventilator进风栅inlet grid挡水曲板curve flap翅片管tuberculat pipe散热盘管radiator coil tube挡板baffle翅状散热片fin波形散热片gill单风管系统single duct system双风管系统twin duct system分区加热器zone heater终端加热器terminal-heater压力通风plenum第3部分燃,滑油系统及油参数Fuel System ,Lubricating System &Oil Properties燃油系统fuel oil system双层底油舱double bottom fuel tank粗滤器strainer细滤器filter双联细滤器dual oil filter(duplex oil filter)燃油驳运泵fuel transfer pump沉淀柜settling tank分油机oil separator滑油柜/日用油柜lubricating oil tank\daily service tank加热器heater增压泵booster pump三通阀three way valve集油井oil head tank (oil header,oil collector buffer tank ,balance tank) 高压油泵(燃油喷射泵)fuel injection pump油孔式喷油泵(柱塞式油泵,plunger type fuel injection pump布式油泵)(Bosch fuel injection pump)回油孔fuel return hole进油孔fuel inlet hole柱塞(芯子)plunger柱塞套筒(柱塞导管)plunger guide bush(plunger barrel,plunger load)调节齿杆(调节齿条)control rack(toothed control rod)调节齿圈(调节齿套)control sleeve(control pinion)排油阀fuel delivery valve回油阀式高压油泵spill valve type fuel injection pump进油阀suction valve (spill valve,blowthrough valve) 油量调节机构fuel relgulation linkage油泵行程调节杆regulating lever for pump stoke油压调节阀fuel pressure regulating valve保压阀pressure retaining valve高压油管high pressure fuel pipe喷油器fuel injector,fuel valve,fuel injection valve喷油器壳体fuel injector holder(fuel injector housing)喷油嘴injectin nozzle(nozzle)针阀needle valve针阀顶杆spindle溢流管overflow pipe蒸汽加热器steam heater蒸汽加热管steam heating pipe蒸汽加热盘管steam heating coil润滑系统lubricating system干油底壳式润滑dry oil sump type lubrication湿油底壳式润滑wet oil sump type lubrication飞溅润滑splash lubrication中压(低压)润滑系统medium pressure lubrication system(low pressure lubrication system)气缸润滑cylinder lubrication轴承润滑bearing lubrication气缸注油器oil squirt(cylinder lubricator)吸油管suction duct(suction line)储油箱oil storage tank调节控制杆control lever for adjusting oil油孔oil orifice(oil hole)油道oil way(oil channel)油底壳oil sump(sump tank,crank bilge)污油柜oil sludge tank滑油循环柜circulating lube oil tank滑油粗滤器lube oil strainer滑油泵lube oil pump滑油冷却器lube oil cooler比重(相对密度)specific gravity (relative density)黏度viscosity发火质量ignition quality十六烷值cetane number柴油指数diesel index闪点(开口/闭口)flash point (open /closed)倾点pour point凝点freezing point残碳值carbon residue灰份ash content水分water content硫分sulphur content热值calorific value机械杂质mechanical impurities油品等级grade of oil馏程distilling rang矾含量vanadium content铝含量alumminium content船用轻柴油marine gas oil (MGO)船用燃料油marine fuel oil(MFO)船用柴油marine diesel oil (MDO)中间燃料油internal fuel oil添加剂additive总酸值total acid number(TAN)强酸值strong acid number (SAN)总碱值total base number (TBN)沉淀物含量sediment抗氧化安定性oxidation resistance抗腐蚀性corrosion极压添加剂extreme pressure additive黏度指数viscosity index第4部分泵及其系统Pump &Pumping System船用泵marine pump立式泵vertical pump卧式泵horizontal pump单缸泵single cylinder pump双缸泵duplex pump单(双)作用泵single(double)-acting pump单级泵single-stage pump双级泵double-stage pump定量泵constant-delivery pump变量泵constant displacement pump(constant delivey pump) 自吸式泵self-priming pump非自吸式泵none-self priming pump容积式泵displacement pump轴流泵axial-flow pump离心泵centrifugal pump往复泵reciprocating pump活塞泵pistion pump径向柱塞泵radial plunger pump轴向柱塞泵axial plunger pump回转泵rotary pump叶片泵vane pump单(双)作用叶片泵single(double)-acting pump齿轮泵gear pump水环泵water ring pump内(外)齿轮泵inside(outside)gearing pump螺杆泵screw pum液压泵hydraulic pump径流泵radial-flow pump旋涡泵volute pump喷射泵ejector pump蒸汽直接作用泵direct-acting steam driven pump 主机驱动泵min-engine-driven pump冷却水(油)泵cooling water(oil)pump给水泵feed pump备用给水泵donkey feed water pump卫生水泵sanitary pump出灰泵ash-ejecting pump压载水泵ballast pump污水泵sewage pump凝水泵condensate pump引水泵priming pump(primer pump)盐水泵brine pump淡水泵fresh water pump消防泵fire pump舱底水泵bilge pump循环泵circulating pump真空泵vacuum pump驳运泵transfer pump排污泵slusge pump变量泵variable output pump洗仓泵tank cleaning pump增压泵booster pump泵壳pump housing泵体pump body泵缸pump cylinder泵缸套pump line填料箱stuffing box吸入阀suction valve净正吸入压头net positive suction head (NPSH) 系统水头损失system head loss泵浦特性曲线pump characteristic curve排出discharge (delivery)流道liquid path叶轮impeller (vane wheel)扩压管diffuser蜗壳volute管路pipe line旋塞(考克)cock止回阀non-return valve碟形阀butterfly valve闸板阀gate valve转阀rotary(rotating) valve滑阀slide (sliding)valve球形阀globe valve安全阀relief valve速闭阀quick closing valve (strip valve)集中引水系统central priming system (CPS)第5部分船用锅炉Mair Boiler火(水)管锅炉fire (water) tube boiler立(卧)式锅炉vertical (horizonatal)boiler直(横,弯,盘,指)管锅炉straight(cross,bent,coil,thimble)-tube boiler 废气锅炉exhaust boiler管式锅炉tubular boiler筒形锅炉cylindr boiler (shell type boiler)鼓筒形锅炉drum boiler燃油辅助锅炉oil-burning auxiliary boiler立式横烟管锅炉vertical fire tube boiler卧式三回程火管锅炉horizontal triple-pass fire tube boiler盘管式强制循环废气锅炉coil-tube forced-circulation exhaust boiler人孔门manhole door水包water drum水管联箱water header水冷壁water-cooled wall (water screen, water wall)上升管riser tube下降管down comer后水冷壁rear water wall tube侧水冷壁side water wall tube沸腾联箱steaming header沸水管boiling-water tube炉膛furnace (fire box)炉胆furnace flue炉排fire bar(fire grate)炉门fire door炉衣boiler clothing (boiler lagging)炉墙furnace wall耐火砖衬层fire-brick lining挡烟墙baffle wall给水阀feed water valve给水截止阀feed water stop valve给水止回阀feed water check valve汽鼓(汽锅筒)steam drum汽水分离器steam purifier (steam separator)内给水管intrnal feed pipe给水离子交换器feed water ion exchanger省煤器(经济器)economizer上部联管upper header下部联管lower header前部联管front header后部联管rear header进口分配联管inlet distributing header出口分配联管outlet distributing header水位表water level gauge玻璃水位表glass water level gauge低位水位表bottom water level gauge远距离水位显示计remote water level indicator水位计分支阀(通汽考克,通水考壳)water level root valve(steam cock,water cock) 光滑管plain tube带肋片的蛇形管coil tube with ribs水位调节器water level regulator低水位保险装置low-water level cut-off device危险水位报警器low-water level alarm热水井hot well热水循环泵hot water regulating pump水处理water treatment上排污阀surface blow-down valve底部排污阀bottom blow down valve上(下)部吹除阀surface(bottom) blow-off valve浮渣盘scum dish烟管smoke tube烟箱smoke chamber(smoke box)烟道smoke flue烟囱chimney(funnel)烟喉furnace uptake牵条stay牵条管stay tube支承管support tube波形管sinuflo tube麻花管swirlyflo tube吹灰器soot blower单层盘管single-layer tube燃烧器oil burner燃油预热器oil preheater雾化器burner atomize (sprayer)雾化片sprayer plate喷油嘴burner tip (nozzle)喷油嘴管架nozzle support喷油嘴体nozzle holder喷孔nozzle hole(nozzle orifice)旋涡室swirl chamber点火器igniter点火喷油嘴ignition nozzle点火变压器ignition transformer预燃室precombustion chamber调风器air register调风门air damper风门throttle (air intake flap)风门伺服器servomotor for throttle regulation 风口draught door风箱burner wind box风机blower手调风门hand regulating throttle空气调温器air attemperator空气扩散盘air diffuse disk导流器air director空气调节器air regulator (air register)强制通风机force draught fan火焰检测器flame detector火口fire hole(combustion head)比例操作器proportional ratio apparatus压力比例操作器pressure ratio regulator停汽阀steam stop valve集汽管steam receive蒸汽分配器steam distributor阻汽器steam trap过热器super-heater减热器desuper heater旋风汽水分离器cyclone steam separator除氧器deaerator第6部分液压甲板机械Hydraulic Deck Machinery液压泵hydraulic pump径向柱塞泵radial plunger pump中央阀center valve配油轴oil distribution shaft配油盘oil distribution disc配油套oil distribution sleeve配油口oil distribution port配油壳oil distribution casing配油阀oil distribution valve浮动环floating ring压力管pressure pipe伺服活塞srevo-pistion差动活塞differential pistion倾斜盘swash plate液压放大器hydraulic amplifier液压马达hydraulic motor高速小扭矩油马达high speed low torque oil motor齿轮式(叶片式,轴向柱塞式)油马达gear-type (vane-type,axial-plunger-type)oil motor 低速大扭矩油马达low speed high torque oil motor柱塞式油马达plunger-type oil motor径向柱塞式油马达radial-plunger-type oil motor单作用径向柱塞式油马达single-acting radial-plunger-type oil motor轴向双斜盘式油马达axial-double-tilting frame type oil motor液压油缸hydraulic oil cylinder单作用柱塞油缸single-acting plunger oil cylinder摆动油缸oscillating oil cylinder差动油缸differential oil cylinder转叶式油缸rotary-vane-type oil cylinder定叶fixed vane转叶rotary vane密封条sealing strip定子stator转子totor压力控制阀pressure control valve顺序阀sequence valve直控~direct-control valve单向~one-way valve(check valve)卸载~off-load valve遥控~telecontrolled valve液控~hydraulically controlled valve减压阀pressure-reducing valve定压~constant pressure valve定差~constant difference valve定比~constant ratio valve溢流阀overflow valve先导式~pilot valve直动式~direct-acting valve差动式~differential valve流量控制阀flow control valve节流阀throttle valve调速阀speed-regulating valve方向控制阀direction control valve直通式~straight one-way valve直角式~angle one way valve手动截止阀hand stop valve (hand cut-off valve)双路油压自锁阀double-circuit oil pressure self-closing valve换向阀change-over valve (change valve)电磁~electro-magnetic valve电液~electro-hydraulic valve转阀(滑阀)ritary valve (side valve)三位四通阀three-position four-way valve主阀main valve辅阀auxiliary valve先导阀pilot valve阻尼孔damper hole节流缝隙throttle slot舵机steering gear定量泵开式系统open oil system of the constant delivery pump变量泵闭式系统closed oil system of the variable delivery pump撞杆式舵机ram type steering gear转叶式舵机rotary vane type steering gear工况选择阀operating mode selector valve手动旁通阀hand by-pass valve反馈杆feed back rod自锁阀self-locking valve防浪阀storm valve舵rudder舵柱rudder post舵柄rudder tiller舵托(承)rudder carrier舵叶rudder blade舵杆rudder stock撞杆ram操纵系统control system机械杠杆反馈式追随机构follow-up system of the mechanical lever feedback type 应急手动操纵装置emergency hand control device浮动杆floating lever副杠杆auxiliary lever遥控操舵装置telemotor steering gear起货装置cargo handing gear起货绞车cargo winch回转起货机crane吊扬索(千斤索)topping lift吊货杆boom(derrick boom)吊臂jib(crane jib)吊臂止动器jib stopper机械制动器machanicalbrake防索松保护器slack wire protection变幅绞车luffing winch货物定位装置cargo psotler差动型限位开关differential limit switich旋转绞车slewing winch带式刹车band brake旋转底盘slewing rim起锚机windlass止链器cable stopper锚anchor锚链anchor chain(anchor cable,chain cable)锚链轮chain lifter(cable lifter,cable holder)锚链舱chain locker链轮止动器chain lifter brake离合器clutch绞盘capstan绞盘卷筒capstan barrel带缆卷筒warping drum锚链卷筒chain drum绞车卷筒winch barrel(winch drum ,winding barrel) 第7部分油水处理设备,轴系及推进器,造水机Oil Treatment,Oily Water Separator,Shafting &Propeller,Fresh Water Generator分油机oil separator离心分油机oil centrifuge分杂机clarifier分水机purifie造水机fresh water generator真空沸腾式造水机vacuum boiling type fresh-water genetator 真空闪发式造水机vacuum flash type fresh-water generator工作水operating water冲洗水flushing water配水盘paring disc活动底盘sliding bowl bottom滑动圈operating slide污渣出口sludge outlet分离筒separator bowl分离筒本体bowl body分离筒盖bowl hood分离筒转轴bowl spindle分离盘bowl discs机盖frame cap阻水环damp ring比重环gravity disc油水分离器oily water separator舱底水bilge锥形盘conical plates粗粒化coalesce放油阀oil drain valve检验旋塞check cock自动空气释放阀automatic air rlease valve除油阀oil rcovery valve (recovered oil valve)液位探测电极liquid level electronic probe除渣阀scum valve自动出油阀automatic oil outlet valve储油柜oil storage tank控制板control panel轴系shafting螺旋桨propeller传动轴transmission shaft中间轴intermeditate shaft (tunnel shaft)推力轴thrust shaft单环推力轴single collar thrust shaft艉轴tail shaft (tube shaft)可调螺距螺旋桨adjustable pitch propeller (variable pitch propeller,controllable pitch propeller)定距桨constant pitch propeller固定桨叶螺旋桨fixed-blade propeller艏部螺旋桨bow propeller横向推理器transverse propeller左(右)螺旋桨left(right)handed propeller推力轴承thrust block推力块thrust pad推力环thrust collar刮油器scraper挡油圈oil deflector油位显示器oil level indicator单环推力轴承(密歇尔推力轴承)Michell thrust bearing(single collar(thrust)bearing)支撑轴承(中间轴轴承)tunnel bearing(intermediate shaft bearing)艉轴管轴承sterntube bearing (stern bearing)铁梨木轴承lignumvitae bearing水润滑轴承water-lubricated bearing白合金轴承white metal bearing桨叶propeller blade空泡cavitation螺旋桨空泡propeller-cavitation压力面空泡pressure-face cavitation(face cavitation) 吸力面空泡suction-face cavitation导边空泡leading edge cavitation蒸发器evaporator加热器heater冷凝器condenser挡水器demiser抽气喷射器air ejector凝水泵distillate pump盐水泵brine pump闪发室flash chamber盐度计salinity indicator第8部分交流发电机及配电板Alternating Current Generator& Switchboard 交流发电机altemator直流发电机dynamo发电机generator电磁式发电机electro-magnetic generator励磁场线圈magnetic field coil自励self-excited串励serise-wound并励shunt-wound复励compound-wound定子stator转子rotor电刷electric brush灭弧罩arc shield原动机prime motor配电箱distribution board主配电板main switch board区域配电板section board汇流排bus bar配电板load-dispatching board(switch board)频率fequency相位phase同相in phase同步指示器synchroscope自动电压调节器automatic voltage regulator (AVR)自动分载装置automatic load-sharing device自动调频调载器automatic frequency and load regulator 发电机屏genertor pnel试验板test board供电网supply network岸电接线箱shore connection box脱扣装置trip device保护装置protection device欠压装置under-voltage protection失压装置no-voltage protection过载保护over-load protection过流保护over-current protection逆功率保护reverse power protection缺相保护open-phase protection短路电流保护short circuit current protection操纵平台control platform开关switch过载开关overload switch双刀开关double pole switch限位开关limit switch断路器breaker断流器cut-out自动断路器automatic circuit breaker过载断路器over load circuit breaker空气断路器air circuit breaker整流器rectifier变压器transformer耦合变压器couple transformer放大器amplifier换向器commutator起动器stater继电器relay电抗器reactor电阻器resisor电容器condenser (capacitor)接触器contactor接线盒connection box并车操作parallel operation电流表ammeter电压表voltmeter功率表wattmeter频率表frequency meter并车开关paralleling switch电动机motor三相电动机three-phase motor同步感应电动机synchronous induction motor异步电动机asynchronous motor鼠笼式电动机squirrel cage motor第9部分法规及消防设备Watchkeeping,International Convention &Fire FightingSTCW 公约《1978年海员international convention on standards of training,培训,发证和值班标准certification and watchkeeping for seafarers 1978国际公约》值班watchkeeping值班人员watchkeeper (watchkeeping personnel)航行值班underway watch接班人员relief定员rating任职资格qualification值班要求watch requirements对职责的适应fitness for duty职责范围areas of responsibility日常调节routine adjustment逃生路线escape routes驾驶台命令bridge order轮机日志engine room log book无人机舱un-attended machinery space (UMS)(unmanned machinery space)国际公约international convention国际海事组织international maritime organization (IMO)海事委员会maritime commission()MARPOL公约《1973年防止international convention for the prevention of pollution船舶污染国际公约》(1978年修正)from ships 1973 (as modified by the protocol of 1978 relating therto)SOLAS公约《国际海上人命安全公约》international convention for the safety of life at sea油类记录簿oil record book国际防止污染证书(IOPP)international oil pollution prevention certificate原油洗舱(COW) crude oil washing system惰性气体系统(IGS) inert gas system专用压载舱(SBT) segregated ballast tanks清洁压载舱(CBT) clean ballast tanks排油监控系统oil discharge monitoring and control system焚烧炉incinerator散装有害液体货物记录簿cargo record book for ships carrying noxious liquid substances in bulk 国际散装有害液体运输防污证书international pollution prevention certificate for the carriage of noxious liquid substances in bulk客船安全证书passenger ship safety certificate货船无线电安全证书cargo ship safety radio certificate货船结构安全证书cargo ship safety construction certificate货船设备安全证书cargo ship safety equipment certificate中国船级社china classification society(CCS)中华人民共和国船舶检验局the register of shipping of the people's republic of china (ZC) 定期检验periodical survey更新检验renewal survey年检annual survey中间检验intermediate survey火警探测器fire detector感烟探测器smoke detector火焰探测器flame detector感温探测器heat detector烟管警报系统smoke pipe fire alarm system蜂鸣器buzzer警铃alarm bell警报器howler灭火剂extinguishant灭火设备fire fighting equipment固定灭火设备fixed fire fighting equipment便携式灭火器portable extinguisher碳酸钠与酸混和灭火器soda-acid extinguisher泡沫式灭火器foam extinguisher化学泡沫式灭火器chemical foam extinguisher机械泡沫式灭火器mechanical foam extinguisher二氧化碳灭火器carbon-dioxide extinguisher干粉灭火器dry powder extinguisher插销plunger钢瓶steel container喷嘴nozzle把手handle排出管discharge hose触发开关trigger control喇叭状喷管horn固定灭火装置fixed fire fighting installation救火泵fire pump应急救火泵emergency fire pump增压泵booster pump消防栓hydrant皮龙管hosepipe(hose)快速扣合接头snap-in connector喷头sprinkler head (sprayer)泡沫发生器foam generator惰性气体发生器insert gas generator消防部署fire fighting strategy消防演习fire fighting drills呼吸面具breathing apparatus卤化烃系统halon system卤化烃1301 halon 1301(BTM)卤化烃1211 halon 1211(BCF)第10 部分维修常用词汇Useful Expressions in Repair ListA. 故障Troubles发现已无法修复found beyond repir发现尺寸过大found over-sized发现反应缓慢found slow function发现不正常found out of order发现不合标准found not up to standard发现不准确found inaccurate发现失效found ineffective发现失去作用found out of function发现咬住found seized发现冻结found stuck fast by icing发现过热found over heated发现过度磨损found excessive wear(found worn out;found worn away) 发现有一点倾斜found a little bit inclined发现因过热而毁坏found destroyed by over heating发现龟裂found chapped发现塌陷found collapaed发现运转失灵found out of operation发现呈椭圆形found oval发现拉痕found scored发现拉毛面积found scuffed about XX in area发现变形found deformed发现变形超过xx mm found deformed over a length of XX MM发现松动found loose发现油污found greasy发现赃污found dirty发现挤铅found squeezed发现弯曲found bent发现故障found faulty发现结霜found frosted发现损坏found damaged发现破裂成片found broken into pieces发现部分剥离found partly detached发现部分阻塞found partly blocked发现剧烈震动found violent vibration发现效率不高found low efficiency发现挠曲found twisted发现烧坏found burnt发现堵塞found choked发现断裂found fractured发现接地found earthed发现敲缸found knocking发现漏泄found leaking(leaky)发现熔化found melted away发现缩减约10mm found reduced about 10 mm发现在气缸内卡住found jammed up in the cylinder在某部位发现裂纹found cracked in way of如必要if necessary如发现必要if found chapped如发现有毛病any defectives if found一般要求General Requirements一式两份交轮机长to be handed over to C/Ein duplicate(two copies)一式三份交轮机长to be handed over to C/Ein triplicate(three copies)一式四份交轮机长to be handed over to C/E in quadruplicate送交轮机长to be sent to C/E(to be delivered to C/E;TO be submitted to C/E) 厂供to be supplied by yard以备检验to be prepared for survey用波浪键修补to be remedied by means of metallock用船上备件替换to be replaced with ship's spare用千斤顶提起to be jacked up出具证书certificates to be issued出具检验报告survey report to be issued充to be charged充以二氧化碳气体to be filled with co2 gas运至to be transported to取消to be cancelled供应to be provided供验船师检验to be presented for surveyor's inspection所有钢瓶测试all bottles to be calibrated所有钢瓶称重all bottles to be weighted制造并供应to be made and supplied按现有的制作并安装to be fabricated and installed according to the existing one除霜to be defrosted砌to be paved重充氟里昂12 to be refilled with freon 12重充水银ti be recharged with marcury送至to be removed to(to be sent to;to be transferred to )送车间修理to be sent to work shop for repaira退回船上作备用to be returned to ship as spare绘制图纸交船srawing to be made and sumitted to ship按要求修理to be repaired as required按302项处理treated as item 302。
EnglishofMarineEngineering(轮机英语)English of Marine Engineering(轮机英语)Unit 1 :Main Propulsion Plant(船舶主推进装置)一、船舶动力装置概述●船舶动力装置的组成和类型、热机的类型和应用二、船舶柴油机1)船舶柴油机基本参数、特性指标2)船舶柴油机的工作原理3)船舶柴油机的基本结构4)船舶柴油机的燃油系统5)船舶柴油机的润滑系统6)柴油机的冷却系统7)柴油机的启动系统8)船舶柴油机操纵和控制系统、柴油机的运行管理、故障诊断三、船舶推进装置●推进装置的传动方式Unit 2 :Auxiliary Machinery(船舶辅助机械)一、船用锅炉1)船用锅炉的类型和结构特点2)船用锅炉的运行管理、故障分析和排除二、船用泵1)船用泵类型;常见船用泵的工作原理和结构特点;船舶通用泵系的布置原则和特点2)常见船用泵的运行管理和故障排除三、船舶制冷和空调装置1)船舶制冷原理和制冷循环2)船舶空调系统的组成及主要设备;船舶空调装置的运行管理、故障分析和排除四、船舶防污染设备1)油水分离器的工作原理及运行管理2)焚烧炉的工作原理及运行管理3)生活污水处理装置的工作原理及运行管理五、分油机和海水淡化装置1)分油机的工作原理及运行管理2)海水淡化原理、主要设备和运行管理六、船舶甲板机械1)起货机的结构特点及其故障分析和排除2)锚机、绞缆机的结构特点及其故障分析和排除3)液压泵、控制阀件和油马达的结构特点;液压系统管理Unit 3:Marine Electrization and Automatization(船舶电气和自动化)一、船用发电机1)船用发电机的结构特点2)船用发电机的并车和解列3)船用发电机的故障分析和排除二、船用配电板1)主配电板的分类及组成2)应急配电板;配电箱三、船舶电气设备●船舶电气设备:船舶电气设备概况;电气控制设备;电气设备运行管理Unit 4 :Marine Engineering Management(船舶轮机管理)一、操作规程●备车;巡回检查;完车二、安全管理知识1)船舶防火防爆的措施及守则2)轮机部操作安全注意事项;安全知识;机舱应急设备的使用及管理三、油、物料和备件的管理●燃油的管理四、船舶修理和检验1)修理的类别;轮机坞修工程2)船舶检验的类别与作用五、防污染管理及PSC检查1)《油类记录簿》与IOPP证书的管理2)PSC检查中的明显理由与更详细检查;PSC检查报告和缺陷的纠正Unit 5 :International Convention and Regulations(国际公约与规则)一、STCW公约1)STCW78/95公约中有关轮机值班的基本原则2)轮机员的基本职责和道德;机架联系制度二、MARPOL公约●MARPOL73/78公约中有关含油污水的排放规则;有关国家、港口的防污染规则三、SOLAS公约●SOLAS公约的基本精神和基本原则四、ISM、ISPS等规则和公约1)ISM规则简介2)ISPS规则简介3)其他最新公约和规则。
船舶轮机英语单词总结A layer of lubricant 润滑层abrasive 有磨蚀的accommodation 住舱accommodation ladder 舷梯accommodation 居住舱室Accomplish 完成,达到,实现activate 使活动,起动Adjustment 调整Administrative offices 管理办公室adopt 采用advantage 优势,优点,效益应用affect 影响Aforesaid 上述的,前述的(常用于法律文件)aft ballast tank 艉压载舱Aggregate 合计,总计air cushion craft 气垫船air draught 水面上高度air pipes,sounding pipes and overflow pipes 空气管、测量管和溢流管路alarm 警报器alkalinity 碱度,碱性all duties pump 总用泵alloy 合金alternative 替换物,选择对象alternator 交流发电机aluminum 铝Aluminum 铝among 在……之中Analyze 分析anchor 锚anchor arrangement 锚泊设备anchor bell 锚钟anchor hoisting winch 起锚绞车anchor light 锚灯Anchorage 锚地Anchor-heaving trial 抛锚试验anti-corrosive oil 防腐油Aperture 孔,穴Applicant 申请者Applicant 申请者application 应用application 应用,运用Approach 方法,步骤,途径Appurtenance 辅助的设备,附属设备,配件Aptitude (特殊)才能,适应性Arbitration 仲裁around 在……周围,绕过arrangement 布置,安排,装置,方案aspect 方面Assembly line 装配(流水)线Assembly 装配assembly 组件,组装Assign 分配,指派assigning 确定,指派assist 帮助,协助atmospheric 大气的atomization 雾化attach 缚,系,附,归属attached pump (主机)附带泵attractive 吸引人的,引起注意的audible 听得见的automobile n. 汽车auxiliary engine 发动机auxiliary pump 辅助泵axial flow pump轴流泵axial flow 轴流式axial plunger pump轴流柱塞泵axial 沿轴的,轴的axis 轴balance 平衡Balance 平衡ballast (船等)压载物ballast pump 压载泵ballast tank 压载舱barge 驳船barge-carrier 载驳货船be adjacent to 靠近,接近be attached to 附属于Be built to order 按定单建造,按定货单制作be confined to 被限于……be divided into 分成be made up of…由……构成bearing 轴承bedplate 基座bell 钟,罩Bench work 钳工Bid 投标bilge piping and ballast piping 舱底水与压载管系bilge piping system of cargo pump rooms and cofferdams 货泵舱和隔离空舱舱底水系统bilge pump 舱底水泵bilge 舭bilge 舱底(水)bilge 舱底,船舱积水Bind 约束blade 叶片,桨叶blank 隔开、封着,使无效Blast 喷丸(除锈)blind-flange 盲板法兰Block 墩木,块,阻塞block 块boat deck 艇甲板Body plan 横剖型线图,正面线图body 主体boiler feed and blow off pipes 锅炉给水和泄放管boiler fuel oil system 锅炉燃油系统Bollard test,dock trial 系泊试验bolt 螺栓,用螺栓固定boom length 吊杆长度boom 吊杆Boom 吊杆boost(er) pump 增压泵bottom dead centre (BDC ) 下止点bow 船首bower anchor 首锚Bracket 支架,托架brake horsepower 制动马力,制动功率brake 制动器,刹车branch 分支,支管brazing 铜焊(接)Bridge crane 行车,桥式起重机bridge deck 驾驶甲板Bridge 桥楼brittle 易碎的,脆弱的bronze 青铜(铜与锡合金)Brozen sleeve 青铜筒套buffer tank 缓冲柜buffer 缓冲器,贮存装置Building basin 船台Building period 建造周期built-in 内装的,机内的,固定的bulk-carrier 散货船bulkhead 舱壁bulkhead pieces 舱壁部分bulkhead 舱壁bulkhead 隔壁,防水壁bulwarks 舷墙Burner 气焊工bursting pressure 爆炸压力by comparison 通过比较cabin deck 起居甲板cable releaser 弃链器cablelifter 锚链轮Calorific 卡的,热量的,发热的calorific 热(量)的,发热的cam clearance 凸轮间隙Camber 拱形cap 盖capstan 绞盘,绞车captain deck 船长甲板carbonaceous 碳的Cargo capacity 载货量,货舱容量,舱容cargo handing gear 起货设备cargo handing productivity 装卸能力cargo oil piping system 货油管系cargo oil suction 吸油口cargo space 货物舱位cargo winch 起货绞车Carpenter 木匠carrier ring 承磨环casing 箱,外壳cast steel chain 铸钢锚链casualty 灾祸,意外catalytic 催化的catamaran 双体船category 类别cause 原因,引起central cooling system 中央冷却系统centralized control 集中控制centrifugal oil separator room 分油机室centrifugal 离心的centrifuge 离心(分油、净油)机centrifuge 离心分离机cetane 十六烷值chain cable compressor ,chain stopper 止链器chain cable 锚链chain link 锚链环chain locker 锚链舱chain pipe 锚链管chain winch 锚链绞车Charge 费用charge 装,充chemical carrier 化学品(运输船)Chipper 风铲工,缺陷修理工chock 塞块,楔型垫chromium 铬circuit 回路,管路,电路circulating lubricating oil tank 滑油循环舱circulating pump 循环泵circulating tank 循环柜Class notation 船级符号Class symbol 入级符号class 等级cleanse 清洗clutch 离合器clutch 离合器cock 开关,龙头Coefficient 系数cofferdam 隔离空舱Collapse 毁坏collecting tank 收集柜Collision 碰撞Combat system 作战系统combustion 燃烧,焚毁,发(点)火commercially 商业上Compact 紧凑的compare 比较,对比Compartment stuffing box 隔舱填料函compartment 隔间,隔室Compass adjuster 罗经校正员compass deck 罗经甲板Compel 强迫compensate 补偿Competitive 竞争的Completion 完成Complex 复杂的,合成的,综合的complexity 复杂,复杂性component 元件,组成元件compound-supercharged diesel engine 复合式增压柴油机compressed air piping system 压缩空气系统compression (发动机,如内燃机中工作液体的)压缩compression pump 压缩泵Compromise 折衷,调和Compulsory 强迫的,强制的,义务的Concrete 混凝土condensate and exhaust steam piping 凝水和乏汽管系Configuration 构造,结构,配置,外形considerable 相当的,大量的constitute 构成construction 结构Consult 咨询Consumable 消耗性的Consumable 消耗物品consumption 消耗,消费contact 接触container 集装箱container ship 集装箱船container ship 集装箱船container 集装箱,容器,壳,罩containerization 货柜运输contamination 污染(物)conventional 常规的,惯例的convey 传递coolant 冷却剂copper n. 铜copper 铜corrosion 腐蚀,锈corrosive 腐蚀(性)的corrosive 腐蚀的,腐蚀性的counteract 克服coupling 联接,联接器,联轴节Course keeping test 航向稳定性试验Craft 船,手工艺Crane operator 起重工crane 克令吊,起货机crane 起重机crankpin 曲柄销Criteria 准则,标准,规范cross 十字的,交叉的crow’s nest 桅上瞭望台crown 冠,顶部,活塞crows nest 瞭望台crude oil 原油cruiser 游船Culminate (与in连用)达到。
《轮机英语》课程教学标准课程代码: 32060204、32060205、32060206、32060207课程名称:轮机英语英文名称: English of Marine Engineering课程类型: 必修课208学时总学时: 208 讲课学时:192 实训学时:16学分: 12(3,3, 3, 3)适用对象: 轮机工程技术专业高职学生先修课程:无第一部分前言一、课程性质与地位《轮机英语》课程是海洋船舶轮机工程技术〈轮机管理〉专业核心课程,也是轮机工程技术专业学生今后取得中华人民共和国海事局规定的甲类二/三管、大管轮、轮机长适任证书必考科目之一,也是从事船舶机械设备运行、维护、安装、调试,航运部门机务管理必备的课程。
为了满足《1978年海员培训,发证和值班标准国际公约》2010年修正案(简称STCW78/10公约)对海员英语运用能力更高的要求和更好地实施《中华人民共和国海船船员适任考试大纲》,通过《轮机英语》课程的学习,使学生具备一定的阅读和理解现代轮机管理业务所涵盖的有关船舶柴油机及其工作系统、各种船舶辅助机械、船舶电气自动化、机舱业务管理以及相关国际公约法规等的专业技术资料的能力,具备用英语规范填写各种轮机日志、事故报告、航次报告、物料单及修理单的能力,能逐步胜任海洋船舶不同层级甲类轮机员的业务英语的要求。
为培养高素质技术技能型轮机工程技术管理人才打好基础。
二、课程基本理念依据STCW78公约马尼拉修正案、国家海事局高级船员最新考试大纲和现代船舶轮机管理的工作需求设置“轮机英语”课程;同时考虑到“以职业素质为基础,以适岗能力为本位”的教育教学指导思想和航海高职高专学生的认知规律,以满足远洋船舶轮机人才需求、船舶轮机岗位群能力的需求和对于高级船员的适任要求。
培养轮机工程技术专业学生专业英语方面的能力,使学生能够掌握轮机工程专业词汇、语法、句法、具备专业英文文献的阅读和轮机业务书的英文写作的能力。
轮机英语名词性专业术语的特点及翻译摘要:研究轮机英语名词性专业术语的特点,重点探讨轮机英语名词性专业术语构词特点、词法特点和语义特点,并讨论轮机英语名词性专业术语的翻译方法和翻译技巧.关键词:轮机英语;名词性专业术语;特点;翻译技巧The characteristics of nominal terms of marine engineering Englishand their translationAbstract The characteristics of special nominal terms of marine engineering Englishare explored with a focus on three aspects----word formation,morphology andsemantics.The translation techniques employed in translating special nominal termsof marine engineering English are also discussed.Key words marine engineering English;special nominal terms;characteristics;translation techniques0 引言轮机英语中有大量的名词性专业术语,这些术语在构词法、词法和语义等方面都有它自身的特点,这些特点又决定了其在汉译时必须选取特定的翻译方法和翻译技巧,因此,掌握轮机英语名词性专业术语的特点以及了解相应的翻译方法和技巧对于学习和翻译轮机英语是非常重要的.确实有一批工程技术人员,他们了解船舶机械的构造和原理,英语功底也比较好,而且对翻译表现出浓厚的兴趣,但是在翻译轮机英语时常常会感到茫然,原因之一可能就是由于对轮机英语中名词性专业术语的特点不够熟悉,对相应的翻译方法和翻译技巧缺乏分析和掌握.本文尝试归纳出轮机英语名词性专业术语的几个特点,并有针对性地提出翻译方法和技巧,以期对提高轮机英语的翻译质量有所帮助.1 轮机英语名词性专业术语的特点轮机英语属于科技英语,其词汇具有科技英语词汇的特点,如大量使用专用词汇,常用词汇具有专业意义,词性的转换较多等等.此外,轮机英语名词性专业术语在构词法、词法和语义等方面有非常明显的特点.1.1 构词法特点根据万本华的研究,英语构词有合成性、转化性、派生性、缩写性和借用性等五大特点[1].笔者对轮机英语名词性专业术语的构词方法进行研究发现,轮机英语名词性专业术语的构词有其自身特点,即轮机英语名词性专业术语一般采用合成法、词缀法、缩写法和复合法等构词法构成大量新词.1.1.1合成法合成法即将两个或两个以上的旧词合成一个新词的构词方法,轮机英语中有大量的名词性专业术语是用合成法构成的,合成法又分为合写式与分写式两种.用合写式合成的新词中间无连字符,如:crankshaft (曲轴),turbocharger (涡轮增压机),sandpaper (砂纸);用分写式合成的新词中间有连字符,如:blow-down (排污),dew-point (露点),fire-tube(火管),water-tube(水管),liquid-hammering (液击)等.1.1.2 词缀法词缀法是构成轮机英语名词性专业术语的重要手段.例如前缀anti--(反)加在fouling(污染)前构成antifouling(防污染),加在friction(摩擦)前构成antifriction(减磨);前缀de-(剥夺,分离)加在frost(霜冻)前构成defrost(除霜),加在contamination(污染)前构成decontamination(净化)等.此外,拉丁语源的前缀被广泛应用,作为轮机英语名词性专业术语的构词手段,如thermo-(热),electro-(电),carbo-(碳),hydro-(水、氢)等等.熟悉这些构词成份,对我们学习和翻译轮机英语是很有帮助的.后缀构词的应用更为普遍,如break--breaker(继电器),govern--governor(调速器),arrange—arrangement(安装,布置),install--installation(安装),move--movement(运动),drain--drainage (放残),cover--coverage(覆盖)等等.另外,由于轮机英语中有大量的机械动作或机械操作,为了准确、简洁地表达这些运动或操作,很多表示动作的动词后加ing后构成名词,如:cooling(冷却),opening(开口),starting(启动),flushing(冲洗),running(磨合,运转),buffing(抛光),casting(浇注),winding(缠绕),dribbling(滴漏),freezing(冰冻),hunting(发动机调速不稳),knocking(爆震),scavenging(换气,扫气),misfiring(不点火,不发火),steering(转向),stamping(冲压),tempering(回火,退火)等等.1.1.3 缩写法英语缩略语一般用术语Acronym(首字母缩拼词)、Abbreviation(缩写词)、Contractions(缩写式)、和Initials(起首字母)表示,且采用最多的是Acronym 和Abbreviation[2].为了使语言简洁,在不影响读者理解的前提下,轮机英语名词性专业术语也使用了大量缩写,其缩写方法主要有以下两种.1.1.3.1 首字母缩写.轮机英语中,有很多名词性专业术语有几个单词构成,为了使其简化,常利用各个单词的首字母构成缩写.这些缩写可以全部是大写字母,也可以是小写字母,但一般不大小写混合使用,如:ABDC--after bottom dead center(下止点后),AC--alternating current(交流电),VPP--variable pitch propeller(可变距螺旋桨),c.p.m.--cycles per minute(转/分钟),o.d.--outside diameter(外径),fs--four stroke(四冲程)等等.1.1.3.2 单词缩写.在轮机英语中,即便是对一个单词,有时也要进行缩写.可以对一个单词的后半部分进行省略,构成缩写词,如:auto.--automation(自动控制),acc.--acceleration(加速),cyl--cylinder(气缸),fil.--filter(过滤器),com.--combustion(燃烧),gen--generator(发电机,造水机),lub--lubrication(润滑)等等;也可以把一个专业术语中的元音和一些辅音省略,只保留最后的辅音来构成缩写词,如:trd--thread(螺纹),syd--shipyard(造船厂),spnr--spanner(扳手),pcs--pieces(件,片,块),pol--petrol(汽油)等等.1.1.4 复合法前面提到的合成法是把两个或两个以上的单词合成一个术语,在轮机英语中,还有一些专业术语是根据机械部件的运动特点或机械部件的形状或者发明者的名字复合而成的.在这类术语中,前面的词起描述作用,后一个词是复合术语的主体.1.1.4.1 V-ing+ n. 这类专业术语通常用来陈述船舶机械的部件,含有主动之意,如:a driving gear (主动轮),turning gear(盘车机),connecting rods(连杆),starting system(启动系统),starting valve(启动阀),reciprocating internal combustion engines(往复式内燃机),evaporating pressure(蒸发压力)等等.1.1.4.2 V-ed + n. 这类专业术语也是主要用来陈述船舶机械的部件,但含有被动之意,如:a driven gear(从动齿轮),unattended machinery space(无人看管机舱),chrome-plated plate(镀铬板),distilled water(蒸馏水),forced lubrication(压力润滑)等等.1.1.4.3 专有名词 + n. 在科技发展的历史进程中,有些机械设备或技术是以科学家或发明者的名字来命名的,如:Hotchkiss drive(霍奇凯斯式传动装置),Redwood viscosimeter(雷乌粘度计),Engler viscosity(恩氏粘度),Roots blower(罗氏鼓风式增压机),Starling engine(斯特林发动机)等等.1.1.4.4 大写字母 + n. 有些轮机英语名词性专业术语是以大写字母加名词复合而成,大写字母表示该设备部件的形状、特性等,如:I-beam(工字梁),I-head engine(I 式发动机),T-head engine(T式发动机),V-belt(V型皮带),U-bolt(U 型螺栓),S-cam(S型凸轮),Y-connection(Y型接法),T-bend(T型三通接头)等等.1.2 词法特点轮机英语名词性专业术语有显著的词法特征,主要表现如下:1.2.1 大量使用抽象名词轮机英语中广泛使用表示动作或状态的抽象名词,运用这种动词的名词化手段,能有效地简化叙事的层次和结构,减少使用句子和从句的频率,使行文更直接、紧凑和简洁,如:the lubrication of the engine(发动机润滑),the installation of the piston(安装活塞),the solution to the heating problem(发热问题的解决方法),the transmission of the signal(信号的传送),the operation of the main engine(主机的操作)等等.1.2.2 广泛采用名词连用形式在轮机英语名词性专业术语中,有很多是由两个或两个以上的名词构成,而中心意思以最后一个名词为主,前面的名词对后面的名词起修饰和限定作用,例如:the gas transfer velocity(废气的排出速度),the temperature control valve(温度控制阀),oil scraper ring(刮油环),propeller blade(叶桨),crankcase explosion relief valve(曲轴箱防爆门),hand capacity control valve(手动能量控制阀),spill valve type fuel injection pump(回油阀式喷油泵),fresh water generator(造水机)等等.名词连用形式可以简化语言结构,使文章言简意赅,这正是轮机英语叙述机械原理、构造、操作、推论所需要的.1.3 语义特点轮机英语名词性专业术语的另一特点是语义特征非常鲜明,具体如下:1.3.1 常用词汇专业化轮机英语中有很大一部分名词性专业术语看起来好像是英语常用词,但实际是轮机英语专业术语,如果没有一定的专业基础,很容易理解错误,如:plus earth(正极接地),minus earth(负极接地),hot wire(火线), kill switch (紧急开关),bank(气缸侧体),boring(镗缸),boss(轮毂),coast side(非工作齿面),endless belt(环形皮带),exciting coil(励磁线圈),field current (磁场电流),leaf spring(钢板弹簧),left-hand crankshaft(左旋曲轴),right-hand crankshaft(右旋曲轴),liner(气缸套),donkey boiler(辅助锅炉),monkey wrench(活动扳手)等等.1.3.2 专业词义明确轮机英语名词性专业术语有明确清晰的意义,因此,熟悉轮机英语的读者能够准确判断其意义,不易造成歧义,如:piston(活塞),cylinder(气缸),crankshaft(曲轴),cam(凸轮), filter(滤器),轴承(bearing),engine block(缸体),power stroke(做功冲程),screw(螺丝),nut(螺母),bolt(螺栓),propeller(螺旋桨),stern tube(尾轴管),expansion valve(膨胀阀)等等.1.3.3 专业词义相对或互补很多船舶机械的运动或操作是相对或相反进行的,为了准确表达这些相对或相反的运动和操作,相应的名词性专业术语就应运而生了,如:connecting rod big end bearing(连杆大端轴承),connecting rod small end bearing(连杆小端轴承);left-hand engine(左旋发动机),right-hand engine(右旋发动机);direct-cooled piston(直接冷却式活塞),indirect-cooled piston(间接冷却式活塞);direct current(直流电),alternating current(交流电);driving gear(主动轮),driven gear (从动轮);variable pitch propeller(变距螺旋桨),fixed pitch propeller(定距螺旋桨);inlet valve(进气阀),outlet valve(排气阀)等等.2 翻译方法的选取按照戴文进的研究,科技英语翻译的基本方法有直译、意译、音译和阐译四种[3].对于翻译轮机英语名词性专业术语,笔者认为应该选用直译、意译、音译、象译,以及这些翻译方法的组合.选择翻译方法的原则应以直译为主,其余为补.2.1 直译直译是最能全面地、直接地完成翻译所承担的任务,达到公认的翻译标准的一种翻译方式[4].以直译方法为主翻译轮机英语名词性专业术语的根据是:首先,轮机英语名词性专业术语结构顺序和汉语结构顺序基本是一致的,这就为直译的应用奠定了基础.其次,轮机英语属于科技英语,科技英语的客观性、精确性和严肃性要求翻译中尽量使用直译.再者,运用直译翻译出来的术语和轮机英语专业术语有良好的对应,可以帮助学习者学习和记忆.因此,只要直译时译文符合汉语语法修辞习惯,就要采取直译,如:water-lubricated bearing(水润滑轴承),vapor-compression cycle(蒸汽压缩循环),automatic hydraulic capacity control device(自动液压能量控制装置),medium pressure lubrication system(中压润滑系统),single-acting plunger oil cylinder(单作用柱塞油缸)等等.2.2 意译当用直译不能解决轮机英语名词性专业术语的翻译问题时,就要考虑采用意译.意译在很大程度上能有效地解决直译所不能解决的翻译问题,特别是当日常词汇用做专业词汇时,更宜采用意译,如:hot wire(火线), kill switch (紧急开关),coast side(非工作齿面),endless belt(环形皮带),leaf spring(钢板弹簧),left-hand crankshaft(左旋曲轴),right-hand crankshaft(右旋曲轴),donkey boiler(辅助锅炉),monkey wrench(活动扳手)等等.2.3 音译加意译有些轮机英语名词性专业术语是把发明者的名字和该发明物复合而成,翻译这些专业术语一般采用音译加意译的办法,通常是用音译翻译出发明者,用意译翻译出发明的物品,如:Hotchkiss drive(霍奇凯斯式传动装置),Redwood viscosimeter(雷乌粘度计),Engler viscosity(恩氏粘度),Roots blower(罗氏鼓风式增压机),Starling engine(斯特林发动机),Rockwell hardness A scale(洛氏A级硬度)等等.2.4 象译加意译象译,顾名思义是“译出形象”.有些轮机英语名词性专业术语的前半部分是表示该物品形状的字母或单词,翻译成汉语时要把这一部分译成表示具体形状的字眼,或保留原来的字母,后半部分则采用意译,采用象译技巧能够使译文简洁、明了、易懂、易记,如:H-beam(工字梁),U-steel(槽钢),V-belt(三角皮带),cross head(十字头),O-ring (O型环),Y-connection(Y型接法)等.3 翻译技巧的应用汉英翻译有很多翻译技巧,结合轮机英语名词性专业术语的特点,笔者认为在汉译时应主要采用转译和增译两种翻译技巧.3.1 转译为了使译文符合汉语习惯,翻译时要防止照搬英语的词类去照译成汉语的对应词类,可以在忠实原文意义的前提下将原文中某些词的词性转换成汉语的其他词性和词义[5].轮机英语中有很多名词性专业术语是由动词派生出来的,这类术语在翻译成汉语时往往要翻译成汉语的动词,才会使译文通顺,符合汉语表达习惯.例1.The capacity of a centrifugal pump can be increased by the installation of a large diameter impeller.译文:安装大口径叶轮可以提高离心泵的排量.例2.The operation of an boiler needs some knowledge of its performance.译文:操作锅炉需要懂得锅炉的一些性能.另外,由于英汉两种语言的达意方式不同,因此在翻译轮机英语名词性专业术语时其含义有时也要转译,主要是把抽象名词的意义转译为所代表的具体事物.例3.The emission from the main engine is a great source of pollution. “emission”的原义是“光、热等的散发,发射,喷射”,此处应翻译成具体的排放物“尾气”.译文:主机尾气是一个重要污染源.3.2 增译所谓增译,就是在汉译时在原文的基础上增补一些在修辞上、语法结构上、语义上或语气上必不可少的词,从而使译文符合汉语的表达习惯,达到译文与原文在内容、形式和精神方面对等的目的.这里的增加不是随心所欲的添加,而是增加原文中虽无其词但有其意的词语[6].在对轮机英语名词性专业术语的翻译中,以下三类名词性专业术语需采取增译方法.3.2.1 汉译复数名词术语引起的增译英语名词的复数一般通过其复数形式表示,而汉语则靠加数词或其它词的方式表示.因此汉译时应增译某些表示复数的汉语词汇,如:“许多”、“若干”、“一些”、“有些”等.特别是当原文中的复数具有不可忽视的词义,若不译出会造成误解或语义不全时,更应如此.例4.A two ram hydraulic gear consists of a hydraulic ram situated on the port side of the tiller and another ram on the starboard side, linked at their outer ends to the tiller arm by a crosshead and swivel block, the other ends of the rams working inside their own hydraulic cylinders and pipes connect these cylinders to a hydraulic pump.译文:双撞杆液压操舵装置由位于舵柄左侧的液压撞杆和位于舵柄右侧的另一撞杆组成,两撞杆外端由十字头和旋转块连接到舵柄,两撞杆的另一端分别在它们自己的液压油缸内工作,再由油管将这些油缸和液压泵相连接.例5. The cylinders will be lifted soon.译文:这些汽缸将很快被吊出.3.2.2 汉译抽象名词术语时引起的增译轮机英语中有许多抽象名词术语,这些名词若直译,不能给予具体明确的含义.因此,汉译时要添加“情况、作用、现象、装置、方法、物品”等词语.例6.Diesel dope is a multi-functional fuel treatment containing combustion catalysts and ash modifiers.译文:柴油机助燃剂是一种多功能燃油处理剂,含有燃烧催化剂和灰分调节剂.例7.Elimination to the mechanical problem of the steering gear has not been found.译文:还没有找到舵机机械故障的排除方法.3.2.3 汉译描述设备工作特征的名词性专业术语时引起的增译轮机英语名词性专业术语中有很多是关于机器设备和装置的,这些设备和装置有各自不同的工作特征,对这类术语的翻译要采用增译法才能准确表达其真正内涵,如:opposed piston engine(对置活塞式发动机),pneumatic hair humidity controller(毛发式气动湿度控制器),heat-pump air conditioner(热泵式空调器),top ventilator(顶式布风器)等等.4 结束语轮机英语名词性专业术语的特点绝不仅限于此,而翻译方法和技巧更是变化多端.限于篇幅,在此不再一一赘述.笔者选取轮机英语中的名词性专业术语进行分析和探讨,旨在以此为突破口,以小见大,为轮机英语的学习和翻译研究工作提供借鉴.参考文献:[1] 万本华等.英语科技术语的构词特点及其翻译[J].攀枝花学院学报,2008(2):97-99.[2] 张文果等.论英语缩略语的翻译[J].四川理工学院学报,2007(4):99-104.[3] 戴文进.科技英语翻译理论与技巧[M].上海:上海外语教育出版社,2003:25-28.[4] 许建平.英汉互译实践与技巧[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2004:8-9.[5] 朱江.英译汉中词类转译的技巧[J].长春理工大学学报,2004(12):46-47.[6] 李银芳.科技英语增译原则[J].中国科技翻译,2007(5):19-21.。
轮机部分Ⅰ.主机提交过程用语:(for Main Engine)1、请验收轴系找中。
Please check the alignment of the shafting.2、请验收主机对中。
Please check the alignment of M/E.3、请验收主机曲轴拐档(甩档) Please check and accept the crankshaft deflection.4、主机联结(贯穿)螺栓测力验收 Approval of force measurement of M.E. through bolts.5、紧拂螺栓安装验收。
Approval of the installation of fitted bolts.6、紧拂螺栓孔验收。
Approval of the fitted bolt holes.7、中间轴测力验收 Approval of force measurement of intermediate shaft.8、中间轴承间隙验收 Approval of intermediate bearing clearance.9、主机找中不好 The alignment of M/E is incorrect.10、轴系找中不好 The alignment of shafting is incorrect.11、曲轴拐档超差 The crankshaft deflection is over the allowance.12、请调整到范围内 Please make an adjustment.13、主机爆压 Explosive Pressure on M/E.14、主机轴马力 The BHP( brake horse power ) of M/E15、主机扭力 The torsional force of M/E.16、主机旁撑 M.E. side support.17、主机尾撑 M.E. stern support18、主机拉撑 M.E. fastening support19、起动主机 Start main engine20、起动反向 Start M/E reversely21、排温高(低) Exhaust temperature is too high (low).22、爆压高(低) Explosive pressure on M/E is too high(low).23、冷却水温度高(低) The temperature of the cooling water is too high (low).24、启动空气压力低 The pressure of starting air is too low.25、滑油压力低 The pressure of lub oil is too low.26、扫气压力低 The pressure o scanvage air is too low.27、增压器转速低 The rpm of turbocharger is too low.28、开启(关闭)主启动阀 Start (Stop) the main starting valve.29、启动(关闭)主滑油泵 Start (Stop) the main L.O. pump.30、启动辅助鼓风机 Start the auxiliary (anx.) blower.31、启动主海水冷却泵 Start the main sea water cooling pump.32、主机暖机 Preheat the M/E cylinder.33、循环滑油预热 Preheat the L.O. circulating pump.34、启动(关闭)燃油循环泵 Start (Stop) the F.O. circulating pump.35、启动(关闭)燃油供给泵 Start (Stop) the F.O. supply pump.36、燃油压力高(低) The pressure of F.O. is high (low).37、燃油调压阀失灵 The F.O. pressure adjusting valve doesn’t work.38、轻油转重油 Change from light oil to heavy oil.39、主机启动(反向)试验 M/E starting (reversing) test.40、应急停车试验 Test of emergency stop.41、集控室操纵 The engine control room control (the control from the control room)42、机旁操纵 Local control43、桥楼遥控操纵 The remote control from the bridge.44、主机飞车保护试验 Protection test of M/E flywheel trip.45、淡水高温停车试验 Shut-down test of F/W. high temp.46、滑油低压停车试验 Shut-down test of L.O. low press.47、高压油泵齿条格数 Tooth sector of high pressure oil pump.48、喷油提前角太大(小) The advance angle is too large (small).49、喷油嘴雾化不良 The atomization of nozzle is too poor.50、喷油嘴压力太高(低) The pressure of nozzle is too high (low).51、喷油嘴漏油 The nozzle leakage.52、盘车装置离合保护试验 The protection test of turning gear clutch.53、调速器有故障 The governor has failed.54、液压链条压紧装置 Hydraulic chain tightener.55、缸头启动阀 The cylinder cover starting valve.56、缸头启动阀发烫 The cylinder cover starting valve is too hot.57、缸头启动阀漏气 The cylinder cover starting valve leakage.58、气缸油单向阀漏 The cylinder oil one-way valve leakage.59、气缸油单向阀装反 The cylinder oil one-way valve is fitted reversely.60、气缸油进油过多(少) The inlet cylinder oil is too much (little).61、拉缸 Cylinder score62、咬缸 Cylinder seizing63、敲缸 Cylinder knocking64、燃烧不良 Poor combustion65、排气中有水份 The exhaust gas is with water vapour.66、排气冒黑烟(呈淡蓝色) The exhaust gas is black(light blue).67、排气管振动(漏烟) Exhaust pipe vibration (leakage).68、排气管增加支架 Attached bracket of exhaust pipe.69、排气管支架螺丝未扳紧 The bracket of exhaust pipe.70、冷却水管漏水 The cooling water pipe leakage.71、滑油管漏油 L.O pipe leakage.72、油底壳(循环滑油舱 / 主机内部)不干净The Oil pan(The circulating L.O. tank / The inside of M/E )is not clean.73、主机出油点不畅 The M/E oil outlets are blocked.74、主机内部螺丝保险未装好 The safety of inner screw of M/E is not fitted properly.75、主机贯穿螺丝泵紧提交 M.E. through bolt submission.76、主机底脚紧固螺丝提交 M.E bottom fastening bolt submission.77、滑油(燃油)自清滤器不动作 The L.O. (F.O.) filter doesn’t work.Ⅱ发电机提交过程用语:(for diesel engine generator)1、主发电机内部清洗提交 The cleanness inside the main generator to be confirmed.2、主发电机曲拐挡提交 The main generator crankshaft deflection to be confirmed.3、主发电机安装提交 The installation of main generator to be confirmed.4、飞车保护提交 The protection of flywheel trip to be confirmed.5、滑油低压停车提交 The auto-stop function of L.O. low pressure to be confirmed.6、淡水高温停车提交 The auto-shop function of F.W. high temperature to be confirmed.7、主发电机负载试验 The load test of main generator.8、100%负载试验 100% load test of generator.9、调速器突加/突卸试验 Instant load/ unload test of governor.10、100%到50%突卸试验 100% to 50% instant unload test.11、50%到零突卸试验 50% to nil instant unload test.12、零到100%突加试验 Nil to 50% instant load test.13、主发电机并电试验 The parallel test of generators.14、测量热拐挡(外压) The measurement of thermal deflection (exterior pressure).15、应急发电机负荷试验 The load test of emergency generator.16、应急发电机飞车保护试验 The protection test of flywheel trip of emergency generator.17、应急发电机淡水高温停车试验 The auto-stop test of emergency generator F.W. high-temp.18、应急发电机滑油低压停车试验 The auto-stop test of emergency generator L.O. low-press.19、应急发电机调速突加突卸试验 The instant load & unload test of emergency generator governor.20、应急发电机合主发电机联锁试验 The parallel of emergency and main generators.Ⅲ空压机合空气系统提交用语(for air compressor and air system)1、空压机垫片提交 The air compressor washer to be confirmed.2、空压机找中提交 The alignment of air compressor to be confirmed.3、淡水高温报警试验 Alarm test of F.W. high temperature.4、滑油低压报警试验 Alarm test of L.O. low pressure.5、安全阀提交 The safety valve to be submitted.6、空压机冲气试验 The filling test of air compressor.7、空压机高压(低压)自动停车试验 High-pressure (Low- pressure) auto-stop test of aircompressor.8、主空气瓶密性提交 Gas tightness submission of main air reservoir.9、主空气瓶安全阀提交 The main air reservoir safety valve to be submitted10、控制空气减压阀试验 Test of control air pressure-reducing valve.11、控制空气瓶密性试验 Gas tightness test of control air reservoir.12、控制空气瓶安全阀试验 The safety valve test of control air bottle.13、干燥器效用试验 The effect test of dehumidifier.14、日用空气减压阀试验 The test of service air pressure-reducing valve.15、日用空气瓶密性试验 The gas tightness test of service air reservoir.16、日用空气安全阀提交 The safety valve of service air reservoir to be confirmed.17、副空气瓶密性试验 The gas tightness test of aux. air reservoir.18、副空气瓶安全阀提交 The aux. air bottle safety valve to be submitted.19、应急空压机安全阀试验 The safety valve test of emergency air compressor.20、应急空压机冲气试验 The filling test of emergency air compressor.Ⅳ. 锅炉提交用语:(for boiler)1、主锅炉密性试验 The tightness test of main boiler.2、制炉 Boiler pickling(浸酸,酸洗).3、炉内清洁提交 The inside cleanness to be checked.4、锅炉给水泵运转提交 The running test of boiler water-feed pump.5、给水泵真空(自动转换)试验 The vacuum test(the auto-shifting test)of water-feed pump.6、自动给水提交 The auto water-feed system to be confirmed.7、锅炉燃油泵安全阀提交 The safety valve of boiler F.O. pump to be submitted.8、锅炉燃油真空试验 The vacuum test of boiler F.O. pump.9、锅炉燃油泵自动转换试验 The auto-shifting test of boiler F.O. pump.10、锅炉安全阀提交 The boiler safety valve to be confirmed.11、锅炉蒸发量试验 The test of boiler evaporation.12、锅炉自动化试验 The automation test of boiler.Ⅴ.轴舵系提交过程用语(for shafting and steering gear system)1、请检验照光靶 Please check the lighting target.2、请检验轴系照光(舵系)对中 Please check the alignment of shafting(steering gearsystem).3、请检验轴孔加工圆 Please check the shaft hole.4、请检验搪孔尺寸(光洁度) Please check the boring size(cleanness).5、艉轴管衬套压紧验收。
轮机英语(精编文档)一、轮机英语基础知识1. 轮机专业词汇(1)主机(Main Engine)(2)辅机(Auxiliary Engine)(3)冷却水(Cooling Water)(4)滑油(Lubricating Oil)(5)燃油(Fuel Oil)(6)螺旋桨(Propeller)(7)轴承(Bearing)(8)齿轮(Gear)(9)涡轮增压器(Turbocharger)2. 轮机英语常用句型(1)The main engine is running smoothly.(主机运行平稳。
)(2)Please check the cooling water temperature.(请检查冷却水温度。
)(3)The lubricating oil level is too low.(滑油液位过低。
)(4)We need to replace the fuel filter.(我们需要更换燃油滤清器。
)(5)The propeller is damaged and needs repair.(螺旋桨损坏,需要修理。
)3. 轮机英语阅读材料(1)船舶柴油机说明书(2)轮机维护保养手册(3)轮机故障分析与处理案例(4)国际海事组织(IMO)相关法规二、轮机英语沟通技巧1. 听力训练(1)多听英语广播、新闻和轮机相关讲座。
(2)观看轮机英语教学视频,学习专业词汇和句型。
(3)在船上实习时,积极参与轮机部门的日常工作,提高实际听力水平。
2. 口语表达(1)模仿英语发音,练习标准发音。
(2)参加英语角或轮机英语培训班,与同学进行交流。
(3)在船上实习时,大胆与外籍船员交流,提高口语水平。
3. 书面表达(2)阅读并分析轮机英语范文,掌握写作技巧。
三、轮机英语实际应用场景1. 船上日常沟通(1)交接班时,向同事详细描述设备运行状况和需要注意的问题。
(2)在紧急情况下,准确传达指令,如:“Emergency stop! Close the fuel valve immediately!”(紧急停止!立即关闭燃油阀!)(3)与船长、大副等高级船员讨论船舶维护和修理计划。
《轮机英语》课程标准一、课程信息考试考查□是是二、课程性质与作用《轮机英语》是轮机工程技术专业的一门重要的专业技术课程,旨在为学生掌握必需的专业语言技能、适应日后工作奠定坚实的理论和实践基础。
通过本课程的学习,使学生初步具备五个方面的能力:船舶主推进装置专业语言技能、船舶辅机专业语言技能;船舶电气及自动化专业语言技能;船舶管理及国际公约语言技能。
结合课程教学,培养学生的语言能力以及学习新技术的能力。
本课程在培养高素质技能型轮机工程技术人才方面起着综合提高的作用,对学生的职业能力培养和职业素养的养成起着支撑或促进作用。
本门课程作为船舶轮机员(三管轮)的适任考证课程,其前导课程是《船舶柴油机》、《船舶辅机》、《船舶电气及自动化》、《船舶管理》等专业课程。
表2 课程功能定位分析通过本课程的学习,能使学生进一步增强民族复兴责任感和自豪感,增强爱国、爱党的意识;树立社会主义核心价值观;弘扬精益求精的工匠精神,增强对国家海洋强国战略的使命感;为我国的航运强国以及一带一路的战略实施尽到自己的职责。
并养成较强的集体意识和团队合作精神,能够进行有效的人际沟通和交流,具有较强的专业创新能力和素养,为日后适任工作岗位、进一步学习和研究打下良好的基础。
四、课程目标本课程通过大量远洋、海运公司的第一线专业调研和专家、学者和教师组成的专家队伍论证,形成从专业定位、课程内容组织、教学活动设计到课程体系构建链条。
即:贯彻以职业生涯发展为目标——明确专业定位,以职业能力为依据——组织课程内容,以船舶机舱设备自动控制的真实场景为载体——设计教学活动,以职业技能鉴定为参照——强化技能训练,以工作任务为线索——构建基于工作过程的课程体系。
本课程的任务是在公共英语和轮机基础英语教学的基础上,巩固、扩大学生的英语基础,培养学生阅读和翻译简明轮机英语出版物和有关技术资料的能力和书写与本专业有关的简短文书的能力,使学生能以英语为工具,进行业务交流,在理论上达到STCW公约中规定的管理级船员应具备的英语水平,在实践技能上达到操作级船员应具备的英语水平。
船舶轮机英语集成第 1 页船舶英语27.压缩环(气环) Compression ring目录28.刮油环(油环) Oil scraper ring一.职位及工种一.职位及工种(Titles and type of work) 29.减磨令Wear ring (copper ring)(Titles and type of work) ·····1 1.船长Captain 30.伸缩管(水拉管) Telescopic pipe二、柴油机类2.大副Chief officer 31.活塞冷却空间Piston cooling space(Words about diesel engine) ·····3 3.二副Second officer 32.填料箱(函) Stuffing box三、船舶机械类4.三副Third officer 33.填料箱密封环Sealing ring for Stuffing(Words about marine machinery) ··11 5.四副Fourth officer box四、阀门(Words about valve) ····14 6.水手长Boatswain 34.填料箱压缩环Pressure ring for Stuffing五、泵类(Words about pump) ··········16 7.水手Sailor & Seaman box六、甲板机械类(Deck machinery)······18 8.木匠Carpenter 35.填料箱刮油环Scraper ring for Stuffing七、工具类(Word about tools) ········20 9.轮机长Chief engineer box八、常用物料(Material in common use) 26 10.大管轮Second engineer 36.扫气箱Scavenging receiver九、常用紧固件11.二管轮Third engineer 37.扫气口Scavenging port(Part of fixation in common use) ···28 12.三管轮Fourth engineer 38.排气口Exhaust port十、常用油类(Oil in common use) ·····28 13.机匠长Chief motorman 39.十字头Cross head十一、常用量词15.机匠Fitter 40.十字头销Crosshead pin(Quantifier in common use) ·········29 16.加油工Oil man 41.十字头轴承Crosshead bearing十二、国家名称(Name of country) 。
30 17.大电Chief electrician 42.十字头滑块Crosshead slipper十三、常用缩语18.电工Electrician 43.滑块Guide shoe(abbreviation in common use) ·····31 19.车间主任Workshop director 44.十字头导板Crosshead guide plate20.工长Section chief 45.连杆Connecting rod十四、船用动态常用单词(marine tends word) 432 21.班长Fore man 46.连杆大端轴承Bid end bearing十五、船舶机电设备操作词汇22.钳工Fitter 47.连杆小端轴承Small end bearing(manipulate of marine equipment) ·33 23.主管工程师Engineer in charge 48.曲柄轴承Crank bearing十六、故障常用单词24 .机务& 船东Superintendent &Super 49.曲柄销Crank pin(words about malfunction) ·····35 &Owner 50.曲轴Crank shaft十七、保养检修常用词汇25.助理工程师Assistant engineer 51.曲轴颈Crank journal(Words about maintain and examination) 38 26.验船师(机)Register 52.曲柄臂Crank web十八、常用数字(Numeral in common use) 40 27.验船师(船)Surveyor 53.拐档差Crank deflection十九、时间、季节与方向28.油漆工Painter 54.主轴承Main bearing(Time、Season and Direction) ·····42 29.焊工Welder 55.主轴颈Main journal二十常用词组(Phrases in common use)·45 30.大橱Chief cook 56.轴承瓦Bearing bush二十一、常用动词和例句31.物料员Store keeper 57.上轴瓦Upper bearing bush(Verb in common use and example) ····48 32.加油工Oiler 58.上轴瓦Upperhalf二十二、问候和常用表达语33.机工Mechanic 59.下轴瓦Lower bearing bush(Greeting and common expression) ····67 34.甲板员Deck man 60.下轴瓦Lower half二十三、主机提交过程用语35.电线工Wireman 61.推力轴承Thrust bearing(Delivery expressions for main engine) 68 36.外包工Laborer 62.推力块Thrust pad二十四、空压机和空气系统用语37.铸工Molder 63.推力盘Thrust disc(Air compressor and Air system) ····75 38.管子工Pipe fitter 64.推力轴Thrust shaft二十五、锅炉提交用语39.起重工Crane operator 65.底座Bed plate(Delivery expressions for boiler) ···77 二、柴油机类(Words about diesel engine) 66.机架Frame二十六、锚绞车提交过程用语(Delivery 1.主机Main engine 67.曲柄箱Crank caseexpressions for anchor windlass) 79 2.二冲程柴油机Two-stroke diesel engine 68.曲柄箱导门Crank case door二十七、舵机提交过程用语3.四冲程柴油机Fore-stroke diesel engine 69 .曲柄箱防爆门Explosion-proof Crank(Steering gear delivering) ···87 4.高速柴油机High speed diesel engine case.二十八、付机提交过程用语 5 .中速柴油机Middle speed diesel 70.定时齿轮Timing gear(Delivery expression for A/E)·····91 engine 71.飞轮Flying wheel二十九、救生艇提交过程用语6.低速柴油机Low speed diesel engine 72.凸轮Cam(Delivery expressions for lifeboat) ··92 7.气缸盖(缸头) Cylinder head 73.凸轮轴Cam shaft三十、其他提交项目8.安全阀Safety valve 74.喷油凸轮Fuel injection cam(Delivery expressions for other items) 9.释放阀Relief valve 75.链条Chain···95 10.示功阀Indicator valve 76.链条轮Chain wheel三十一、甲板机械系泊试验11.示功考克Indicator cock 77.链条箱Chain box(Mooring test for deck machinery) 12.空气起动阀Air starting valve 78.推杆Push rod········96 13.起动空气分配器Air starting distributor 79.摇臂Rocker arm三十二、机舱设备系泊试验14.油头(燃油喷射器) Fuel injector 80.排气阀Exhaust valve(Mooring test for the equipment in E/R) 15.排气阀Exhaust valve 81.吸气阀Suction valve···98 16.气缸套Cylinder liner 82.排气总管Exhaust manifold三十三、谈论故障常用语17.冷却水套Cooling water jacket 83.进气总管Air inlet manifold(Expressions for trouble)············100 18.气缸注油器Cylinder lubricator 84.高压燃油管High pressure fuel pipe三十四、谈论检修常用语19.活塞Piston 85.活塞冷却水管Piston cooling water pipe(Expressions for overhaul) ············101 20.活塞头Piston crown 86.法兰Flange三十五、谈论试验和检验21.活塞裙Piston skirt 87.贯穿螺栓Tie bolt (tie rod)(Talking about test & check) 22.活塞销Piston gudgeon pin 88.端盖Side cover···········103 24.活塞杆Piston rod 89.滑油泵Lubricating oil pump三十六、谈论技术要求25.活塞环Piston ring 90.燃油泵Fuel oil pump(Talking about technology required) ···105 26.活塞环槽Piston ring groove 91.滑油泵齿轮Gear for lubricating oil中国船员招聘网----------------------- 页面2-----------------------中国海员之家网站航海英语系列船舶轮机英语集成第 2 页pump 158.贯穿螺栓Arrangement of stay92.燃油泵齿轮Gear for fuel oil pump bolt 四、阀门(Words about valve) 93.叶轮Impeller 159.示功器驱动装置Indicator driver 1.吸气阀Suction valve 94.柱塞Plunger 160.端罩End shields 2.排气阀Exhaust valve 95.导杆Guide rod 161.气缸架Cylinder frame 3.控制阀Control valve 96.导套Sleeve 162.气阀传动装置V alve operating device 4.导阀Pilot valve 97.滚动轴承Ball bearing 163.摇臂润滑油泵Rocker arm lubricating 5.单向阀Non-return valve 98.滑动轴承Sliding bearing oil pump 6.口琴阀Flap valve99.推力滚动轴承Thrust ball bearing 164.摇臂润滑油柜Rocker arm lubricating 7.调节阀Regulating valve 100 .推力面Thrust surface (thrust tank 8.液压阀Hydraulic valve side) 165.摇臂润滑滤器Rocker arm lubricating 9.膨胀阀Expansion valve 101.盘车机Turning gear filter 10.给水阀Feed valve 102.增压器Turbocharger 11.排水阀Discharge valve 103.涡轮机(透平) Turbine 三、船舶机械类(Words about marine 12.截止阀Stop valve 104.涡轮Turbine wheel machinery) 13.吹泄阀Blow-off valve 105.涡轮叶片Turbine blade 1.船用锅炉Marine boiler 14.空气阀Air valve 106.喷嘴Nozzle 2.废气锅炉Exhaust boiler 15.泄放阀Drain valve 107.废气叶轮Exhaust impeller 3.辅锅炉Donkey boiler 16.止回阀Check valve 108.废气叶轮片Exhaust blade 4.组合式锅炉Combined boiler 17.海底阀Sea valve 109.废气端Exhaust side 5.火管Fire tube 18.回流阀Retune valve 110.透平端Turbine side 6.给水管Feed pipe 19.节流阀Throttle valve 111.转子轴Rotor shaft 7.炉膛Furnace 20.进气阀Inlet valve 112.油泵L.O.pump 8.炉墙Furnace wall 21.出气阀Outlet valve 113.换向装置Reversing device 9.火侧Fire side 22.热力阀Thermal valve 114.换向伺服期Reversing servomotor 10.水侧Water side 23.中央阀Center valve 115.压气机(鼓风机) Blower 11.燃烧器Oil burner 24.单向阀One way valve 116.膨胀接Expansion joint 12.安全阀Safety valve 25.二通阀Two way valve 117.调速器governor 13.上排污Upper drain 26.三通阀Triple valve118.飞重Flying weight 14.下排污Lower drain 27.旁通阀By-pass valve119.补偿阀Compensate valve 15.锅炉皮阀Mounting valve 28.换向阀Change-over valve120.针阀Needle valve 16.水位计Water level gauge 29.减压阀Pressure-reducing valve121.开口销Cotter pin 17.压力表Pressure gauge 30.溢流阀Overflow valve 122.轴封Shaft seal 18.主汽门Main steam valve 31.自闭阀Self-locking valve 123.机械密封Machinery seal 19.玻璃管Glass tube 32.针阀Needle valve 124.配电盘Switchboard 20.空调装置Air-conditioning plant 33.平衡阀Balance valve 125.应急配电盘Emergency switchboard 21.制冷装置Refrigerating plant 34.循环阀Circulation valve 126.应急发电机Emergency generator 22.冰机Fridge. Machine 35.主阀Main valve 127.滤器Filter 23.空气压缩机Air compressor 36.滑阀Slide valve 128.细滤器Filter 24.造水机Fresh water generator 37.蝶阀Butter-fly valve 129.粗滤器Strainer 25.板式冷却器Plate type cooler 38.截止阀Shut-off valve 130.滑油滤器L.O. filter 26.机舱天车Engine room crane 39.闸板阀Gate valve 131.燃油滤器 F.O. filter 27.天车导轨Crane rail 40.通海阀Sea suction valve132.空气消音器Air intake silencer 28.电磁阀Solenoid valve 41.吹除阀Sea chest cleaning valve132.空气滤器Air intake filter 29.舵机Steering gear 42.防浪阀Storm valve 133.空气瓶Air bottle (receiver) 30.舵承Rudder bearing carrier 43.舱壁阀Bulkhead valve134.分油机Separator 31.液压缸Hydraulic cylinder 44.快关阀Emergency shut off valve135.油水分离器Water-oil separator 32.废气涡轮增压器Exhaust gas turbocharger 45.呼吸阀Breather valve 136.净油机Purifier 33.弹簧阀Spring loaded valve137.燃油净化器 F.O. purifier 34.冷凝器Condenser 五、泵类(Words about pump)138.二氧化碳CO2 35.分油器Oil separator 1.电动泵Motor-driven pump139.二氧化碳瓶CO2 bottle 36.轴带发电机Shaft generator 2.柱塞泵Plunger pump 140.正时齿轮Timing gear 37.焚烧炉Oil burner 3.叶片泵Vane pump 141.导向棒装置Guide bar 38.分油机Separator 4.回转泵Rotary pump142.注油器驱动Lubricator driver 39.分离筒Separator bowl 5.齿轮泵Gear pump143.链条张紧装置Chain tightener 40.配水盘装置Paring disc device 6.往复泵Reciprocating pump144.凸轮轴传动轮Chain wheel on cam shaft 41.转数计Revolution counter 7.离心泵Centrifugal pump145.中间链链传动轮Intermediate chain wheel 42.控制阀Control valve 1.电动泵Motor-driven pump146.注油器驱动装置Lubricator drive 43.辅机Auxiliary machinery 2.柱塞泵Plunger pump 147.链条张紧装置Chain tightener 44.制冷装置Refrigerating plant 3.叶片泵Vane pump 148.滚筒导座Roller guide housing 45.海水淡化装置Sea water desalting plant 4.回转泵Rotary pump 149.应急操纵台Emergency console 46.热交换器Heat exchanger 5.齿轮泵Gear pump150.力矩平衡器Moment compensator 47.船用气瓶Marine air bottle 6.往复泵Reciprocating pump151.主启动阀Main starting valve 48.冷风机Cooler unit 7.离心泵Centrifugal pump 152.启动空气分配器Starting air distributor 49.防水风门Fire damper 8.真空泵Vacuum pump 153.喷油器Fuel valve 50.气密挡板Gas tight damper 9.螺杆泵Screw pump 154.扫气系统Scavenge air system 51.排气风机Exhaust fan 10.喷射泵Ejector pump 155.安全帽Safety cap 52.舱室通风机Cabin fan 11.冷却泵Cooling pump156.机座Bed plate 53.机舱通风机Engine room fan 12.淡水泵Fresh water pump157.轴向振动减振器Axial vibration damper 54.应急鼓风机Emergency blower 13.海水泵Sea water pump中国船员招聘网----------------------- 页面3-----------------------中国海员之家网站航海英语系列船舶轮机英语集成第 3 页14.给水泵Feed water pump 11.活络板手Screw spanner 81.插头Electric plug 15.循环泵Circulating pump 12.梅花板手Ring spanner 82.插座Electric socket.16.锅炉给水泵Boiler feed pump 13.呆扳手Open spanner 93.喷砂机Sand blaster outfit17.卫生水泵Sanitary pump 15.套筒板手Socket spanner 94.空气马达Air motor18.压载泵Ballast pump 16.管子钳Pipe spanner 95.油柜清洁器Tank cleaning machine19.舱底泵Bilge pump 17.螺丝刀Screw driver 96 .高压冲水机High pressure hose for20.污水泵Sewage pump 18.钢丝钳Wire pliers hydraulic21.燃油泵Fuel pump 19.尖嘴钳Long nose pliers 97.真空泵Vacuum pump22.高压油泵High pressure pump 20.钢锯Hack saw 98.套筒扳手组Socket wrench set23.底压油泵Low pressure pump 21.剪刀Scissors 99.深头套筒Deep socket wrench24.驳运泵Transfer pump 22.手电筒Torch 100.套筒扳手Box wrench25.增压泵Booster pump 23.扁铲(凿子) Chisel 101.单开口扳手Single open end wrench26.消防泵Fire pump 24.锉刀File 102.双开口扳手Double open end wrench27.通用泵G.S. pump 25.丝攻Thread tap 103.转矩扳手Torque wrench28.旋涡泵Regenerative 26.板牙Thread die 104.电动机扳手Motor wrench29.蜗壳泵V olute pump 27.绞刀Reamer 105.侧剪钳Slide cutting plier30.导叶泵Diffuser pump 28.刮刀Scraper 106.活节钳Combination plier31.单联泵Simplex pump 29.油石Oil stone 107.可调快速扳手Speed wrench32.双联泵Duplex pump 30.拔子(拉马) Puller 108.螺丝起子Screwdriver33.多联泵Multiplex pump 31.沙布Emery cloth 109.偏向螺丝起子Offset screw34.活塞泵Piston pump 32.破布Rag 110.六角螺帽起子组Hexagon nut drivers set35.减摇泵Anti-roll pump 33.卷尺Measuring tape 111.手摇钻Straight hand drill36.总用泵General service pump 34.空心冲Hole punch 112.手工锯Hacksaw frame37.应急消防泵Emergency fire pump 35.样冲Joint punch 113.锯片Hacksaw blade38.扫舱泵Stripping pump 36.油壶Oil gun 114.砂纸Silicon paper39.货油泵Cargo oil pump 37.牛油枪Grease gun 115.手拉葫芦Chain block40.滑油泵Lubricating oil pump 38.手电钻Handle drill 116.高压管High pressure hose39.钻头Drill 117.液压千金顶Hydraulic jack六、甲板机械类(Deck machinery)40.液压千斤Hydraulic jack. 118.锤子Hammer1.锚机Windlass 41.塞尺Feeler gauge 119.平錾Cold chisel2.锚机轴Windlass shaft 42.游标卡尺V ernier caliper 120.活动扳手Adjustable wrench3.刹车带Brake lining 43.外卡尺Outside calipers 121.螺丝刀Screwdriver4.离合器Clutch 44.内卡尺Inside calipers 122.侧剪铗Side cutting hipper5.锚链轮Anchor Chain wheel 45.螺纹量规Screw gauge 123.螺栓剪Cable cutter6.轴承瓦Bearing bush 46.桥规Bridge gauge 124.敲击管钳Rap wrench7.轴承盖Bearing cover 47.电焊机Electrode welding machine 125.砂轮Grinding wheel8.绞揽机Capstan 48.气焊机Gas welding machine 126.老虎钳Utility vise9.系揽绞车Mooring winch 49.电焊钳Electric welding pliers 127.直梯Straight ladder10.卷缆车Reel 50.气割枪Cutting touch 128.踏梯Step ladder11.钢丝绳Wire rope 51.电焊条Electric soldering iron 129.平台推车Platform trunk12.卡环Shackle 52.电工刀Electrician knife 130.搬平车Gas cylinder carrier13.缆绳Mooring rope 53.电笔Test pen 131.给油机Grease lubricator14.滑轮Block 54.剥线钳Wire stripping pliers 132.强力油泵Heavy dutypump oiler15.刹车装置Brake device 55.圆规Compass 133.油壶Oil jag 16.制链器Anchor chain stopper 56.量表Gauge 134.麻花钻Twist drill 17.舱盖滚轮Hatch cover wheel 57.拐档表Crank deflection gauge 135.绞刀Pin reamer 18.舱盖铰链Hatch cover hinge 58.深度规Depth gauge 136.旋转中心钻Rolling center19.液压油缸Hydraulic jack 59.千分表Micrometer gauge 137 .外径测微计Outside micrometer with20.起货机Cargo winch 60.台虎钳Table vice counter21.可令吊Crane 61.柴油Diesel oil 138.六折式尺Six-folding rule22.生活吊Accommodation crane 62.滑油Lubricating oil 139.弹性带尺Convex rule23.吊杆Derrick boom 63.液压油Hydraulic oil 140.不锈钢直尺Stainless steel straight24.桅杆Mast 64.重油Heavy oil rule25.救生艇Lifeboat 65.燃油Fuel oil 141.平面规Surface gauge26.艇架Davit 66.黄油Grease 142.平行直角定规Precision flat try square27.艇机Lifeboat capstan 67.螺栓Bolt 143.温度计Thermometer 28.救生筏Life raft 68.螺帽Nut29.救生衣Life jacket 69.垫片Washer 八、常用物料(Material in common use)七、工具类(Word about tools) 70.研磨沙Grinding sand 1.阀研磨剂valve grinding compound1.车床Lathe 71.研磨膏Grinding paste 2.电焊条steel electrode 2.刨床Planing machine 72.石棉板Asbestos plate 3.气焊条Steel welding wire 3.钻床Drill machine 73.青壳纸Fish paper 4.细钢丝绳Seizing wire4.砂轮机Grinding machine 74.盘根Packing 5.刚焊条Steel welding rod5.磨床Grinder 75.细钢丝Thin steel wire 6.紫铜管Copper tube 6.铣床Milling machine 76.密封圈Rubber seal ring 7.乙炔气瓶Acetylene cylinder7.镗床Boring machine 77.塑料管Plastic pipe 8.木屑Saw dust8.手锤Engineer’s hammer 78.胶皮管Rubber hose 9.水泥Cement 9.冲击板手Impact wrench 79.电灯泡Electric bulb 10.石灰Lime 10.板手Spanner 80.工作灯Working lamp 11.帆布手套Canvas glove中国船员招聘网----------------------- 页面4-----------------------中国海员之家网站航海英语系列船舶轮机英语集成第 4 页12.垫片Gasket. 17.吨Ton 4.清洁Clean 13.氧气瓶Oxygen cylinder 18.磅Pound 5.联接Connect14.抹布Rag 19.加仑Gallon 6.排放压载Deballast15.垫隙片Shim 20.立方Cubic 7.放残水Drain 16.电线Wire 8.卸载Off 17.电缆Electric cylinder 十二、国家名称(Name of country) 9.油漆Paint 18.电池Rag 1.中国China 10.接通Put on19.灯泡Bulb 2.美国American 11.吹灰Soot blown20.胶布Insulating tape 3.日本Japan 12.开始Start 21.插头Plug 4.英国Britain 13.顶端Top 22.插座Socket 5.法国France 14.洗Wash 23.保险丝Fuse 6.德国German 15.吹Blow7.韩国South Korea 16.检查Check 24.不锈钢Stainless steel 8.希腊Greece 17.铲Chip 25.铸铁Cast iron 9.泰国Thailand 18.断开Cut out27.青铜Bronze 11.挪威Norway 20.除垢Descale28.铝合金Aluminium alloy 12.俄罗斯Russia 21.检验Examine 29.橡胶Rubber 13.新加坡Singapore 22.受载On(load)30.石棉Asbestus 14.澳大利亚Australia 23.用泵排出Pump out31.低碳钢Soft steel 15.伊朗Iran 24.调整Set 32.高碳钢High-carbon steel 16.丹麦Denmark 25.停止Stop 33.合金钢Alloy steel 17.加拿大Canada 26.调驳Transfer 34.木材Wood 18.丹麦Denmark 27.加满Top up 35.塑料Plastic 19.芬兰Finland36.球墨铸铁Nodular iron 20.巴基斯坦Pakistan 十六、故障常用单词(words about21.意大利Italy malfunction)九、常用紧固件(Part of fixation in common 十三、常用缩语(abbreviation in common use) 1.失常的Abnormaluse) 1.主机M/E 2.烧坏Burn 1.螺栓Bolt 2.付机A/E 3.堵塞Clog 2.螺丝Screw 3.阀V/V 4.裂缝Crack 3.螺母Nut 4.泵P/P 5.变形Deform 4.方头螺栓Sq head bolt 5.备车St/by 6.毁坏Destroy 5.埋头螺栓Counter sunk head screw 6.完车 F.W.E. 7.磨损Wear6.套筒螺栓Socket head bolt 7.前进三FAHD 8.出故障In trouble7.定位螺栓Set screw 8.微速后退 D.S.Ast 9.敲击Knock8.十字接头Cross 9.前进二H.Ahd 10.松开Loose9.锥形销Taper pin 10.高压H.P. 11.不对中Misalign10.锁紧螺母Lock nut 11.低压L.P. 12.不足的11.六角头螺栓Hex head bolt 12.重油/柴油H.O./D.O. 13.失灵Out of order十、常用油类(Oil in common use) 13.前后F/A 14.过载Overload1.汽油Gas oil 14.左舷P: port 15.过度磨损Over-worn2.煤油Kerosene 15.无人机舱UMS 16.尺寸过大Oversized3.润滑油Lubricating oil 16.自动Auto 17.尺寸过小Under-sized4.汽缸油Cylinder oil 17.气缸Cyl 18.振动Vibrate5.压缩机油Compressor oil 18.燃油柜 19.不平的Uneven6.齿轮油Gear oil 19.滑油柜 20.不准确Inaccurate7.机油Motor oil 20.沉淀柜. 21.全船断电Black out8.凡士林Vaseline 21.排出Disc 22.出故障Fail9.燃油Fuel oil 22.吸入Suct 23.关掉Shut off10.油脂Grease 23.柴油柜 24.弯曲Bend11.柴油Diesel oil 十四、船用动态常用单词(marine tends word) 25.停车Break drown十一、常用量词(Quantifier in common use) 1.停靠Alongside 26.腐蚀Corrode1.件,只,个Piece 2.接近Approach 27.腐蚀的Corrosive2.条,张,片Sheet 3.停泊Berth 28.损坏Damage3.双Pair 4.浮筒Buoy 29.有毛病的Faulty4.套,组,副Set. 5.码头Pier 30.有缺陷的Defective5.盒Box 6.港口Port 31.破裂Fracture7.瓶Bottle 8.航次V oyage 33.漏泄Leak8.米Meter 9.试验Try 34.漏泄的Leaky 9.厘米Centimeter 10.值班Watch 35.融化Melt 10.毫米Millimeter 11.航行Sail 36.噪声Noise 11.公斤Kilogram 37.过热Overheat12.克Gram 十五、船舶机电设备操作词汇38.咬住Seize13.公升Liter (manipulate of marine equipment) 39.紧的Tight 14.平方Square 1.调整Adjust 40.松的Loosen 15.袋Bag 2.压载Ballast 41.发现Find 16.码Yard 3.转换Change over 42.停止Stop中国船员招聘网----------------------- 页面5-----------------------中国海员之家网站航海英语系列船舶轮机英语集成第 5 页43.脏的Dirty 九十Ninety 49.西West 44.油污的greasy 百Hundred 50.南South 45.失效的ineffective 千Thousand 51.北North46.椭圆形的oval 万Ten thousand 52.西北Northwest47.点不着火misfire 百万Million 53.东北Northeast48.接错misjoin 第一First 54.东南Southeast49.放错misplace 第二Second 55.西南Southwest50.老化perish 第三Third 56.世纪51.麻点pit 第四Fourth52.凸起ridge 第五Fifth 二十、常用词组(Phrases in common use)53.划伤score 第六Sixth 1.发现已无法修复found beyond repair4454.拉痕scuff 第七Seventh 2.发现尺寸过大found over-sized第八Eighth 3.发现反应缓慢found slow function十七、保养检修常用词汇第九Ninth 4.发现不正常found out of order(Words about maintain and examination) 第十Tenth 5.发现不合标准found not up to standard1.卡死Blind 第十一Eleventh 6.发现不准确found inaccurate2.用卡钳量Caliper 第十二Twelfth 7.发现失去作用found out of function3.关闭Close 第二十Twentieth 8.发现轧住found seized4.解体Disassemble 9.发现过热found overheated5.安装Fix 十九、时间、季节与方向10.发现过度磨损found excessive wear6.组装Box up (Time、Season and Direction) 11.发现过度磨掉found worn out7.检验Check 1.星期一Monday 12 .发现有一点倾斜found a little bit8.拆卸Dismantle 2.星期二Tuesday inclined9.装配Fit 3.星期三Wednesday 13.发现不正常found abnormal10.紧固Fasten 4.星期四Thursday 14.发现因过热而损坏found destroyed by11.测量Gauge 5.星期五Friday12.安装Install 6.星期六Saturday 15.发现龟裂found chapped13.测量Measure 7.星期日Sunday 16.发现塌陷found collapsed14.打开Open 8.春季Spring 17.发现运转失灵found out of operation15.上油漆Paint 9.夏季Summer 18.发现呈椭圆形found oval16.换新Renew 10.秋季Autumn 19.发现拉痕found scored17.上紧Tighten 11.冬季Winter 20.发现拉毛found scuffed18.洗Wash 12.一月January 21.发现变形found deformed19.涂油脂Grease 13.二月February 22.发现松动found loose20.松开Loosen 14.三月March 23.发现油污found greasy21.加油Oil 15.四月April 24.发现肮脏found dirty22.检修Overhaul 16.五月May 25.发现咬住found stuck23.重新组装Reassemble 17.六月June 26.发现挤压found squeezed24.测取读数Take reading 18.七月July 27.发现弯曲found bent25.拧开螺栓Unbolt 19.八月August 28.发现故障found faulty26.抽出Withdraw 20.九月September 29.发现损坏found damaged21.十月October 30.发现破碎成片found broken to pieces十八、常用数字(Numeral in common use) 22.十一月November 31.发现部分剥离found partly detached一One 23.十二月December 32.发现部分堵塞二Two 24.小时Hour 33.发现剧烈震动found violent vibration三Three 25.分钟Minute 34.发现烧坏found burnt四Four 26.秒Second 35.发现断裂found fractured五Five 27.月Month 36.发现接地found earthed六Six 28.天Day 37.发现敲缸found knocking七Seven 29.夜Night 38.发现溶化found melted away八Eight 30.周Week 39 .发现泄漏found leaking (found九Nine 31.早晨、上午Morning leaky)十Ten 32.下午Afternoon 40.发现冻结found stuck fast by十一Eleven 33.傍晚Evening icing十二Twelve 34.正午Noon 41.发现锈蚀found rusty十三Thirteen 35.今天Today 42.发现失效found ineffective十四Fourteen 36.昨天Yesterday 43.发现故障found out of order十五Fifteen 37.明天Tomorrow 44.发现结霜found frosted十六Sixteen 38.前天The day before yesterday 45.发现丢失found lost十七Seventeen 39.后天The day after tomorrow 46.发现出故障found in trouble40.本周This week 47.发现失灵found out of order十八Eighteen41.上周Last week 48.发现失灵十九Nineteen 42.下周Next week 49.发现不一致found out of operation二十Twenty th43.九月十日Sep.10 50.发现错位found out of place三十Thirty44.去年Last year四十Forty 45.明年Next year 二十一、常用动词和例句五十Fifty 46.上周二Last Tuesday (Verb in common use and example)六十Sixty47.下周一Next Monday 1.借borrow七十Seventy 48.东East 我要向你借这份图纸八十Eighty中国船员招聘网----------------------- 页面6-----------------------中国海员之家网站航海英语系列船舶轮机英语集成第 6 页I want to borrow the drawing from you. 20.裂Examine the water seal to see if there我可以向你借这个手锤吗? 二号缸头裂开穿透至冷却水空间is any leakage around the rubber rings.May I borrow the hammer from you? No.2 cylinder head is cracked. 检查燃油管。