湖南省益阳市箴言中学2014-2015学年高二上学期期末考试(2015年2月) 生物(文) 无答案

益阳市箴言中学2014—2015学年高二3月月考 语文试题 满分150分 时量150分钟 注：请把答案写在答题卷上！ 一、基础知识选择题（每小题3分，共15分） 1、下列各组中加点词语的读音无误的一组是（? ） ? A． 曲肱（gōng） 社稷（jì）? 稽首（jī） 鲜克有终（xiǎn） B． 熊蹯（fán）? 弑君（shì） 信禀（bǐng）? 上下相蒙（mēng） ? C 衮职（gǔn）? 嗾使（sǒu） 忿（zhì） 观其辟丸（pì） ?D． 孝悌（dì）? 舟舆（yú）? 布橐（tuó) 靡不有初（mǐ） 2．下列词语中，没有错别字的一组是( ) A．见素抱朴 微言大义 敏于事而纳于言 B．磬竹难书 水涨船高 无事不登三宝殿 C．气如悬丝 曲意逢迎 解铃还须系铃人 D．克己复礼 原型必露 有过之而无不及 3.下列各句中，加点词语使用正确的一句是( ) ? A．阳春三月，一位老人在杭州西湖岸边展示他高超的拳脚功夫，引来许多行人侧目观赏。

? B．你这样一门不出二门不迈，根本不知道外面的现实，还想着写一本好书，不是闭门造车吗？ C．老王一直热衷于收藏，每当得到心仪的藏品，喜悦的心情总让他如坐春风，夜不成寐。

? D．此前中国航空西南分公司一直与四川航空公司鼎足而立，所占市场份额相差无几。

4、下列有关于儒家经典的相关常识陈述有误的一项是（ ） A．儒家经典“四书”，是《论语》、《孟子》、《中庸》、《大学》这四部著作的总称。

B．传说“四书”分别出于早期儒家的四位代表性人物孔子、孟子、曾参、子思、所以称为《四子书》（也称《四子》），简称为《四书》。

C．“四书”概念最早由南宋大儒朱熹提出，《大学》原为《礼记》中的一篇，是孔子及其门徒留下来的遗书，是儒学的入门读物，朱熹把它列为"四书"之首。

D．儒家的“五经”指《诗》《书》《礼》《乐》《春秋》。

益阳市箴言中学2014—2015学年高二期中考试英语试题Time: 120 minutes Total: 150Part I Listening Comprehension （30 marks）Section A（22．5 marks）Directions: In this section, you' II hear six conversations between two speakers．For each conversation, there are several questions and each question is followed by three choices marked A, B and C．Listen carefully and then choose the best answer for each question．You will hear each conversation TWICE．Conversation 11.Why does the man look upset?A.He doesn’t get on well with his neighbours.B.He can’t go on the trip with his family.C.He can’t take his dog on the trip.2.What will the man do next?A. Watch TVB. Surf the InternetC. Talk with his fatherConversation 23.What does the coach ask the speakers to do?A.Travel to Middle High together.B.Arrive at Middle High on time.C.Go to Middle High by car.4.What are the speakers going to do in Middle High this Saturday?A. Watch a gameB. Have a matchC. Practise for a gameConversation 35.What does the woman persuade the man to do?A.Develop a sense of teamwork.B.Join the basketball team.C.Have a physical check-up.6.What do we know about the man?A.He doesn’t look very healthy.B.He follows the woman’s advice in the end.C.He has fallen down on the basketball court before.Conversation 47.How did the woman get her tea set?A.She picked it up in a supermarket.B.She bought it in a tea house.C.She got it from a friend.8.What does the woman think of the neighbourhood?A. It is noisyB. It is excitingC. It is convenient9. What will the speakers do this afternoon?A. Visit a bookstoreB. Do some exerciseC. Eat in a restaurantConversation 510.What is the weather like in Florida?A. Very coldB. Always rainyC. Changeable11. Where did the woman spend her vacation?A. In the mountainsB. On the beachC. In the forests12. What did the woman enjoy about her vacation?A. The beautiful night sky.B. The comfortable weather.C. The fresh airConversation 613. What advice does Sean give students taking a year out？A. Spare some time for studying.B. Choose work useful for the future job.C. Decide the university course in advance.14. What does Sean think students traveling abroad should do?A. Save a lot of money for the traveling.B. Have a medical examination in advance.C. Do some research on the countries carefully.15. What does Sean say about working abroad?A. It is difficultB. It’s an easy choiceC. It offers better opportunities.Section B （7．5 marks）Directions: In．this section, you will hear a short passage, Listen carefully and then fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard．Fill in each blank with NO MORE THAN THREF, WORDS．You'll hear the short passage TWICE．How to Plan a ScheduleⅠ.Weekdays●Take out eight hours for 16●About six hours for school attendance and about two for 17●Eight hours for 18 , and free timeⅡ.Weekends●Focus on certain 19●20 and spend more time with familiesPart Ⅱ Language Knowledge （45 marks）Section A （15 marks）Directions．．For each of the following unfinished sentences there are four choices marked A,B,C and D．Choose the one that best completes the sentence．23.When the headmaster spoke out his plan，the______of the students in the class ______against it. A．majority；were B．many；were C．many；was D．majority；was24. You are you eat, so if you’re filling yourself with cheeseburgers and hot dogs every day, the chancesare that you will become overweight.A. howB. thatC. whoD. what25. — Was there anything valuable in your missing bag, Madam?— Yes, my purse and keys. Luckily, I the mobile phone.A. had usedB. would useC. was usingD. have been using26. Once a student is caught in the exam, he will be severely punished.A. to be cheatingB. to cheatC. cheatingD. cheated27. My grandparents are fond of chatting with old neighbors in the yard they have time.A. whicheverB. wheneverC. whoeverD. wherever28. The last five years a great improvement in the relationship between the two countries, but there is still a long way to go.A. have seenB. sawC. seesD. had seen29. about a hundred years ago, the old stone bridge is still the only way linking the village to the outside.A. BuildingB. BuiltC. To buildD. Having built30. It’s helpful to put children in a situation they can see themselves differently.A. thatB. whenC. whichD. where31. — Everyone can make a mistake.— Yes, but we should correct it it gets worse.A. whenB. whileC. afterD. before32. from the factory forced him to leave his hometown and seek for job opportunities in other cities.A. His dismissingB. He being dismissedC. He dismissedD. His being dismissed33. in front of the mirror, many females often ask themselves such questions as “Sho uld I lose someweight?” or “How do I look in these clothes?”A. StandB. StandingC. To standD. Having stood34. — I could hardly recognize Mary just now!— Me neither. She so much.A. changesB. is changingC. has changedD. had changed35.________the resistant forces，they declared that they had put army including advanced tanks andfighter-planes________.A．To wipe out；in stock B．Wiping out；in placeC．Having wiped out；in stock D．To wipe out；in placeSection B (18 marks)Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D．Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context．Timmy sold magazines. One day he walked up to a 36that people rarely visited. Timmy 37the door and waited for some time. No one answered. As he was ready to 38, the door was slowly opened. An old man showed up. It was Mr. Black. He asked him for his purpose. Before he answered, Timmy happened to see a dog figure on the desk in the house. “Do you 39dog figures?” Timmy asked. Mr. Black said yes and explained that he had gathered many at home. Timmy felt 40for Mr. Black, as it seemed that he was a very lonely person. “Well, I have a magazine about dogs.” While saying this, Jimmy 41to find it when Mr. Black said 42, “I don’t need any magazines!”Timmy was so sad that he 43not to sell anything that day. He went home and then had a(n) 44. He had a little dog figure that he got from an aunt. It did not mean much to him for he had a real live dog and a large family. He wanted to 45it to Mr. Black.With the dog figure, Timmy went to Mr. Black’s house. Seeing him, Mr. Black said that he didn’t 46 magazines.“I just wanted to bring you a gift.” Timmy handed him the figure and Mr. Black’s face lit up. He 47of the past experiences. No one had ever given him such a gift and shown him so much kindness. He was touched. He started coming out of the house and greeting people.36. A. house B. factory C. school D. company37. A. closed B. kicked on C. opened D. knocked on38. A. come B. stop C. leave D. shout39. A. collect B. sell C. make D. repair40. A. happy B. calm C. nervous D. sorry41. A. tried B. pretended C. continued D. seemed42. A. weakly B. angrily C. gladly D. strangely43. A. refused B. learned C. decided D. realized44. A. idea B. message C. suggestion D. opinion45. A. give B. throw C. mail D. leave46. A. have B. need C. accept D. understand47. A. wrote B. thought C. spoke D. heardSection C（12 marks）Directions: Complete the following passage by filling in each black with one word that best fits the context．The job of a scientist is to find out the truth in the field of science. It is 48 challenging profession. Scientists usually have to do thousands of experiments in order 49 prove something. Although they are often disappointed 50 they fail, most of them never give up. My next door neighbour is a scientist. He studies radiation. He 51 always working in his lab, trying to figure out all the mysteries 52 make him puzzled. When I met him the other day, he had just come back 53 work, looking excited. He told me he had had a breakthrough. He sounded so thrilled. Then I noticed that 54 was wearing shoes that did not match. He must have been working too hard to notice! I think it’s good to do a job that you are interested in. 55 you will get bored easily.Part ⅢReading Comprehension（30 marks）Directions: Read the following three passages．Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements．For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D．Choose the one that fits according to the information given in passage．ADifferent countries have different customs. When you travel to another countries，please follow their customs，just as the saying goes，“.”Very often people who travel to the United States forget to tip. It is usual to tip porters who help carry your bags，taxi drivers and waiters. Waiters expect to get a 15% tip on the cost of your meal. Taxi drivers expect about the same amount.In England，make sure to stand in line even if there are only two of you. It’s important to respect lines there.I t’s a good idea to talk about the weather. It’s a favorite subject of conversation with the British.In Spain，it’s a good idea to have a light meal in the afternoon if someone invites you for dinner. People have dinner very late，and restaurants do not generally open until after 9 pm.In Arab countries，men kiss one another on the cheek. Your host may welcome you with a kiss on both cheeks. It is polite for you to do the same.In Japan，people usually give personal or business cards to each other when they meet for the first time. When a person gives you a card，don’t put it into your pocket right away. The person expects you to read it.Don’t forget to be careful of your body language to express something in conversation. A kind of body language that is acceptable in one culture may be impolite in another.56. When you travel to the USA，you don’t need to tip.A. portersB. waitersC. teachersD. taxi drivers57.The missing sentence in the first paragraph should be“.”A. Love me，love my dogB. He who laughs last laughs bestC. When in Rome, do as the Romans doD. Where there is a will，there is a way58.The underline word “porters” in the passage means .A.搬运工B.清洁工C.接线员D.售票员59. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage ?A. In Spain, People usually have dinner very earlyB. In England, It’s a not polite to talk about the weatherC. In Arab countries, men kiss one another on the cheekD. In Japan you should not read the business card as soon as you get it.60. What，s the best title of the passage ？A. How to TipB. Body LanguageC. When to Have DinnerD. Advice to International TravelersBAfter graduating from college, I worked in Denver. On 22nd December, I was driving to my parents’ home in Missouri for Christmas. I stopped at a gas station(加油站) about 50 miles from Oklahoma City, where I was planning to stop and visit a friend. While I was standing in line at the cash register(收款台), I said hello to an older couple who were also paying for gas.I took off, but had gone only a few miles when black smoke poured from the back of my car. I stopped and wondered what I should do. A car pulled up behind me. It was the couple I had spoken to at the gas station. They said they would take me to my friend’s. We chatted on the way into the city, and when I got out of the car, the husband gave me his business card.I wrote him and his wife a thank-you note for helping me. Soon afterward, I received a Christmas present from them. Their note that came with it said that helping me had made their holidays meaningful.Years later, I drove to a meeting in a nearby town in the morning. In late afternoon I returned to my car and found that I’d left the lights on all day, and the battery(电池) was dead. Then I noticed that the Friendly Ford dealership－a shop selling cars－was right next door. I walked over and found two salesmen in the showroom.“Just how friendly is Friendly Ford?” I asked and explained my trouble. They quickly drove a pickup truck to my car and started it. They would accept no payment, so when I got home, I wrote them a note to say thanks. I received a letter back from one of the salesmen. No one had ever taken the time to write him and say thank you, and it meant a lot, he said.“Thank you”－two powerful words. They’re easy to say and mean so much.61．The author planned to stop at Oklahoma City _______.A．to visit a friend B．to see his parentsC．to pay or the cash register D．to have more gas for his car62．The words “took off ” underlined in Paragraph 2 mean “________”.A．turned off B．moved off C．put up D．set up63．What happened when the author found smoke coming out of his car?A．He had it pulled back to the gas station.B．The couple sent him a business card.C．The couple offered to help him.D．He called his friend for help.64．The battery of the author’s car was dead because _______.A．something went wrong with the lightsB．the meeting lasted a whole dayC．he forgot to turn off the lightsD．he drove too long a distance65．By telling his own experiences, the author tries to show _______.A．how to write a thank-you letterB．how to deal with car problemsC．the kind-heartedness of older peopleD．the importance of expressing thanksCSince the beginning of the year, smog(雾霾) has covered parts of North China. In January, Beijing saw only five days without smog. The ris ing PM2.5 readings terrified many people, and some health experts said that whenever the smog gets serious, hospitals receive more patients suffering acute respiratory (呼吸系统) and heart diseases.Later, news of polluted underground water in some provinces scared people who wondered whether the water they drink is safe.So the need to emphasize environmental protection while developing the economy is heard everywhere.Smog is especially a common concern. As a popular online post said, air may be the only thing that is equal for everyone, despite your income or profession. People with higher incomes are able to drink only bottled spring water and eat only organic food by paying higher prices, but they breathe the same air as everyone else.At a meeting on Monday, many representatives have expressed their concerns about the air quality, too. One talked about his experience in Beijing. “After taking a taxi from the capital airport to my hotel, which took about an hour, I washed my nose and found the inside of my nose was black. We should ask ourselves this question: Why do we want to develop? It's for living a better life. Dirty air is definitely not a better life，” he said.China needs to develop its economy and invest (投资) in high-tech. Every Chinese has a dream to make China stronger. But without blue sky, clean water and safe food, the achievements in the economy will become meaningless. Space technologies are not to be developed for building a base on Mars so that one day all human beings can move to the red planet because they have destroyed Earth.What the public wants is a strong and beautiful China. The great efforts must be made to promote ecological progress and build a beautiful China. The words have shown the central government's determination to address the environment issue.66．The effect of smog doesn't include ________.A．the increase of people's income B．more people suffering diseasesC．the rising of PM2. 5 readings D．patients increased in hospital67．Why has smog become a common concern? ________A．Because people have to pay higher prices.B．Because a popular online-post discussed it.C．Because we have to develop industry.D．Because nobody can avoid it.68．To make China stronger we have to develop economy, but ________.A．we have to sacrifice air as the priceB．the smog is the only by productC．ecological progress can be ignoredD．the dirty air is not what we want69．The underlined word “they” in Paragraph 6 refers to ______.A．space technologies B．other planetsC．human beings D．industrial development70．From the last two paragraphs we can infer t hat ________.A．high-tech can completely solve the problem of pollutionB．we must protect the environment while developing economyC．we can move to Mars after the earth has been destroyedD．space technologies should be developed in a large scalePartⅣWriting （45 marks）Section A（10 marks）Directions: Read the following passage．Fill in the numbered blanks by using the information from the passage．Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer．Kids are loveable. With them around, our lives are brighter and more fun. Also our kids change the atmo sphere of our house. When they’re in the house, it appears that every negative thing seems to disappear, and brighter moments start to appear. If they aren’t around, our life seems dull and boring, which is why we miss them when they’re gone. Yes, kids can change our lives but the question is: what can we offer them in return? As parents, it is our duty and our responsibility to provide our kids with what they need.Then what are the basic n eeds of our kids? Firstly, it’s important to give kids the right foods and nutrition they need. Keep in mind that these foods aren’t just those foods found in stores and other fast food restaurants. Instead, our kids need foods that are rich in nutrients.Secondly, it’s our duty to make sure our kids are safe all the time. We can give our family a good and simple house depending on our money but the important thing is that they feel secure. Our kids will appreciate it very much if we give them their play room or bedroom.The third basic need is clothing, which protects them from harsh weather conditions. They could die from coldness or heat if we don’t consider proper clothing. Education is also one of the important basic needs of our kids, because there is a need for them to know the things around them.However, It isn’t enough to spend all your time working to provide whatever your family need and want, because then you’ll lose time for the family. Just remember to give love and attention to your family no matter how busy you are. Every effort is surely appreciated and loved.Section B（10 marks）Directions: Read the following passage．Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage．Many people run after goals that they hope will make them happy，but happiness is not always the final result. So how does one decide which goals will end in personal happiness and which will not？How do the things in life affect personal happiness?The most important thing is people’s attitud e toward life，which can greatly affect their personal levels of happiness and satisfaction with life.Psychologists have known for some time that optimism is a good way to fight against unhappiness. It’s probably no secret that optimistic people are considered to be much happier people than pessimists. There arespecific characteristic features optimists have (pleasant ways of thinking)，that bring them more success，greater health，increased life satisfaction, and other good things. If you became an optimist，it can mean that you became a very happy person，despite your circumstances，and it can actually bring more things into your life to be happy about. “If you are optimistic and you think life is going to get better，it will become a self-fulfillment predictio n.” says one of the scientists.“Happy people manage to look on the bright side，even if they meet big problems on their way.”Positive psychologists believe that people can learn how to become happy and that everyone can teach themselves to see a half empty glass as half full. All they have to do is to spend time thinking about all the things that have gone right for them，rather than complaining what has gone badly. But people who are depressed usually think and worry about something that went wrong in the past.81．What can affect people’s personal levels of happiness according to the passage? (No more than 5 words) ________________________________________________________________________82．Why are some people depressed according to the study? (No more than 14 words)___________________________________________________________________ 83．How do happy people deal with the big problems in their life? (No more than 8 words) ___________________________________________________________________84．What is the main idea of the passage? (No more than 10 words)___________________________________________________________________Section C (25 marks )Directions: Write an English composition according to the instructions given below.请以下列词语为关键词写一篇短文shy change dare overcome内容：1.自己或他人的一次经历；2.你的感受。

益阳市箴言中学2014年下学期高二期终考试 语文试题 座位号 一、语言文字运用（18分。

每小题3分） 1．下列词语中加点的字，读音全都正确的一组是 A．? 懵懂(měng)? 朱拓（tà）威吓（xià） 璀璨夺目（cuǐ） B．聒噪（guō）?汲取（xī）? 忖度（cǔn） 畏葸（xǐ）生死未卜（bǔ）C．黏液（zhān）?嬉闹（xī）?广袤（mào）? 湮没（yān）浑身解数（xiè）D．栅栏(zhà)?饿莩（piǎo）? 伛偻（gōu）? 鞭笞（chī）锲而不舍（qiè）2.下列各组词语中没有错别字的一项是 A踯躅决择? 燎沉香 ? 哀声叹气 B碣石 寂廖? 吊角楼? 钩心斗角C．弥望 尺牍? 连理枝 ? D．荞木 痼疾? 盆浦口 ? 情礼难容依次填入下列各句横线处的词语，最恰当的一项是 ? ①某些旅行社虽然收费“明码标价”，但遇到老年人报名参团时，却要加收一定费用，这种_______歧视老年人的做法令人愤慨。

? ②很多患者一有炎症就用抗生素，殊不知，这种______抗生素的做法会使病菌逐渐具有免疫力，一旦再次感染将更加难以治疗。

? ③在市场竞争中，我国自主汽车品牌必须以技术为依托，走出山寨阴影，_______形成品牌价值，这样才能找到牢固的立足之地。

? A．公开? 滥用? 从而? B．公然? 滥用? 进而 ? C．公然? 乱用? 从而? D．公开? 乱用? 进而下列选项中没有语病的一项是 ? A．大炮仿佛瞥见了他，根本不屑把身子转过来，就用一种劈斧似的速度向后倒退，朝汉子冲过来。

? B．当上级领导把这项任务交给我们时，我们有一种既光荣又自豪的感觉是无法用语言形容的。

? C．素芭尽管对它们施以的友情并不是一样的，但它们对素芭都相当亲热，都十分依恋。

? D．他们用数字来表明他们的精明能干为乐事，一些毫无意义的空洞的数字使他们陶醉。

湖南省益阳市箴言中学2014-2015学年高二上学期期中考试政治（文科）试题时量：90分钟分值：100分一、选择题：（在下列每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是最符合题目要求的，本大题共30小题，每小题2分，共计60分。

）1．下列属于文化现象的是（）①2013年12月4日，中共中央政治局召开会议分析研究2014年经济工作②第31届夏季奥林匹克运动会将于2016年8月5日至8月21日在巴西里约热内卢举行③2014上海Y3动漫节于2月8～10日在上海光大会展中心举行④2013年12月4日，人民币兑美元汇率中间价报6.13 再创新高A．①② B．②③ C．③④D．①④2．土豪、我的小伙伴们、中国大妈、点赞、女汉子……每一个活色生香的流行语背后，都有一个独特的故事，都是一个独特的世界。

这表明（）A．文化是对社会生活现象的如实反映 B．不断注入时代精神是文化创新的要求C．文化创新有利于促进民族文化的繁荣D．人们在社会实践中创造并享用文化3. 张艺谋团队打造的“印象武隆”在武隆仙女山实景公演。

武隆仙女山著名的风景被演绎得活灵活现，使人们对仙女山的印象更深刻，将带动当地旅游产业蓬勃发展。

这说明（）A．优秀文化能促进经济、社会发展 B．优秀文化能促进人的全面发展C．文化是世界性与民族性的统一 D．经济决定文化4．下图是一个德国人阐释的中国人与德国人表达个人观点的方式，这背后体现的是东、西方文化的差异，对此认识正确的是（）①文化差异是由不同的经济、政治、历史等因素决定的②不同地域的文化相互区别、相互交融③文化对人的影响具有潜移默化、远流长的特点④文化影响人们的思维方式A．①② B．①④ C．②③ D．③④5. 某中学开展名人、名作、名曲“三名”教育，用名曲名言陶冶人，用名人名作引领人，促进教师和学生共同发展。

该校的“三名”活动（）①可以丰富师生的精神世界②能帮助师生塑造健全的人格③必定能促进学生的全面发展④能增强师生的精神力量A．①②③B．②③④C．①③④D．①②④6.农历8月15日，是我国传统佳节中秋节。

湖南省益阳市箴言中学2014-2015学年高二上学期末考试文科化学试题时量： 60分钟总分：100分注意事项：1、答第一卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、座位号、考试科目涂写在答题卡上。

2、每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，不能答在试题上。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再改涂其它答案。

3、可能用到的相对原子质量： H－1 C－12 O－16第一部分选择题（共66分）一、在下列各题的四个选项中，只有一个选项符合题意。

（每小题3分，共66分）1、2014北京马拉松比赛中最热门的话题并非参赛人数、比赛结果，却是“雾霾”。

比赛当天，北京市的空气质量为严重污染级别。

下列物质不计入“空气污染指数”的项目是（）A．二氧化硫 B．二氧化碳C．二氧化氮 D．可吸入颗粒物2、在垃圾分类处理和利用的标志中，图1属于（）A．厨余垃圾标志B．危险废物标志C．可回收物标志D．其他垃圾标志图13、下列变化属于化学变化的是（）A．蒸馏法分离酒精与水B．食物腐烂C．过滤除去水中的泥沙D．分液法分离四氯化碳与水4、理想的原子经济性反应是原料分子中的原子全部转化成所需要的产物，不产生副产物，实现零排放，符合绿色化学的概念。

下列反应类型中完全符合要求的是（）A．分解反应B．置换反应C．复分解反应D．化合反应5．下列化合物中，属于盐的是（）A.COB. MgCl2C.H2SO4D.KOH6、在反应Cu+2 H2SO4(浓) CuSO4+SO2↑+2H2O中，还原剂是（）A.C uB.H2SO4C. CuSO4D.SO27、下列化学用语中，不正确的是（）A.氯离子结构示意图：B.HCl的电子式：C. H2O分子的结构式：H-O-HD.NaOH又名烧碱8、既能与盐酸反应，又能与氢氧化钠溶液反应的物质是（）A．AlCl3B．NaAlO2C．Al(OH)3D．Na2CO39、人体胃酸的主要成分是盐酸。

胃酸可助消化食物，但胃酸过多会损伤胃粘膜，使人感觉不适。

益阳市箴言中学2014年下学期高二期终考试文科地理试题时量：90分钟总分：100分一、单项选择题（2分*30=60分）抚养比是指非劳动力人口数与劳动力人口数之间的比率。

老年抚养比= (65岁以上人口数/15～64岁人口数) ×100%；少年抚养比=(0～14岁少年儿童人口数∕15～64岁人口数)×100%。

“人口红利期”是指随着生育率的下降和总人口中劳动适龄人口比重的上升，形成了一个劳动力资源相对丰富、人口抚养负担相对较轻的时期。

图为我国不同年龄段人口比例随时间变化图，读图完成1～2题1．在最大人口红利期，老年抚养比、少年抚养比大约是A．16.6％，20％B．11.4％，31.4％C．12.7％，22.2％D．25.3％，19.9％2．下列哪些措施，可能使我国人口红利期在一定阶段内适度延长①“单独”二胎政策（一方为独生子女的夫妇可生育两个孩子）②完善养老保障体制③渐进式延迟退休年龄政策④加大青少年教育投入A．①②B．①③C．②③D．①④“中国烟草大王”褚时健，2002年开始在云南哀牢山承包荒地种橙。

本来生活网对哀牢山橙园的介绍：干热的河谷气候，2000小时年日照量，1200毫米年降水量，充足的日照和最佳的温差使甜橙充分积累糖分，达到24:1的黄金酸甜比。

修建20个小水坝，8个蓄水池从国家森林公园石缝中取水灌溉，独创的有机肥，240多人专职修枝剪枝，经过11年辛苦劳作，2012年11月，被称为“褚橙”的“云冠”牌冰糖橙，通过电商平台本来生活网进军北京市场，全程冷链配送，销售异常火爆。

完成3～4题3．2014年11月2日“褚橙”在本来生活网开始火爆预售。

预售褚橙每箱2．5kg，按果径大小分为两类，热血版（L型）76元，理想版（XL型）86元。

褚橙价格高，销售火爆的原因有①生产成本高②机械化水平高③品质好，品牌营销策略好④电商平台，运输成本高A．①②B．①④C．①③D．②④4．物流配送期间，对褚橙物流过程实现全程查询所用到的地理信息技术是A．GPS B．GIS C．RS D．数字地球饱含碳酸氢钙的地下水溢出地表，沿斜坡漫流时，遇到地表凸起部位，水流翻越阻隔流速加快，水体变薄，水中的二氧化碳逸出，在凸起部位发生碳酸钙淀积，形成“边石坝”。

湖南省益阳市箴言中学2014-2015学年高二上学期末考试文科历史试题时量：90分钟总分：100分第Ⅰ卷选择题选择题（本大题共30小题。

每小题2分，共计60分。

在每小题列出的四个选项中，只有一项是最符合题目要求的。

）1.春秋战国时期一思想家认为：“今夫天下之人牧，未有不嗜杀人者也。

如有不嗜杀人者，则天下之民皆引颈而望之矣！诚如是也，民归之，由水之就下，沛然谁能御之？”该思想家的核心观点应是A．清静无为 B．仁政治国 C．兼爱非攻 D．以德治民2.《全球通史》在论述中国诸子百家思想主张时说：“他们认为贵族的存在已不合时宜，要用国家的军事力量予以清除；而人民群众则需被强迫从事生产劳动。

他们把商人和学者看作可有可无或多余的人，因此不可宽容待之。

”下列观点与文中“他们”同属一个派别的是 A．圣人不期修古，不法常可 B.天地不仁，以万物为刍狗 C．君子有三畏：畏天命,畏大人,畏圣人之言 D.自贵且智者为政乎愚且贱者则治3．董仲舒说：“国家将有失败之道，而天乃先出灾害以谴告之。

不知自省，又出怪异以警惧之。

尚不知变，而伤败乃至。

以此见天心之仁爱人君而欲止其乱也。

”这表明董仲舒①宣扬“天人感应”学说②继承了荀子的“天行有常”思想③要求君主施行仁政④认为君主的地位不是神圣不可侵犯的A．①② B．②④ C．①③ D．③④4.英国学者李约瑟在《中国科学技术史》中指出：“儒家思想基本上是重理性的，（它）反对任何迷信以至超自然的宗教。

”对这句话中的“理性”的理解最贴切的是A. 儒家思想始终排斥佛教道教思想B.儒家崇尚理性而讲求民主民权C.儒家重视自然科学和自然规律D.儒家关注人事人伦而敬远鬼神5.朱熹在《漳州劝农文》中说：“请诸父老，常为解说，使后生弟子，知所遵守，去恶从善，取是舍非，爱惜体肤，保守家业。

”在此，朱熹A．教诲后生弟子遵从三纲五常 B. 劝导百姓遵循一种“理性”的社会秩序C．告诫乡亲去恶从善以“慎思明辨” D．灌输以农兴业思想以存“天理”6.有学者认为“16至17世纪的中国，新的经济形态还十分微弱、脆嫩。

湖南省益阳市箴言中学2014-2015学年高二上学期期中考试 地理（理科）时量：60分钟 总分：100分一、单项选择题（3分*20=60分）1、关于我国三大自然区的叙述，错误的是 （ ）A ．东部季风区内部差异的形成以热量为基础B ．西北干旱半干旱区内部差异的形成以水分为基础C ．三大自然区存在内部差异均以热量的变化为基础D ．青藏高寒区的垂直差异主要随海拔的升高而发生变化2、决定我国自然地理环境差异的两个基本因素是（ ）A ．土壤和植被B ．水文和土壤C ．气候和地貌D ．植被和水文3、以下按综合指标划分出来的区域有（ ）A ．自然区B ．干湿地区C ．高原区D ．热带雨林区读图1“七个省级行政单位某种植被面积占全国该种植被面积的比例图”，回答4—5题：4、该植被最有可能是（ ）A ．硬叶林B ．苔原C ．草原D ．针叶林5、该植被分布区最普遍的环境问题是（ ）A ．土地沙化B ．固体废弃物污染C ．酸雨D ．臭氧层破坏6、山西省产生生态环境问题的根源是（ ） A ．露天开采 B ．重化工业为主的产业结构C ．开矿井巷道的建设D ．矿区道路的铺设我国为了改善日益恶化的生态环境，建设了许多防护林体系，其中规模较大的是“三北” 防护林和长江中上游防护林。

据此，回答7—8题：7、“三北”防护林所起的主要的环保功效是（ ）A ．吸烟除尘B ．美化环境C ．防风固沙D ．净化空气8、长江中上游防护林所起的生态作用是（ ）A ．涵养水源、保持水土B ．繁衍物种、维护生物多样性C ．调节气候、稳定大气成分D ．净化空气、吸烟除尘每一个区域都具有特定的地理环境条件，并对区域发展产生深刻的影响。

不同区域由于地理环境的差异，人们的生产、生活的特点有许多不同，区域的发展水平、发展方向等也存在差异。

此据比较长江三角洲和松嫩平原两个区域，回答9~12题。

9、下列各项，不属于长江三角洲和松嫩平原共性的是（ ）A ．都是平原地区B ．都位于我国的东部季风区C ．都位于入海口处D ．土壤都比较肥沃10、有关这两个区域农业生产活动的说法不正确的是（ ）A ．长江三角洲属于水田耕作业，主要种植水稻。

益阳市箴言中学2014年下学期高二期终考试文科物理试题一、本题共20小题，在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一个选项．．．．．．是符合题意的。

（每小题3分，共60分）1.生活中我们常用一些成语来描述物体的运动，下列成语中描述距离的是 A.风驰电掣 B.疾如雷电 C.一箭之遥 D.蜗行牛步2.在力学范围内，国际单位制规定的三个基本量是 A.长度、力、时间 B.速度、力、质量 C.加速度、速度、长度 D.长度、质量、时间3．上图是某辆汽车的速度表. 汽车启动后经过20 s ，速度表的指针指在如图所示的位置. 由表可知A ．此时汽车的瞬时速度是90 km/hB ．此时汽车的瞬时速度是90 m/sC ．启动后20 s 内汽车的平均速度是90 km/hD ．启动后20 s 内汽车的平均速度是90 m/s4．一个质点沿直线运动，其速度图象如图所示. 则质点 A ．在0 ~ 10 s 内做匀速直线运动 B ．在0 ~ 10 s 内做匀加速直线运动 C ．在10 s ~ 40 s 内做匀加速直线运动 D ．在10 s ~ 40 s 内保持静止5．人站在电梯中随电梯一起运动．下列过程中，人处于“超重”状态的是 A ．电梯加速上升 B ．电梯加速下降 C ．电梯匀速上升D ．电梯匀速下降6．一石块从楼顶自由落下. 不计空气阻力，取g = 10 m/s 2. 石块在下落过程中，第1.0s 末速度的大小为A ．5.0 m/sB ．10 m/sC ．15 m/sD ．20 m/s7．如图所示，一个物块在与水平方向成α角的恒力F 作用下，沿水平面向右运动一段v/(ms -1)10距离x. 在此过程中，恒力F 对物块所做的功为A ．αsin FxB ．αcos FxC ．Fxsin αD ．Fxcos α8．“嫦娥一号”探月卫星的质量为m ，当它的速度为v 时，它的动能为A ．mvB ．mv 21C ．mv 2D ．221mv9．在不考虑空气阻力的情况下，下列物体中做平抛运动的是 A ．竖直下落的篮球B ．水平击出的排球C ．斜向上踢出的足球D ．从桌面上弹起的乒乓球10．我国于2010年3月5日成功发射了“遥感卫星九号”，在绕地球运行的过程中，该卫星受到地球引力的大小 A ．只与地球的质量有关B ．只与卫星的质量有关C ．与地球和卫星的质量均有关D ．与地球和卫星的质量均无关11．在电梯加速上升的过程中，站在电梯里的人A ．所受支持力做正功，机械能增加B ．所受支持力做正功，机械能减少C ．所受支持力做负功，机械能增加D ．所受支持力做负功，机械能减少12．真空中有两个静止的点电荷，若保持它们之间的距离不变，而把它们的电荷量都变为原来的2倍，则两电荷间的库仑力将变为原来的A ．2倍B ．4倍C ．8倍D ．16倍13．如图所示，匀强磁场的磁感应强度为B ，通电直导线与磁场方向垂直，导线长度为L ，导线中电流为I. 该导线所受安培力的大小F 是A ．B IL F =B ．IBL F = C ．BIL F = D ．L BI F = 14．某电场的电场线如图所示，电场中的A 、B 两点的场强大小分别为E A 和E B ，由图可知A ．E A ＜EB B ．E A ＝E BC ．E A ＞E BD ．无法比较E A 和E B 的大小15．有a 、b 、c 、d 四个小磁针，分别放置在通电螺线管的附近和内部.当小磁针静止时，小磁针指向如图所示，其中是正确的A ．aB ．bC ．cD ．dBN16．下列家用电器中主要利用了电流热效应的是 A ．电视机 B ．洗衣机 C ．电话机 D ．电饭煲17．面积是S 的矩形导线框，放在磁感应强度为B 的匀强磁场中，当线框平面与磁场方向垂直时，穿过导线框所围面积的磁通量为A ．B S B ．S BC ．BSD ．018．功率相同的下列四种用电器，分别接入家庭电路中，在相同的时间内，通过它们的电流产生的热量最多的是A.电烙铁 B ．电风扇 C.电视机 D ．洗衣机19．关于磁场，以下说法正确的是A.电流在磁场中某点不受磁场力作用，则该点的磁感强度一定为零B.磁场中某点的磁感强度，由公式B=F/IL 可知，它跟F 、I 、L 都有关C.磁场中某点的磁感强度的方向垂直于该点的磁场方向D.磁场中任一点的磁感强度等于磁通密度，即垂直磁感强度方向的单位面积的磁通量20．用遥控器调换电视机频道的过程，实际上就是传感器把光信号转化为电信号的过程。