Unit 4. Inquiry第四章询盘Leading-in Tasks （任务导入）Try to finish the following tasks and predict the objectives and focus of this unit.Task 1.假设你是中国光明国际贸易有限公司（Guangming International Trading Co. Ltd.，联系地址：30 Sichuan Road, Shanghai, China，Tel：86-21- Fax：86-21- E-mail: guangming@）进出口部的经理。
最近，你公司打算从英国伦敦亚瑟父子公司（Messrs. Arthur Grey & Son Co. Ltd.，联系地址：19 Cheapside, London, E.C.2 ，Tel：0044-20- Fax：0044-20-E-mail：mags_ld@）进口100台真空吸尘器（vacuum cleaner）。
现在，请致函该公司向其询盘。
注意信中务必包含以下内容。
1) 我们在广交会（Guangzhou Fair）上得知贵公司以及贵公司的产品。
2) 我方是中国四川省主要的吸尘器经销商。
3) 我方拟购100台V-368号真空吸尘器，如能详报含2%佣金的成本加运费、保险费到伦敦的最低价，将不胜感激。
4) 报盘时，请说明支付条款、最早装运期、包装条款以及折扣等方面的情况。
5) 静候佳音。
Task 2.针对任务1中所拟信函的内容，以亚瑟父子公司出口部经理的身份拟一封回函。
注意该回函中务必包含以下内容。
1) 感谢贵公司的询盘。
2) 很抱歉由于订单甚多，贵方所需型号的产品暂时无法供货。
3) 很遗憾不能满足贵公司的需要，一旦有新货供应，我们将立即与你们接洽。
3) 随函附上本公司其他同类产品的目录及价格表，如有兴趣或者有进一步的需要，务请告知。
4) 希望将来能与贵公司达成交易。
UNIT 11.我们的计算机系统出了毛病，但我觉得问题比较小We have a problem with the computer system, but I think it is fairly minor.2.父亲去世时我还小，不能独立生活。
就在那时，家乡的父老乡亲接过了养育我的责任My father died when I was too young to live on my own. The people of my hometowntook over responsibility for my upbringing at that point.3.这些玩具必须得在达到严格的安全要求后才可以出售给儿童The toys have to meet strict safety requirements before they can be sold to children.4为新闻和舆论的载体，广播和电视补充了而不是替代了报纸Radio and television have supplemented rather than replaced the newspaper as carriers of new and opinion.5.至于这本杂志，它刊载了世界各地许多报纸杂志上文章的摘要When it comes to this magazine, it is a digest of articles from many newspapers and magazines around the world..UNIT 1十年之前，南希做了许许多多美国人梦寐以求的事。
她辞去了经理职位，在邻近地区开了一家家用器材商店。
像南希这样的人作出这种决定主要是出于改善生活质量的愿望。
然而，经营小本生意绝非易事。
在失去稳定的收入后，南希不得不削减日常开支。
有时候她甚至没有钱支付她所需要的种种保险的费用。
有一次她连电话费也付不起，只得向她的父母亲借钱。
铁矿石商务会议口译常用词汇及句型表达Macro注重-paid close attention to坚持实施- steadfastly implement牢牢掌握- kept a firm grasp on一揽子计划-Multi-point plan大范围的产业调整和振兴- wide-ranging industrial adjustment and rejuvenation plans大规模，大范围，大力度，大幅度- Massive, wide-ranging, intensive, substantial远近结合，标本兼治addressing both the short-term needs and the long-term needs, addressing not only the symptoms but also the root cause社会投资和民间投资investment from nongovernmental sources and other private capital---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 钢厂-Steel mills, mills, Steel Producers, Steel Works，Steel factory, Steelmakers矿山- Iron Ore Miners/Producer/Suppliers, mining firms/companies（三大巨头：Top Three Miners）年产能-annual capacity产业重组- industrial consolidation健康良好的财务状况--Strong financial profile/position/strength, statement,(balance sheet)补充库存-restock/replenish stockpiles亏损经营- running/operating on losses/deficit巨额亏损-bleeding a huge amount of money;全行业全面亏损- the whole industry will slip into deficit/is losing money./overall losshuge losses have swept the whole China steel industry.需求没有跟上demand did not keep pace最坏的时刻还没有到来：The worst is still yet to come.市场还未调整到位: the market has not reached the end of a correction心理影响psychological impact取消几乎所有的热轧产品以及部分中厚板、冷热轧窄带和型钢产品的出口退税-Cancelled the export tax rebate for a wide range of steel products/ almost all the hot roll products, certain plates steel, band steel and section steel.销售不畅，积累大量库存，押占巨额资金,钢厂面临着巨大资金链的压力- The sales is slowing and the steel products is piling up in stock. Some mills are now faced with huge pressure of the cashflow. // financially underwater.钢铁工业唯一的出路是钢厂大幅减产But the only salvation for the steel industry is a wide output cut by the mills.停电power outage, power blackout,限产保价- cut back the production to sustain the price.跌破成本线- selling below the cost; below-the cost Sales成本倒挂-降价- Price cuts高炉/设备检修：The maintenance of the blast furnaces/equipment;裁员-downsize/lay off/shed/pare the employees/workers/headcount.倒闭- go bust, go bankruptcy, out of business.去库存- destocking节能减排- Energy-saving and emission-reduction盈亏平衡- break even/ make both ends meet.扭亏为盈-gets out of red and into black;/get rid of the losses开始盈利-turned around the corner/start to make profit触底反弹- bottom out. 小幅上调- Moderate Rebound经济恢复增长- restored economic growth增速-race/ rate of growth宏观调控- macro-control 政府干预- state interference二次探底- double dipping减产20%-running on 80% of the full capacity/cut back 20% of the production银行信贷- bank credit 信贷紧缩- credit crunch严重产能过剩- sever overcapacity释放产能：release the restrained capacity供大于求：oversupply/ glut盲目竞争/扩产- rampant capacity expansion;非法产能- illegal capacity/ private mills without government’s approval for the production.遗留问题- left-over problems;淘汰落后产能- eliminate/phase out/scrap the obsolete/backward/inefficient capacity优化产品结构：optimize the product portfolio/mix推动并购重组- encourage/promote the M & A铁矿石进口资质：iron ore importing qualification国有资产无偿划拨：national asset transferring without compensation;国退民进：State advances and the private sector retreat国企- State-owned Enterprise;据官方统计- on official figures西部大开发- The western development drive/The grand western development program上下游关系相互依存- interdependent攫取暴利- make a tidy/fat/profit 苦苦挣扎：struggling, floundering成本增加不能转嫁到下游最终用户- the cost increase couldn’t be transferred to the downstream. 过高的成本侵蚀利润- the high cost has eroded/eaten up the already slim margin.立足长远- Base on the long term plan携手共度难关- overcome/get through the difficulty hand in hand/together平均/拉低成本：to bring down/ average out the cost推迟出货：detering the shipment优先安排Kumba：Put Kumba on top of the list推迟出货deferring the shipments;例句：1.China's daily crude steel output reached a record of 1.94 million tonnes in February, butdemand didn't keep pace.2.Speculative trade activity was the main reason for the price surge in January, and the markethad not yet reached the end of a correction3.Traders are looking to pick up cargoes diverted/ turned away from Japan following thesuspension of a number of ports and mills in the country4.Demand for ore and coking coal has more downside than upside, given the historical highproduction of steel.5.Spot iron ore prices lost more ground on Tuesday as key indexes fell to more thanthree-month lows on the prospect of thinner Japanese demand after a massive earthquake and tsunami disrupted steel output.6.China should streamline its qualified importers to curb speculative purchases and controlthe inventory of imports at reasonable levels7.Chinese steelmakers, which are depleting their inventories, may restart purchases inmid-April when the stockpile s will have fallen by about half, he said.8.We estimate 15-18 million tonnes of annualised steel production capacity may be affected,given the proximity of the steel mills to the earthquake, which could equate to 20-25 million tonnes per annum (mtpa) of iron ore and 9-10 mtpa of coking coal.9.There is a deep longer-term concern with iron ore as the market is racing towardsoversupply.10.The world's biggest exporters of the iron ore (Rio, BHP and V ale) are leading the way,knowing that when the inevitable price crunch in response to over supply does come, they will still be at the bottom of the global cost curve.11.Chinese steel futures steadied on Wednesday after iron ore indexes fell to two-month lows asmills remained wary of buying more raw material until they see a pickup in demand for their products.12.Platts 62 percent iron ore benchmark fell $1 to $176 a tonne on Tuesday, extending its losingstreak to a 14th consecutive day.13.As steel prices fell in China, iron ore prices are facing a lot of headwinds.14.Of the 80 million tonnes of iron ore stocks at Chinese ports, nearly 35 million to 40 milliontonnes belong to traders, who were betting on a recovery in steel demand after the Lunar New Year holiday last month.15.Offers held firm on Friday, as Chinese steel mills returned to market to replenish theirstockpiles.As rising raw material price and slow steel demand turned off the top buyers in China.16.A source at a Chinese steelmaker said it was unclear how long the upturn would be sustainedbecause it has been led by what seems to be a short-lived recovery in steel. “It could be because prices have fallen too much, and partly due to better steel sentiment arising from Japan’s shortage,” said the trader.17.Shanghai steel rebar futures fell more than 1 percent on Monday after China furthertightened the amount of funds banks can lend and on demand uncertainty.18.The decline in steel prices in China, the world's biggest producer, could stall a nascentrecovery in iron ore prices which rose for a second day on Friday…19.Adding to demand concerns, China on Friday again raised banks' required reserves, thelatest installment in its monetary tightening cycle that many had thought would be put on hold after Japan's devastating earthquake.20."We believe the three-month period is good enough to avoid major gaps with actual marketprices and, on the other hand, smooth volatility of the monthly period."21.New headwinds for the sector however now include China's moves to cool its economy andthe uncertain impact and pace of an expected plan by Japan to rebuild after the devastating earthquake and tsunami22.Still, disruptions in disaster-hit Japan's steel production as well as largely ample inventoriesat most Chinese steel mills may continue to weigh on iron ore prices in the second quarter,23.But later this year, around the end of the second quarter, we may see China restocking and therest of the world especially Western steel mills ramping up output in response to a recovery in demand. "So later this year we expect the iron ore market to be tightening again and prices to rebound," added Zhu.24.Nippon Steel Corp said on Tuesday that output at the three blast furnaces at its mainstayplant in eastern Japan had recovered to pre-earthquake levels.25.The company has resumed production at the plant while carefully watching the powersituation.26.Spot iron ore prices edged up on Friday as some Chinese mills restocked the steelmakingingredient, but purchases were far from brisk given lacklustre steel prices.27.Chinese mills have kept production at a high level and they've run down on iron oreinventories quite dramatically to the point where they now have to come back to the market and buy," said Graeme Train. "The problem is that mills don't want to commit to a large amount of tonnage when steel prices are not performing very well, so it seems like you've hit a bit of stabilisation and it's a bit tricky for prices to fall because mills have to buy."28.Global miner Rio Tinto said that tight global iron ore supplies could be stretched evenfurther by a massive rebuilding effort in Japan while equipment shortages will prevent miners from ramping up production.29.Spot iron ore prices are likely to build on last week's more than 4 percent gain as Chinesebuyers continue to replenish stocks although trading was predictably thin on Monday with China off for a two-day holiday.30.Chinese steel mills, the biggest buyers of iron ore, returned to the market to boost run-downinventories.31.TSI said the recent rally in prices was driven by smaller, spot market-dependent Chinesemills returning to the market to rebuild stocks run down since February32.The herd mentality is on again in China so people are buying all at once.33.Electricity supplies to [Chinese] industrial users will be cut further this summer as capacityshortages, coal supply problems and declining hydropower output combine to produce the worst power crunch in years, reports Steel Guru. Power deficits in the 26 provinces and regions serviced by State Grid Corporation of China would total 30 gigawatts in the summer, but could increase to about 40 GW if coal supplies tightened, water stocks were lower than normal and unusually high temperatures persisted.34.Many steel mills have totally shunned buying forward shipments and have increasedpurchases of cheaper domestic ore in anticipation of a further fall in prices of imported cargoes,"35.China's drive to build 10 million cheap housing units this year has been largely behind aboom in its construction sector which has buoyed its steel demand.36.Fears that the U.S. economy could slip back to recession and a recent jump in Italian andSpanish bond yields towards danger levels have pushed investors to seek cover, pulling out of commodities from oil to base metals and grains and driving Asian stocks down around 5 percent after the worst sell-off on Wall Street since the global financial crisis.37.The drop in rebar futures raised concern it could snuff out a recent run-up in prices of ironore, the key steelmaking raw material, which had been spurred by rising steel prices.38.However, analysts said continued tightness in iron ore supply from India, the world's No. 3exporter, should keep losses in spot prices in check.39.The physical market was little changed on Monday despite bearish overall sentiment, withsome offers continuing to hold firm despite turmoil in global financial markets and lower steel prices though transactions were limited.40.Shanghai rebar futures fell over 1 percent to a more than one-month low on Monday asinvestors fretted about Standard & Poor's downgrade of the United State's t op-tier credit rating, raising worries about a recession in the world's largest economy, reports Reuters.41.Figures demonstrated that huge losses have swept the whole China steel industry.42.Reuters reported that spot iron ore prices in top consumer China slipped on recently as a slowrecovery in steel demand kept most buyers off the market with steel prices hovering near levels last seen in February.。
