高考英语话题词汇 七、环境保护

高考英语应用文高分讲义：万能语料之环境保护主题（包含环境污染、能源危机、转基因食品、动植物）1.damage the environment 破坏环境（1）create waste and pollution 产生垃圾废料和污染（2）household waste 家庭生活垃圾（名词短语）（3）industrial waste 工业废料（名词短语）（4）pollute the air 污染空气（5）pollute the environment 污染环境（6）pollute rivers and lakes 污染河流与湖泊2.create waste and pollution 产生垃圾废料和污染（1）cause smog and acid rain 导致雾霍和酸雨（2）cause health problems 导致健康问题对比：reduce industrial pollution 减少工业污染3.car fumes 汽车尾气（名词短语）（1）air pollution 空气污染（2）traffic noise交通噪声，也是交通污染的一种（3）contribute to global warming 加剧全球变暖（4）contribute to climate change 加剧气候变化（5）control the number of cars on the road控制路上行驶的汽车数量（6）improve public transport services改进公共交通服务（7）walk or cycle to work步行或者骑自行车上班（8）encourage people to buy eco-friendly cars鼓励人们购买环保型的汽车（9）develop cleaner energy 研发更清洁的能源（10）eco-friendly cars 环保型汽车（11）eco-friendly fifestyles环保的生活方式（12）eco-friendly tourism不破坏生态的旅游业（13）reduce people's dependence on cars减少人们对汽车的依赖（14）reduce people's dependence on social networking websites 减少人们对社交网站的依赖（15）reduce their dependence on international aid减少(接受援助的国家）对国际援助的依赖4.rely too much on... 过度地依赖于…（1）rely too much on cars过度地依赖于汽车（2）non-renewable energy sources不可再生的能源（3）rely too much on fossil fuels过度地依赖于化石燃料对比：①solar energy 太阳能②wind energy 风能③water power 水电④does not pollute the environment 不污染环境⑤ renewable energy sources 可再生的能源⑥depend on weather conditions 取决于天气的状况5.contribute to global warming（汽车、飞机等）加剧全球变暖（1）contribute to climate change加剧气候的变化（2）increase greenhouse gas emissions（汽车、飞机等）导致温室效应气体的排放量增加对比reduce greenhouse gas emissions减少温室效应气体的排放6.put pressure on...对…（自然资源、医疗体系等）构成压力（1）grow rapidly（人口）快速地增长（2）meet consumers’needs 满足消费者们的需求（3）the demand for consumer goods对于消费品的需求（名词短语）对比：①use more natural resources使用更多的自然资源②create more waste and pollution产生更多的垃圾废料和污染③put pressure on natural resources（人口的增长、消费的增长等）对自然资源构成压力④put pressure on infrastructure（人口的增长、旅游业）对基础设施构成压力⑤put pressure on the healthcare system（人口老龄化）对医疗体系构成压力7.meet their environmental responsibilities /fulfil their environmental responsibilities（个人、公司、政府）履行对于环境的义务（1）have eco-friendly lifestyles 坚持环保的生活方式（2）reuse shopping bags重复使用购物袋（3）recycle cans and bottles循环利用瓶瓶罐罐（4）choose products with less plastic packaging选择塑料外包装比较少的产品（5）use public transport more often更多地使用公共交通（6）walk or cycle to work步行或骑自行车上班（7）improve public transport services改进公共交通服务（8）introduce laws to protect the environment 通过立法来保护环境（9）fine companies that pollute the environment对污染环境的公司进行罚款（说明：这个fine 是及物动词，罚款的意恩)（10）give financial support to research on clean energy为清洁能源的研究提供资助8.become overcrowded(城市）变得过于拥挤（1）urban residents / city dwellers 城市里的居民（2）have more job opportunities 有更多的就业机会（3）feel disconnected from nature（城市里的居民）感觉自己的生活与大自然脱节9 make... more attractive让…（食品、城市、旅游景点等）更吸引人（1）genetically modified food转基因食品（按英美习惯也可以写成GM food)（2）GM crops 转基因的农作物（3）grow faster 生长得更快（4）increase crop yields 增加农作物的产量对比：①cause health problems导致健康问题②pose health risks to consumers对消费者们构成健康方面的风险10 wildlife habitats野生动植物的栖息地（名词短语）（1）cut down forests 砍伐森林（2）destroy wildlife habitats破坏野生动植物的栖息地（3）lead to natural disasters导致自然交害（4）reduce biodiversity 减少生物的多祥性对比：protect wildlife habitats 保护野生动植物的栖息地11.endangered animals濒危动物（名词短语）（1）wildlife products 用野生动植物制成的产品（2）die out / become extinct 灭绝对比：①introduce laws to protect wild animals通过立法来保护野生动物②wildlife reserves 野生动植物保区（名词短语）③create more wildlife reserves创立更多的野生动植物保护区12.animal experiment 动物实验（名词短语，“从事”动物实验动词搭配do，perform 或者conduct 都地道）（1）cause pain to them 给它们造成痛苦（2）are kept in cages 被关在笼子里（3）is cruel and inhumane 是残忍的而且不人道的（4）is morally wrong 是不道德的对比：① medical research 医学研究②develop new medicines 研发新的药物③reduce their suffering 减少它们的痛苦。

Environment protectionBy karenchan English Chinese问题Pollutant 污染物rubbish, garbage, trash, waste, litter 垃圾Recycle 回收热门话题Carbon dioxide 二氧化碳Acid rain 酸雨Greenhouse effect 温室效应Global warming 全球变暖Ecosystem 生态系统Water and soil erosion 水土流失Environmental degradation 环境恶化动物Natural habitat 自然栖息地Rare breed 稀有物种Endangered species 濒危物种Extinct 灭绝Natural reserve 自然保护区Wild life 野生动物Animal rights activist 动物权益保护者植物Vegetation 植被Deforestation 森林消失Landslide 山体滑坡能源Non-renewable 不可再生的fossil fuels 矿石燃料alternative energy 替代能源nuclear power 太阳能Secondary disaster 次生灾害措施Environmentally-friendly 环保Preserve 保护overexploitation 过度利用conservation of water and soil 水土保持水土保持 afforestation project 造林工程造林工程 forest coverage 森林覆盖率森林覆盖率 ecological balance 生态平衡生态平衡 green” life绿色生活绿色生活 Popularize 普及普及。

环保:environmental protection 环境保护environmentally-friendly 环保的preserve v.保护，保存污染：Pollute= contaminate, 污染（动词）pollutant 污染物Pollution=contamination 污染（名词）垃圾: rubbish, garbage, trash, waste, litter处理: dispose of, burn, bury (landfill垃圾场), dump倾倒，recycle 回收plastic bags塑料袋, drinking cans饮料罐biodegradable packaging 可降解包装, throwaway 可丢弃的disposable 可丢弃的discourage v. 不鼓励燃料non-renewable 不可再生的fossil fuels矿石燃料: natural gas, coal, petroleum limited/finite natural resources 有限的自然资源alternative energy替代能源replace=substitute v.取代(wind power, hydropower水电,solar (lunar) power太阳能,精品文库nuclear power核能radioactivity n. 辐射性use up, deplete, exhaust v. 用光，耗尽conserve v. 节省，节约,consume less v. 少消耗危害动物:poaching非法打猎，盗猎,damage natural habitat 破坏自然栖息地,rare breed稀有物种,endangered species濒危物种,extinct adj.灭绝(die out, disappear动词),animal rights activist动物权益保护者,natural reserve(giant panda大熊猫)自然保护区,protect wild life保护野生动物,disastrous灾难性的, devastation破坏,have disastrous effect on…对。

环保话题——高频词汇pollute (vt)污染pollution(n) 污染protect(vt)保护protection(n)保护take measures/steps/action to do sth 采取措施做某事cut down trees 砍伐树木throw rubbish around 乱扔垃圾protect the surroundings 保护周边环境improve the environment 改善环境save energy 节省能源conservation of water and soil 水土保持water resource conservation zone 水资源保护区sea water desalinization 海水淡化afforestation project 造林工程afforested areas; greening space 绿化面积forest coverage 森林覆盖率wind breaks （防沙林 sand breaks）防风林fast-growing trees 速生林slow down the rate of resource degradation 降低资源消耗率develop renewable resources 开发可再生资源environment-friendly products 环保产品nature reserve 自然保护区wild fauna and flora 野生动植物conserve natural habitats 保护生存环境endangered wildlife 濒危野生动物natural ecosystems 自然生态系统do great harm to 给……带来很大危害the destruction of our environment 环境的破坏take active measures to protect rare animals 采取积极措施保护稀有动take good care of our forests 关心我们的森林plant more trees to improve the environment 多植树来改善环境环保话题——必备句子Environmental protection has caused global concern recently.近来环保已经引起了全球的关注。