全脑血管造影术流程指导流程审批稿

全脑血管造影术(DSA) 操作规程一、术前准备1、体位：病人取仰卧，调整头位适宜，固定上肢，双腿稍分开并外展，接监护导联。

2、消毒：0.05%碘伏双侧腹股沟区消毒，上界平脐，下界大腿上1/3 处，外界为腋中线，内界大腿内侧。

以穿刺点为中心向周围消毒两遍。

3、铺无菌单：由脐部至会阴铺第1块手术巾，第2块手术巾在穿刺点上方并与第 1 块垂直，第3、4 块手术巾与第1、 2 块成45 度角暴露右、左穿刺点。

4、无菌套覆盖影像增强器、操作面板和遮挡板。

5、穿手术衣，戴无菌手套，生理盐水冲洗手套，铺大手术单。

6、冲洗与抽吸：肝素盐水冲洗穿刺针、动脉鞘、泥鳅导丝、猪尾管，浸透J 形导丝。

7、连接：冲洗管、Y 形阀、三通。

8、抽吸：2%利多卡因，9、抽吸：造影剂并接高压连接管。

二、穿刺置鞘优先右侧股动脉穿刺，以右侧腹股沟与股动脉交界处沿股动脉向下1〜1.5cm为穿刺点，局麻后穿刺股动脉，穿刺针成角30〜45 °喷血良好后插入J形导丝（注意：必要时透视了解导丝位置），置入动脉鞘，撤出导丝，注射器抽吸肝素盐水，连接动脉鞘侧管并回抽，回血良好时注入肝素盐水，接冲洗管30 滴/min 左右持续冲洗。

三、肝素化置鞘成功后即刻肝素化，首剂：体重kg x 2/3 =肝素量mg，1h 后给首剂1/2 量，以后再1h 给上次剂量的1/2 ，减至10mg 时，则每小时给10mg。

四、造影术1 、主动脉弓造影：①连接猪尾管与Y 形阀，泥鳅导丝插入猪尾管导丝不出头，猪尾管进入动脉鞘后进导丝20cm 左右，透视下将猪尾管置于升主动脉。

②摆体位：左侧斜30〜45度（一般年龄越大斜度越大），上缘到牙齿平面，造影剂20〜25ml/秒，总量25〜30ml,压力700pa 投照③插入泥鍬导丝，展开猪尾管头端，撤出猪尾管2、颈总动脉造影①肝素水浸泡造影管，接Y 阀，冲洗管腔，进泥鳅导丝，导丝不出头，造影管头进动脉鞘后进导丝20cm 左右，透视下达升主动脉弓，导丝撤到导管内，翻转导管头回撤，弹入无名动脉（或左颈内动脉），固定导管，撤出导丝，做路径图，路径图下将导丝置合适位置，沿导丝上导管达颈总动脉起始部。

全脑血管造影术(DSA)操作规程一、术前准备1、体位:病人取仰卧,调整头位适宜,固定上肢,双腿稍分开并外展,接监护导联。

2、消毒:０。

05%碘伏双侧腹股沟区消毒,上界平脐,下界大腿上１／3处,外界为腋中线,内界大腿内侧。

以穿刺点为中心向周围消毒两遍、3、铺无菌单:由脐部至会阴铺第1块手术巾,第2块手术巾在穿刺点上方并与第1块垂直,第３、4块手术巾与第１、2块成４5度角暴露右、左穿刺点。

4、无菌套覆盖影像增强器、操作面板与遮挡板、５、穿手术衣,戴无菌手套,生理盐水冲洗手套,铺大手术单。

6、冲洗与抽吸:肝素盐水冲洗穿刺针、动脉鞘、泥鳅导丝、猪尾管,浸透J形导丝。

７、连接:冲洗管、Ｙ形阀、三通。

8、抽吸:2％利多卡因,９、抽吸:造影剂并接高压连接管。

二、穿刺置鞘优先右侧股动脉穿刺,以右侧腹股沟与股动脉交界处沿股动脉向下1～1、５cm为穿刺点,局麻后穿刺股动脉,穿刺针成角3０～45 °喷血良好后插入J形导丝(注意:必要时透视了解导丝位置),置入动脉鞘,撤出导丝,注射器抽吸肝素盐水,连接动脉鞘侧管并回抽,回血良好时注入肝素盐水,接冲洗管30滴/ｍｉn左右持续冲洗。

三、肝素化置鞘成功后即刻肝素化,首剂:体重kg×２／3＝肝素量mｇ,1h后给首剂1/2量,以后再1h给上次剂量得１/２,减至10mｇ时,则每小时给10mｇ。

四、造影术1、主动脉弓造影:①连接猪尾管与Ｙ形阀,泥鳅导丝插入猪尾管导丝不出头,猪尾管进入动脉鞘后进导丝2０cm左右,透视下将猪尾管置于升主动脉。

②摆体位:左侧斜３０~45度(一般年龄越大斜度越大),上缘到牙齿平面,造影剂２0～25ml/秒,总量２５～30ml,压力7０0ｐa投照③插入泥鳅导丝,展开猪尾管头端,撤出猪尾管2、颈总动脉造影①肝素水浸泡造影管,接Y阀,冲洗管腔,进泥鳅导丝,导丝不出头,造影管头进动脉鞘后进导丝2０cm左右,透视下达升主动脉弓,导丝撤到导管内,翻转导管头回撤,弹入无名动脉(或左颈内动脉),固定导管,撤出导丝,做路径图,路径图下将导丝置合适位置,沿导丝上导管达颈总动脉起始部、②摆体位:标准侧位,上缘到眶下线水平,第三颈椎位于屏幕正中,一般造影剂５ml/秒,总量７mL,压力3００Pa,投照,如发现血管重叠或病变显示不好,可右侧斜适当角度(一般45度)再次投照。

脑血管造影实施方案及流程英文回答：Cerebral angiography, also known as cerebral arteriography or cerebral angiogram, is a diagnostic procedure used to visualize the blood vessels in the brain. It is often performed to evaluate the blood flow and detect abnormalities such as aneurysms, arteriovenous malformations (AVMs), or blockages in the blood vessels.The procedure involves the injection of a contrast dye into the blood vessels, which helps to highlight the blood vessels on X-ray images. Here is a step-by-step guide to the process of cerebral angiography:1. Preparation: Before the procedure, I will be asked to remove any jewelry or metal objects and change into a hospital gown. I will also be required to fast for a few hours before the procedure.2. Placement of an intravenous (IV) line: A nurse will insert a small needle into a vein in my arm or hand to administer medications and fluids during the procedure.3. Local anesthesia: The area where the catheter will be inserted, usually the groin or wrist, will be cleaned and numbed with a local anesthetic.4. Insertion of the catheter: A thin, flexible tube called a catheter will be guided through the blood vessels to reach the area of interest in the brain. This is done under the guidance of X-ray imaging.5. Injection of contrast dye: Once the catheter is in place, the contrast dye will be injected into the blood vessels. I may feel a warm sensation or a metallic taste in my mouth as the dye is injected.6. X-ray imaging: As the dye flows through the blood vessels, X-ray images will be taken to visualize the blood vessels and detect any abnormalities. I may be asked to hold my breath for a few seconds during the imaging.7. Catheter removal and compression: Once the imagingis complete, the catheter will be removed, and pressurewill be applied to the insertion site to prevent bleeding.A bandage or compression device may be applied to the site.8. Recovery: After the procedure, I will be taken to a recovery area where I will be monitored for any complications. I may be required to lie flat for a fewhours to minimize the risk of bleeding.It is important to note that cerebral angiography is an invasive procedure and carries some risks, such as bleeding, infection, or allergic reactions to the contrast dye. However, these risks are generally rare.中文回答：脑血管造影，又称脑动脉造影或脑血管造影，是一种用于可视化大脑血管的诊断性检查。

全脑血管造影术流程Having a full brain vascular imaging (FBVI) procedure can be quite intimidating for many people. It involves injecting a contrast material into the bloodstream while a special X-ray captures images of the blood vessels in the brain. 进行全脑血管造影术(FBVI)的过程对许多人来说可能相当吓人。

它涉及将造影剂注入血液中，同时特殊的X射线拍摄脑部血管的图像。

Before the procedure even begins, there is a certain level of anxiety and fear that can come with the idea of having to undergo a medical imaging test. This is completely normal and it's important to acknowledge and address these feelings. 在手术开始之前，人们可能会对接受医学影像检测感到一定程度的焦虑和恐惧。

这是完全正常的，重要的是要认识并解决这些情绪。

One of the first steps in the process of undergoing a full brain vascular imaging is to prepare for the procedure. This may involve fasting for a certain period of time before the test, as well as discussing any medications you are currently taking with your healthcare provider. The preparation phase is crucial in ensuring thatthe procedure goes smoothly and without any complications. 接受全脑血管造影手术过程中的第一步是为手术做好准备。

脑血管造影术操作规范(一)术前准备1、所需物品监测护设备、氧气、负压吸引器，急救药品车。

常备药品肝素钠注射液、鱼精蛋白注射液、硝普钠、尿激酶、婴粟碱、钙离子拮抗药、肾上腺素、地塞米松注射液、麻醉及抗癫痈药物。

防护设备铅衣、铅眼镜、铅帽、铅围脖、铅皮及铅屏风、导管材料动脉输液加压包袋及袋装等渗盐水、导管塑形器如蒸汽壶。

一次性使用材料一次性使用进人体内的介人器材脑血管造影手术包2、向患者说明手术中需与医生配合的事项，家属签具同意手术书。

3、术前备皮，建立有效静脉通道，必要时予置鼻饲管、导尿。

(二)手术方法（1）常规双侧腹股沟及会阴区消毒铺单, 暴露两侧腹股沟部。

（2）至少连接2套动脉内持续滴注器（其中一个与导管鞘连接, 另个备用或接Y形阀导丝）。

接高压注射器并抽吸造影剂。

所有连接装置要求无气泡。

肝素盐水冲洗造影管。

（3）穿刺点选腹股沟韧带下1.5—2cm股动脉搏动最明显处, 局部浸润麻醉, 进针角度与皮肤呈30°—45°。

（4）穿刺成功后, 在短导丝的辅助下置血管鞘。

持续滴注调节, 滴数为15-30滴/分。

（5）全身肝素化, 控制活化部分凝血活酶时间APTT＞120s, 或活化部分凝血时间ACT＞250s。

肝素化的方法可参照以下方法首次剂量每公斤体重万哩静脉注射, 后再给半量, 后再加量, 以后每隔追加前次剂量的半量, 若减到时, 每隔给予。

（6）在透视下依次行全脑血管造影, 包括双侧颈内、颈外动脉, 双侧椎动脉。

必要时可行双侧甲状颈干及肋颈干造影。

对血管迂曲者, 导管不能到位时, 可使用导丝辅助。

（7）老年患者应自下而上分段行各主干动脉造影,以猪尾巴导管行主动脉弓造影。

（8）造影结束后用鱼精蛋白中和肝素钠。

(三)术后处理1、检查结束后，拔出鞘管，局部压迫止血15min后加压包扎。

2、放置沙袋加压8ｈ,平卧24小时。

3、适当给予抗生素及激素。

她含着笑，切着冰屑悉索的萝卜，她含着笑，用手掏着猪吃的麦糟，她含着笑，扇着炖肉的炉子的火，她含着笑，背了团箕到广场上去晒好那些大豆和小麦，大堰河，为了生活，在她流尽了她的乳液之后，她就用抱过我的两臂，劳动了。

脑动脉造影手术流程英文回答：Cerebral angiography, also known as cerebral arteriography or cerebral angiogram, is a diagnostic procedure used to visualize the blood vessels in the brain. It involves the injection of a contrast dye into the blood vessels followed by X-ray imaging. This procedure is commonly performed to evaluate and diagnose various conditions such as aneurysms, arteriovenous malformations (AVMs), and blockages in the blood vessels.The first step in the cerebral angiography procedure is the insertion of a catheter, a thin flexible tube, into a blood vessel. This is usually done through the groin area, where a small incision is made to access the femoral artery.A guide wire is then inserted through the catheter and advanced to the blood vessels in the brain. Once the guide wire is in place, the catheter is threaded over the wireand guided to the desired location in the blood vessels.After the catheter is properly positioned, a contrast dye is injected through the catheter. The dye helps to highlight the blood vessels and allows for better visualization during the X-ray imaging. The X-ray machine is then used to take a series of images as the dye flows through the blood vessels. The images obtained during the procedure provide detailed information about the blood flow and any abnormalities in the blood vessels.During the procedure, the patient may experience a warm sensation or a flushing feeling as the contrast dye is injected. This is a normal reaction and usually subsides quickly. It is important for the patient to remain still during the imaging process to ensure clear and accurate images.Once the imaging is complete, the catheter is removed and pressure is applied to the insertion site to prevent bleeding. The incision site is then covered with a bandage. The patient is usually monitored for a short period of time after the procedure to ensure there are no complications.In summary, the cerebral angiography procedure involves the insertion of a catheter into a blood vessel, injectionof a contrast dye, and X-ray imaging to visualize the blood vessels in the brain. This procedure is important in the diagnosis and evaluation of various brain conditions. It is a safe and effective procedure when performed by trained medical professionals.中文回答：脑动脉造影手术是一种用于观察大脑血管的诊断性手术。

脑动脉造影手术流程英文回答：Cerebral Angiogram Procedure.A cerebral angiogram is a medical imaging procedurethat uses X-rays to visualize the blood vessels in the brain and neck. It involves inserting a catheter into an artery in the groin and guiding it through the blood vessels to the brain. A contrast agent is then injectedinto the catheter, which allows the blood vessels to be seen more clearly on the X-rays.Procedure steps:1. Preparation: The patient is placed on an X-ray table and given a sedative to relax them. The groin area is shaved and cleaned, and a local anesthetic is injected to numb the skin.2. Catheter insertion: A small incision is made in the groin, and a catheter is inserted into an artery. The catheter is guided through the blood vessels to the brain.3. Contrast injection: A contrast agent is injectedinto the catheter, which allows the blood vessels to be seen more clearly on the X-rays.4. Imaging: X-rays are taken of the brain and neck. The images are stored on a computer and can be viewed by the doctor.5. Catheter removal: Once the imaging is complete, the catheter is removed from the artery. The incision in the groin is closed with a bandage.Risks:Cerebral angiography is a relatively safe procedure, but there are some risks involved, including:Bleeding: The procedure can cause bleeding at the siteof the catheter insertion.Bruising: The procedure can cause bruising at the site of the catheter insertion.Infection: The procedure can introduce infection into the bloodstream.Allergic reaction: The contrast agent can cause an allergic reaction in some people.Stroke: The procedure can cause a stroke in some people.Benefits:Cerebral angiography is a valuable diagnostic tool that can help doctors to diagnose and treat a variety of conditions, including:Aneurysms: Cerebral angiography can be used to diagnose and treat aneurysms, which are weak spots in theblood vessels that can rupture and cause bleeding.Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs): Cerebral angiography can be used to diagnose and treat AVMs, which are abnormal connections between arteries and veins.Stenosis: Cerebral angiography can be used to diagnose and treat stenosis, which is a narrowing of the blood vessels.Vasculitis: Cerebral angiography can be used to diagnose and treat vasculitis, which is an inflammation of the blood vessels.Recovery:Most people can go home the same day as their cerebral angiogram. There may be some soreness or bruising at the site of the catheter insertion, but this should improve within a few days. It is important to avoid strenuous activity for a few days after the procedure.中文回答：脑动脉造影手术流程。

全脑血管造影术流程指导流程1.术前准备：医生会向患者解释检查目的、过程和注意事项，并征得患者同意。

患者需要告知医生过敏史、肾功能状况以及是否已经进行过其他MRI或CT检查。

患者需要空腹，不吃任何食物或饮水。

2.静脉穿刺：医生会在小腿或大腿的血管上放置一根导管，以便后续注射造影剂。

通常会在手术室或放射室进行该步骤，并使用局部麻醉。

导管放置完成后，医生会进行影像引导确认位置是否正确。

3.造影剂注射：医生会通过导管缓慢地注射一种叫做碘化剂的造影剂。

这种造影剂可以使血管在X射线下更清晰可见。

在注射造影剂期间，患者需要保持头部和颈部固定，以避免意外移动。

4.影像采集：注射造影剂后，医生会在一台CT机器或X射线机器上进行影像采集。

患者需要保持静止不动，同时医生会提醒患者在影像采集过程中深呼吸或屏住呼吸以增加图像的清晰度。

5.结束和观察：影像采集完成后，医生会评估得到的图像，以确保获得了足够的信息来分析血管状况。

患者可以离开医疗设施，并根据需要持续观察相关的反应或不适症状。

6.后续处理：医生会在检查后几天内与患者进行随访，以讨论检查结果，并制定后续的治疗计划。

需要注意的是，全脑血管造影术虽然是一种常规的医学影像检查方法，但由于注射造影剂和暴露于X射线辐射的原因，患者可能会出现一些副作用或并发症。

常见的副作用包括头痛、恶心、呕吐、肌肉痛等，而严重的并发症可能包括过敏反应、肾功能衰竭等。

因此，在进行全脑血管造影术前，医生会根据患者的具体情况评估风险和益处，并与患者进行沟通和解释。

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文档下载后可定制随意修改，请根据实际需要进行相应的调整和使用，谢谢!并且，本店铺为大家提供各种各样类型的实用资料，如教育随笔、日记赏析、句子摘抄、古诗大全、经典美文、话题作文、工作总结、词语解析、文案摘录、其他资料等等，如想了解不同资料格式和写法，敬请关注!Download tips: This document is carefully compiled by theeditor.I hope that after you download them,they can help yousolve practical problems. The document can be customized andmodified after downloading,please adjust and use it according toactual needs, thank you!In addition, our shop provides you with various types ofpractical materials,such as educational essays, diaryappreciation,sentence excerpts,ancient poems,classic articles,topic composition,work summary,word parsing,copy excerpts,other materials and so on,want to know different data formats andwriting methods,please pay attention!脑动脉造影检查的详细流程解析脑动脉造影，也称为颅内血管造影，是一种常用的医学诊断技术，主要用于检测脑部血管疾病，如脑动脉瘤、脑血管畸形等。