英语句子成分分析 简单句句型
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英语句子的成分及简单句的五种基本句式Ⅰ. ▲句子成分分类1.主语:主语是谓语讲述的对象,表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。
一般由名词、代词、不定代词或相当于名词的单词或短语来充当,也有从句充当的现象。
大多数主语都在句首。
如:We didn’t have enough time to think about problems by ourselves. We had to do muchhomework after class. She enjoys reading books and listening to music.Every coin has two sides(任何事物都有两面性)Three are enough.To spit in public is not polite. What to do next is not clear.Seeing English films is a good way to learn English well.Shopping on line has many advantages.What we need is food.▲在个别句型中,主语在整个句子后面,这时前面用it作形式主语。
如:It took two workers about three months to build the house.I t’s our duty to protect the environment.It’s very exciting not to have extra classes on holidays.It is important for us to obey traffic rules.On the other hand, there are some disadvantages to go online2.谓语:谓语时用来说明主语“做什么”、“是什么”或“怎么样”,谓语必须是动词,谓语和主语在“人称”和“数”两方面必须一致。
英语句子成分及简单句5种基本句型一、英语句子成分根据英语词汇在英语句子中的地位和作用, 英语句子的成分可分为主语、谓语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语、同位语及独立成分等。
其中,主语和谓语是句子的主要成分,一般情况下,一个句子不能缺少这两种成分。
现将不同句子成分的用法列举如下:1. 主语:表示句子所要说明或描述的人或事物,一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当,置于句首。
如:It's getting cold. 天冷起来了。
Now everything is ready. 现在一切都准备好了。
The teacher is very kind to us. 老师对我们很好。
2. 谓语:说明或描述主语的动作、状态或特征,由动词或动词短语充当,位于主语之后。
如:Mother bought me a birthday present. 妈给我买了个生日礼物。
We have finished our work already. 我们已经完成了工作。
3. 表语:表示主语的身份、性质、状态和特征,一般由名词、形容词、或相当于名词、形容词的词、短语或句子充当,位于系动词之后,形成英语独有的主系表结构。
如:Be careful! 小心!All the students are lovely. 所有的学生都很可爱。
He looks very angry. 他看上去很生气。
4. 宾语:指动作所涉及的人或事物,一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当,位于动词之后。
如:He wrote many plays. 他写了许多剧本。
She loves swimming. 她喜欢游泳。
5. 宾语补足语:用来对宾语进行补充和说明,一般由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语或非谓语动词充当。
如:He told us to stay. 他叫我们留下。
I've never seen her dancing. 我从未看见过她跳舞。
英语句子成分及简单句5种基本句型英语句子成分及简单句5种基本句型一、英语句子成分根据英语词汇在英语句子中的地位和作用, 英语句子的成分可分为主语、谓语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语、同位语及独立成分等。
其中,主语和谓语是句子的主要成分,一般情况下,一个句子不能缺少这两种成分。
现将不同句子成分的用法列举如下:1. 主语:表示句子所要说明或描述的人或事物,一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当,置于句首。
如:It's getting cold. 天冷起来了。
Now everything is ready. 现在一切都准备好了。
The teacher is very kind to us. 老师对我们很好。
2. 谓语:说明或描述主语的动作、状态或特征,由动词或动词短语充当,位于主语之后。
如:Mother bought me a birthday present. 妈给我买了个生日礼物。
We have finished our work already. 我们已经完成了工作。
3. 表语:表示主语的身份、性质、状态和特征,一般由名词、形容词、或相当于名词、形容词的词、短语或句子充当,位于系动词之后,形成英语独有的主系表结构。
如:Be careful! 小心!All the students are lovely. 所有的学生都很可爱。
He looks very angry. 他看上去很生气。
4. 宾语:指动作所涉及的人或事物,一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当,位于动词之后。
如:He wrote many plays. 他写了许多剧本。
She loves swimming. 她喜欢游泳。
5. 宾语补足语:用来对宾语进行补充和说明,一般由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语或非谓语动词充当。
如:He told us to stay. 他叫我们留下。
I've never seen her dancing. 我从未看见过她跳舞。
英语句子成分一、主语:句子的主体,是被说明的对象。
主语用词:1. 名词: English is taught in China.2. 代词: We have an English dictionary each.3. 数词: Thirteen is an unlucky number.4. the+形容词: The old are well respected in our country.5. 动名词: Travelling on the moon is rather difficult.6. 不定式: To see is to believe.7. 从句: What he said is true.二、谓语:说明主语的动作或状态。
谓语用词:1. 行为动词: I watch TV twice a week.2. 连系动词: He is an English teacher.3. there be: There is a dog under the table.三、表语:是系动词后面的成分,和系动词组成谓语。
表语用词:1. 名词: His father is a professor at college.2. 代词: The red pen is his, not mine.3. 数词: Tree times eight is twenty-four.4. 形容词: The boy was rude and naughty.5. 副词: I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long.6. 分词: What he said is surprising and we’re surprised.7. 动名词: His job is teaching physics.8. 不定式: He is to come to China soon.9. 介词短语: My grandma is in good health.10.从句: That is because you didn’t work hard.四、宾语:作及物动词或介词的对象。
1、要分析句子结构,先了解英语句子成分:英语常见的句子成分主要有:主语;谓语;宾语;表语;定语;状语;同位语;宾语补足语;主语补足语。
2、英语常用句子结构:简单句;并列句;复合句。
3、英语动词简单句的五种基本类型①主系表结构【I 主语】【am 谓语】【a sports fan表语】.【It 主语】【gets谓语】【colder 表语】【in winter 时间状语】.②主谓结构They left.③主谓宾结构【I 】【need】【your help】【It 】【depends on 】【the weather】④主谓双宾语(间接宾语+直接宾语)结构【He 主语】【gave谓语】【me 间接宾语】【the book 直接宾语】【yesterday 时间状语】.⑤主谓复合宾语(宾语+宾语补足语)结构【We主语】【made谓语】【him宾语】【monitor宾语补足语】【of our class.定语】4、句子成分划分举例:【I 主语】【live in 谓语】【Shijiazhuang 宾语】,【a city 同位语】【not far from Beijing 形容词短语,后置定语】. 【简单句】【The teachers 主语】【are 谓语】【enthusiastic and friendly表语】and 【the class rooms 主语】【are 谓语】【amazing表语】.and 连接的【并列句】【I 主语】【don't think 谓语】【( that )I will be bored in Ms Shen's class 宾语从句】. 宾语从句成分【I 主语】【will be 谓语】【bored 表语】【in Ms Shen's class 介词短语,状语】【The teacher主语】【is 谓语】【a very enthusiastic定语】【woman.表语】另外,建议:最好看看语法书。
简单句的五种基本句型句型一主语+系动词+表语(SLP)[讲解] (1) 系动词的三种分类:在初中阶段,我们学过的表示“保持或状态”类的有be, remain, stay, keep, prove等;表示“变化”类的有grow, turn, get, become, fall, go, come等;表示“感官”类的有look, sound, smell, taste, feel, seem, appea r等。
例如:I am a senior school student while he is a junior one.我是高中生,他是初中生。
After four years, Tom became a doctor/ turned doctor.四年后,汤姆成了一名医生。
The story sounds interesting and instructive.这故事听起来既有趣,又有教育意义。
(2) 可以充当表语的有形容词、名词、副词(短语)、介词短语、表语从句、分词(短语)等。
例如:In order to keep healthy, he takes exercise everyday. (形容词作表语)In my mind, mother is my hero. (名词作表语)Look! Your pet dog is there. (副词作表语)The schoolbags come in different sizes. (介词短语作表语)You’ve changed a lot. You are not what you were. (表语从句作表语)Many passengers got injured in the accident. (过去分词作表语)The machine keeps running for a long time. (现在分词短语作表语)(3) 使用系动词应注意的地方:第一,没有被动语态;第二,一般没有进行时(除了feel以外);第三,有些动词既是系动词又是普通动词。