Unit 3 Under the sea1、用适当的介词或副词填空1.I was sorting__________ my accommodation when I heard a huge noise coming from the bay.2.The children are aware__________ the danger of taking drugs.3.One witness__________ the accident said the driver appeared to be drunk.4.He has been very ill. The doctor says that he is now __________danger.5.When a man tried to rob a store by entering through the roof, he got stuck upside__________.6.Every time I meet with difficulty, she helped me __________.7.He jumped__________ the river and dragged her to safety.8.Butterflies feed__________ the flowers of garden plants.2、用短语的适当形式填空1.He should have an operation,or he will be __________losing his life.2.You should __________the plan for a moment,and then make a decision.3.Look!The oil painting on the wall is hanging__________.4.Not having noticed the man on the corner,Mary __________when she saw him.5.Tony seemed very shallow and he didn’t__________the potential dangers.6.We heard the bell striking 2 o’clock__________.7.He took __________cigarettes from his shirt pocket.8.After a long tiring day,she is __________delicious food.9.Those who agree __________your hands!10.A lot of advanced technology will be __________from foreign countries.3、 John Perry stood up and looked around again.The island had been a good place to find shells.But now how could he make the 1 move out tosea?If they swam out to sea he could jump in and get to theshore 2 they saw him.He saw the sharks rolling and playing.Their 3 was now gone and they were killing for fun.How could he make them move away?He drew his knife from his belt.Sharks can 4 blood,he thought.He put the knife against his leg and cut deep into the 5 .The blood ran out and he caught it on his white shirt.When the shirt was red and wet he tied some cloth around his leg to 6 the flow of blood.He then tied a long piece of cloth to the shirt,threw it into the waterand 7 it with the piece of cloth.The sharks smelled the blood and came 8 toward the shirt.He ran down the sand reef pulling the shirt and the sharks raced after it.Hewas 9 them away from shore.Suddenly he dropped the cloth,turned toward the 10 and ran as fast as he could.He jumped in the water and swam.He was halfway across 11 he turned to look back.A high bony fin(鳍)was 12 through the water toward him.He put his face in the water and kicked and splashed himself 13 as fast as he could.The shore was near now.He lifted his head again to 14 and he saw the shore very near.From behind he left the water rush toward him,almost pushing him,helping him.And then a great gray body hit him and almost rolled him over in the water.He touched the shore with 15 and he pulled himself up the stones.The shark, 16 by the smell of blood and the chase(追逐),went wildly after him.Its great body crashed against 17 .The end came quickly and the water was covered with the shark’s blood.The injured shark was eaten up 18 by others as it tried to escape.Perry slowly struggled 19 his feet.“So,”he said,“you did not get me.”And he looked down at the sharks still eating 20 they weren’t hungry.He climbed up the stones and walked toward the village.1.A.boats B.sharks C.soldiers D.shells2.A.before B.after C.until D.when3.A.food B.hunger C.anger D.wish4.A.fear B.taste C.drink D.smell5.A.sand B.shark C.flesh D.meat6.A.stop B.keep C.join D.cause7.A.pulled B.wrapped C.connected D.caught8.A.running B.racing C.swimming D.jumping9.A.driving B.keeping C.preventing D.leading10.A.sea B.shore C.island D.sand11.A.before B.while C.unless D.when12.A.going B.running C.cutting D.swimming13.A.forward B.backward C.upward D.downward14.A.cry B.breathe C.swim D.escape15.A.his feet B.a stick C.his fingers D.the shirt16.A.interested B.frightened C.disappointed D.excited17.A.the shore B.Perry C.the stones D.the shells18.A.lively B.alive C.dead D.friendly19.A.on B.by C.to D.with20.A.as though B.even though C.as soon as D.as long as4、 Many people believe sharks(鲨鱼)are dangerous and will always try to hurt or even kill humans.In fact,94 percent of the world’s 400 species are harmless to humans.A shark exhibition at the National Aquarium Baltimore,the US,proves this.Visitors can touch young sharks,see their eggs develop and watch a dozen different species swim smoothly around a huge tank.Most people fail to realize that shark attacks don’t happen very often.Humans are most likely to be killed by lightning than by a shark.And to make this point clear,the museum has set up a special touching pool for children.There,kids can learn,from an early age,not to fear sharks.They can watch them develop inside their eggs and feel the skin of the older swimmers.“People fear what they don’t know,”said Nancy Hotchkiss,an organizer of the exhibition,which runs until December.“Sharks have been around for 400 mill ion years and play an important role in the ocean’s food chain.We want people to discover that sharks are amazing animals that need our respect and protection.”A shocking 100 million sharks are special foods killed around the world by humans.A study published in January in theUSmagazine Science found that almost all recorded shark species have fallen by half in the past 8 to 15 years.Thousands of sharks are hunted in Asia for special foods,such as shark fin(鱼翅)soup.And many others get caught in nets,while fishermen are hunting other fish.More than half of all sharks are smaller than one metre long.“Some fishing methods are actually cleaning out the ocean,”said Dave Schofield,the manager of the aquarium’s museum.“The fishermen throw them away l ike rubbish.”It is a worrying situation and some areas have taken measures in place to protect these special fish.1.The main purpose of the shark exhibition is to __________________.A.show how sharks are born and develop in the oceanB.let people know more about sharks and protect themC.let children learn not to fear sharks from an early ageD.show how shark species have fallen in the past few years2.In the last but one paragraph,the underlined word“them”refers to _____________.A.small sharksB.fishing boatsC.fishing netsD.fishing methods3.What does Dave Schofield mean by saying “Some fishing methods are actually cleaning out the ocean”?rge sharks cannot be caught by some fishing methods.B.Only small sharks can be caught by some fishing methods.C.The ocean is being made cleaner by some fishing methods.D.Too many sharks are being killed by some fishing methods.4.It can be inferred from the article that ____________________.A.the writer is surprised to know sharks always hurt peopleB.the writer is happy to know sharks are harmless to peopleC.the writer is worried about the present situation of shark speciesD.the writer is pleased to know the ocean is becoming much cleaner5、 What do you know about the sea?We know that it looks very pretty when the sun is shining on it.We also know that it can be very rough when there is a strong wind.What other things do we know about it?The first thing to remember is that the sea is very big.When you look at the map of the world you will find there is more water than land.The sea covers three quarters of the world.The sea is also very deep in some places.It is not deep everywhere.Some parts of the sea are very shallow.But in some places the depth of the sea is very great.There is one spot,near Japan,where the sea is nearly 11 kilometres deep!The highest mountain in the world is about 9 kilometres high.If that mountain were put into the sea at that place,there would be 2 kilometres of water above it!What a deep place!If you have swum in the sea,you know that it is salty.You can taste the salt.Rivers,which flow into the sea,carry salt from the land into the sea.Some partsof the sea are saltier than other parts.There is one sea,called the Dead Sea,which is very salty.It is so salty that swimmers cannot sink!Fish cannot live in the Dead Sea!In most parts of the sea,there are plenty of fishes and plants.Some live near the top of the sea.Others live deep down.There are also millions of tiny living things that float in the sea.These floating things are so small that it is hard to see them.Many fish live by eating these.The sea can be very cold.Divers who go deep down in the sea know this.On the top the water may be warm.When the diver goes downwards,the sea becomes colder and colder.Another thing happens.When the diver goes deeper,the water above presses down on him.It squeezes him.Then the diver has to wear clothes made of metal.But he cannot go very deep.Some people who wanted to go very deep used a very strong diving ship!They went down to the deepest part of the sea in it.They went down to a depth of eleven kilometres!1.When does the sea look beautiful?A.When it is calm.B.When the weather is fine.C.When there is a strong wind.D.When there is storm.2.Why does the author cite(引用)the sea somewhere in Japan?A.To show that the sea in some places is very deep.B.To show that the sea in some places is very rough.C.To show that its depth is 9 kilometres greater than the height of the highest mountain.D.To show that its depth is 11 kilometres greater than the height of the highest mountain.3.Which of the following statements about the Dead Sea is NOT true?A.There are plenty of fishes in it.B.It is a safe place for swimmers.C.It is extremely salty.D.No fish can be found in it.4.Why can’t people go very deep in the sea?A.Because the deepest part of the sea is very cold.B.Because the deepest part of the sea is very rough.C.Because the pressure of water at great depths is unendurable(无法忍受的).D.Because the deepest part of the sea is very salty.6、 If a diver surfaces too quickly, he may suffer the bends. Nitrogen(氮) dissolved(溶解) in his blood is suddenly liberated by the reduction of pressure. The consequence, if the bubbles(气泡) accumulate in a joint, is sharp pain and a bent body—thus the name. If the bubbles from in his lungs or his brain, the consequence can be death.Other air-breathing animals also suffer this decompression(减压) sickness if they surface too fast:whales, for example. And so, long ago, did ichthyosaurs. That these ancient sea animals got the bends can be seen from their bones. If bubbles of nitrogen form inside the bone they can cut off its blood supply. This kills the cells in the bone, and consequently weakens it, sometimes to the point of collapse. Fossil(化石) bones that have caved in on themselves are thus a sign that the animal once had the bends.Bruce Rothschild of the University of Kansas knew all this when he began a study of ichthyosaur bones to find out how widespread the problem was in the past. What he particularly wanted to investigate was how ichthyosaurs adapted to the problem of decompression over the 150 million years. To this end, he and his colleagues traveled the world’s natural-history museums, looking at hundreds of ichthyosaurs from the Triassic period and from the later Jurassic and Cretaceous periods.When he started, he assumed that signs of the bends would be rarer in younger fossils, reflecting their gradual evolution of measures to deal with decompression. Instead, he was astonished to discover the opposite. More than 15% of Jurassic andCretaceous ichthyosaurs had suffered the bends before they died, but not a single Triassic specimen(标本) showed evidence of that sort of injury.If ichthyosaurs did evolve an anti-decompression means, they clearly did so quickly—and, most strangely, they lost it afterwards. But that is not what Dr Rothschild thinks happened He suspects it was evolution in other animals that caused the change.Whales that suffer the bends often do so because they have surfaced to escape a predator(捕食动物) such as a large shark. One of the features of Jurassic oceans was an abundance of large sharks and crocodiles, both of which were fond of ichthyosaur lunches. Triassic oceans, by contrast, were mercifully shark-and crocodile-free. In the Triassic, then, ichthyosaurs were top of the food chain. In the Jurassic and Cretaceous, they were prey(猎物) as well as predator—and often had to make a speedy exit as a result.1.Which of the following is a typical symptom of the bends?A.A twisted body.B.A gradual decrease in blood supply.C.A sudden release of nitrogen in blood.D.A drop in blood pressure.2.The purpose of Rothschild s study is tosee .A.how often ichthyosaurs caught the bendsB.how ichthyosaurs adapted to decompressionC.why ichthyosaurs bent their bodiesD.when ichthyosaurs broke their bones3.Rothschilds finding stated in Paragraph4 .A.confirmed his assumptionB.speeded up his research processC.disagreed with his assumptionD.changed his research objectives4.Rothschild might have concluded thatichthyosaurs .A.failed to evolve an anti-decompression meansB.gradually developed measures against the bendsC.died out because of large sharks and crocodilesD.evolved an anti-decompression means but soon lost it7、下面短文中有10处语言错误。
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