动词的时态和语态

动词的时态和语态

（一） 动词是谓语动所表示的动作或情况发生时间的各种形式。英语动词有16种时态，但是常用的只有9种：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、过去将来时、现在完成进行时。下面分别介绍。

1、 一般现在时的用法

1） 表示经常性、习惯性的动作；表示现在的状态、特征和真理。句中常用 often,

usually, every day 等时间状语。例如：

a. He goes to school every day.

b. He is very happy.

earth moves around the sun.

2) 在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来。例如：

a. If you come this afternoon, we’ll have a meeting.

b. When I graduate, I’ll go to countryside.

3) 有时这个时态表示按计划、规定要发生的动作（句中都带有时间状语），但限于少数动词，如：begin, come, leave, go ,arrive, start , stop, return, open, close等。例如：

a. The meeting begins at seven.

b. The rain starts at nine in the morning.

4) 表示状态和感觉的动词(be, like, hate, think, remember, find, sound 等)常用一般现在进行时。

a. I like English very much.

b. The story sound very interesting.

5) 书报的标题、小说等情节介绍常用一般现在时。

2.一般现在时的用法

实用文档 动词的时态和语态

时 态

一般现在时

(1)可表示客观真理、科学事实。

The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.

太阳从东方升起，从西方落下。

(2)可用在由if，unless引导的条件状语从句，由even/if/though引导的让步状语从句，由when，before，until/till，as soon as，the moment引导的时间状语从句，由no

matter what/who/when/where/how或whatever，whoever等引导的让步状语从句中，这时主句往往表将来或主句是祈使句。

I’ll go with you as soon as I finish it.

我一做完，就与你一同去。

Whatever you say，I will not change my mind.

无论你说什么，我都不会改变主意。

一般过去时

表示“刚才，在过去”之意，暗示现在已“不再这样”。

—Your phone number again？I didn’t quite catch it.

——再重述一下你的电话号码好吗？我没记下来。

—It’s 9568686. 实用文档 ——是9568686。

一般将来时

(1)“will＋动词原形”表示事物的固有属性与必然趋势。

Fish will die without water.离开水，鱼就会死。

(2)“be going to＋动词原形”可表示根据迹象对未来进行推断。

Look at the dark clouds.It is going to rain.

看那乌云，要下雨了。

(3)“be about to＋动词原形”表示立即的将来，很少与时间状语连用。

The train is about to start.火车就要开了。

(4)位移动词如come，go，arrive等，其一般现在时表按时间表将要发生的事，现在进行时可表计划、安排要做的事。

龙源期刊网

动词的时态、语态

作者：

来源：《时代英语·高三》2014年第05期

1. Anne ___ to Australia seven months ago.

A. went B. has been

C. goes D. has gone

2. — Have you seen Peter recently？

— Yes. He asked me to ask you how you ___ along with your new job these days.

A. have been getting B. were getting

C. are getting D. are getting

3. I hope her health ___ greatly by the time we come back next year.

A. improves B. will improve

C. has improved D. will have improved

4. Mrs Green wants to buy that kind of cloth because the cloth ___ very well.

A. washes B. is washed

C. will be washed D. will wash

5. By the time you ___ this book， your meal will get cold.

A. will have finished B. have finished

C. are finishing D. finished

动词的时态和语态

高考常考动词的时态和语态

一般现在时

一般过去时

一般将来时

过去将来时

现在进行时

过去进行时

现在完成时

过去完成时

将来进行时

现在/完成进行时

1 一般现在时考点:

在时间、条件、让步状语从句中表示将来动作(主将从现):

When you come next time, bring me some magazines.

We shall go there tomorrow, if time allows.

Whether he agrees or not, I will stay at home.

表时间引导词: when; before; until/till; as soon as; the moment; immediately

表条件引导词: if; unless; once

表让步引导词: whenever; no matter when; even if/even though; in case

If he comes back, I will tell him when he _____ to see you again.

A. comes B. is going to come C. will come D. came

(06上海)Send my regards to your lovely wife when you _____ home.

A. wrote B. will write C. have written D. write

(06全I) 2l. The house belongs to my aunt but she______ here any more.

A. hasn't lived B. didn't live C. hadn't lived D. doesn't live