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大学英语英语四级练习卷(及答案) (4)

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大学英语四级试练习卷

一、阅读理解

阅读理解（一）

Whytheinductiveandmathematicalsciences,aftertheirfirstrapid

developmentattheculminationofGreekcivilization,advancedsoslowlyfor

twothousandyears—andwhyinthefollowingtwohundredyearsaknowledge

ofnaturalandmathematicalsciencehasaccumulated,whichsovastlyexceeds

allthatwaspreviouslyknownthatthesesciencesmaybejustlyregardedas

theproductsofourowntimes—arequestionswhichhaveinterestedthemodern

philosophernotlessthantheobjectswithwhichthesesciencesaremore

immediatelyconversant.Wasittheemploymentofanewmethodofresearch,

orintheexerciseofgreatervirtueintheuseoftheoldmethods,thatthis

singularmodernphenomenonhaditsorigin?Wasthelongperiodoneofarrested

development,andisthemoderneraoneofnormalgrowth?Orshouldweascribe

thecharacteristicsofbothperiodstoso-calledhistoricalaccidents—tothe

influenceofconjunctionsincircumstancesofwhichnoexplanationispossible,

saveintheomnipotenceandwisdomofaguidingProvidence?

Theexplanationwhichhasbecomecommonplace,thattheancientsemployed

deductionchieflyintheirscientificinquiries,whilethemodernsemploy

induction,provestobetoonarrow,andfailsuponcloseexaminationtopoint

withsufficientdistinctnessthecontrastthatisevidentbetweenancientand

modernscientificdoctrinesandinquiries.Forallknowledgeisfoundedon

observation,andproceedsfromthisbyanalysis,bysynthesisandanalysis,byinductionanddeduction,andifpossiblebyverification,orbynewappeals

toobservationundertheguidanceofdeduction—bystepswhichareindeed

correlativepartsofonemethod;andtheancientsciencesaffordexamplesof

everyoneofthesemethods,orpartsofonemethod,whichhavebeengeneralized

fromtheexamplesofscience.

Afailuretoemployortoemployadequatelyanyoneofthesepartialmethods,

animperfectionintheartsandresourcesofobservationandexperiment,

carelessnessinobservation,neglectofrelevantfacts,byappealto

experimentandobservation—thesearethefaultswhichcauseallfailuresto

ascertaintruth,whetheramongtheancientsorthemoderns;butthisstatement

doesnotexplainwhythemodernispossessedofagreatervirtue,andbywhat

meansheattainedhissuperiority.Muchlessdoesitexplainthesuddengrowth

ofscienceinrecenttimes.

Theattempttodiscovertheexplanationofthisphenomenonintheantithesis

of“facts”and“theories”or“facts”and“ideas”—intheneglectamong

theancientsoftheformer,andtheirtooexclusiveattentiontothelatter

—provesalsotobetoonarrow,aswellasopentothechargeofvagueness.

Forinthefirstplace,theantithesisisnotcomplete.Factsandtheories

arenotcoordinatespecies.Theories,iftrue,arefacts—aparticularclass

offactsindeed,generallycomplex,andifalogicalconnectionsubsists

betweentheirconstituents,haveallthepositiveattributesoftheories.

Nevertheless,thisdistinction,howeverinadequateitmaybetoexplainthe

sourceoftruemethodinscience,iswellfounded,andconnotesanimportant

characterintruemethod.Afactisapropositionofsimple.Atheory,ontheotherhand,iftruehasallthecharacteristicsofafact,exceptthatits

verificationispossibleonlybyindirect,remote,anddifficultmeans.To

converttheoriesintofactsistoaddsimpleverification,andthetheorythus

acquiresthefullcharacteristicsofafact.

"1.Thetitlethatbestexpressestheideasofthispassageis"

[A].Philosophyofmathematics.[B].TheRecentGrowthin

Science.

[C].TheVerificationofFacts.[C].MethodsofScientific

Inquiry.

"2.Accordingtotheauthor,onepossiblereasonforthegrowthofscience

duringthedaysoftheancientGreeksandinmoderntimesis"

[A].thesimilaritybetweenthetwoperiods.

[B].thatitwasanactofGod.

[C].thatbothtriedtodeveloptheinductivemethod.

[D].duetothedeclineofthedeductivemethod.

"3.Thedifferencebetween“fact”and“theory”"

[A].isthatthelatterneedsconfirmation.

[B].restsonthesimplicityoftheformer.

[C].isthedifferencebetweenthemodernscientistsandtheancientGreeks.

[D].helpsustounderstandthedeductivemethod.

"4.Accordingtotheauthor,mathematicsis"

[A].aninductivescience.[B].inneedofsimpleverification.

[C].adeductivescience.[D].basedonfactandtheory.

"5.Thestatement“Theoriesarefacts”maybecalled."[A].ametaphor.[B].aparadox.

[C].anappraisaloftheinductiveanddeductivemethods.

[D].apun.

阅读理解（二）

Onthe36thdayaftertheyhadvoted,AmericansfinallylearnedWednesdaywho

wouldbetheirnextpresident:GovernorGeorgeW.BushofTexas.

VicePresidentAlGore,hislastrealisticavenueforlegalchallengeclosed

byaU.S.SupremeCourtdecisionlateTuesday,plannedtoendthecontest

formallyinatelevisedeveningspeechofperhaps10minutes,adviserssaid.

TheysaidthatSenatorJosephLieberman,hisvicepresidentialrunningmate,

wouldfirstmakebriefcomments.Themenwouldspeakfromaceremonialchamber

oftheOldExecutiveofficeBuilding,tothewestoftheWhiteHouse.

ThedozensofpoliticalworkersandlawyerswhohadhelpedleadMr.Gore’

sunprecedentedfighttoclawacome-from-behindelectoralvictoryinthe

pivotalstateofFloridawerethankedWednesdayandaskedtostanddown.

“Thevicepresidenthasdirectedtherecountcommitteetosuspendactivities,”

WilliamDaley,theGorecampaignchairman,saidinawrittenstatement.

Mr.Goreauthorizedthatstatementaftermeetingwithhiswife,Tipper,and

withtopadvisersincludingMr.Daley.

合集下载

大学英语精读4英译汉练习答案

大学英语精读4英译汉练习答案

TEST YOURSELF 1

16. 他们竭尽全力把新闻泄漏(news leakage)的后果减少到最低限度。

They went to great lengths to minimize the consequence of the news leakage.

17. 你理应懂得不该积下这么多的债务。

17. You should have known better than to accumulate such large amounts of debt.

18.不管是谁想出这么奇妙的主意，他都应该有权在这个委员会上获得一个席位。

18. Whoever conceived the marvelous idea is entitled to a seat on the committee.

19.如果你从现在起每个月存上几块钱，不到30岁你就有一笔可观的存款可用了。

19. If you deposit a few dollars/bucks every month from now on, you'll have considerable

savings to draw on before you reach 30.

20. 那个经济学家说如果利率调高几个点经济就会放缓，我看这是夸张。

…

20. I think the economist was exaggerating when he said the economy would slow down if the

interest rates were raised a few points.

11. 当朱莉娅·罗伯茨出现在舞台上向观众讲话时，大家热烈鼓掌，接着，照相机的灯光闪个不停。

11. When Julia Roberts appeared on the stage to address the audience, there was hearty

大学英语四级(听力)练习试卷4(题后含答案及解析)

大学英语四级(听力)练习试卷4(题后含答案及解析)

大学英语四级（听力）练习试卷4 (题后含答案及解析)

题型有： 3. Listening Comprehension

Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)

Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2

long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be

asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken

only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read

the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer.

听力原文：W: I waited until 10:20 for you.M: I must have arrived 8 minutes

after you left.Q: When did the man arrive?

1．

A．10:20.

B．10:12.

C．10:28.

D．10:08.

正确答案：C 涉及知识点：听力

听力原文：W: I think we’ve covered everything. What about a cup of coffee

before we move on to the next item?M: Good idea. I really can’t wait another

大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案(四)

大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案(四)

大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案（四）

十六

Trees should only be pruned when there is a good and

clear reason for doing so and , fortunately,the number of such

reasons is small. Pruning involves the cutting away of

obergrown and unwanted branches, and the inexperienced

gardener can be encouraged by the thought that more

damage results from doing it unnecessarily than from leaving

the tree to grow in its own way.

First, pruning may be done to make sure that trees have

a desired shape or size. The object may be to get a tree of the

right height, and at the same time to help the growth of small

side branches which will thicken its appearance or give it a

special shape. Secondly, pruning may be done to make the

tree healthier. You may cut diseaed or dead wood, or

branches that are rubbing against each other and thus cause

2015年英语四级阅读练习及答案(4)

2015年英语四级阅读练习及答案(4)

2015年英语四级阅读练习及答案(4)

页 1 2015年英语四级阅读练习及答案(4)

Section C

Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices markedA．,B．, C． andD．. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on

Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

Passage One

Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.

An industrial society, especially one as centralized and concentrated as that of Britain, is heavily dependent on certain essential services: for instance, electricity supply, water, rail and road transport, the harbors. The area of dependency has widened to include removing rubbish, hospital and ambulance services, and, as the economy develops, central computer and information services as well. If any of these services ceases to operate, the whole economic system is in danger.