2019年中石油职称英语新版选读文章系列(52).doc

2019 年中石油职称英语新版选读文章系列(2) English is a Crazy Language 英语是一门疯狂的语言1. Let's face it-English is a crazy language .There is no egg in eggplant nor ham in hamburger; neither apple nor pine in pineapple. English muffins weren't invented in England nor French fries in France. Sweetmeats are candies while sweetbreads,which aren't sweet,are meat.翻译：让我们接受现实吧-- 英语是一种疯狂的语言。

茄子（eggplant ，字面意为鸡蛋植物）里并没有鸡蛋，汉堡包（hamburger ，字面意为火腿夹饼）里也没有火腿。

同样，菠萝（pineapple ，字面意为松树苹果）里既没有松树也没有苹果。

松饼（English muffin ，字面意为英式松饼）并不是英国人发明的，而炸薯条（French fries ，字面意为法式油炸食品）也不是法国人的发明。

“甜肉” （sweetmeat）指的是蜜饯，而“甜面包” （sweetbrea d）不是甜的，它指的是牛杂碎。

2. We take English for granted. But if we explore its paradoxes,we find that quicksand can work slowly,boxing rings are square and a guinea pig is neither from Guinea nor is it a pig. And why it is that writers write but fingers don't fing,grocers don't groce and hammers don't ham? If the plural of tooth is teeth,why isn't the plural of booth beeth? If you have one goose,two geese,why not one moose,two meese,or one index,two indices?翻译：我们理所当然地接受了英语的一切，但是如果我们分析一下英语中似是而非的情况，我们马上就会发现“快的沙子” （quicksand ，流沙，也指陷阱，困境）往往走得很慢，“拳击的圆圈” （boxing rings ，拳击场）是方的，“几内亚猪” （guinea pig ，天竺鼠）既不是来自几内亚，也不是猪。

中石油职称英语阅读理解练习文章中石油职称英语阅读理解练习文章本篇中石油职称英语阅读文章是关于文化禁忌的，每个文化都有着相同或者不同的禁忌，当我们到达那个国家时，我们需要注意，不要冒犯了别人。

下面是店铺整理的关于文化禁忌的中石油职称英语阅读文章及习题，希望能帮到大家!Cultural Taboos 文化禁忌1. The speed and convenience of modern travel means that(引导宾语从句) destinations that used to take a long time to travel to can now be reached quickly and easily. Even though "faraway" countries may now seem closer thanks to air travel, they may still be different from your home country. Therefore, it is important to adapt your behavior so that you don't insult or offend the local people. The following are some fundamental rules that will make communication easier and your trip more enjoyable.1、现代旅行的速度和便捷(convenience n. 便利)意味着过去需要花很长时间才能抵达的(that used to take a long time to travel to定语从句修饰destinations; used to do sth. 过去经常做某事; travel to 走访)目的地现在可以又快又轻松地到达。

2019年中石油职称英语新版选读文章系列(50)Managing In a Global Environment 在世界环境中实行管理1.Assume for a moment that you're a manager going to work for a branch of a global organization in a foreign country. You know that your environment will differ from the one at home,but how? What should you be looking for?1、此刻假设你是一位美国经理，你准备到一家世界组织的国外分支机构工作.。

你知道你的环境将与国内的不同，但二者的差异会达到什么水准呢?你理应注意些什么?2.Any manager who finds himself or herself in a foreign country faces new challenges. In this section,we'll look at some of those challenges and offer guidelines for responding. Although our discussion is presented through the eyes of a U.S. manager,our analytical framework could be used by any manager who nas to manager in a foreignenvironment,regardless of national origin.2、任何一位发觉自己处于一个陌生国家的管理者都面临着新的挑战。

在这个节中，我们将考察这些挑战，并对如何做出反应提供一些指导。

2019 年中石油职称英语新版选读文章系列(59)The Audacity of Hope 有希望则无所畏惧1.On behalf of the great state of Illinois,crossroads of a nation,Land of Lincoln,let me express my deepest gratitude for the privilege of addressing this convention. Tonight is a particular honor for me because,let's face it,my presence on this stage is pretty unlikely. My father was a foreign student,born and raised in a small village in Kenya. He grew up herding goats,went to school in a tin-roof shack. His father-my grandfather-was a cook,a domestic servant to the British.1、今晚我将在这里代表伟大的伊利诺伊州来向大会发表演讲，为此我感到无上荣幸。

众所周知，伊利诺伊州是全国的交通枢纽，林肯总统的发祥地。

另外，我能够站在讲台上向全党的代表发言实在是有点受宠若惊，因为坦率地讲，这对我来说几乎是做梦都想不到的事情。

请允许我先从我的出身讲起，我的父亲是个外国留学生，他土生土长在肯尼亚的一个小村庄，他从小在那里放羊，在简陋的铁皮顶小屋里上学。

他的父亲，也就是我的爷爷，是一位为别人做饭的家庭佣工。

2. But my grandfather had larger dreams for his son. Through hard work and perseverance my father got a scholarship to study in a magical place,America,that shone as a beacon of freedom and opportunity to so many who had come before. While studying here,my father met my mother. She was born in a town on the other side of the world,in Kansas. Her father worked on oil rigs and farms through most of the Depression. The day after Pearl Harbor my grandfather signed up for duty; joined Patton's army,marched across Europe. Back home,my grandmother raised a baby and went to work on a bomberassembly line. After the war,they studied on the G.I. Bill,bought a house through F.H.A.,and later moved west all the way to Hawaii in search of opportunity.2、但是我爷爷不想让我父亲步其后尘，他对我的父亲有着更大的期许和梦想。

（一）Origin of oil and Gas 石油和天然气的成因Oil and gas result mostly from石油和天然气大多是由缺氧环境下迅速被掩埋的死亡微生物生成的。

这种环境氧气奇缺致使这些微生物无法分解。

氧气的缺乏能够使那些死去的微生物保持它们的碳氢键——这是产生化石燃料的一种必要组分。

由板块构造运动和大陆裂谷作用（变形）而新近演化形成的大洋盆地，正好为在缺氧水域的快速埋藏提供了合适环境。

河流携带着丰富的有机残余物充填这些盆地。

由于这些盆地的水循环受到局限，因此，它们的含氧量比开阔大洋更低。

Plate tectonics is also responsible构块构造还形成了一个使有机质缓慢成熟演化成石油和天然气的“压力锅”。

油气生成过程通常要经历数百万年，从而为在板块运动背景下油气的运移提供了时间。

因为烃类化合物比水的浮力大，所以它们最终会竭力上升到地表。

同时裂谷作用，板块之间的碰撞以及其它构造力可以将沉积盆地深处成熟的石油或者天然气释放出来，并在这些有机流体逸散到地表之前，将它们圈闭在油气藏中，我们称这些油气藏为油气田。

The same plate tectonics that为缺氧条件下微生物的埋藏提供了空间和条件的板块构造运动同样对这些沉积盆地的后期地质演化起着重要作用。

大陆漂移、俯冲（一个板块俯冲到另一板块之下的过程）以及和其它大陆的碰撞作用能使沼泽、河流三角洲和温带气候区（大部分有机质沉积的地方）恰巧演变成现今的极地和沙漠环境。

(二)Evolution of Petroleum Exploration Concepts and Techniques石油勘探概念和技术的演变From the days of从圣经里的诺亚时代到OPEC（石油输出国组织）时代，石油地质学家这一职业需要越来越多的技能，要求越来越高。

早期石油都是人们满怀热情、乐观和冒险精神，在乡村信步游荡时发现的。

2019 年中石油职称英语新版选读文章系列(52) Sales Promotion 产品促销1. Sales promotion consists of those promotionalactivities other than advertising,personal selling,andpublicity. As such,any promotional activities that do notfall under the other three activities of the promotion mixare considered sales promotion. The trade often uses the termindiscriminately. Businesspersons may use the term“promotion ”when they actually mean “sales promotion. ”Forpurpose here,promotion is a broad term that encompasses salespromotion as well as the other three promotional activities.1、产品促销指的是不同于广告、个人销售和宣传的推销活动。

所以，不属于以上三种推销活动的推销活动都被认为是促销。

实际生活中经常不加区分地使用这个概念。

商务人员在说“推销”时，实际上指的是“促销”。

本文中，推销是一个广义的概念，它包括促销以及其他三种推销活动。

2. The techniques of sales promotion are varied andnumerous. The common ones used arecoupons,sweepstakes,games,contests,price-offs,demonstrations,premiums,samples,and money refund offers.A combination of these can be used and sometimes is used inthe same campaign.2、推销的手段多种多样，数不胜数。

中石油职称英语真题（打印版）（可编辑修改word版）2005年真题I. Vocabulary(20 points)1.Within days he became paralyzed, and people feared that he might die.But he _________.a. absorbedb. dissolvedc. discoveredd. recovered2. Tilden, the other presidential ______, actually received more votes.a. advocateb. candidatec. sponsord. opponent3. An Olympic runner wins a _______.a. medalb. modelc. modled. modest4. To find out how the bees managed to tell time, an unusual experiment was _______ four years ago. a. carried on b. carried away c. carried out d. carried out5. Every society has its own peculiar custom and _____ of acting.a. waysb. behaviorc. attituded. means6. They ______ their knowledge in the exploding world of ideas.a. modernizeb. supplyc. updated. upgrade7. I should like to rent a house, modern, comfortable and ______ in a quiet neighborhood.a. all in allb. above allc. after all d over all 8. It’s difficult to divine what c onstitutes an ______ tip in any country.a. appropriateb. thoughtfulc. considerabled. sufficient9. Shipbuilders would not _____ their money unless they knew that they could make a profit.a. investb. invent d. involve d. invite10. At the end of four years, these six extra hours of each year ____ twenty-four hours, or one full day.a. add up tob. make up forc. come up withd. put up with11. Don’t ______ this news to the public until we give you the go-head.a. releaseb. relievec. related. retain12. Earth is one of nine planets which ______ around the sun.a. spinb. rollc. rotated. revolve13. “No sense in you getting us both killed!” I yelled _____ him.a. atb. withc. tod. out14. What you have done is ______ doctor’s orders.a. attached tob. responsible toc. resistant tod. contrary to15. I want to express the _____ of all of us, for this wonderfully warm welcome.a. appreciationb. enjoyment d. evaluation d. reputation16. We hire and ______ people mainly for their ability to do business.a. proceedb. progressc. promised. promote17. According to government mandate in the Lion City,tipping is not ______.a. admittedb. remittedc. permittedd. emitted18. The environmental costs were regarded more as temporary inconveniences than as _____ liability.a. imaginativeb. peculiarc. persistentd. original19. Scientists predict that the world’s known oil resources will _____early in the next century.a. run offb. run outc. run upd. run over20. Now a person works for a certain amount of money _____ he can pay for food and clothing.a. in caseb. so thatc. as tod. such asII. Grammar (20 points)21. The basic rock material is referred to ______.a. as the matrixb. be the matrixc. by scientist to be the matrixd. as being the matrix22. The oil industry of India ______ two World Wars and withstood theeconomic, social and political upheavals of a particularly troubled century.a. survivedb. has survivedc. was survived tod. has beensurviving23. Although baleen whale may weigh ______ twenty elephants, it feeds onsea plants and animals.a. so much tob. as much toc. so much asd. as much as24. Man uses the energy for everything from flying to the moon to ______about it.a. thinkb. thoughtc. thinkingd. will think25. _______ his arms over his head, Lincoln declared he was the “bigbuck of the lick.”a. Waveb. Wavingc. Wavedd. Been waved26. ______ retire are still able to receive pension that they have paidinto the social security system during their working days.a. Most peopleb. since most peoplec. Most people ared. Mostpeople who27. The reward was not always given to everyone, nor _____ to those whodeserved it most. a. it was not given b. was given c. it was not given nor d. wasnot it given28. Between 1890 and 1970 the monetary costs of supplying energy _____more or less constant or declined.a. to stayb. was stayedc. stayedd. has stayed29. The water ________ Manhattan has been very important to New York.a. surroundb. is surroundedc. surroundingd. surrounded30. The assumption _____ human cloning rests is that all genetic cellscontain exact copies of the original set o9f genetic instructions.a. on whichb. on thatc. at whichd. which31. For the creatures to become oil, it was necessary that they ______between layers of rock for an enormous length of time.a. been imprisonedb. shall be imprisonc. should be imprisond.will be imprisoned32. The gas-oil contact or gas-water contact_____ the lower limit ofproducible gas.a. isb. arec. wered. has been33. There is also an interest in sea horse, puffers and other saltytypes with shapes ____ and colors ____ than even the showiest of fresh-water fish.a. more strange…more brightb. stranger…. brighterc. stranger… more brighterd. more strange…brighter34. _______ was a planted sapling of the American redwood tree.a. There is one of the giftsb. One of the gifts thatc. That oneof the gifts d. One of the gifts35. An air ship _______ by energy from the sun has been suggested.a. poweringb. to powerc. is poweredd. powered36. Most scientists agree _______ was hot for at least a time.a. some of the moon thatb. some of the moon itc. that some of the moond. while some of the moon37. A group of scientists demanded that the federal government ____ all the studies it has founded on cloning.a. revealb. revealedc. is revealingd. must reveal38. _______ hearing is really produced in all animals by the effect of pressure is not definitely known by scientists.a. If or notb. Whether or notc. have never heard ofd. had never heard of39. It was something we ________.a. never hear ofb. have never heard ofc. never heard ofd. had never heard of40. “Could I borrow your bike?”“Yes, you_________”. a. can b. could c. may d. wouldIII. Reading comprehension (30 points)Question 41-44Saudi Arabia, OPEC’s cautious giant, understands all this. When Bill Clinton met Saudi Arabia’s Crown Prince Abdullah this week, Mr. Clinton argued for an output rise big enough to put an end to these painful prices. Prince Abdullah has promised to “make every effort to ensure equilibrium in the oil markets and to stabilise prices.” This week he revealed that Saudi Arabia has been quietly leaking an extra 600,000 barrels per day (bpd) on to the market since July in an effort to cool prices..If that is true, it just goes to show that managing the oil markets is easier said than done. Despite several Saudi-inspired output increases by the cartel in recent months, the price has remained stubbornly high; this week, it soared to nearly $35 a barrel, the highest since theGulf war in 1990. As the cartel’s oil ministers gather in Vienna on September 10th to hammer out new production quotas, theyare once again under intense pressure to release more oil, and fast.To hear OPEC members talk, you might think that serious price relief is on the way. There is discussion of “managing” prices down through a newish price mechanism. At the cartel’s meeting in March, ministers quietly agreed a grand new plan to keep oil within a target band of $22-28 a barrel. If the price of a basket of seven OPEC crudes stays below $22 for 20 trading days, the cartel is supposed to cut production by 500,000 barrels a 0ay. If it stays above $28 for 20 trading days, it will automatically raiseproduction by the same amount. This price band has become the main topic of discussion in advance of the upcoming gathering of ministers. Prince Abdullah even talks of a return to a stable market within months.Oil traders and analysts note that the 20-day limit looks likely to be triggered again this week. A new report by Lehman Brothers, an investment bank, echoes the view of many: “Our expectation is that production will be increased by 500,000 bpd, either through the price mechanism or through a separate agreement.” When it released new figures suggesting that domestic oil-stock levels are lower than previously thought, the American government’s Energy Information Administration added that it too expects an increase of that size. Adding support to this theory are mumblings from OPEC delegates in support of the mechanism.Two decades ago, in the year of the cartel’s 20th birthday celeb rations, ministers gathered in Indonesia to hammer out details of a clever new scheme: a mechanism whereby the price of oil would be fixed, and adjusted every quarter automatically for such factors as inflation and currency fluctuations. Members had agreed on the ambitious plan, except for one crucial detail: at what price to start this price-peg crawling. The cautious Saudis, the self-proclaimed guardians of the oilmarket, wanted a price below $30 a barrel; the hawks in the cartel, unconcerned about consumers’ pain, demanded a much higher price. The ensuing bickering ensured that the scheme collapsed.History may now be repeating itself. When the current price-stabilization scheme was first unveiled, punters with short memories placed big bets that the cartel would adhere to it. Bymid-June, the price basket had sailed past the 20-day upper trigger. But OPEC did not “automatically” release 500,000 barrels. Various confused and contradictory explanations surfaced from ministers, but not the oil. Only at their next officially scheduled meeting did they come up with a meager quota increase.41. The passage confirms thata. high oil prices can be controlled if OPEC increase oil output.b. Bill Clinton accomplished his mission for the visit to Prince Abdullah.c. Abdullah made all his efforts to control oil price without considering the benefits of his own country.d. managing the oil market is easier said than done.42. How many oil price schemes were recommended by OPEC ministers according to the passage?a. Oneb. Twoc. Threed. Four43. What’s the author’s opinion about Saudi Arabia?a. Saudi Arabia is the largest country among the members of OPEC.b. Saudi Arabia is the most active country in OPEC to control oil prices for the benefit of the rest of the world.c. Saudi Arabia is the guardian of the world oil market.d. Saudi Arabia seems to have strong intention to control the oil pricesto a acceptable level, but it takes actions very carefully for the consideration of its own benefit.44. What can you infer fromthe passage?a. OPEC is, in the most cases, not reliable.b. all the members of OPEC have the intention to lower oil prices whenthe prices get very high.c. The oil prices are fully controlled by the market and OPEC can donothing with them even though they wish tod. In most cases OPEC has been very efficient in managing oil prices. Question 45-48The horse preceded man on earth. Although the earliest remains of primitive horses have been found on the North American continent, many scientist believe this small species traveled over a land mass in the Bering Sea to found the beginnings of the modern horse in Asia. It became extinct in America. Other scientists believe that the horse may have originated in Asia. In any event the animal soon spread into China, Europe, and the Middle East. The first modern horses to be introduced into the American continent came with the early Spanish explorers. Horses were bred into many types. The heavy horses developed in the low countries of Europe and were used for Arabian. The only true wild horses left in the 20th century are found in Mongolia. Horses are said to rate in intelligence after the ape, elephant, and dog. They have excellent memories and can sometimes find their way home when lost, and sense danger better that their masters. The early civilizations of man that had made use of ht horse developed more rapidly than those which did not.45. Some of the characteristics of the horse are _________a. poor memoriesb. great loyaltyc. more intelligent the dogd. in some areas they can surpass theabilities of man46. The horse originated___________a. in the Middle Eastb. in Europec. on the North Americancontinent d. in Spain47. The primary uses of the horse for early man were ___________a. for foodb. for prestigec. to make moneyd. to work for him48. What can be said about the varieties of horses?a. The early horses were larger than the more modern breeds.b. The only true wild horses left in the 20th century are in the Middle East.c. The oldest breed of the modern horse is said to be the Arabian.d. Medieval knights preferred fast, active horses.Questions 49-52Recent intrusions into the lives of public figures have highlighted the lack of laws guarding privacy in Britain. As a result, one issue under discussion as Parliament returns this week is the possible introduction of legislation to curb press powers.The government will probably take no action until it receives a report from a committee chaired by Sir David Calcutt, due in January 1993. the committee is examining whether the pressshould be regulated by tougher legislation. It is also considering the ways in which the press has invaded the private lives of the famous.The Calcutt committee has reported once before, in 1990. it recommendations led to the creation of the Press Complaints Commission, under which the press was given the chance to regulate itself without the need for a privacy law. It also proposed a new criminal offence of physical intrusion to obtain information for publication.This proposal, which was not acted upon, would have made it unlawful to photograph people on private property to record their conversations without permission. It would have made it an offence to enter a property to place a bug or obtain personal information.The committee said that the press should be allowed to invade the privacy of a public figure only when it was likely to expose or prevent criminal activity, otherwise his or privacy should be left alone. But a general law protecting privacy was rejected.Since then, reports in some newspapers and magazines about people’s private lives have ignored the committee’s recommendations. The private lives of Government Ministers and members of the Royal Family have featured prominently in the press. Photographs of the Duchess of York Sunbathing in France, for example, have been widely published.Some sections of the media justify their intrusion by saying it is in the public interest. In a democracy, they argue, the public has a right to know what people in positions of power are doing. Politicians and others are accountable for their lives. Privacy laws, these critics say, would protect the privileged.Additionally, many politicians use their private lives to gain popular support, for example by parading their families before cameras to emphasized “traditional value”. Hence, some editors say they are justified in prying into private lives to uncover any faults.Likewise, the Royal Family is supported from public funds, and therefore it is argued that its members should lead responsible private lives.49. Which of the following occurred recently in Britain?a. a report from a committee chaired by Sir David Calcutt. B. Intrusion into the lives of public figuresc. Introduction of legislation to cub press powerd. The Government’s action to protect privacy.50. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?a. The press has more freedom to publish privacy of the famous after thefoundation of the Press Complaints Commission.b. To photograph public figures on public property is legal.。

51. Einstein's Inspiring[激励人心的] Heir[n.继承人].爱因斯坦的激励人心的继承人、1. He is almost totally paralyzed[adj.瘫痪的], speechless and wheelchair-bound[adj.被束缚的], able to move only his facial muscles and two fingers on his left hand. He cannot dress or feed himself, and he needs round-the-clock[a.一整天的] nursing care. He can communicate only through a voice synthesizer[语音合成器], which he operates by laboriously[ad.费力的]tapping[(tap):轻敲]out words on the computer attached to his motorized[给..装发动机的] chair. Yet at age 50, despite these crushing[决定性的] adversities[(adversity):n.不幸], Stephen Hawking[霍金] has become, in the words of science writers Michael White and John Gribbin, "perhaps the greatest physicist[n.物理学家]of our time." His 1988 book, A Brief History of Time, has sold 1.7 million copies around the world.1、他几乎完全瘫痪，不能说话，离不开轮椅，能够活动的只有他面部的肌肉和他左手的两个指头。

目录中石油职称英语教材_2013年版1. The Value of Time时间的价值 (3)2.English is a Crazy Language 英语是一门疯狂的语言 (4)3.All I Learned in Kindergarten 幼儿园所学的 (6)4. How to Negotiate with Americans如何与美国人谈判 (7)5. Network Security网络安全 (9)6.Carbon-based Alternative 碳基替代燃料 (11)7. Automatic Auto: a Car That Drives Itself无人驾驶汽车 (13)8.Our Family Creed 家族的信条 (15)9．The art of public Speaking 公共演讲的艺术 (16)10. Sweep a Fuel Craft Invest Fever清洁能源行业投资热潮 (18)11.Smoking and Cancer 吸烟和癌 (19)12. The Positive Meanings of Love爱的真谛 (21)13. Does Exercise Have Unexpected Benefits? 运动有奇效吗？ (24)14.Taking chances, Making chances 抓住机遇，制造机遇 (26)15.The Province of Alberta 阿尔伯达省 (27)16. The American Way: Family美国人的家庭观 (29)17. Computers Give Big Boosts to Productivity计算机技术极大提高生产效率 (30)18. The Principles of International Trade国际贸易原理 (32)19. A World without Oil 假如世界没有石油 (34)20.The Germanic Languages日耳曼语系 (36)21.How Americans Eat and Drink 美国人的饮食 (38)22.The Delights of South Island 南岛之乐 (40)23.A Sandpiper to Bring You Joy 矶鹞带来快乐 (42)24.An Introduction to Distillation 蒸馏概述 (46)25. Hints to Improve Spoken English 提高英语口语须知 (48)26.The Moon-Riddle from the Past月球-来自远古之谜 (50)27.The Delight of Books 书之乐趣 (52)28.The Magic of Energy 能的魔力 (54)29. How to Reduce Employee Turnover如何减少员工流失 (57)30. That "Other Woman" in My Life 我生命中的“另一个女人” (59)31.Geography of USA 美国地理概况 (61)32. The Old Man and the Sea (Excerpt) 参考译文：老人与海(节选) (64)33.Petroleum Geology and Other Sciences 石油地质学与其它科学 (66)34.What Do Parents Owe Their Children 父母欠子女什么？ (68)35. Trends for 21st Century 21世纪的趋势 (70)36.You Bet Your Life 以命相赌 (73)37. Radiation and Human Health辐射与人体健康 (75)38. To Be Content with One's Lot 乐天知命 (77)39.I Didn't Know How to Teach Until I Met You 直到遇到你我才知道怎么教学 (80)40. An Introduction to Petrochemicals 石油化工产品概述 (82)41. The Subject of Smiling 微笑问题 (85)42. A $210,000 WALLET1价值21万美元的钱包 (88)43. What's Your Best Time of Day? 何时是你一天中最佳的时间？ (90)44. Fundamental Techniques in Handling People 处理人际关系的基本技巧 (94)45. Happiness Index幸福指数 (96)46. Becoming Wealthy: It's Up to You 致富取决于你自己 (99)47. Oil（油） (101)48. Ocean Plant Life in Decline海洋植物数量锐减 (104)49. Cultural Taboos文化禁忌 (106)50.Managing In a Global Environment 在全球环境中进行管理 (108)51.Not Quite Ready to Retire1 退休为时尚早 (111)52.Sales Promotion 产品促销 (114)53.Another Happiness 另一种快乐 (117)54.Why To Mark a Book 怎样在书上做标记 (119)55.Earth's Last Frontier: The Sea 海洋，地球最后的待开发疆域 (122)56.Why Antarctica Is Being Explored 为什么要勘探南极洲 (125)57.Listening Faults 聆听的误区 (128)58.Your Are What You Think 你认为自己是什么样的人，就是什么样的人 (132)59.The Audacity of Hope1有希望则无所畏惧 (135)60. Future of Energy能源的未来 (139)1. The Value of Time时间的价值【2013年新增加文章】1. "Time" says the proverb "is money". This means that every moment well-spent may put some money into our pockets. If our time is usefully employed,it will either produce some useful and important piece of work which will fetch its price in the market, or it will add to our experience and increase our capacities so as to enable us to earn money when the proper opportunity comes. There can thus be no doubt that time is convertible into money. Let those who think nothing of wasting time remember this; let them remember that an hour misspent is equivalent to the loss of a banknote; and that an hour utilized is tantamount to so much silver or gold; and then they will probably think twice before they give their consent to the loss of any part of their time.1．谚语说：“时间就是金钱。

2019年中石油职称英语新版选读文章系列(22)The Delights of South Island 南岛之乐1.One of the odder coincidences of physical geography is the fact that there are two double islands, roughly the same size, positioned at each other's antipodes, or farthest-distant point. The islands of England and Ireland in the Northern Hemisphere and the islands of North Island and South Island in the Southern Hemisphere are just such a coincidence. The first two islands comprise the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland (or Eire), and the second two islands comprise New Zealand. Among these four islands, there can beno doubt that South Island is the least polluted and most spectacularly scenic of them all.1、自然地理上较为奇特的巧合之一是地球上有两组大小约略相同、位置相对或者说相距最为遥远的双岛。

北半球的英格兰和爱尔兰群岛以及南半球的北岛和南岛就是这样的一种巧合。

第一组的两座岛构成英国和爱尔兰共和国，第二组的两座岛则组成新西兰。

四个岛中，南岛无疑是污染最少且风景最秀丽的。

花了一天时间做了一份真题答案，特做几点申明：1、仅为参考答案，由于水平问题，可能与每个人的答案会有出入，见仁见智吧，毕竟官方不给出标准答案。

2、作答依据大部分来源于网上搜索，尽可能地找到原题出处，实在无法找到出处的根据个人理解给出答案。

3、每题后列出了题目出处，并做出简单解析。

前40题错误应该不多，阅读理解部分无法保证全对。

中石油职称英语考试2016年真题及参考答案解析I. VocabularySection ADirections: There are some sentences in this section. Below each sentence are four other words or phrases. You are to choose the one word or phrase which would best keeping the meaning of the original sentence if it were substituted for the underlined word or phrase. Then mark your answer on the answer sheet.1、In most countries, the crime of murder carries harsh penalties.A. unconsciousB. thriveC. severeD.prudent【参考答案】C【释义】harsh adj.残酷的；严酷的；严厉的；恶劣的unconscious adj.无知觉的；昏迷的；不省人事的；无意识的thrive v.繁荣；茁壮成长；蓬勃发展；兴旺发达severe adj.极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的；苛刻的prudent adj.谨慎的；慎重的；精明的2、I tell my mother about my trials at work and brag about the kids.A. lieB. boastC. secretiveD. feel awkward【参考答案】B【出处】2016版《通用选读》第28课That "Other Woman" in My Life第8段。

2019年中石油职称英语新版选读文章系列(49)Cultural Taboos文化禁忌1.The speed and convenience of modern travel means that destinations that used to take a long time to travel to can now be reached quickly and easily. Even though "faraway" countries may now seem closer thanks to air travel, they may still be different from your home country. Therefore, it is important to adapt your behavior so that you don't insult or offend the local people. The following are some fundamental rules that will make communication easier and your trip more enjoyable.1、现代旅行的速度和便捷意味着过去需要花很长时间才能抵达的目的地现在能够又快又轻松地到达。

即使因为能够乘坐飞机旅行“遥远”的国家似乎更近了，但是它们也许仍然与你自己的国家有所不同。

所以，改善你的行为从而不冒犯或不得罪当地人非常重要。

以下几条基本规则将会使交际变得更容易，使你的旅行更愉快。

2.First, never raise your voice in order to makeyourself understood. If you do not know the word for something in the local language, or cannot make yourself understood verbally, try drawing a picture or pointing to an object. Remember, though, that pointing directly at a person can be highly offensive in some cultures. If you have to point something out, do so by gesturing towards the object, with the palm of your hand flat, facing upward, and your fingers outstretched. Before you travel, try learning some basic words or phrases of the local language. Most useful are those that express gratitude and politeness such as words for please, thank you, and may I, as well as basic greetings.2、首先，千万不要为了让别人听懂你的话语而提髙嗓门高声大叫。

XX年中石油职称英语新版选读文章业精于勤，荒于嬉;行成于思，毁于随。

以下的xx年中石油职称英语新版选读文章，欢迎阅读，更多信息请关注!The Positive Meanings of Love 爱的真谛1.We’d like to share some of the positive meanings love has for us.翻译：我们想与大家一起分享我们对爱的一些积极看法。

2.Love means that I know the person I love. I，m aware of the many sides of the other person~not just the beautiful side but also the limitations, inconsistencies and faults. I have an awareness of the other’s feelings and thoughts, and I experience something of the core of that person. I can perate social masks and roles and see the other person on a deeper level.翻译：爱就意味着了解所爱之人。

能够认识到这个人的各个方面——不仅仅是美好的一面，还有他的局限、他的矛盾之处、他的缺点。

要看到这个人的情感、思想、感受他的内心。

要能够透过他在社交场合的表现和他的社会角色而看到他的内心深处。

3.Love means that I care about the welfare of the personI love. To the extent that it is genuine, my caring is not possessive, nor does it hold the other person back. On the contrary, my caring frees both of us. If I care about you, I’m concerned about your growth, and I hope you will bee all that you can bee. Consequently, I don’t put up obstacles to what you do that enhances you as a person，even though it may result in my disfort at times.翻译：爱就意味着关心所爱之人的幸福。

2019年中石油职称英语新版选读文章系列(40)An Introduction to Petrochemicals 石油化工产品概述1. The petroleum era was ushered in by the 1859 findingat Titusville,Pennsylvania,but the flourishing of chemicals from petroleum has been only since the early twentieth century. Natural gas and petroleum are in fact our chief sources of hydrocarbons. Natural gas is quite variable in composition,but the major constituent (>60%) is methane.Other components are the homologousalkanes,ethane,propane,and higher hydrocarbons. In terms of volume,most of the natural gas produced is used forfuel,although a substantial amount is used as raw materialfor the synthesis of various types of chemicals.1、1859宾西法尼亚洲Titusville地区钻出油井，开创了石油时代。

但从石油中成功地提取化学产品，则直到20世纪早期才开始。

实际上,天然气和石油是我们碳氢化合物的主要来源。

天然气在成分上不大稳定，但主要成分(60%)是甲烷。

，其他组分有同系烷、乙烷、丙烷以及高分子碳氢化合物。

从数量看，即使有相当数量的天然气用作各种合成化合物的原料，但所生产的绝大部分天然气用作燃料。

2019 年中石油职称英语新版选读文章系列(60) Future of Energy 能源的未来1. Good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen. It's a privilege and an honor to participate in the second season of conversations hosted by the prestigious Harvard University Center for the Environment, and to share my thoughts on the subject of the "Future of Energy." Let me begin this afternoon by thanking Harvard University for its kind invitation, and the Center staff for their warm hospitality during my visit to Cambridge.1、女士们，先生们，大家下午好。

能参加由久负盛名的哈佛大学环境中心主办的第二届论坛，并与大家分享我对“能源的未来”这个主题的一些看法，是我莫大的荣幸。

在我开始今天下午的演讲之前，我想先对哈佛大学表示感谢。

感谢哈佛对我的盛情邀约，感谢哈佛大学环境中心的工作人员在我访问坎布里奇美国大学城时给予我的热情款待。

2. This affteron, I want to share with you my views on our energy future, to examine some of the most critical factors and trends we need to consider when addressing energy issues.2、今天下午，我愿与你们一起分享我对能源未来的一些看法，考查我们在处理能源问题时需要考虑的一些至关重要的影响因素和发展趋势。

2019年中石油职称英语新版选读文章系列(16)The American Way： Family 美国人的家庭观1.“Please pass the turkey and dressing.” What doesthis simple request make you think about? If you are an American, you think about Thanksgiving. A turkey dinner symbolizes Thanksgiving for Americans. What does Thanksgiving remind Americans of? Their families. Thanksgiving is a family time. On this holiday, families gather to gobble up thegobbler and stuff themselves with stuffing. Family membersenjoy watching parades and football games on TV and justbeing together. What does “family” mean to America ns?1、“请将火鸡与配料递给我。

”这个简单的请求令你想起什么?如果你是美国人，你会想到感恩节。

对美国人来说，火鸡大餐象征感恩节。

感恩节提醒了美国人哪些事情呢?他们的家人。

感恩节是家人团聚的时间，在这个节日，家人聚在一起对着火鸡以及鸡腹中的调味材料大快朵颐;家人一起享受看*、看足球比赛的电视转播以及同聚的时光。

到底家庭对于美国人的意义是什么?2.The traditional American family is a “nuclear family.”A nuclear family refers to a husband and wife and their children. The average American family today has two or three children (and maybe a few pets). In some cultures, peoplelive close to their extended family. Several generations may even live together. In America, only in a few cases does more than one household live under one roof.2、传统的美国家庭被称为“核心家庭”。

中石油职称英语阅读材料中石油职称英语阅读材料吸烟对人体的健康有严重的危害，研究人员大都相信吸卷烟是产生肺癌、喉癌的重要因素。

下面是店铺分享的中石油职称英语阅读练习，文章的内容是关于吸烟和癌症的关系的，希望能对大家有所帮助!moking and Cancer 吸烟和癌1. Americans smokesix thousand millioncigarettesevery year(1970figures). This isroughlythe equivalent of 4,195 cigarettesa year for every personin the country of18 years of age or more. It is estimated that 51% of American men smokecompared with34% of Americanwomen.1、美国人每年抽烟60亿支(1970年的统计数字)。

这大致等于每个18岁以上的人一年要吸4195支烟。

据估计(it is estimated that)，美国有51%的男性吸烟，而女性吸烟的比例则为34%。

2. Since 1939, numerous scientific studieshave beenconducted to determine whether smoking isa health hazard.Thetrend of the evidencehas been consistent and indicates that there isa serious health risk. Researchteams have conducted studies that show beyond allreasonabledoubt that tobacco smoking, particularly cigarettesmoking, is associated with shortened life expectancy.2、1939年以来，为了确定抽烟是否有害健康进行了大量的科学研究。

50. The Earth's Learning Curve[n.曲线].人类的学习曲线、1. Imagine a chart that begins when man first appeared on the planet and tracks[追踪]the economic growth of societies from then forward. It would be a long, flat line until the late 16th or early 17th century, when it would start trending upward. Before then the fruits of productive[adj.有创造性的] labor were limited to a few elites-princes, merchants and priests[(priest):n.教士,牧师]. For most of humankind life was as the English philosopher[n.哲学家]Thomas Hobbes famously described it in 1651-"solitary[adj.孤单的], poor, nasty[adj.肮脏的], brutish[adj.粗野的], and short[adj.浅薄的]." But as Hobbes was writing those words, the world around him was changing. Put simply, human beings were getting smarter.1、想象一下，如果从人类首次在地球上出现开始画一条曲线，追踪在此之后人类社会的经济发展轨迹，那么会发现16世纪晚期或17世纪初期之前，是一条长长的没有多少起伏的线条，之后这条线才开始上扬。

2019 年中石油职称英语新版选读文章系列(10) Sweep a Fuel Craft Invest Fever洁净能源行业投资高潮1.The clean-energy business is turning into the next big investment boom, in which risks are often ignored. Untilrecently, recalls Charlie Gay, a 30-year veteran of thesolarpower business, venture capitalists were far too busycatering to captains of the information-technology industry towaste time on "hippy-dippy tree-huggers" like himself. Butnow the tree-huggers are in the ascendant and the IT baronsare busy investing in clean-energy technology.翻译：洁净能源行业正成为下一轮投资大高潮，而风险则常常被忽视。

在太阳能行业摸爬滚打了 30 年的查理，盖伊回想说，直到不久前，风险资本家们还向来奔波于逢迎 IT 巨子，没有时间浪费给像他这样的“不确实质的环境保护论者”。

但目前环境保护论者风头正旺，IT 巨子们开始忙于投资洁净能源行业。

2.Investors are falling over themselves to financestart-ups in clean technology, especially in energy. VentureBusiness Research reckons that investment in the field byventure capitalists and private-equity firms has quadrupledin the past two years, from some $500 m in 2004 to almost $2billion so far this year. The share of venture capital goinginto clean energy is rising rapidly.翻译：投资者们全力以赴纷繁投资于从事环保技术的新创公司，特别是能源公司。