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英语五种基本句型：基本句型一：S+V （主+谓）基本句型二：S+V+P (主+系+表)基本句型三：S+V+O (主+谓+宾)基本句型四：S+V+o+O (主+谓+间宾+直宾)基本句型五：S+V+O+P (主+谓+宾+宾补)这种句型简称为主谓结构，其谓语一般都是不及物动词，例：Things change.事物是变化的。
Nobody went.没有人去。
--Did you go by sea？你们走的是海路吗？--NO，we flew.不，我们是飞去。
这种句型称为主系表结构，其实联系动词在形式上也是一种谓语动词，但实质上表语成了谓语，例：Mr. Turner is an artist.特纳先生是位画家。
The milk turned sour.牛奶变酸了。
She became a lawyer.她当了律师。
这种句型可称为主谓宾结构，它的谓语一般多是及物动词，例：We never beat children.我们从来不打孩子。
My sister will fix everything.我姐姐会料理一切。
4.主+谓+宾+宾折叠这种句型可称为主谓宾宾结构，其谓语应是可有双宾语的及物动词，两个宾语一个是间接宾语，一个是直接宾语，例：He gave the book to his sister.他把这本书给了他的妹妹。
I'll write you a long letter.我将写给你一封长信。
这种句型可简称为主谓宾补结构，其补语是宾语补语，与宾语一起即构成复合宾语，例：I found the book easy.我发现这本书不难。
（形容词easy作补语）I'll let him go.我将让他去。
（不定式go用作补语）注意：有时两个或更多的并列主语拥有一个共同的谓语，甚至并列有两个主语和两个谓语，这样的句子仍然是简单句，例：China and other countries in the east Asia are developing rapidly.中国和东亚其它国家正在迅速地发展。
英语学习中的六种基本句型结构英语的句式从表达形式上来看,形式多样且丰富多彩,但仔细观察后就不难发现,无论其怎样变化，它们大都基本保持了常见的六个句型结构。
也就是说，绝大多数英语句子都是由这六个基本句式演变、衍生而成的。
因此,掌握好这六个基本句型以及他们的基本用法,对于初学英语的同学们来说,就显得非常重要了。
这里做一简单列举与说明,希望对同学们的学习有所帮助:英语五种基本句型列式如下：一：SV（主+谓）主语——动词二:SＶＰ(主＋系＋表)主语——动词——表语三:ＳVＯ（主＋谓＋宾）主语——动词——宾语四：SVｏＯ（主＋谓＋间宾+直宾）主语——动词——宾语——宾语五：ＳVOＣ(主+谓+宾＋宾补)主语——动词——宾语——补语六:There ｂe + 主语+ 其它一、句型1:Suｂject (主语) ＋Ｖerb (谓语）这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词，常见的动词如：woｒｋ，ｓing,swim,fish,jumｐ，aｒr ｉve,ｃome,dｉｅ，ｄｉｓappear,ｃrｙ,ｈapｐen等。
如：１） Li Ming wｏｒks very haｒd。
李明学习很努力。
2) Ｔhe ｌittｌe gｉｒl criｅd eｖｅn harder。
小女孩哭得更厉害了。
3) Ｔhｅ acciｄent happened yesterday ａfternoon。
事故是昨天下午发生的。
1、Ｔｈe suｎ iｓｒisｉｎg。
2、I'll try。
3、Did you ｓｌeep well？（well做状语，修饰不及物动词sleep)４、The enｇiｎe bｒｏke down。
注意：在此句型中，有少数不及物动词表达被动含义,表达主语本身所具有的特性,不用被动语态。
１、Tｈe bｏoｋ selｌs well。
2、The ｗindow wｏn't ｓｈut。
3、Ｔhe pen wｒiteｓ smｏothly。
４、Ｃheeｓe cuts easｉly。
英语五大基本句型英语五大基本句型句子是由主语、谓语动词、表语、宾语、宾语补足语等组成的。
英语句子有长有短，有简有繁，似乎千变万化，难以捉摸，但其实只有五种基本句型。
所有英语句子都可以看成是这五种基本句型的扩大、组合、省略或倒装。
因此掌握这五大句型，是掌握其他各种英语句子结构的基础。
英语句子依其组合方式可分为以下五种基本句型，句子成分的表示法为：S：Subject（主语）,V：Verb（动词）,O：Object（宾语）,IO : Indirect Object (间接宾语),DO: Direct Object (直接宾语) ,P：Predicative（表语）,OC：Object Complement（宾语补足语）。
五种基本句型见下表种类句型例句S+V （主语+不及物动词）We work. (不及物)S+V+O （主语+及物动词+宾语）He plays (及物) the piano. S+V+P （主语+系动词+表语）We are (系动词) students. S+V+IO+DO （主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语）She gave (及物) me a pen. S+V+O+OC （主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语）He made (及物) the boy laugh. 说明：（S＝主，V＝谓，O ＝宾，P＝表，IO＝间宾，DO＝直宾，OC＝宾补）一、第1种句型：S+V（主语+不及物动词）1、Birds fly. 鸟飞。
主语＋谓语(不及物动词)2、He runs in the park. 他在公园里跑。
主语＋谓语＋地点状语(不及物动词)此句型是“主语+不及物动词”构成句子的主体部分。
因为是不及物动词，后面当然不能带宾语了，但是可以有状语来修饰。
例如上面例句中的in the park就是地点状语。
3、Class begins.（begin在句中是不及物动词）上课了。
比较：We begin our class at eight. 我们八点钟开始上课。
英语五大基本句型结构基本句型一:SV（主＋谓）Subject(主语)＋Verb(谓语)这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词（英语中按动词后可否直接跟宾语，可把动词分成不及物动词与和及物动词。
不及物动词：字典里词后标有vi. 的就是不及物动词.不及物动词后不能直接跟有动作的对象（即宾语)。
若要跟宾语，必须先在其后添加上某个介词，如to,of，at后方可跟上宾语.具体每个动词后究竟加什么介词就得联系动词短语了，如listen to,look at….），不及物动词常见的有:appear,apologize，arrive，come,die,disappear，exist,fall，happen,rise （好像还有所有的感官动词（如以上的listen—-Eragon注）等等。
如:The students work very hard.学生们学习很努力。
She apologized to me again。
她再次向我道歉.The accident happened yesterday evening。
事故是昨天晚上发生的。
（happen是不及物动词，但表示“某地(某时)发生了什么事",常用“sth.+ h appen +地点/时间"这一结构来表达，此时主语应是事情；表示“某人出了某事（常指不好的事)”,要用“sth.+ happen+to sb.”这一结构来表达——Eragon注）基本句型二：SVP（主谓表)(好像有的叫SVC（主系表）——Eragon注)Subject(主语）＋Link。
V（系动词)＋redicate（表语)（表语是用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的，表语常由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、动词的-ing、从句来充当,它常位于系动词（be, become, appear, seem, look, sound，feel，get, smell等词)之后。
——Eragon注）这种句型中的系动词一般可分为下列两类:（1)表示状态的连系动词。
五种基本句型高一英语五种基本句型1、主语+ 系动词+ 表语2、主语+ 不及物动词3、主语+ 及物动词+ 宾语4、主语+ 及物动词+ 间接宾语+ 直接宾语5、主语+ 及物动词+ 宾语+ 宾语补足语主语+ 系动词+ 表语1. Jack is a good boy.2. The park looks beautiful in spring.3. His leg got hurt just now.4. Please keep silent!5. Tom will become a doctor next year.主语+ 不及物动词1. My grandma is sleeping now.2. I will stay in Shanghai for a week.3. Jack is leaving for New York.4. It rained hard last night.5. Lucy arrived in Beijing yesterday.主语+ 及物动词+ 宾语1. My sister is writing a letter at this moment.2. Jack enjoys collecting stamps.3. Our teacher promised to see themovie with us.4. I d on’t know which school he is in.主语+ 及物动词+间接宾语+ 直接宾语1. His father bought him a computer.2. I sent a birthday gift to her yesterday.3. My mother taught me how to do it.4. She asked Lucy whose pen it was. 主语+ 及物动词+宾语+ 宾语补足语1. We must keep the classroom clean.2. They consider Jack a brave boy.3. Let the fresh air in.4. Lucy will make herself known.5. I saw the little girl dancing.简单句的五种基本句型歌诀：英语句型万万千，五大句型把线牵；句型种类为动词，后接什么是关键；系词后面接表语，Vi.独身无牵连；Vt.又可分三类，单宾双宾最常见，还有宾语补足语，各类搭配记心间。
五大基本句型五大基本句型，也叫五种基本句型，是英语中使用最频繁的句型，也是最基本的句型。
它们是：主语＋谓语，主语＋谓语＋宾语，主语＋谓语＋间接宾语，主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语，主语＋谓语＋双宾语。
这五种句型虽然简单，却是语言表达的重要部分，英语学习者要想巩固和掌握它们是很有必要的。
首先，要识别五大基本句型的特点和每种句型的结构。
主语可以是人、动物或物品；谓语是表达动作或状态的动词。
宾语是直接受到谓语动作影响的名词，也可以是表示时间、地点、方式等状语性词组。
间接宾语是受到谓语动作影响的名词或代词，而双宾语则是谓语动作的受动作者和受影响者两个名词或代词。
例句1：He likes music.这是主语＋谓语句型，主语是he，谓语是likes，宾语是music。
例句2：He gave me an apple.这是主语＋谓语＋宾语句型，主语是he，谓语是gave，宾语是an apple，间接宾语是me。
例句3：He gave the book to Mary.这是主语＋谓语＋间接宾语句型，主语是he，谓语是gave，宾语是the book，间接宾语是Mary。
例句4：He made her a dress.这是主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语句型，主语是he，谓语是made，宾语是her和a dress。
例句5：He bought John and Mary a car.这是主语＋谓语＋双宾语句型，主语是he，谓语是bought，双宾语是John and Mary a car。
其次，要把这五种基本句型灵活运用起来，了解它们的特点和用法，仔细观察是很有必要的。
比如：主语＋谓语句型是最简单的句子，只有主语和谓语，而宾语、间接宾语和双宾语句型主要是用来描述一个行为给另一个人或物品所产生的结果，它们之间有着很大的关联。
同时，要注意基本句型的时态，它们也分为不同的时态。
比如，主语＋谓语句型可以用于一般现在时、一般过去时等，宾语、间接宾语和双宾语句型则可以用于现在进行时、现在完成时、现在完成进行时等。
英语的句子在结构上可以归纳为五个基本句型。
A．第一基本句型【例译】1．正在下着雨。
2．我的哥哥很用功。
3．我每天早晨六点钟起床。
4．日出于东而没于西。
5．比尔和吉姆每天都一起读书一起玩。
解说各例句的黑体字是主语，斜体字是谓语动词。
主语通常是一个，但是也可以如例5有两个，甚至两个以上都可以成立。
谓语动词也是一个较为普通，但是也可以如例4，5有两上，甚至更多也能成立。
本句型的Vi．属于完全不及物动词（Complete intransitive verb）．注：“There + be（Vi．）+ S…”也是属于第一基本句型。
例如：例：There is an alarm clock on her desk.（她的书桌上有一个闹钟。
）例：There stands a tower on the hill.（小山上耸立着一座塔。
）B．第二基本句型【例译】1．我的名字是汤姆。
2．约翰和玛丽是同班同学。
3．你准备好了吗？4．所有的问题都不容易回答。
5．你的梦想一定能实现的。
6．这些玫瑰花看起来很美，闻起来也很香。
解说各例句的黑体字是主语，斜体字是谓语动词，字底加线的是主语补语。
什么是主语补语？请观察：①My name is（我的名字是）②These roses look（这些玫瑰花看起来）上面两例虽各有可作主语的名词“name”和“roses”，也有谓语动词“is”和“look”，但是句意不清楚，无法表达完整的句意，所以不是句子。
现在若在例1之后加“Tom”，例2之后加“very beautiful”，那么句意就完整地表达出来了。
像这样，一个词（通常是n．pron．或adj．）在谓语部分里补充说明主语者就叫做主语补语。
主语补语通常是一个，但是依表达的需要也可以有两个（如例6），或更多。
谓语动词需要取主语补语才能把句意表达完整者叫做不完全不及物动词（Incomplete intransitive verb）。
注：下列常见“It…”句式也是属于第二基本句型。
英语基本句型大全英语的基本句型主要有五种，它们是：1、主语——动词——表语2、主语——动词3、主语——动词——宾语4、主语——动词——宾语——宾语5、主语——动词——宾语——补语掌握好这些基本句型，就可以为灵活运用语言打下良好的基础。
下面分别讲解这五种句型。
一、主语——动词——表语在这一句型中，动词是系动词，划线部分为表语。
1.Mr.Brown is an engineer.(名词做表语)2.Gradualy he became silent.(形容词做表语)3.She remained standing for a hour.(现在分词做表语)4.The question remained unsolved.(过去分词做表语)5.The machine is out of order.(介词短语做表语)6.The television was on.(副词做表语)7.His plan is to keep the affair secret.(动词不定式做表语)8.My job is repairing cars.(动名词做表语)9.The question is what you want to do.(从句做表语，即：表语从句)注意：在下面的句子中，形容词做表语，在表语的后面常常接不定式结构。
I'm happy to meet you.They are willing to help.We are determined to follow his example.二、主语——动词在这一句型中，动词为不及物动词及不及物的动词词组。
在有的句子中，不及物动词可以有状语修饰。
1.The sun is rising.2.I'll try.3.Did you sleep well？(well做状语，修饰不及物动词sleep)4.The engine broke down.注意：在此句型中，有少数不及物动词表达被动含义，表达主语本身所具有的特性，不用被动语态。
英语的几个基本句式1.S(主) + Vi（不及物动词）Time flies.1) S + V + adverbial(状语) Birds sing beautifully.2) S + Vi+ prep Phrase（介词短语）He went on holiday.3) S + Vi+ Infinitive (不定式) We stopped to have a rest.4) S + Vi+ Participle (分词) I'll go swimming.2. S (主)+ Vt（及物动词）（谓）+ O（宾）We like English.1) S + Vt + N/Pron I like music.2) S + Vt + infinitive(不定式)I want to help him.常用于这句型的动词有：attempt, dare, decide, desire, expect, hope, intend, learn, need, offer, pretend, promise, propose, purpose, refuse, want, wish等。
3) S + Vt + Wh-Word + Infinitive I don't know what to do.常用于这句型的动词有：ask, consider, decide, discover, explain, find out, forget, guess, inquire, know, learn, observe, remember, see, settle, tell, think, understand, wonder等。
4) S + Vt + Gerund（动名词）I enjoy living here.常用于这句型的动词有：admit, advise, avoid, consider, defend, enjoy, excuse, finish, forbid, mind, miss, practise, risk, suggest, give up, can't help等。
5) S + Vt + That-clauseI don't think (that) he is right.常用于这句型的动词有：admit, believe, command, confess, declare, demand, deny, doubt, expect, explain, feel(觉得), hear（听说）, hope, imagine, intend, know, mean, mind（当心）, notice, propose, request, report, say, see（看出），show, suggest, suppose, think, understand, wish, wonder(觉得奇怪)。
3. S (主)+ V（谓）（lv）(系动词)+ P（表）We are Chinese.除了be系动词外，还有一些动词也可以用作系动词，1)表感官的动词，feel, smell, taste, sound, look, appear, seem等。
2)表转变变化的动词，become, get, grow, turn, go,等。
3)表延续的动词remain, keep, seem, hold, stay, rest等。
4)表瞬时的动词come, fall, set, cut, occur等5)其他动词eat, lie, prove, ring, run, shine, sit, stand, continue, hang等。
1) S + Lv + N/Pron(名词/代词)He is a boy.2) S + Lv + Adj（形容词）She is beautiful.3) S + Lv + Adv (副词) Class is over.4) S + Lv + Prep Phrase He is in good health.5) S + Lv + Participle(分词) He is excited.4. S (主)+ Vt（谓）+ In O（间接宾）+ D O（直接宾）I give you help.1) S + Vt + N/Pron + N I sent him a book.2) S + Vt + N/Pron + To/for-phrase He sent a book to me.间接宾语前需要加to的常用动词有：allow, bring, deny, do(带来)，give, grant, hand, leave, lend, offer, owe, pass, pay, permit, promise, read, refuse, render, restore, sell, send, show, teach, tell wish, write等。
间接宾语前需要加for的常用动词有：bring, buy, cash, choose, fetch, get, leave, make, order, paint, play(演奏)，save, sing, spare等。
5. S (主)+ Vt（谓）+ O（宾）+ O C（宾补）I make you clear.1) S + Vt + N/Pron + N We named our baby Tom.常用于这句型的动词有：appoint, call, choose, elect, entitle, find, make, name, nominate(命名)。
2) S + Vt + N/Pron + Adj He painted the wall white.常用于这句型的动词有：beat, boil, cut, drive, find, get, hold, keep, leave, like, make, paint, see, set, turn, want, wash, wipe, wish等。
3) S + Vt + N/Pron + Prep Phrase She always keeps everything in good order.4) S + Vt + N/Pron + Infinitive I made him work常用于这句型的动词有：a)不定式带to的词：advice, allow, ask, beg, cause, choose, command, decide, encourage, expect, force, get, hate, invite, know, leave, like, love, order, permit, persuade, prefer, remain, request, teach, tell, want, warn, wish等。
b)不定式不带to的词：feel, have, hear, know, let, listen to, look at, make, notice, see, watch等。
5) S + Vt + N/Pron + Participle (分词) I feel something moving.常用于这句型的动词有：catch, feel, find, get, have, hear, imagine, keep, leave, listen to, look at, notice, observe, perceive, see, set, smell, start, watch等。
6) S + Vt + N/Pron + Wh-word + Infinitive He show me how to do it.常用于这句型的动词有：advise, ask, inform, show, teach, tell等。
7) S + Vt + N/Pron + That-clause He told me that the film was great.常用于这句型的动词有：assure, inform, promise, remind, teach, tell, warm等。
8) S + Vt + N/Pron + Wh-Clause He asked me what he should do.常用于这句型的动词有：advise, ask, inform, show, teach, tell.定语从句三步：第一找出先行词；第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能（做主语、宾语或状语）；第三选择合适的关系词。
定语从句专项练习题1.The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace.A. WhichB. whereC. whatD. in which2.Do you know the man _______?A. whom I spokeB. to who spokeC. I spoke toD. that I spoke3.This is the hotel _______last month.A. which they stayedB. at that they stayedC. where they stayed atD. where they stayed4.Do you know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded?A. whichB. thatC. whenD. on which5.That is the day ______I'll never forget.A. whichB. on whichC. in whichD. when6.The factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here.A. whereB. to whichC. whichD. in which7.Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _______we are working.A. whereB. thatC. whichD. there8.This is one of the best films _______.A. that have been shown this yearB. that have shownC. that has been shown this yearD. that you talked9.Can you lend me the book ______the other day?A. about which you talkedB. which you talkedC. about that you talkedD. that you talked10.The pen ______he is writing is mine.A. with whichB. in whichC. on whichD. by which11.They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a small boy.A. whomB. whoC. whichD. that12.The engineer ______my father works is about 50 years old.A. to whomB. on whomC. with whichD. with whom13.It there anyone in your class ______family is in the country?A. whoB. who'sC. whichD. whose14.I'm interested in ______you have said.A. all thatB. all whatC. thatD. which15.I want to use the same dictionary ______was used yesterday.A. whichB. whoC. whatD. as16.He isn't such a man ______he used to be.A. whoB. whomC. thatD. as17.He is good at English, ______we all know.A. thatB. asC. whomD. what18.Li Ming, ______to the concert enjoyed it very much.A. I went withB. with whom I wentC. with who I wentD.I went with him19.I don't like ______ as you read.A. the novelsB. the such novelsC. such novelsD. same novels20.He talked a lot about things and persons ________they remembered in the school.A. whichB. thatC. whomD. what21.The letter is from my sister, ______is working in Beijing.A. whichB. thatC. whomD. who22.In our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of ____are women.A. themB. whichC. whomD. who23.You're the only person ______I've ever met ______could do it.A. who;/B./; whomC. whom;/D./; who24.I lost a book, ______I can't remember now.A. whose titleB. its titleC. the title of itD. the title of thatst summer we visited the West Lake, ______Hangzhou is famous in the world.A. for whichB. for thatC. in whichD. what26.I have bought such a watch _______ was advertised on TV.A. thatB. whichC. asD. it27.I can never forget the day _______ we worked together and the day ______ we spent together.A. when; whichB. which; whenC. what; thatD. on which; when28.The way ______he looks at problems is wrong.A. whichB. whoseC. whatD./29.This is the reason ______he didn't come to the meeting.A. in whichB. with whichC. thatD. for which30.This machine, ______for many years, is still working perfectly.A. after which I have lookedB. which I have looked afterC. that I have looked afterD. I have looked after31.The reason ______he didn't come was ______he was ill.A. why; thatB.that;whyC. for that;thatD.for which;what32.He is working hard, ______will make him pass the final exam.A.thatB.whichC.for whichD.who33.That is not the way ______I do it.A./B.whichC.for whichD.with which34.I have two grammars, ______are of great use.A. all of whichB. either of whichC. both of thatD. both of which35.I want to use the same tools _______used in your factory a few days ago.A. as wasB. which wasC. as wereD. which36.My neigh bours used to give me a hand in time of trouble, _______ was very kind of them.A. whoB. whichC. thatD. it37.This is the magazine _______ I copied the paragraph.A. thatB. whichC. from thatD. from which38.He is not such a man _______ would leave his work half done.A. thatB. whichC. whoD. as39. You can depend on whatever promise _______ he makes.A. /B. whyC. whenD. whose40. Smoking, _______ is a bad habit, is, however, popular.A. thatB. whichC. itD. though41. --- Did you ask the guard _______ happened?--- Yes, he told me all _______ he knew.A. what; thatB. what; whatC. which; whichD. that; that42. I shall never forget those years _______ I lived on the farm withthe farmers, _______ has a great effect on my life.A. when; whoB. that; whichC. which; thatD. when; which43. The number of the people who _______ cars _______ increasing.A. owns; areB. owns; isC. own; isD. own; are44. During the days ________, he worked as a servant at the Browns.A. followedB. followingC. to followD. that followed45. Is oxygen the only gas _______ helps fire burn?A. thatB. /C. whichD. it46. The clever boy made a hole in the wall, _______ he could see _____ was going on inside houseA. which; whatB. through which; whatC. through that; whatD. what; that47. Is _______ some German friends visited last week?A. this schoolB. this the schoolC. this school oneD. this school where48. John got beaten in the game, _______ had been expected.A. asB. thatC. whatD. who49. I have bought two ballpens, _______ writes well.A. none of themB. neither of themC. neither of whichD. none of which50. All that can be eaten _______ eaten up.A. are beingB. has beenC. had beenD. have been参考答案及解析1. A. which用作关系代词，在定语从句中作主语。
