高考新题型：阅读理解新题型(2)

信息类文本阅读专练（二）一、阅读下面的文字,完成问题。

材料一:①乡愁之“乡”是一个具有特定指向性的区域地理概念,因此乡愁之“愁”不是无缘之愁,而是有根之愁。

乡愁是基于特定的地理位置产生的,其承载着主体浓烈的情感记忆,蕴含着主体对地理故乡的精神皈依。

乡愁中的“乡”是对乡愁主体生活过的故乡的地理泛称,是乡愁地点的代名词。

②乡愁的“愁”一方面指主体对故乡的记忆和怀念情感,另一方面指一种对故乡的情感文化,包含强烈的情感共鸣和文化认同感。

乡愁的本质是个体关于情感认同的记忆,是个体在不同成长阶段超越地域、空间等客观现实条件的不断反思和感怀。

③乡愁的物质载体包括自然和田园景观、乡村公共空间、日常生产生活场景、农特产品等。

这些承载和唤起主体情感的物质载体富有生动的内容情节和情怀,与主体过去的日常生活实践息息相关,因此即使主体离开故乡多年依然能对其产生情感驱动,慰藉游子的思乡、精神失重等情绪。

④乡村振兴背景下的乡愁社会价值,本质上就是从情感的角度引导社会各项资源向乡村倾斜,乡愁价值功能符合社会发展需求,在社会发展过渡中起着“纽带”和“导航”的重要作用。

乡愁价值通过发挥积极的导向作用,理性疏导乡愁发生主体与社会发展间的矛盾,推进个体与社会的追求统一,进一步推动社会和谐稳定和高质量发展。

⑤乡村作为乡愁载体是最值得利用和发掘的宝贵资源和财富,这与“绿水青山就是金山银山”等关于乡村生态文明建设的国家政策不谋而合。

乡愁生态价值的本质就是,以可持续发展和绿色发展作为核心,坚持“用生态留住乡愁,用乡愁留住生态”的发展原则,在乡村振兴的过程中通过引导作用使主体加深对故乡生态文明的认识,加快推动生态文明建设,平衡现代化建设和生态环境间的矛盾。

(摘编自马蕾《乡愁价值的激活:乡村振兴战略下乡愁理论价值研究)) 材料二:“乡愁”所表达的更多是一种精神文化层面的缺失。

人们过年回乡骤然感觉到年味逐渐消失,富有传统内涵的农村习俗也淡出农民的生活。

（2）亲情类—2022届高考二轮复习新高考新题型精思巧练之读后续写1. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Desiree, a 4-year-old girl, was sobbing quietly over her father, Ken, who had died nine months earlier. She was hugging a photograph of her father with her fingers running around his face. "Daddy," she said softly, "why won't you come back?"Instead of gradually adjusting to her father's death, Desiree refused to accept it. "Daddy will be home soon," she'd tell her mother. "He's at work." When she played with her toy telephone, she pretended she was chatting with her father. "I miss you, Daddy," she'd say. "When will you come back?" Desiree's situation made her mother worried.Days later, it was Ken's birthday. "How will I send him a card?" Desiree asked her mother. "How about if we tie a letter to a balloon," her mother said, "and send it up to heaven?" Desiree's eyes immediately lit up.Her mother took her to a store and Desiree picked out a balloon with HAPPY BIRTHDAY above a drawing of The Little Mermaid. Desiree and her father had often watched it. The child's eyes shone as they were on the way to Ken's grave. Then Desiree dictated (口述) a letter to her Dad. "Daddy, happy birthday, I love you and miss you," she rattled off (快速说). "I hope you get this and can write to me on my birthday in January."Her mother wrote the message and their address on a small piece of paper, which was then wrapped in plastic and tied to the end of the string on the balloon. Finally, Desiree let the balloon fly. For almost an hour, they watched the shining spot of silver grow smaller and smaller till it disappeared. "Now Dad's going to write back to me," Desiree said confidently.Every day after they'd flown the balloon, Desiree asked her mother, "Do you think Daddy has my balloon yet?" Several weeks passed, and she stopped asking.注意：续写词数应为150左右。

高考英语阅读新题型练习题及答案高考英语阅读新题型练习题及答案Scientists have tried to come up with biological explanations for the difference between boys and girls.However, none were believable enough to explain the general picture. As one scientist points out, “There are slight genetic differences between the sexes at birth which may affect the subjects boys and girls choose. But the difficulty is that by the time children reach school age, there are so many other effects that it is almost impossible to tell whether girls are worse at science and maths, or whether they’ve been brought up to think of these subjects as boys’ ‘territory’”.Statistics show that in mathematics, at least, girls are equal to boys. A recent report suggests that girls only stop studying mathematics because of social attitudes. One of the reports’ authors says, “While it is socially unacceptable for people not to be able to read and write, it is still acceptable for women to say that they ar e ‘hope-less’ at maths. Our research shows that, although girls get marks which are as good as the boys, they have not been encouraged to do so.”The explanation for the difference, which is very clear during the teenage years, goes as far back as early childhood experiences. From their first days in nursery school, girls are not encouraged to work on their own or to complete tasks, although boys are. For example, boys and not girls, are often asked to ‘help’ with repair work. This encouragement leads to a way of learning how to solve problems later on in life. Evidence shows that exceptional mathematicians and scientists did not have teachers who supplied answers; they had to find out forthemselves.A further report on maths teaching shows that teachers seem to give more attention to boys than to girls.Most teachers who took part in the study admitted that they expect their male students to do better at mathematics and science subjects than their female students. All of this tends to encourage boys to work harder in these subjects, gives them confidence and makes them believe that they can succeed.Interestingly, both boys and girls tend to regard such ‘male’ subjects like mathematics and science as difficult. Yet it has been suggested that girls avoid mathematics courses, not because they are difficult, but for social reasons.Mathematics and science are mainly male subjects, and therefore, as girls become teenagers, they are less likely to take them up. Girls do not seem to want to be in open competition with boys. Neither do they want to do better than boys because they are afraid to appear less female and so, less attractive.81. According to scientific studies, girls can learn maths as well as boys if___________________________________________________________________.82. Those who made extraordinary contributions in mathematics and science______________________________________________________________.83. Why are boys favored over girls when it comes to mathematics and science?________________________________________________________________ ____.84. What caused girls to give up mathematics courses?____________________________________________________________________.答案81. given enough encouragement.82. had the abilities of solving problems by themselves.83. Because teachers expect boys to do better in mathematics and science.84. Social reasons.【高考英语阅读新题型练习题及答案】。

备战2021年高考语文之“新情境•新题型”专题训练一、语言文字运用阅读下面的文字，完成1-3题。

当前，在中国快速发展和世界深刻变化两个历史性进程交织作用下，国家安全的内涵比历史上任何时候都要丰富，时空领域比历史上任何时候都要宽广，内外因素比历史上任何时候都要复杂。

加强国家安全能力建设，必须________内部安全和外部安全。

从国内看，安全是实现美好生活的基础。

既要重视国土安全，（①________）。

当前，人民群众对安全的需要和国家安全供给能力之间尚存差距，坚持以人民为中心，妥善解决社会主要矛盾，是解决好安全问题的重要前提。

从国际看，随着经济全球化和社会信息化的深入发展，一方面，国家安全的外部环境________，各种影响国家安全的因素跨国界流动更加迅速，带来的安全挑战________是重大安全风险与日俱增；另一方面，各领域安全风险和挑战的内外联动、累计叠加效应日益明显，维护和塑造国家安全的成本持续上升。

在此背景下，没有哪个国家能够独自应对挑战，世界各国是同舟共济的命运共同体。

只有世界安全了，（②________）；只有走共同安全之路，国家安全才能持久。

因此，在新时代，对如何维护国家安全的认识，必须________，具有广阔的国际视野和世界情怀。

1．依次填人文中横线上的词语，全都恰当的一项是（）A．筹划错综复杂甚至高高在上B．统筹盘根错节甚至高屋建瓴C．统筹错综复杂尤其高屋建瓴D．筹划盘根错节尤其高高在上2．在括号内的横线处补写恰当的语句，使整段文字语意表达完整连贯，内容贴切，逻辑严密，每处不超过15个字。

3．文中画波浪线的句子可以改写成“国家安全的内涵、时空领域以及内外因素都更丰富、宽广和复杂了”从语义上看二者基本相同，但原文表达效果更好，为什么？阅读下面的文字，完成4-6题。

过上有序生活，是我们每个人的期待；（）没有秩序，没有安全，要过上幸福生活就会变成一种奢望。

实践表明，人类对秩序和安全有着普遍的追求。

2017-2019高考英语真题分类解析阅读理解新题型一、2019年高考真题1. 【2019·全国卷I】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

Is Fresh Air Really Good for You?We all grew up hearing people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air.” ____36____ According to recent studies，the answer is a big YES，if the air quality in your camping area is good.___37___ If the air you’re breathing is clean-which it would be if you’re away from the smog of cities-then the air is filled with life-giving，energizing oxygen. If you exercise out of doors，your body will learn to breathe more deeply，allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles(肌肉)and your brain.Recently，people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing(治愈). _____38_____ In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery. It turns out that just looking at green，growing things can reduce stress，lower blood pressure，and put people into a better mood(情绪).Greenery is good for us. Hospital patients Who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead. ______39______ It gives us a great feeling of peace.___40___While the sun's rays can age and harm our skin, they also give is beneficial Vitamin D. To make sure you get enough Vitamin D—but still protect your skin—put on sunscreen right as you head outside. It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working, and that's plenty of time for your skin to absorb a day's worth of Vitamin D.A. Fresh air cleans our lungs.B. So what are you waiting for?C. Being in nature refreshes us.D. Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.E. But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said?F. Just as importantly, we tend to associate air with health care.G. All across the country, recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。

高考英语新题型
高考英语新题型可能包括以下几种：
1. 阅读理解题型的变化：除了常见的选择题、填空题和判断题，可能还增加了更多的细节理解题、推理判断题、观点态度题等，考察学生对文章内容的理解和分析能力。

2. 概括归纳题型：要求学生根据所给文章或对话的内容，将其中的重点、要点概括出来，考察学生对文章结构和信息的整合能力。

3. 表格填空题型：给出一张表格或图表，要求学生根据所给资料填写相关的信息，综合运用语法和词汇知识。

4. 语法填空题型：给出一篇短文，将其中一些空格处标号，要求学生根据语法规则和上下文的意思填写适当的词语或短语，考察学生对英语语法的掌握程度。

5. 完形填空题型：给出一篇短文，其中有若干个空格处要求填入一个适当的词语，考察学生对词汇、语法和语言逻辑的理解和运用能力。

6. 图文匹配题型：给出一组图片或图表，要求学生根据所给的图片或图表内容，从一些选项中选择最合适的文字描述，考察学生对图片或图表信息的理解和应用能力。

以上是对高考英语新题型的一些猜测和推测，具体题型以各地
区教育考试部门的要求和出题习惯为准。

深入了解和掌握各种题型，培养综合运用英语知识和技能的能力是应对高考的关键。

2021届高考英语新题型：阅读七选五专题训练(含答案解析2)专题02——空格针对训练之段尾总结句技法指导空格在段尾，通常是结论性、概括性的语句。

注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的关联词，如therefore, as a result, thus, hence, in short, to sum up, to conclude, in a word 等。

另外设空处在段尾，设空处前的一句或两句是重点语句，要重点阅读以锁定关键词。

选项中也可发现前文同义词句。

七选五常常在首段结尾提出主题，或以某种吸引读者的方式引入新的事物或观点，为下文的进一步说明引领方向。

解题时不仅要关注设空处与上句的联系，同时还要注意上下段的联系。

精练必刷题（一）The study habits of top students at Oxford UniversityGo to your lectures.For the first 2 years of Oxford, I went to maybe 4 lectures out of hundreds available. __1__ In my third year, I went to almost every single lecture available, including those topics I was not personally involved or interested in.__2__ Firstly, lectures are FUN! I found so many gems (难能可贵的人) that influenced my thinking. I found so many passionate, knowledgeable speakers who got me excited about the topic. Secondly, I remembered more stuff! An hour in the lecture hall has massive returns on investment.Be an active student.For my first year at Oxford, I barely said anything in lectures. I didn't volunteer in discussions and, as a result, I didn't understand much. My understandings of different texts never matured or became complex. They stayed the same. __3__Then, somewhere in the middle of my second year, I got over myself and offered more of my own opinions. I responded to others, asked thoughtful questions, and interacted way more.Being an active student also means asking for help. The smartest people learned everything from other smart people.__4__It doesn't matter how much new information you stuff into your head if you forget it the next day or cannot apply it. When you structure your studying, the most important task is always to ensure you are remembering the information you have already learned. __5__In order to improve your memory and absorb more information, you need to break your studying up into manageable pieces and review what you've previously learned in each new piece.A．Study in small blocks.B．That always comes first.C．And they were often wrong.D．Create a perfect study environment.E．Some students study new information for hours.F．My mind changed when I actually went to lectures.G．I was foolish and lazy, severely disadvantaging myself.（二）Everybody has some goals in life. If you are not acting in a way that will help you achieve those goals, your confidence may be less. __1__Take real action. Lack of action. Watching TV isn't an action. Eating isn't an action, too. __2__ It can be a side hustle, a hobby ... Something that you want! Of course, when you set goals for life, you should be able to put them together, and make practical goals.__3__If you aren't proud of yourself, how can't you be in low spirits. The quickest way to overcome your situation is to win more often. Both are strong hormones (荷尔蒙) that push you to do more. __4__ You'll get more confidence from winning. This is how you get started — win. Face up to true selves. We should know ourselves very well and judge ourselves fairly. Instead of thinking about your own physical imperfections, or always comparing yourself with others' advantages, you should believe that you have bright spots, and that everyone has their own strengths and weaknesses. __5__ If we would just accept and trust ourselves, confidence might be much stronger.A．A real action is something that you want.B．Calm down and think positively.C．Keep normal relationships and make more warmhearted friends.D．If so, you need to read the following tips.E．There is no such thing as a perfect person.F．Once you start to win, you will always go for more winning.G．High confidence comes with pride.（三）A city in the jungleIn the summer of 1848, in Guatemala, a man called Ambrosio Tut went out into the jungle (丛林), as he did almost every day. Tut was a gum (树胶) collector, looking for gum in the jungle. __1__ One day, he got to the top of one tree and something caught his eye. He looked out across the trees and saw the tops of some old buildings.__2__ He ran to tell the local governor excitedly, and together they walked into the jungle. There they found Tikal, the city that theMayans had built, many hundreds of years before. The two men saw pyramids (金字塔), squares and houses. For a long time before that day, local people had known that somewhere in the jungle there was an old Mayan city. __3__ Between 200 and 900 AD, the city of Tikal had been the centre of Mayan civilisation (文明) in the area, but then the Mayans left it — nobody knows why! After 1,000 AD, the jungle began to cover it. __4__Seven years before Tut found Tikal, two British explorers had gone to Guatemala and had written a report about Mayan treasures in the jungle — but they hadn't mentioned Tikal. Even earlier than this, local Indians had told people about a great city hidden in the trees, but no one had listened to them. __5__ Now the lost city had been found again, and people went there immediately to see it.A．But no one had seen it for centuries.B．To do this, he had to climb the trees.C．And then people forgot that it was there.D．So they lost the chance to find the treasure.E．Tut found many other treasures after that.F．More and more scientists began to study the Mayan city.G．Tut didn't really know what he had seen but he knew it was something special.【答案解析】一、语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。

英语高考新题型练习二七选五阅读理解（一）The Internet has opened up a whole new online world for us to meet, chat and go where we’ve never been before.But just as in face to face communication, there are some rules of behavior that should be followed when on line. 1 Im agine how you’d feel if you were in the other person’s shoes.For anything you’re about to send: ask yourself, “Would I say this to the person’s face?” If the answer is no, rewrite and reread. 2If someone in the chat room is rude to you, your instinct (本能) is to fire back in the same manner. But try not to do so. 3 If it was caused by a disagreement with another member, try to fix the situation by politely discussing it. Remember to respect the beliefs and opinions of others in the chat room._ 4__Offer advice when asked by newcomers, as they may not be sure what to do or how to communicate. When someone makes a mistake, whether it’s a stupid question or an unnecessarily long answer, be kind about it. If it’s a small mistake, you may not need to say anything. Even if you feel strongly about it, think twice before saying anything. Having good manners yourself doesn’t give you license to correct everyone else. 5 At the same time, if you find you are wrong, be sure to correct yourself and apologize to those that you have offended.It is not polite to ask others personal questions such as their age, sex and marital status. Unless you know the person very well, and you are both comfortable with sharing personal information, don’t ask such questions.A. It’s natural that there some people who speak rudely or make mistakes online.B. Repeat the process till you feel sure that you’d feel comfortable saying the words to the person’s face.C. Everyone was new to the network once.D. The basic rule is simple: treat others in the same way you would want to be treated.E. When you send short messages to a person online, you must say something beautiful to hear.F. You should either ignore the person, or use your chat software to block their messages.G. If you do decide to tell someone about a mistake, point it out politely.（二）Taking good notes is a time-saving skill that will help you to become a batter student in several ways 1 Second, your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test. Third, note-taking offers variety to your study time and helps you to hold your interest.You will want to take notes during classroom discussions and whilereading a textbook or doing research for a report. 2 Whenever or however you take notes, keep in mind that note-taking is a selective process. 3The following methods may work best for you.●Read the text quickly to find the main facts and ideas in it.●Carefully read the text and watch for words that can show main points and supporting facts.● Write your notes in your own words.● 4● Note any questions or ideas you may have about w hat was said or written.As you take notes, you may want to use your own shorthand(速记). When you do, be sure that you understand your symbols and that you use them all the time. 5A. Use words, not complete sentences.B. There are three practical note-taking methods.C. You must write your notes on separate paper.D. Otherwise, you may not be able to read your notes later.E. you will also want to develop your own method for taking notes.F. That means you must first decide what is important enough to include in your notes.G. First, the simple act of writing something down makes it easier for you to understand and remember it.（三）__1__You probably think you will never be a top student. This is not necessarily so, however. Anyone can become a better student if he or she wants to. Here’s how: Plan your time carefully. When planning your work, you should make a list of things that you have to do. After making this list, you should make a schedule of your time. First your time for eating , sleeping, dressing, etc. Then decide a good, regular time for studying.___2_ A weekly schedule may not solve all your problems, but it will force you realize what is happening to your time.Find a good place to study. Look around the house for a good study area. Keep this space, which may be a desk or simply a corner of your room, free of everything but study materials. No games, radios, or television. When you sit down to study, concentrate on the subject.Make good use of your time in class. ___3 Listening carefully in class means less work later. Taking notes will help you remember what the teacher says.Study regularly. When you get home from school, go over your notes, review the important points that your teacher is going to discuss the next day, read that material. _4___If you do these things regularly, the material will become more meaningful,and you’ll remember it longer.Develop a good attitude towards tests. The purpose of a test is to show what you have learned about a subject. They help you remember your new knowledge. The world won’t end if you don’t pass a test, so don’t be over worried.___5__ You will probably discover many others after you have tried these.A. There are other methods that might help you with your studying.B. Don’t forget to set aside enough time for entertainment.C. Take advantage of class time to listen to everything the teacher says.D. No one can become a top student unless he or she works hard.E. Maybe you are an average student.F. Make full use of class time to take notes of what the teacher asys in class.G. This will help you understand the next class.语法填空，依据文章填入适当内容，不超三词。

2022届新高考二轮复习新题型专项练习2——读后续写(旅行类)1. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

续写词数应为150左右。

Harry and Linda hiked along a stream and accidentally found a cave."Let's check it out," Harry said. Linda frowned. "Come on, just have a look," he took out a flashlight from his backpack and entered the cave. She disagreed, but unwillingly followed him inside. It was cool and wet. Bats rushed around, and water dripped(滴落) from the ceiling. They walked down a long passage until it branched in three directions."Okay, we've seen it. Let's turn around," she said. He started down the left passage. "Just a little further." She had to follow, but the return route became increasingly complex. He walked faster. She struggled to keep pace.Suddenly, he fell. The flashlight flew from his hand, rolled across the floor, and disappeared. The cave went black. No flashlight; no matches! They had to follow the walls back to the entrance. They inched forward for a long time, but it felt like they were going in circles. They fought the panic.They had no idea where to go. They stood by the cold wet stone, listening to the drip, drip, drip of water from the ceiling. Their anxiety grew in the total darkness.Hours passed. She could smell the sweat on him. Something about that made her angry."If we survive this, you need to do the dishes more," she said. The words sounded strange in the darkness. He could picture her face: that familiar frown and discontented blue eyes. "What?""The dishes," she said. "I'm tired of cleaning up after you."He was sick of her complaint. "What about my lawn care? You've never respected the effort that's gone into it. And you always wash your feet ten times a day. It is abnormal.""I've always hated your mother," she yelled. "She regards me as a good-for-nothing, but I can't say anything to her. You need to stand up to her for once.""She never liked you either. She warned me not to marry you, but I've always defended you. Always. Maybe I was wrong." They went silent.During the next two days, several more attempts through the cave proved fruitless._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ________________________"Let's give it one last attempt," she said._______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 2. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。