2021版新高考英语一轮复习Unit23Conflict练习北师大版
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1 新高考英语一轮复习：
Unit 23 Conflict
课时练1 2篇阅读＋1篇完形＋1篇应用文写作
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2020· 北京怀柔区高三模拟) Superstorm Sandy slammed into the eastern United
States a few years ago. The winddriven water caused a lot of flooding, especially
in the region’s subway system. Now two teens have invented a device that could help
prevent future subway floods.
In New York City alone, Superstorm Sandy caused an estimated $19 billion in
damage. Much of the floodwaters entered the subway system through its ventilation
grates (通风栅). Those metal grills usually lie at ground level. When the system
is shut down ahead of a flood, engineers try to cover those grates with plywood(胶合板) and sandbags. But the flooding often washes away those measures, which allows
water to flow into the tunnels. Raising those grates even a tiny bit above ground
level would cost a lot of money. Other ideas have included building tall chimneys
around the holes. That would raise the grates and cost a lot of money, too.
Kyle and Raymond came up with a different, less expensive idea. They designed
a metal grate with a builtin, adjustable cover. When trains are running, one part
of the grate slides open to bring in fresh air. But when the system is shut down,
that part can be slid shut to completely block the grate.
Their grate is the same size as the grates used now. So, it would be simple,
they say, to lift out the old grate and drop in a replacement. Their design includes
tamperproof features, which can prevent operation mistakes. They make sure that
people don’t intentionally shut off airflow during normal conditions. For people
with the proper key, it would only take a minute or two to close the grate ahead
of a flood.
【解题导语】 本文主要讲述了几年前超级风暴Sandy猛烈袭击美国东部，造成了洪水灾害，当地的地铁被洪水淹没。为防止地铁再次被洪水淹没，两位少年发明了一种装置。
1．What’s the second paragraph mainly about?
A．The steps to operate grates.
B．The measures to prevent flood. 2 C．The function of plywood and sandbags.
D．The disadvantage of present subway system.
D 解析：段落大意题。根据第二段第一句可知，据估计超级风暴Sandy仅在纽约市就造成了价值190亿美元的损失。文章接下来分析了超级风暴造成的洪水淹没地铁的原因：目前的地铁系统存在很大的弊端。故选D。
2．Which of the following words best describes the two teens’ new invention?
A．Costly. B．Timesaving.
C．Practical. D．Conventional.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段第一、二句“Their grate is the same size as
the grates used now. So, it would be simple, they say, to lift out the old grate
and drop in a replacement.”可知，他们使用的栅栏和现在使用的栅栏大小一样，所以，他们说这会很容易就可以把旧的栅栏取出来，并放入一个替换栅栏；再结合最后一段最后一句可推知，新的栅栏操作起来也很方便。故选C。
3．What’s the purpose of designing the tamperproof feature?
A．To replace the old grate correctly.
B．To close the grate ahead of a flood.
C．To ensure airflow in normal conditions.
D．To stop the train speeding up unexpectedly.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段第三、四句可知，设计干预防护的特点可以阻止操作失误，有了干预防护，他们确保人们不会有意地在正常情况下关掉空气流通的功能，故选C。
4．Where does the text most probably come from?
A．A news report.
B．An adventurous story.
C．An introduction to new equipment.
D．A guidebook to making grates.
A 解析：文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了两位少年发明了一种成本较低、实用的地铁防洪装置以及该装置的特点和优势，应该属于新闻报道类文章，故选A。
B
(2020·合肥高三调研)While elephants born without tusks(长牙)
are not unheard of, they normally form just 2 to 6 percent of the
population. However, that is not the case at Mozambique’s Gorongosa
National Park, where an astonishing 33 percent of female elephants born after the
country’s conflict ended in 1992 are tuskless. While that may appear to be just 3 a coincidence, Joyce Poole, an elephant behavior expert, has another theory. The
researcher thinks we may be witnessing unnatural evolution of the species due to
the constant hunting of elephants for valuable ivories.
Poole says before the country’s 15yearlong conflict, the park was home to
over 4，000 elephants. However, by the time the conflict ended in 1992, about 90
percent of them had been killed for ivories to get money. Of the less than 200
survivors, over 50 percent of adult females had no tusks. Therefore, it is not
surprising that the park’s tuskless elephant population has grown greatly.
This is not the first time researchers have observed a great change in the
population of elephants. At Zambia’s South Luangwa National Park and Lupande Game
Management Area, areas which were heavily hunted in the 1970s and 1980s, 35% of
elephants of 25 years old or older and 13% of those younger than 25 are now without
tusks. A 2008 study published in the African Journal of Ecology found that the number
of tuskless females at the Ruaha National Park in Tanzania went from 10.5 percent
in 1969 to almost 40 percent in 1989, largely due to illegal hunting for ivories.
The recent ban on ivories in both the US and China should help get rid of, or
