2018年宁波大学外国语学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解一、词语互译（2×20＝40分）说明：本部分共20个词语，汉语和英语各10个，或选自国内外时事新闻，或选自翻译理论术语。
请将汉语词语翻译为英语，英语词语翻译为汉语。
1. 脸部识别技术【答案】face recognition technology2. 美国总统对中国的国事访问【答案】a state visit to China by the president of the United States3. 供给侧改革【答案】supply-side reform4. 国民经济和社会发展第十三个五年规划【答案】the 13th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development of the People’s Republic of China5. 激发创新活力【答案】stimulate innovation vitality6. 社会主义核心价值观【答案】the core values of socialism7. 不忘初心【答案】stay true to the mission8. 房地产市场【答案】real estate market9. 经济全球化【答案】economic globalization10. 软实力【答案】soft power11. translation process【答案】翻译过程12. functional equivalence【答案】功能对等13. source language【答案】源语14. communicative translation 【答案】交际翻译15. target text【答案】目标语16. domestication【答案】归化17. informative text type【答案】信息文本类型18. literary translation【答案】文学翻译19. translator’s subjectivity【答案】译者主体性20. the invisibility of the translator【答案】译者的隐形二、英汉篇章翻译（1×60＝60分）Middle-aged, unemployed, single and my money spent, I’m an utter failure in comparison to many of my college peers.I graduated from an elite university in the 1980s. My class of approximately 1550 has generated a Nobel Prize winner, a Pulitzer Prize winner, a World Bank chief, a few ambassadors, at least one current governor and several mayors. I know former classmates who are university presidents, college professors, CEOs and so on.What a load of over-achievers!Meanwhile, the rest of us remain uncelebrated, absent from the public eye, not courted by private bankers, nosy paparazzi (狗仔队), respected charities, luxury real estate agents or art auction houses.Post-graduate achievement is usually measured in degrees earned and awarded, class rankings, corporate titles, magazine covers and social media popularity, and money made. At elite institutions’ alumni gatherings, the bar for storytelling is set high, with summary biographies of our most luminous graduates shared in hushed murmurs. How can we compare ourselves to our peer’s stupendously visible achievements and not think ourselves failures?In the 1800s, Danish philosopher Soren Kierkegaard (克尔凯郭尔) addressed the same question with his own story: “The Lily in the Field and the Bird of the Air”. Init, Kierkegaard describes a little bird that loves to gossip to its friend the lily. The bird, he writes, has a bad habit of saying “all sorts of things, true and untrue, about o ther places where lilies far more splendid were found in great abundance”. The listening lily, in turn, becomes troubled. Seeing its own unsplendid existence in comparison to the bird’s fantastic tales of other and better lilies, the lily begins to doubt whether it deserves to call itself a lily at all.In the distress of comparison, the troubled person may go at last so far that in view of the difference he forgets that he is a man. In despair, he conceives himself so different from other men, that he even conceives he is different from what is meant by being a man, just as the lily was so inconspicuous that it was questionable if it was really a lily.In other words, it’s not just painful to doubt. T o measure success in any way but from the inside is to rock the foundations of your identity.Most of us are already busy enough trying to get by. We are busy with the practical tasks of everyday living, doing and redoing, learning and changing, and sometimes staying the course. We might compare our performance on an examination, or a recent grant proposal; but to compare ourselves against others in the totality of being a successful adult is odious and futile.Many of us are not the kind of successful that’s easy to see. Many of us who have enjoyed financial success were extremely fortune, but perhaps not so lucky in love. Many of us understand now that no matter how hard you work or how brilliant y ou might be, luck has far more to do with “success” than one mightimagine.【参考译文】中年，失业，单身，破产，我与许多大学同学们相比是一个完完全全的失败者。
